Clonidine
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Molecule Summary
| Uses | High blood pressure |
| Therapy | Anti-Hypertensive |
| Side Effects | Headache, dizziness, fatigue, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dizziness on standing up, slow or irregular heartbeat, poor circulation to the fingers and toes |
Medicines
available
19k pincodes
Molecule Description
Clonidine is an anti-hypertensive medicine. It is used to treat high blood pressure. This medicine dilates the blood vessels and decreases high blood pressure. Clonidine should be taken as directed by the doctor and in doses and duration as prescribed. Do not stop taking Clonidine suddenly, as it can result in a sudden spike in blood pressure levels. Uncontrolled high blood pressure may further cause harm to the health of an individual by increasing the risk of damage to various organs such as the eye, brain, heart and kidney. While taking this medicine, you should be cautious of your diet and perform regular exercise.
Uses
Clonidine is used in patients who are suffering from high blood pressure.
Contraindications
When should one not use Clonidine
- If you are allergic to clonidine or any of the other ingredients of Clonidine.
- If you are pregnant or are planning to have a baby.
- If you are breastfeeding.
- If you have a very slow heart rate or a serious heart rhythm problem (such as sick sinus syndrome or heart block).
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Dry mouth
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Constipation
- Feeling dizzy when you stand up from sitting or sleeping position.
- Unusually slow or irregular heartbeat
- Problem with circulation to the fingers and toes.
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- You have Raynaud's disease (a problem with circulation to the fingers and toes) or other blood circulation problems.
- You have problems with your heart or kidney.
- You had or have depression.
- You have constipation.
- You have a nerve disorder that may cause your hands and feet to feel different or some altered sensation.
- You have changes in blood pressure when you stand up (postural hypotension).
- You may get dry eyes while taking this medicine. This may be a problem if you wear contact lenses.
- Clonidine can affect liver function and blood glucose tests, so if you are about to have any blood test, inform the laboratory beforehand about Clonidine you are taking.
- You are going to have an operation, keep taking your Clonidine as per your doctor's advice.
- You have to go to a hospital, you should take your medicine with you.
- Clonidine is not recommended for children.
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
Clonidine dilates the blood vessels and decreases the blood pressure. So, the workload on the heart decreases and reduces blood pressure.
Interactions
Interactions with other medicines
- Clonidine may interact with other medicines and produce an altered response. Please tell your doctor if you are using any other medicines, over-the-counter medicines (that you buy without a prescription) and herbal preparations.
- Medicines for mental illness such as Imipramine, Mirtazapine and Chlorpromazine may alter the effects of Clonidine.
- Medicines used to treat pain and swelling like aspirin, Ibuprofen and Naproxen interfere with the way this medicine works.
- This medicine can decrease your blood pressure abruptly if taken with other blood pressure-lowering medicine (Methyldopa, Lisinopril, Furosemide, Candesartan and Telmisartan).
- You may experience low heart rate when taken along with medicines used to treat heart diseases or blood pressure like Atenolol, Bisoprolol and Digoxin.
- Other medicines like Mirtazapine, Frusemide, Prazosin, Diazoxide, Verapamil, Captopril or medicines that make you drowsy should be used cautiously.
Dosage
Overdose
- Symptoms of overdose may include lack of energy, decrease in heart rate, fall in blood pressure, decreased body temperature, drowsiness including coma and slow respiratory rate. Sometimes, it may cause temporary high blood pressure.
- If you experience any of the symptoms or think you have taken too much of this medicine, contact your doctor immediately or visit the nearest hospital.
Missed a Dose
- Missing a dose of anti-hypertensives may lead to high blood pressure and other heart-related complications.
- If you missed any dose of medicine, take it as soon as you remember.
- If it's time for your next dose, then skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dose schedule.
- Do not take a double dose of medicine to compensate for the missed one.
- Do not stop taking Clonidine without consulting your doctor.
- If you have been using this medicine for a long time, you may feel some withdrawal effects like agitation, restlessness, palpitation (feeling of heartbeat), nervousness and headache when you stop taking it.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
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References:
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Catapres® (clonidine hydrochloride, USP) [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2026 Jun 1].
- Yasaei R, Saadabadi A. Clonidine. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan 29.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information (2025). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 2803, Clonidine. Retrieved January 29, 2025
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