Phenobarbitone

Uses	Epilepsy/Seizure
Therapy	Anti-Epileptic
Side Effects	Drowsiness ,Nausea ,Diarrhea ,Hyperactivity, Depression ,Confusion ,Decreased Blood Pressure

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Molecule Description

Phenobarbitone is a long-acting barbiturate which is helpful in the treatment of epilepsy (fits).

Uses

Reducing the brain activity which are responsible for causing fits or seizures in epilepsy.

Contraindications

When should one not use Phenobarbitone

Allergic to this medicine
Do not take this medicine if you have severe respiratory diseases
Do not take this medicine if you have severe kidney disease
Do not take this medicine if you have porphyria (a genetic or inherited disorder of the red blood pigment haemoglobin)
Do not take this medicine if you have liver disorder

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Unsteadiness
Sleepiness
Hallucinations (seeing or hearing something that does not exist in reality)
Headache
Constipation
Nausea
Vomiting
Fainting
Anxiety
Agitation
Megaloblastic anemia (a blood disorder where the number of red blood cells are decreased)
Slow heartbeat Low blood pressure
Excitation or depression
Reduced urine output

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

This medicine is probably unsafe to be taken during pregnancy. It should be taken if advised by your doctor depending on the evaluation of risks vs. benefits. When taken during pregnancy, folic acid tablets are recommended to be taken along with it.

Breast Feeding

This medicine passes into breast milk & may be harmful to the baby. You should not take this medicine if you are breastfeeding without your doctor's advice.

Driving

Taking this medicine may lead to cause decreased alertness. It is not considered safe to drive when taking this medicine.

Alcohol

It is unsafe to consume alcohol with this medicine.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have known intolerance to some sugars; you should contact your doctor before taking this medicine as it contains a type of sugar called lactose
You are suffering from any conditions like severe respiratory diseases, severe kidney disease, liver disorder or heart problems like irregular heartbeats

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Phenobarbitone inhibits the calcium channels, resulting in a decrease in nerve impulse conduction and offers control of fits (seizures). It also increases the levels of a chemical (serotonin) in the brain.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Anticoagulants like Aspirin
Medicines like Phenytoin, Antihistamines, tranquilizers
Steroidal hormones like Estradiol
Corticosteroids
Antifungal medicines (Itraconazole or Posaconazole)
Antibiotic medicines (Chloramphenicol, Doxycycline, Metronidazole, and Rifampicin)
Medicines for anxiety and psychosis (Aripiprazole, Paroxetine, Mianserin)
Antiviral medicines (Abacavir, Amprenavir, Darunavir, Lopinavir, Indinavir)
Cyclosporine or Tacrolimus
Medicines for heart problems (Digoxin, Propranolol)

Interactions with food items

No information is available on interactions of Phenobarbitone when taken with food, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further details.

Dosage

Overdose

Overdose of this medicine may be life-threatening and needs immediate medical attention. Symptoms include excessive sleepiness, unconsciousness, coma, trouble breathing, heart problems and a drop in blood pressure.

Missed a Dose

Take the missed dose as early as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your subsequent scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to compensate for the missed dose.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Tell your doctor if you have any of these conditions-If you have known intolerance to some sugars, you should contact your doctor before taking this medicine as it contains a type of sugar called lactoseIf you suffer from any of these conditions-Allergic to this medicineSevere respiratory diseasesSevere kidney diseaseAcute intermittent porphyriaLiver disorderHeart problems like irregular heartbeats

The medicine should be avoided in persons who drive or operate heavy machines, have a severe addiction to sedative/ hypnotic medicines, suicidal tendencies, reduced adrenal gland function, elderly, kidney or liver disease. Avoid abruptly stopping the medicine without the doctor's consent.

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