Gefitinib

• First-line treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating mutations of EGFR-TK.

When should one not use Gefitinib

• If you have a known hypersensitivity or severe allergic reaction to gefitinib or any of the inactive ingredients in the tablet formulation.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding require specific medical advice before treatment.

Common side effects of this drug are:

• Rash (acneiform skin rash, which can occur or worsen in sun-exposed areas)
• Diarrhea and nausea
• Dry skin, pruritus (itching), and acne
• Decreased appetite and weight loss
• Asthenia (mild weakness) and fatigue
• Elevated liver enzymes
• Vomiting and stomatitis (mouth sores)
• Eye irritation, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, or dry eyes
• Hair thinning or hair loss (alopecia)
• Nail disorders (such as nail bed infections or brittleness)
• Hemorrhagic events (such as nosebleeds or mild hematuria)
• Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)-like events (severe, potentially fatal lung inflammation causing sudden cough, fever, and breathing difficulties)
• Severe, dehydrating diarrhea leading to acute kidney injury
• Severe hepatic toxicity or liver failure
• Gastrointestinal perforation
• Severe skin reactions (such as toxic epidermal necrolysis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
• Corneal erosion or severe eye ulceration

Other General Warnings

• You experience sudden breathing difficulties, cough, or fever, which require immediate evaluation for lung inflammation.
• You develop severe, persistent diarrhea that does not respond to anti-diarrheal treatment.
• You notice signs of liver problems, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or upper abdominal pain.
• You experience severe eye pain, redness, blurred vision, or eye watering.
• Protect your skin from sun exposure by using broad-spectrum sunscreens and wearing protective clothing, as gefitinib-induced rash often worsens in sunlight.
• Report any sudden onset or worsening of shortness of breath, cough, or fever immediately, as these can be signs of interstitial lung disease.
• Stay well hydrated, and inform your doctor early if you experience persistent diarrhea so they can prescribe appropriate anti-diarrheal medications.
• Keep all scheduled liver function tests and medical evaluations.
• Inform all your healthcare providers that you are taking this medication before undergoing any other medical procedures or eye examinations.

How Does It Work?

Interactions with other medicines

• Rifampicin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and St. John’s wort may reduce the amount of gefitinib in your body and make it less effective. Generally, avoid these unless your doctor advises otherwise.
• Ketoconazole and itraconazole may increase the amount of gefitinib in your body and increase the risk of side effects. Your doctor may adjust your treatment if needed.
• Medicines for acidity, such as proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, and antacids, may reduce gefitinib absorption and make it less effective. Ask your doctor before using them.
• Tell your doctor about all prescription medicines, over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, supplements, and herbal products you take, especially blood thinners such as warfarin.

Interactions with food items

Overdose

Missed a Dose