Aspirin / Acetyl Salicylic Acid

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Molecule Description

Aspirin belongs to a group of medicines called salicylates. It works as an anti-inflammatory, pain reliever (analgesic), and also helps prevent blood clots by acting as an antiplatelet agent. It is commonly used to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation, and in low doses, it may be prescribed to lower the risk of heart attack or stroke. Always use aspirin only as advised by your doctor, since overuse or misuse can cause side effects like stomach irritation or bleeding.

Uses

Aspirin (low dose i.e., 75-150mg) used for chest pain, heart attacks, stroke, and it prevents blood clots with heart-related diseases.
Aspirin (high dose i.e., above 150 mg) used for fever, pain, swelling (inflammation), and rheumatic fever, heart attacks (by thinning the blood).

Contraindications

When should one not use Aspirin / Acetyl Salicylic Acid

If you are allergic to this medicine or any of the ingredient of this medicine
If you have bleeding disorders
If you have a history of ulcer in the stomach or small intestine
If your age is below 16years
If you have a severe kidney or liver problem
If you are pregnant (last 3 months) or breastfeeding
If you are taking medicines for cancer or rheumatoid arthritis (like methotrexate- more than 15mg per week)

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Sever allergic reactions (skin rashes or itching, or wheezing or coughing or difficulty breathing)
Nausea
Vomiting
Ringing in your ears
Pain or discomfort in your stomach after eating
Lower chest pain after eating
Reddening of the skin
Unusual bleeding (blood in cough or vomit, black stool)
Stroke (due to bleeding in the brain)
Indigestion
Increased tendency of bleeding

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

Pregnant women should not take this medicine unless advised by the doctor as it is unsafe during pregnancy.

Breast Feeding

This medicine is excreted into breast milk. So women should not breastfeed during the treatment. It is advised to consult a doctor before taking this medicine.

Driving

It does not impair your driving ability.

Alcohol

You should not drink alcohol while taking Aspirin. Drinking alcohol may increase the risk of intestinal bleeding and prolong bleeding time.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You feel dehydrated or thirsty
You have kidney, liver or heart problem
You have high blood pressure
You are suffering from asthma
You are suffering from a condition called glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
You experience heavy menstrual periods

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Aspirin works by suppressing the production of chemicals (Prostaglandins and Thromboxane) which cause pain, fever and inflammation. It also prevents your blood cells sticking together and forming a blood clot.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Medicines for thinning of the blood (e.g. warfarin)
Medicines to prevent organ rejection after transplantation (e.g. ciclosporin, tacrolimus)
Medicines to treat high blood pressure (e.g. diuretics and ACE-inhibitors)
Medicines to treat pain and inflammation (e.g. anti-inflammatory medicines such as ibuprofen or steroids)
Medicines to treat gout (e.g. probenecid)
Medicines to treat cancer or rheumatoid arthritis (e.g. methotrexate)
Medicines to treat diabetes (like insulin)
Medicines used as hormone replacement therapy (corticosteroids)
Medicines used to treat inflammation (including rheumatic diseases and inflammation of the intestines)
Medicines to treat fits or epilepsy (phenytoin or sodium valproate)
Medicines to treat infections (antibiotics) such as sulfamethoxazole
Medicines used to treat high pressure inside the eye (glaucoma) like acetazolamide
Medicines to treat acidity (antacids)

Interactions with food items

No information is available on interactions with food while you are taking Aspirin, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further details.

Dietary Restrictions

Not much information is available on dietary restrictions while you are taking Aspirin, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further details.

Dosage

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose includes ringing in the ears, dizziness, deafness, sweating, warm arms or legs, increased pulse or breathing rate. So if you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact your doctor immediately or visit the nearest hospital.

Missed a Dose

Do not double the dose if you happen to miss a dose. Follow the regular dosage.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

If you are a known patient of bleeding disorders such as hemophilia or are taking blood thinners, you must tell your doctor about it. Also, if you have had a history of ulcers, stomach swelling (inflammation), kidney disease, gout, asthma, or breathing difficulty that was induced by a painkiller, you must tell your doctor about it.

Store it at room temperature or away from excessive heat or moisture.

Before you undergo any surgeries or during medical emergencies, tell your doctor that you are on treatment with Aspirin, as excess Aspirin can cause bleeding disorders.

The standard dose prescribed by the doctor is to take Aspirin at bedtime for heart-related diseases. See to it that you take the dose exactly as prescribed by the doctor and do not stop taking medicine unless suggested. For pain management, the dosages are as per the severity and are for a limited period. Aspirin tablet is to be taken with water, after food or milk and avoided on an empty stomach.

Aspirin is a widely used medication that helps relieve pain, reduce fever, and decrease inflammation. At lower doses, it is commonly prescribed to prevent heart attacks, strokes, and blood clot formation in individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease.

Aspirin works by blocking substances in the body called prostaglandins, which are responsible for causing pain, swelling, and fever. It also prevents blood platelets from sticking together, which reduces the risk of clots that can block blood vessels and cause heart attacks or strokes.

Common side effects include stomach upset, heartburn, nausea, or mild bleeding, such as nosebleeds or easy bruising. Serious side effects may include stomach ulcers, black or bloody stools, severe allergic reactions, or unusual bleeding. Seek medical attention if these occur.