Ketamine

Uses	Inducing general anaesthesia
Therapy	General Anaesthesia
Side Effects	Chest discomfort, Difficulty breathing, Dizziness, Pain at the injection site, Double vision, Redness of skin, Nausea, Vomiting, etc.

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Molecule Description

Ketamine is a general anaesthetic that allows medical procedures to be carried out in the absence of pain and distress. Ketamine is used for major surgical procedures in clinical settings.

Uses

Ketamine is used to induce general anaesthesia.

Contraindications

When should one not use Ketamine

If you are allergic to ketamine or any of the other ingredients of this medicine.

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Rash
Vomiting
Erythema (redness of the skin)
Agitation
Nightmares
Nausea
Abnormal behaviour
Hallucination
High blood pressure
Confusion
Muscle coordination impairment
Seizures
Double vision
Chest discomfort
Difficulty breathing
Dizziness
Pain at the injection site

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

No. Taking Ketamine during the course of pregnancy is not advised. Inform your doctor about your pregnancy or intention to conceive at the time of consultation. Do not take Ketamine without medical advice.

Breast Feeding

No. Ketamine is not recommended for nursing mothers. It is advised to consult a doctor if you need to take Ketamine while breastfeeding.

Driving

No. Ketamine can cause side effects like blurry vision, confusion, and bouts of dizziness. It is advised to wait for a few hours before driving after taking Ketamine. The same caution should be exercised in the case of operating heavy machinery. Avoid driving if you experience any of these symptoms and wait for them to pass.

Alcohol

No. Consuming alcohol with Ketamine is not advised. Mixing alcohol with Ketamine can lead to adverse reactions, including fever, nausea, fatigue, upset stomach, and dizziness.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have a history of heart diseases. Ketamine can increase blood pressure, so it should be used with caution in such patients. Blood pressure and heart rate should be closely monitored while administering Ketamine.
You have a history of lung diseases. Ketamine should be used with caution since it can cause respiratory depression in case of an overdose or if the medicine is administered too rapidly. Lung function should be closely monitored while administering Ketamine.

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Ketamine produces a state of anaesthesia known as dissociative anaesthesia. This means that the medication causes selective interruption of association pathways of the brain that cause pain perception. It causes strong analgesic effects and moderate hypnosis that relieves pain and allows doctors to carry out surgical procedures without causing distress to the affected person.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Side effects of medicine interaction can be avoided by informing the doctor about all medicines and health supplements currently taken. Ketamine is known to interact with the following medications:
Citalopram (medication to treat depression)
Dextromethorphan (medication to treat cough caused by a common cold or the flu)
Propoxyphene (opioid medication to treat mild to moderate pain)
Alprazolam (medicine to treat anxiety and panic disorders)
Herbal drinks and supplements may interact with Ketamine

Dosage

Overdose

Inform your doctor immediately if you suspect an overdose of this medication. Overdose can result in breathing difficulties, trouble remembering things or concentrating, nausea, vomiting, slurred speech, muscle spasms, twitching, and confusion.

Missed a Dose

This medicine is mainly administered before or during a surgical procedure. Hence, the chances of missing a dosage are improbable.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Individuals with kidney diseases should use Ketamine with caution. Dose adjustments can be made by the doctor based on the clinical conditions of the affected person.

Ketamine can be misused and may lead to dependence. It is given only by a healthcare professional in a clinical setting.

People with liver disease should exercise caution when using Ketamine. Your healthcare provider will adjust the dosage of this medicine based on your signs and symptoms.

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Ketamine

Molecule Summary