Rifaximin
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Molecule Summary
| Uses | Hepatic Encephalopathy and Irritable Bowel Disease with Diarrhoea |
| Therapy | Antibiotic |
| Side Effects | Dzziness, Stomach Ache, Bloating, Muscle Cramps or Joint Pain |
Assurance
available
Regulated
Molecule Description
Rifaximin is an antibiotic used to treat conditions in the gut caused by an overgrowth of bacteria. It is used for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D), Traveler's Diarrhea (caused by non-invasive E. coli), and for reducing the risk of a serious complication of liver disease called Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE). Rifaximin is concentrated within your gastrointestinal tract, making it a targeted treatment.
Take it at the prescribed dose and duration. You should complete the entire course of treatment with Rifaximin and not stop it mid-way on your own without the knowledge of your doctor. It may result in treatment failure and increase the risk of re-infection. Your urine may become reddish in colour while taking Rifaximin, this is expected and normal so do not panic.
Uses
- Traveler’s diarrhea
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Contraindications/ Do not use if
- diarrhea that is not because of bacteria (such as viral diarrhea)
- Diarrhea with fever
- Bloody diarrhea
- Liver disease
- If you are allergic to Rifaximin, Rifampin, Rifapentine or Rifabutin
- If you are suffering from abdominal pain, constipation or blockage in the bowel
Contraindications
When should one not use Rifaximin
- Diarrhea that is not because of bacteria (such as viral diarrhea)
- Diarrhea with fever
- Bloody diarrhea
- Liver disease
- If you are allergic to Rifaximin, Rifampin, Rifapentine or Rifabutin
- If you are suffering from abdominal pain, constipation or blockage in the bowel
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- Stomach pain
- Headache
- Difficulty in breathing
- Fatigue
- Vomiting
- Nausea
- Urgency to empty your bowels
- Abnormal test results in white blood cells
- Loss of appetite, loss of body fluid (dehydration)
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- If you develop severe diarrhea during or after using Rifaximin, you should immediately stop the medication
- Your urine may become reddish in colour while taking Rifaximin, this is expected and normal
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
Rifaximin works by interfering with bacterial cell growth mechanics; thus, bacterial growth is stalled, and the existing ones are killed by immunity or when their lifecycle ends. Rifaximin is used to treat bacterial infections in the intestine. It passes through the stomach and intestines without being absorbed into the bloodstream.
Interactions
Interactions with other medicines
Inform your doctor if you are taking any other medicines as Rifaximin may interact with other medications such as Azithromycin, Diltiazem, Warfarin, Erythromycin, anti-fungal medications. It may also interact with BCG and cholera vaccines, Ciclosporin.
Interactions with food items
Rifaximin may interact with grapefruit or its juice.
Dosage
Overdose
No specific information is available on the symptoms and treatment of overdose with Rifaximin. However, in acute or long term accidental or intentional overdose, discontinue Rifaximin and seek emergency medical attention immediately.
Missed a Dose
If you missed any dose, take it as soon as you remember. Do not take extra medicine to compensate for the missed dose. It is recommended not to miss a dose of antibiotics as it can lead to antibiotic resistance.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Articles
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References:
- Ema.rifaximin. [Accessed 27 Oct 2025] (online)
- Lactmed.rifaximin. [Accessed 11 Jun 2026] (online) Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2006-. Rifaximin. [Updated 2025 Oct 27].
- Mayoclinic.rifaximin. [Accessed 27 Oct 2025] (online)
- Dailymed.rifaximin. [Accessed 27 Oct 2025] (online)
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