Esomeprazole

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Molecule Description

Esomeprazole is a medicine that helps reduce the amount of acid your stomach produces. It belongs to a group of medicines called proton pump inhibitors, which work by blocking the acid-producing pumps in the stomach lining. By lowering acid levels, it helps relieve symptoms such as heartburn, acidity, and stomach discomfort, and also allows ulcers or irritation in the food pipe to heal. Your doctor may prescribe Esomeprazole for conditions like acid reflux, gastritis, or stomach ulcers. It is usually taken before meals for best results. If you experience persistent symptoms or any unusual side effects, make sure to inform your doctor so your treatment can be adjusted if needed.

Uses

Stomach ulcer
Ulcer in the first part of intestine
Gastritis
A peculiar infection of the stomach called Helicobacter pylori infection. Here it is used along with antibiotics
Gastro-esophageal reflux disease also called heartburn. Reflux is the backflow of acid from the stomach into the food pipe which may become swollen and painful

Contraindications

When should one not use Esomeprazole

If you are allergic to Esomeprazole or any other medicines containing proton pump inhibitors (e.g. Pantoprazole, Lanzoprazole, Rabeprazole and Omeprazole)
If you are taking a medicine used to treat HIV infection
If you have or are suspected of having stomach cancer

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Headache
Stomachache, constipation or diarrhea along with flatulence are the most typical side effects
Nausea and vomiting
Allergic reactions, skin rash
Increased risk of infections is seen in long-term use
Decreased sodium and magnesium level in blood
Severe skin conditions blistering of skin, erosion of nose, mouth, lips, genitals (Steven Johnson syndrome) and sensitivity to light

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

There are no adequate data from the use of Esomeprazole in pregnant women. If you are pregnant, you should use this medicine only if your doctor considers the benefit for you more significant than the potential risk for your unborn baby.

Breast Feeding

Accurate data of whether it passes into mother’s milk is not available. So, it is advisable to consult your doctor before taking this medicine during breastfeeding.

Driving

Esomeprazole has a negligible influence on the ability to drive. If you experience side effects like dizziness or disturbed vision, you should avoid driving.

Alcohol

No interaction between alcohol and Esomeprazole has been reported. Drinking excess of alcohol results in acidity and heartburn. So avoid drinking in excess.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have had any past stomach surgery history
You have severe kidney problems
You have any liver problems or jaundice in which color of skin or eye becomes yellow
You are more than 55 years and need to take this medicine on long term
You ever had a skin reaction after treatment with a medicine similar to Esomeprazole that reduces stomach acid yellow
While taking this medicine, upon sun exposure if you get rashes on your skin, stop your treatment and inform your doctor as soon as you can
While taking this medicine, if you have severe diarrhea, tell your doctor immediately. Esomeprazole has been associated with a small increased risk of infectious diarrhea

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

This medicine works by reducing the amount of acid that your stomach produces. A pump called the proton pump in the stomach is responsible for the secretion of stomach acids. Esomeprazole binds to this proton pump in stomach cells, thus blocking acid secretion. Therefore, it is used in conditions where there is excessive acidity.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Medicines such as Itraconazole, Ketoconazole (used to treat fungal infections) or Erlotinib, Methotrexate (used for certain types of cancer) as Esomeprazole tablets may interfere with the working of these
Medicines are given in HIV/AIDS patients (such as Nelfinavir, Tenofovir, Atazanavir, Rilpivirine, etc.)
Phenprocoumon and Warfarin, which affect the thickening or thinning of the blood

Interactions with food items

To be taken on an empty stomach. There are no known interactions with food or beverages. However, nicotine, caffeine (coffee, tea, chocolate and cola) and alcohol can stimulate stomach acid or delay ulcer healing.

Dietary Restrictions

Avoid spicy and fatty foods
Avoid late large meals before bedtime
Avoid fizzy cold drinks, coffee, chocolate and alcohol

Dosage

Overdose

Overdose symptoms may include nausea, dry mouth, headache, drowsiness, blurred vision, fast heartbeat, sweating, flushing, shortness of breath, tremor, loss of coordination, confusion or seizure (convulsions). Seek emergency medical help immediately.

Missed a Dose

If you missed any dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose at a single time to compensate for a missed one.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

It may cause colstridium difficile infection, diarrhea, atrophic gastritis and malabsorption syndrome if taken for a long term. Hence, it should be taken strictly on doctor’s advice and only for a period specified by doctor’s prescription. Do not extend its use on your own.

It is given in the capsule form to be taken on an empty stomachEsomeprazole sachets are also available for use in childrenIntravenous preparations are also available to be used in acute conditions in hospital settings

Some studies link Esomeprazole to stomach cancer. It is important to share if you have any personal or family history of stomach cancer. It is also essential for you to share information on the history of HIV/AIDS, liver cirrhosis or other critical conditions that you are suffering from. Also, disclose to your doctor all the ongoing medications and supplements that you are taking.

It generally needs 5 days to 1 week for the onset of its action. Duration depends on the condition for which it is taken. It is usually prescribed in courses of 1-6 months duration. It may be given for an extended period too.

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