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Oxcarbazepine

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Molecule Description

Oxcarbazepine is an oral medicine used to treat a specific type of seizure, called partial seizure, in people who have epilepsy. It is an anticonvulsant or an antiepileptic medicine.

Uses

  • Treat partial and complex partial seizures in patients with epilepsy
  • Treatment of bipolar disorder (acts as a mood-stabilizing agent)
  • Diabetic Neuropathic pain
  • Neuralgia/ neuropathy

Contraindications

When should one not use Oxcarbazepine

  • If known allergic to the Oxcarbazepine
  • Patients with a history of atrioventricular block

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

  • Change in vision
  • Change in walking or balance
  • Clumsiness or unsteadiness
  • Cough, fever, sneezing or sore throat
  • Crying
  • Dizziness
  • Double vision
  • False sense of well-being
  • Feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
  • Mental depression
  • Sensation of spinning
  • Uncontrolled back-and-forth or rolling eye movements
  • Hyponatremia (low sodium levels)
  • Due to low sodium levels in the blood include: frequent seizures, trouble in swallowing and breathing, severe muscle pain, unusual bruising or bleeding, panic attack, feeling agitated or restless

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

Pregnancy

It is essential to control epileptic seizures during pregnancy. However, there may be a risk to your baby if you take antiepileptic medicines during pregnancy. Your doctor will tell you the benefits and potential risks involved and help you to decide whether you should take Oxcarbazepine.

Breast Feeding

Breast Feeding

Oxcarbazepine passes into breast milk. This could cause side effects in breastfed babies. Ask your doctor for advice before taking this medicine if you are breastfeeding.

Driving

Driving

It may make you feel sleepy or dizzy or may cause blurred vision, double vision, lack of muscle coordination or a depressed level of consciousness, especially when starting treatment or increasing the dose. Do not drive when taking this medicine.

Alcohol

Alcohol

Do not drink alcohol while you are using this medicine as you will feel exhausted.

Other General Warnings

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if
  • If you have kidney disease
  • If you have ever had an allergic reaction to Carbamazepine
  • Birth control pills may not work while you are using Oxcarbazepine. To avoid pregnancy, use another form of birth control. Other types include condoms, a diaphragm or contraceptive foam or jelly

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

This medicine stabilizes neuronal membranes by blocking Na+ channels and slows down the abnormal nerve impulses in the brain and thus helps treat epilepsy.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

  • Anti-cancer medicines like Ibrutinib
  • Antianginal like Ranolazine
  • HIV medications like Tenofavir
  • Hepatitis C medicine like Ritonavir
  • Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Carbamazepine, etc

Dietary Restrictions

Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your regular diet.

Dosage

Overdose

Call immediately to the doctor if you suspect an overdose. Symptoms of overdose are low levels of sodium in the blood, anger, agitation, being confused, drowsiness or sleepiness, dizziness, feeling sick (nausea), being sick (vomiting), tiredness, changes to your heart rhythm (fast, irregular heartbeat), shaking, seizures/ convulsions, headache, coma, loss of consciousness, uncontrolled twitching or jerking, double or blurred vision, narrowing of the pupil, low blood pressure, shortness of breath, an abnormal degree of muscular or bodily activity, lack of coordination of movements and uncontrolled eye movements.

Missed a Dose

Take the missed dose as early as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your subsequent scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to compensate for the missed dose.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Half-life of medicine is 9-11 hours and can stay up to 18-22 hours in the body.

Oxcarbazepine is not recommended for children under six years old since it is not a safe and effective treatment in this age group.

If you are allergic to this medicineIf you have kidney or severe liver or heart problemsIf you are taking other medicines that can lower sodium levels in the blood (e.g. Diuretics, Desmopressin and Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) such as Indometacin)If you are using hormonal contraceptives

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