Nebivolol

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Molecule Description

Nebivolol belongs to a class of medications called beta-blockers.

Uses

It is mainly used alone or combined with other medicines to treat high blood pressure. It is also used in the treatment of chronic heart failure.

Contraindications

When should one not use Nebivolol

Are allergic to Nebivolol
Have very low blood pressure
Suffer from asthma, wheezing or any other breathing difficulties
Have any history about any heart failures
Have slow heart rate problems (bradycardia)
Have severe heart defects (second or third-degree heart blocks), a condition which may be treated by a pacemaker

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Dizziness
Drowsiness
Fatigue
Diarrhea
Cold fingers and toes
Numbness and spasm in the fingers which is followed by warmth and pain (Raynaud’s syndrome)
Disturbed sleep/nightmares
Breathlessness
Serious allergic reactions
Skin conditions like urticaria, dermatitis, rash
Serious side effects include worsening of heart failure itself and slowing of heart rate. Hence the dosage has to be adjusted by the physician
Can worsen diabetes and breathlessness
Depression and psychosis

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

This medicine is not recommended during pregnancy unless your doctor considers it essential to you. Many complications ranging from growth retardation, malformations to fetal death are reported. Hence, your doctor will prescribe it only if its benefit outweighs risk during pregnancy.

Breast Feeding

There is no data available regarding the safety of Nebivolol during breastfeeding. Discuss with the doctor before taking this medicine.

Driving

Nebivolol can cause dizziness and tiredness hence caution is advised during driving.

Alcohol

Drinking alcohol with this medicine can decrease your blood pressure drastically.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You get allergic reactions
You have diabetes, caution is required. Nebivolol may cause low blood sugar levels and also change the body's response to low blood sugar, and you may not experience warning signs of low blood sugar such as increase in heart rate, sweating, hunger pangs, headache, etc.
You have any heart problems or suffer from muscle weakness (myasthenia gravis) talk to the doctor before starting any dose of Nebivolol
You have kidney or liver problems (including cirrhosis of the liver)
You have asthma or COPD

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

They work by slowing the heart rate and relaxing blood vessels. Due to this, the heart doesn’t have to work hard to pump blood.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Medicines like Verapamil, when used along with Propranolol, can cause severe fall in blood pressure
Antihypertensive medicine like Prazosin
Tuberculosis medicine like Rifampicin
Blood thinners like Warfarin
Medicines for pain (Analgesics)

Interactions with food items

No known interactions with food.

Dietary Restrictions

Your doctor may advise a low sodium diet which should be followed as suggested.

Dosage

Overdose

You must strictly avoid overdose as it may lead to fatal consequences. The immediate symptoms of overdose are lethargy, breathing disorders, wheezing (whistling-like sound from the chest), missing heartbeat, excessive slowing of pulses, swelling of the hands, feet, ankles or lower legs, shakiness, dizziness, sweating or confusion, blurred vision, headache, pale color, numbness or tingling of the mouth etc. Immediately seek emergency medical attention.

Missed a Dose

If you missed any dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose of medicine to compensate for a missed one.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Don’t suddenly stop taking a beta-blocker without talking to your doctor. If you stop the medication of a beta-blocker suddenly, you can suffer from chest pain, irregular heartbeat or heart attack. Your doctor might tell you to decrease your dosage gradually.

If you experience any symptoms of dizziness, syncope, vision problems, sexual dysfunction or slowing of heart rate, then immediately report to the doctor so that the doctor can adjust your dose depending on your blood pressure, heart rate, level of the medicine in your serum and other essential factors.

You should give an account of your past or present diseases like liver, kidney or heart-related disorders, diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders if any. You must inform your doctor about your ongoing prescription and non-prescription medicines, nutritional supplements, vitamins, herbal medicines, etc. Women should share information about pregnancy status, use of oral birth control pills and other vital information like history of pregnancy-induced high blood pressure, if any.

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