Acalabrutinib

Uses	Blood cancer
Therapy	Anti-Neoplastic
Side Effects	Anemia, neutropenia, upper respiratory tract infections

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Molecule Description

Acalabrutinib is used in the treatment of blood cancer and is prescribed to patients over 18 years old who have received at least one prior treatment. Acalabrutinib is taken orally, preferably with food or between meals, and should be used as directed by your doctor regarding dose and duration. It is recommended to take this medicine consistently and for as long as prescribed to avoid missing doses. Common side effects include anemia, neutropenia, upper respiratory tract infections, thrombocytopenia, headache, diarrhea, and musculoskeletal pain. If these symptoms are bothersome or severe, inform your doctor, as they may suggest ways to reduce or manage them. Notify your doctor about any medical history of bleeding disorders, heart or liver disease, radiation treatment, or infections. The risk of bleeding may increase if the patient is taking blood thinner medications alongside Acalabrutinib. Many other medications can influence or be influenced by this medicine, so inform your doctor about all the medications you are currently taking. Contact your doctor immediately if you notice unusual bruising, bleeding, dark tarry stools, or a sore throat. This medicine reduces the number of blood cells in your bloodstream, increasing susceptibility to infections. Regular blood tests are necessary to monitor blood cell counts along with kidney, liver, and heart functions during treatment. Effective contraception for both males and females is essential during treatment to prevent pregnancy.

Uses

Acalabrutinib is used to treat blood cancer and is prescribed for patients over 18 years old who have received at least one prior treatment.

Contraindications

When should one not use Acalabrutinib

Do not take Acalabrutinib if you are allergic to acalabrutinib or any of the other ingredients in the medicine. If you are unsure, please consult your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse before taking Acalabrutinib.

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Muscle or joint pain
Headache
Rash
Feeling tired (fatigue), weakness, or lack of energy
High blood pressure
Dizziness
Headache, pressure in the eyes, nose, or cheek area (sinusitis)
Sore throat and runny nose (nasopharyngitis)
Upper respiratory tract infection
Urinary tract infection (pain or burning sensation when passing urine)
Feeling sick to your stomach (nausea), vomiting, stomach pain, constipation (infrequent or hard stools), diarrhoea (frequent or loose stools)
Decreased number of red blood cells, decreased number of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell), or decreased number of cells that aid in blood clotting (platelets)

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

Talk to your doctor before taking Acalabrutinib if you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to have a baby.

Breast Feeding

It is advised not to breast-feed during treatment with Acalabrutinib and for two days after your last dose.

Driving

Acalabrutinib is unlikely to affect your ability to drive or use machines. However, if you feel dizzy, weak, or tired while taking this medicine, you should not drive or use machines.

Alcohol

There is no specific information about how alcohol interacts with Acalabrutinib. It is advisable to discuss alcohol consumption with your doctor while on this medication.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have ever had unusual bruising or bleeding or are taking any medicines that increase your risk of bleeding.
You have an infection.
You have recently had an operation or are about to have one. Your doctor may stop your Acalabrutinib treatment before and after a medical, surgical, or dental procedure.
You have ever had hepatitis B (a liver infection)
You have or have ever had an irregular heartbeat.
You develop a new skin lesion or any change in the appearance of an area on your skin, as you may have a higher risk of skin cancer. Use sun protection and check your skin regularly.
You have kidney disease or have had a kidney transplant.
You have liver disease.

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Acalabrutinib works by blocking a protein in the body known as BTK (Bruton tyrosine kinase). This protein aids the growth and survival of cancer cells. By inhibiting BTK, Acalabrutinib helps to eliminate these cancer cells and can decrease their quantity, which may slow the progression of the disease.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Be especially sure to tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines:
Certain antibiotics for bacterial infections (like clarithromycin)
Medicines for fungal infections (like posaconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole)
Ketoconazole (for Cushing's syndrome)
Medicines for HIV infections (like indinavir and ritonavir)
Medicines for hepatitis C (like telaprevir)
Rifampicin (an antibiotic for tuberculosis)
Ergotamine (for migraines)
Conivaptan (for low blood sodium)
Metformin (for high blood sugars)
Cyclosporine (to prevent organ rejection)
Medicines for fits (seizures) or epilepsy (like carbamazepine and phenytoin)
Pimozide (for Tourette's syndrome)
St. John's wort (a herbal medicine for depression)
Theophylline (for wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness)
Methotrexate (for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and ulcerative colitis) - Take this medicine at least 6 hours before or after Acalabrutinib.
You can take stomach acid-reducing medicines like antacids (calcium carbonate), histamine-2 receptor blockers (ranitidine and famotidine), and proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole) with Acalabrutinib.
Medicines that increase your risk of bleeding:
Acalabrutinib may make you bleed more easily. Tell your doctor if you are taking other medicines that increase your risk of bleeding, such as:
Antiplatelets (like acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel)
Anticoagulants (blood thinners like warfarin or enoxaparin)

Dosage

Overdose

In case of overdose, see a doctor or go directly to the nearest hospital straight away. Take the medicine and this leaflet with you.

Missed a Dose

If you miss a dose and it is less than 3 hours past your usual time, take the missed dose immediately. Then, take your next dose at the usual time.
If it is more than 3 hours past your usual time, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the usual time.
Do not take a double dose to compensate for a missed dose.