Pazopanib

Uses	Kidney Cancer And Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Therapy	Anti-Neoplastic
Side Effects	Diarrhoea, High Blood Pressure, Hair Colour Change, Nausea

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Molecule Description

Pazopanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma and advanced soft tissue sarcoma after prior chemotherapy. It works by blocking proteins involved in tumour growth and new blood-vessel formation. Pazopanib can cause serious or potentially fatal liver injury, so regular liver-function tests are required. Report jaundice, dark urine, unusual tiredness, loss of appetite, nausea, or right-sided abdominal pain promptly. Pazopanib is usually taken as prescribed on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after food. Swallow tablets whole and take them exactly as prescribed. Common side effects include diarrhoea, high blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, reduced appetite, hair-colour changes, and skin changes. Your doctor may monitor blood pressure, liver and thyroid function, blood counts, and urine protein. Before treatment, tell your doctor about heart disease, stroke, bleeding or blood clots, gastrointestinal problems, thyroid disease, or planned surgery, and provide a complete list of medicines and supplements. Pazopanib may harm an unborn baby and should not be used during pregnancy.

Uses

Pazopanib is an anti-cancer medicine used in the treatment of:
Advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Advanced soft tissue sarcoma in patients who have previously received chemotherapy.

Contraindications

When should one not use Pazopanib

Pazopanib should not be used by anyone with a known hypersensitivity (allergic reaction) to any ingredient in the tablet.

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Diarrhea
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Hair color changes (lightening/depigmentation)
Nausea and vomiting
Reduced appetite
Tiredness (fatigue)
Weight loss
Taste changes
Changes in liver function tests
Musculoskeletal pain
Skin depigmentation
Abdominal pain
Headache
Weakness (asthenia)
Altered taste (dysgeusia)
Hoarseness (dysphonia)
Indigestion
Hand-foot skin reaction (redness, pain, or peeling of palms/soles)
Rash
Hair loss
Dizziness
Nosebleeds
Mouth soreness (mucositis/stomatitis)
Insomnia
Reduced blood counts (low white cells, platelets, or lymphocytes) found on routine blood tests
Liver injury
Heart failure
Serious bleeding, including coughing up blood or blood in the stool
Severe abdominal pain
Severe headache, seizures, confusion, vision changes, or blindness
Severe high blood pressure
Serious infection
Blood clots
Gastrointestinal perforation or fistula
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

No. Pazopanib can cause fetal harm and should not be used during pregnancy. Women who can become pregnant should use effective contraception during treatment and for the period advised by their doctor. If you become pregnant while taking Pazopanib, inform your doctor immediately.

Breast Feeding

Discontinue breastfeeding during treatment with Pazopanib. It is not known whether pazopanib passes into human breast milk, and a risk to the breastfed infant cannot be excluded.

Driving

Avoid driving or operating machinery if you experience symptoms affecting alertness or reaction time. Pazopanib can cause tiredness, dizziness, weakness, or other symptoms that may affect your ability to drive safely.

Alcohol

Pazopanib can cause serious liver injury. Discuss alcohol consumption with your doctor, particularly if you have liver problems or abnormal liver function tests. Kidney Discuss this with your doctor about any pre-existing kidney disease.Your doctor may monitor your kidney function during treatment, particularly if clinically indicated. Liver Tell your doctor about any pre-existing liver condition, and report new symptoms such as jaundice or dark urine promptly during treatment.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have a history of heart disease, stroke, blood clots, or bleeding problems.
You have high blood pressure that is not well controlled.
You have kidney or liver disease.
You have thyroid problems.
You have had gastrointestinal problems, including ulcers, diverticular disease, or previous gastrointestinal perforation or fistula.
You have recently had surgery or are planning to undergo surgery, as Pazopanib may affect wound healing.
You develop chest pain, shortness of breath, severe headache, seizures, vision changes, or sudden weakness.
Take Pazopanib as prescribed on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after food, at the same time each day.
Attend all scheduled blood tests for liver function, particularly during the first few months of treatment.
Get your blood pressure checked regularly, particularly during the early weeks of treatment.
Seek urgent medical care for any signs of serious bleeding, sudden chest pain, shortness of breath,severe abdominal pain, or severe headache with vision changes.
Tell your doctor about all other medicines, supplements, and herbal products you take, especially medicines that affect liver function or heart rhythm.
Keep Pazopanib and all medicines out of the reach of children and pets.
Dispose of any unused or expired medicine safely.

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Pazopanib is a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks receptors like VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, and Kit, which are involved in tumour growth and the formation of new blood vessels. By inhibiting these signalling pathways, pazopanib may slow the growth of cancer cells and the development of tumour blood vessels.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Tell your doctor about all prescription and OTC medicines, vitamins, supplements, and herbal products you take.
Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (such as certain antifungal, antiviral (e.g., HIV medicines), or antibiotic medicines) may increase Pazopanib levels and the risk of side effects.
Strong CYP3A4 inducers (such as certain antibiotics used for tuberculosis) may lower Pazopanib levels and reduce its effectiveness.
Medicines that prolong the QT interval may increase the risk of abnormal heart rhythms; ECG monitoring may be required.
Simvastatin and other medicines that may affect the liver can increase the need for liver-function monitoring.
Pazopanib may increase the blood levels of some medicines, so your doctor may need to adjust or monitor certain treatments.

Interactions with food items

Pazopanib should be taken without food at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice throughout treatment, as they can raise Pazopanib levels in your blood.

Dosage

Overdose

There is no specific antidote for a Pazopanib overdose. If an overdose is suspected, seek urgent medical attention.Do not take another dose until advised by your doctor.

Missed a Dose

If you miss a dose and it is less than 12 hours until your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the usual time. If it is more than 12 hours until the next dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose. Inform your doctor if you have missed doses.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Pazopanib is used to treat advanced kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma) and advanced soft tissue sarcoma in patients who have already had chemotherapy.

Take it as prescribed on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Taking Pazopanib with food can increase its absorption and may increase the risk of side effects.

No. Pazopanib can harm an unborn baby and should be avoided during pregnancy. Women who can become pregnant should use effective contraception during treatment and discuss pregnancy planning with their doctor. t.

Avoid driving if you experience fatigue, dizziness, blurred vision, or fainting, as these can affect your ability to drive safely.