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Dolutegravir

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Molecule Summary

Uses
HIV infection
Therapy
Anti-Retroviral
Side Effects
Headache, Diarrhoea, Nausea, Vomiting, Rash, Itching
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Molecule Description

Dolutegravir is used in combination with other antiretroviral medicines to treat HIV infection. It belongs to a class of anti-HIV medicines known as integrase inhibitors (INIs). These medicines assist in controlling the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. Always take Dolutegravir exactly as your doctor has instructed you. Your doctor will determine the appropriate dose for you. It can be taken with or without food. If you take it twice a day, your doctor may recommend taking it with food. This medicine can cause common side effects, including headache, diarrhoea, and nausea (feeling sick). Inform your doctor if you have a history of depression or other mental health issues, as some side effects, such as suicidal thoughts or attempts, are more prevalent in these individuals. Do not give this medicine to children under 6 years of age.

Uses

Dolutegravir is used in combination with other antiretroviral medicines to treat HIV infection.

Contraindications

When should one not use Dolutegravir

  • If you (or your child) are allergic to dolutegravir or any other ingredient in the medicine.
  • If you (or your child) are currently using another medication called fampridine (also known as dalfampridine), which is used to treat multiple sclerosis.

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

  • Headache
  • Diarrhoea
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Rash
  • Itching

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

Pregnancy

If you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to have a baby, talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of taking Dolutegravir. Tell your doctor immediately if you become pregnant or are planning to become pregnant. Your doctor will review your treatment. Do not stop taking this medicine without talking to your doctor, as this could harm you and your unborn child.

Breast Feeding

Breast Feeding

Consult your doctor before taking Dolutegravir while breast feeding.

Driving

Driving

Be cautious if Dolutegravir makes you dizzy or less alert.

Alcohol

Alcohol

It is always best to talk to your doctor about alcohol consumption while taking this medicine.

Other General Warnings

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if
  • You have a history of depression or other mental health issues, as some side effects, such as suicidal thoughts or attempts, are more common in these individuals.
  • You are a child under 6 years of age, weighing less than 14 kg, or with HIV that is resistant to similar medicines.
  • You are taking antacids (for indigestion and heartburn), they can stop Dolutegravir from being properly absorbed by your body, making it less effective.

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Dolutegravir works by blocking an enzyme called integrase. HIV needs integrase to multiply in your body. By blocking this enzyme, it helps to reduce the amount of HIV in your blood.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

  • Dolutegravir can interact with other medicines. Always inform your doctor if you (or your child) are taking, have recently taken, or plan to take any other medicines, including herbal remedies.
  • Avoid taking this medicine with fampridine (dalfampridine), which is used for multiple sclerosis.
  • Your doctor may need to monitor you more closely if you are taking metformin to treat diabetes.
  • Antacids are for indigestion and heartburn.
  • Supplements or multivitamins that contain calcium, iron, or magnesium.
  • Etravirine, efavirenz, fosamprenavir/ritonavir, nevirapine, or tipranavir/ritonavir are used to treat HIV infection.
  • Rifampicin is used to treat tuberculosis (TB) and other bacterial infections.
  • Phenytoin and phenobarbital are used to treat epilepsy.
  • Oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine are used to treat epilepsy or bipolar disorder.
  • St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a herbal remedy for depression.

Dosage

Overdose

If you (or your child) take too much of this medicine, contact your doctor for advice immediately. If possible, show them the medicine bottle.

Missed a Dose

If you (or your child) miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if your next dose is due within 4 hours, skip the missed dose and take the next one at the usual time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

No, Dolutegravir does not cure HIV infection, but it helps to control the virus in your body.

Yes, Dolutegravir is always used in combination with other anti-HIV medicines.

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