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Doxazosin

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Molecule Description

Doxazosin is used to treat high blood pressure and improve urine flow due to enlargement of the prostate gland in men. It belongs to a class of medicines called ‘alpha-adrenergic antagonists’ or ‘alpha-blockers.’

Uses

  • High blood pressure
  • Doxazosin can be used alone or in combination with other blood pressure medications
  • Urinary flow obstruction and other symptoms due to non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate (benign prostatic hypertrophy)
  • Contraindications
  • Allergy to Doxazosin or other medicines of the same class (Prazosin, Terazosin, Alfuzosin, Silodosin) or any of its components
  • If you feel dizzy or light-headed on when you stand up from a sitting or a lying position (orthostatic hypertension)
  • Patients with enlarged prostate gland but have low blood pressure, blockage, stones or infections of the urinary tract
  • A condition where the patient is unaware if the bladder is full which results in urinary leak (urinary incontinence) or not producing urine (anuria), with or without kidney disease

Contraindications

When should one not use Doxazosin

  • Allergy to Doxazosin or other medicines of the same class (Prazosin, Terazosin, Alfuzosin, Silodosin) or any of its components
  • If you feel dizzy or light-headed on when you stand up from a sitting or a lying position (orthostatic hypertension)
  • Patients with enlarged prostate gland but have low blood pressure, blockage, stones or infections of the urinary tract
  • A condition where the patient is unaware if the bladder is full which results in urinary leak (urinary incontinence) or not producing urine (anuria), with or without kidney disease

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

  • Dizziness, spinning of head, low blood pressure, headache
  • Cough, cold, running nose, nose, throat and lung infections
  • Stomach pain, indigestion, heartburn, dry mouth
  • Back pain, itching, muscle aches, fever (flu-like symptoms)
  • Urinary infections, leaking urine, weakness, sleepiness,
  • constipation, loose motions, gas in stomach, joint pains, difficulty in urine and increased passing of urine, joint pain, sleeplessness, anxiety, altered sense of touch and sensation (hands and feet), skin rashes, brain stroke, nose bleed, increased or decreased hunger, weight gain
  • Breathing difficulty, irregular heartbeats (including pounding or palpitations), chest pain, yellowing of eyes (jaundice), low blood cell counts, painful erection of the penis

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

Pregnancy

There is no safety data available on this medicine during pregnancy. Doxazosin has to be used in pregnant women only if it cannot be replaced.

Breast Feeding

Breast Feeding

Tiny amounts of Doxazosin is secreted in breast milk. Hence, this medicine can be used in breastfeeding women if no other alternatives are available.

Driving

Driving

Doxazosin can make you feel weak or dizzy, mostly when you start taking medicine. Do not drive in the first few weeks. You may drive later in the absence of such symptoms.

Alcohol

Alcohol

Taking alcohol with this medicine may lead to cause more dizziness or drowsiness.

Other General Warnings

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if
  • You have liver and heart diseases
  • You are planning for eye surgeries (cataract)

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Alpha-adrenergic receptors (proteins that receive and transmit signals) cause narrowing of blood vessels and the neck of the urinary bladder. Doxazosin acts by blocking these receptor proteins and relaxing the blood vessels and the bladder and thus relieves high blood pressure and urinary outflow. Neck of the urinary bladder passes through the prostate gland and is narrowed down and obstructed in prostate enlargement.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

  • Medicines used to treat erectile dysfunction (Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil)
  • Antifungals and antibacterials (like Itraconazole, Ketoconazole, Clarithromycin, Telithromycin, Voriconazole)
  • Medicines used to treat HIV/AIDS (protease inhibitors such as Indinavir, Ritonavir, Nelfinavir, Saquinavir)
  • Nefazodone (an antidepressant)

Interactions with food items

Doxazosin can be taken with or without meals.

Dietary Restrictions

Low salt diet is preferable.

Dosage

Overdose

Unintentional overdose may not be harmful. Overdose with Doxazosin will cause low blood pressure and symptoms like drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting (seizure in severe cases). Seek medical attention if you experience any such symptoms.

Missed a Dose

Take the missed dose as early as you remember. Skip the missed dose and do not take extra medicine or double dose to compensate for the missed dose.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Dizziness and fainting may occur in the initial stages when a patient is started on Doxazosin, especially when standing up from a sitting or a lying position. Get up slowly from sitting or lying down position to avoid this. Inform your doctor if these symptoms persist. Close monitoring and regular measurement of blood pressure are required till symptoms subsideDoxazosin should not be given to children and adolescents below 18 years of ageTalk to your doctor if you are 65 years or older

Doxazosin has been demonstrated to be a safe and well-tolerated medicine for high blood pressure and to relieve symptoms of enlarged prostate, even when used for an extended periodThis medicine is of special benefit in patients who have both the conditions and is usually given in combination with other medicinesDoxazosin is not recommended in cancerous enlargements of the prostate glandTake Doxazosin under medical supervision. Do not self-medicate or self-adjust the dose

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