Topiramate
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Regulated
Molecule Description
Topiramate is a prescription medicine used to treat seizures (epilepsy) and prevent migraines. It belongs to a class of medications called ‘carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.’
Uses
- To treat epilepsy - as a single medicine in people aged over six years
- To treat epilepsy – in combination with other medicines in people aged over two years
- To prevent migraine headaches in adults
Contraindications
When should one not use Topiramate
- If you are allergic to the medicine or any other substances used in the medicine
- To prevent migraine attacks in women of childbearing potential, if not using birth control methods
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- New onset or worsening of existing depression (most common)
- Seizures (fits)
- Mood changes – anxiety, getting irritated quickly or disoriented
- Difficulty to concentrate, think and memory problems
- Kidney stones, painful urination
- Confusion
- Metabolic acidosis
- Increased acid levels in blood (troubled breathing, irregular heartbeats, etc.)
- Absent or decreased sweating
- Suicidal tendencies
- Vision problems
- Glaucoma (rare)
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- You have kidney-related problems (kidney stones)
- You have a history of acidosis (high levels of acids or electrolytes in blood)
- You have a growth problem
- You have a high-fat diet
- You have liver or eye problems
- You have any problems in concentration, memory or thinking
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
Seizures occur due to decreased levels of a substance called GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric acid), which regulates signals and messages in the brain. Topiramate acts by specific mechanisms and increases the GABA levels, thereby controlling seizures and preventing migraine.
Interactions
Interactions with other medicines
- Medicines used to treat diabetes (Pioglitazone, Metformin, Glibenclamide)
- Medicines used to treat depression or anxiety (Venlafaxine, Flunarazine, Amitriptyline)
- Medicines used to treat heart disease or blood pressure (Propranolol, Diltiazem, Hydrochlorothiazide)
- Medicines used to treat psychiatric problems (Risperidone, Lithium)
- Other anti-seizure medications
Interactions with food items
Topiramate does not interact with food. It can be taken before or after meals.
Dietary Restrictions
No information is available on dietary restrictions while you are taking Topiramate, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further information.
Dosage
Overdose
If you suspect an overdose of Topiramate, contact doctor immediately; symptoms may include feeling sleepy, tired, less alert or have blurred vision. You may require hospital admission and are advised to be careful. Avoid any overdosage.
Missed a Dose
Take the missed dose as early as you remember it. However, if it is less than 6 hours before you are scheduled to take your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to compensate for a missed dose. If you have missed more than two doses, contact your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
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