Ibrutinib
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Molecule Summary
| Uses | Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia And Mantle Cell Lymphoma |
| Therapy | Anti-Neoplastic |
| Side Effects | Bruising And Bleeding, Diarrhoea, Infections, Joint Pain |
Assurance
available
Regulated
Molecule Description
Ibrutinib contains ibrutinib, a targeted anticancer medicine in a class known as protein kinase inhibitors. It is used to treat adults with certain blood cancers, including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (including cases with a specific chromosome 17p deletion) who have received at least one prior therapy; marginal zone lymphoma in patients who require systemic therapy and have received prior treatment; and chronic graft-versus-host disease in patients who have received at least one prior line of systemic therapy. It works by blocking a specific protein that abnormal blood cells depend on to survive and multiply.
This medicine increases the risk of bleeding, including serious internal bleeding, so your doctor will want to know about any other medicines that affect blood clotting, and treatment may need to be paused around the time of any surgery or invasive procedure. Warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists should not be used concomitantly, and anticoagulants or antiplatelet medicines can further increase the risk of major bleeding.
Ibrutinib can also increase the risk of serious infections and has been associated with irregular heart rhythms and heart failure, so your doctor will monitor your heart, particularly if you have any pre-existing heart conditions or risk factors. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor your blood counts and liver function throughout treatment.
Because Ibrutinib affects rapidly dividing and immune cells, it commonly causes diarrhoea, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, bruising or bleeding, nausea, and lowers blood cell counts. Contact your doctor urgently if you develop unusual bleeding, chest pain, an irregular heartbeat, or signs of infection such as fever.
Before starting Ibrutinib, tell your doctor about any bleeding disorders, heart problems, liver problems, or hepatitis B infection, and about all other medicines and herbal supplements you are taking, since several can interact significantly with this medicine. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or could become pregnant, as effective contraception is required.
Uses
- Treatment of adult patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have received at least one prior therapy.
- Treatment of adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), including those with a 17p chromosome deletion, who have received at least one prior therapy.
- Treatment of adult patients with marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) who require systemic therapy and have received at least one prior anti-CD20-based therapy.
- Treatment of adult patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) who have received at least one prior line of systemic therapy.
Contraindications
When should one not use Ibrutinib
- If you have a known hypersensitivity to ibrutinib or any ingredient of this medicine.
- If you are taking preparations containing St. John's Wort, as this is contraindicated with ibrutinib.
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- Very common side effects:
- Diarrhoea
- Low neutrophil count (neutropenia)
- Musculoskeletal pain
- Bleeding or bruising
- Rash
- Nausea
- Low platelet count
- Joint pain (arthralgia)
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Common side effects:
- Pneumonia (lung infection)
- Heart failure
- Irregular heart rhythm (atrial fibrillation)
- High blood pressure
- Serious but less common side effects:
- Serious bleeding, including in the digestive tract or brain
- Severe infections, including invasive fungal infections
- Heart rhythm disturbances, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death
- Stroke or other clot-related brain events
- A rare brain infection called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- Severe allergic reactions
- Reactivation of hepatitis B infection
- Rupture of the spleen, particularly after stopping treatment
- Lung inflammation (interstitial lung disease)
- Liver injury, including severe or fatal cases
- Tumour lysis syndrome, particularly in patients with a high tumour burden
- Non-melanoma skin cancers
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- You have a bleeding disorder or are taking blood thinners.
- You have heart problems or a history of irregular heart rhythms.
- You have liver problems or a history of hepatitis B infection.
- You are due for surgery or an invasive procedure.
- You develop new or worsening breathlessness or cough.
- You notice unusual bruising, bleeding, or blood in your stool or urine.
- You develop yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or other symptoms of liver problems.
- You have a high tumour burden and are at risk of tumour lysis syndrome.
- You are planning to have children.
- Avoid grapefruit and Seville oranges throughout treatment.
- Report any unusual bleeding or bruising to your doctor immediately.
- Report chest pain, palpitations, or an irregular heartbeat promptly.
- Tell your medical team you are taking this medicine before any surgery or dental procedure, as treatment may need to be paused.
- Report any fever, chills, or signs of infection to your medical team immediately.
- Attend regular blood tests and monitoring appointments as advised by your doctor.
- Keep out of the reach of children and pets.
- This is a hazardous cytotoxic medicine; return any unused or expired capsules to your pharmacy for safe disposal.
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
Ibrutinib contains ibrutinib, a protein kinase inhibitor that blocks a protein called Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Abnormal B-cells in certain blood cancers depend on this protein to survive, multiply, and move to the tissues that support their growth. By blocking BTK, ibrutinib helps prevent the growth and spread of these abnormal cells. In chronic graft-versus-host disease, ibrutinib also affects immune cell signalling pathways involved in the underlying disease process.
Interactions
Interactions with other medicines
- St. John's Wort: do not take this medicine with St. John's Wort, as it substantially reduces ibrutinib levels and effectiveness.
- Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (certain antifungal and antibiotic medicines): can significantly increase the amount of ibrutinib in your body; your doctor may need to adjust your dose or avoid the combination.
- Strong CYP3A4 inducers can reduce the effectiveness of ibrutinib.
- Do not use warfarin or other vitamin K antagonists with ibrutinib. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet medicines can increase the risk of major bleeding.
- Tell your doctor about all other prescription medicines, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal supplements you are taking.
Interactions with food items
Avoid grapefruit, grapefruit juice, and Seville oranges while taking this medicine, as they can significantly increase the amount of medicine absorbed into your body and increase the risk of side effects.
Dosage
Overdose
There is no specific antidote for ibrutinib overdose. Doses higher than recommended have been associated with reversible liver enzyme changes. If an overdose is suspected, seek medical attention immediately; management is supportive with close monitoring.
Missed a Dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible on the same day and return to your normal schedule the following day. Do not take an extra dose to make up for a missed dose.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
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References:
- DailyMed. Ibrutinib prescribing information. 2026 [Cited 17th Sep 2026]
- electronic medicines compendium (emc). Ibrutinib Summary of Product Characteristics. 2026 [Cited 17th Sep 2026]
- Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO). Drugs@CDSCO [Internet]. New Delhi: Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. 2026 [Cited 17th Sep 2026]
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