Acetazolamide

Molecule Description

It is a sulphonamide derivative with anticonvulsant, diuretic, and antiglaucoma

properties.

Uses

Contraindications

Side effects

Precautions and Warnings

Uses of Acetazolamide

Glaucoma: a condition of the eye where the pressure in the eye increases
Abnormal retention of fluid in the body

Contraindications of Acetazolamide

When should one not use Acetazolamide

You are allergic to this or any sulphonamide derivatives
Low sodium or potassium blood serum levels
Also, do not use in a particular type of glaucoma (chronic noncongestive angle-closure glaucoma)
Severe kidney or liver disease

Side effects of Acetazolamide

Common side effects of this drug are:

Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation)
Increased urination
Headache
Loss of appetite
Drowsiness
Confusion and visual disturbances
Tingling in legs
Electrolyte imbalance
Blood in urine or stools
Itching, hives, rash; yellowing of the skin or eyes
Convulsions
Liver complaints ( loss of appetite, stomach pain, nausea, dark urine, jaundice)
Kidney stone

Precautions and Warnings of Acetazolamide

Pregnancy

Can I take Acetazolamide during pregnancy?

Do not take Acetazolamide in pregnancy. It may be unsafe.

Breast Feeding

Can I take Acetazolamide while breastfeeding?

During breastfeeding, only on doctor’s advice, one should take this medicine.

Driving

Can I drive if I have consumed Acetazolamide?

Do not drive if you feel dizzy, tired, or have vision problems after taking Acetazolamide.

Alcohol

Can I consume alcohol with Acetazolamide?

Acetazolamide may cause drowsiness or temporary vision changes. These effects may be worse if you take alcohol while on treatment with this.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

Your age is above 60-65
You have any lung problems such as Chronic Bronchitis or Emphysema, which cause difficulty in breathing
You have or ever had kidney stones or any kidney-related problems

Mode of Action of Acetazolamide

How Does It Work?

It reduces the functioning of an enzyme called Carbonic Anhydrase, which reduces the build-up of fluids. This action is desirable in conditions such as glaucoma and congestive heart failure.

Interactions of Acetazolamide

Interactions with other medicines

Medicines for your heart such as Cardiac Glycosides like Digoxin
Medications to reduce blood pressure
Medicines to thin your blood
Medicines to lower the sugar in your blood
Medicines for epilepsy or fits
Steroids such as Prednisolone
Aspirin and related medicines like Salicylic Acid or Choline Salicylate used for mouth ulcers
Other in the group of medications called carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like Dorzolamide or Brinzolamide which are also used to treat glaucoma

Dietary Restrictions of Acetazolamide

Drink plenty of liquids to prevent dehydration.

Dosage of Acetazolamide

Overdose

If you happen to take an overdose of this medicine, kindly seek medical care immediately. The effects of an overdose include drowsiness, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, numbness or ti...

Missed a Dose

If you missed any dose, take it as soon as you remember it. However, if it is less than 6 hours before you are scheduled to take your next dose, skip the missed dose, and continue your regular dosage ...

Q: Does Acetazolamide affect blood pressure?

A: Yes, Acetazolamide may decrease blood pressure.

Q: Does Acetazolamide affect eye sight?

A: Yes, Acetazolamide may cause blurred vision. In case the symptom worsens, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Q: Does Acetazolamide increase urination?

A: Yes, Acetazolamide increase the frequency of urination in the initial few days.

References

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Last Updated on: 05 Oct 2020 | 10:47 PM (IST)

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