Dapagliflozin

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Molecule Description

Dapagliflozin is an anti-diabetic medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, alongside diet and exercise. Its mechanism of action involves helping the kidneys excrete excess blood sugar (glucose) through the urine, thereby lowering high blood sugar levels. The medication's effectiveness is optimized when combined with a healthy diet and regular exercise. Before starting treatment, patients must inform their healthcare provider about their complete medical history, previous health conditions, and any other medications, including their pregnancy and breastfeeding status. Uncontrolled diabetes poses a high risk of serious health complications, including problems with the eyes, kidneys, and nerves, as well as heart diseases and stroke. Potential side effects include low blood sugar (Hypoglycemia), genital infections, increased frequency of urination, painful urination, back pain, dizziness, and rash.

Uses

This medicine is prescribed along with diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with Type 2 diabetes.

Contraindications

When should one not use Dapagliflozin

If you are allergic to this medicine.

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Infection (thrush) of your penis or vagina (like irritation, itching, unusual discharge or odour)
Back pain and frequent urination
Changes in the amount of cholesterol or red blood cells in your blood
Dizziness
Rash

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

It is not safe in pregnancy as it may cause to harm to unborn baby. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant while taking this medicine. Seek for more reliable alternative medicine to control your sugar.

Breast Feeding

It is not recommended during breastfeeding, as it is not known if Dapagliflozin passes into human breast milk. Talk to your doctor before continuing this treatment if you are breastfeeding.

Driving

If you are taking Dapagliflozin along with other antidiabetic medicines, there are chances of low blood sugar levels. You may experience faintness, confusion, and increased sweating. These are the signs of low blood glucose levels. Keep juice or chocolate handy while driving. In case you start experiencing any of these symptoms, immediately have it.

Alcohol

Alcohol may cause a fall in blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes. Avoid alcohol consumption on this treatment.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You feel sick, stomach pain, excessive thirst, fast and deep breathing, confusion, tiredness
You have diabetic ketoacidosis (increased levels of 'ketone bodies' in your urine or blood) seen in tests
You are suffering from kidney or liver problems
You have high blood pressure or very high levels of sugar in your blood
You feel nausea, vomiting or fever
You have any severe urinary infection
You have no production of insulin (Type 1 diabetes)

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Dapagliflozin works by helping the kidneys remove excess glucose (sugar) and calories in the urine, which then helps lower the blood sugar level.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

It is essential to let your doctor know about all the medicine you are taking. Some medications that may interact with Dapagliflozin, include Acetaminophen, Albuterol, Celecoxib, Cholecalciferol, Exenatide, and Glucose.

Interactions with food items

No information is available on interactions of Dapagliflozin when taken with food, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further information.

Dietary Restrictions

No information is available on dietary restrictions while you are taking Dapagliflozin, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further details.

Dosage

Overdose

Dapagliflozin overdose can make you dehydrated, or you can develop nausea, vomiting, or fever. Low blood sugar levels can be present as varied symptoms, tremors, slurred speech, or fainting. You can often get infections of the urinary tract. Seek emergency medical attention immediately.

Missed a Dose

If you miss any dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. If it is the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose, and go back to your regular dose schedule. Do not take two dosages at once.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Check your blood sugar levels as directed by your doctor. Take medicine as directed and consult a doctor if your condition worsens.

Give a detailed account of your medical and surgical history. Also, mention to your doctor all the prescription and non-prescription medicines, herbal preparations, and nutritional supplements that you may be taking before you start this medicine. Women should give details of their pregnancy and breastfeeding status.

The most common side effects are genital yeast infections (in both men and women) and urinary tract infections (UTIs), as well as urinating more often. Drinking enough water and practicing good hygiene can help.

It works by helping your kidneys remove excess sugar (glucose) from your blood and pass it out through your urine (pee).

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