Dasatinib

Uses	Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (Ph+ ALL)
Therapy	Anti-Neoplastic
Side Effects	Diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain

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Molecule Description

Dasatinib is a prescription medicine used to treat certain types of blood cancers in adults and children, including chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). This medicine works by slowing or stopping the growth of abnormal cancer cells in the blood, helping to prevent the disease from progressing. It should be taken exactly as directed by your doctor, usually by swallowing the medicine whole with a glass of water. Taking it with or after a meal can help reduce side effects, and it is recommended to take it at the same time every day. You should never take more than the prescribed dose, and do not stop the medicine on your own, as this can affect treatment effectiveness. Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, or fatigue. Some patients may experience low blood counts, bleeding, or fluid buildup in the lungs or body. Rare but serious side effects include heart rhythm changes, high blood pressure, liver issues, or severe infections. It is essential to consult your doctor if you experience unusual bruising, bleeding, chest pain, shortness of breath, or extreme fatigue. Dasatinib can interact with several other medications and substances, including certain antibiotics, antifungals, seizure medications, HIV medications, herbal supplements such as St. John's Wort, and medications that reduce stomach acid. Grapefruit juice should also be avoided. Tell your doctor about all other medicines and supplements you are taking before starting treatment. Storage should be in a cool, dry place, away from sunlight and moisture, and out of reach of children. This medicine should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding as it may harm the baby. Women and men should use effective contraception while on treatment. Patients should exercise caution when driving or operating machinery, as dizziness or blurred vision may occur. Always follow your doctor's instructions carefully, and report any severe or unusual side effects immediately.

Uses

Dasatinib is used for the treatment of adults with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in the chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase, and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (Ph+ ALL).

Contraindications

When should one not use Dasatinib

If you are allergic to dasatinib or any other ingredients of Dasatinib.

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Diarrhea
Vomiting
Nausea
Abdominal pain
Infection (including bacterial, viral, fungal, unspecified)
Myelosuppression (including anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)
Headache
Hemorrhage
Pleural effusion
Shortness of breath

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

No, Dasatinib should not be used during pregnancy as it may harm the unborn baby and can cause birth defects. It should only be used if your doctor decides that the benefits outweigh the risks. If you are pregnant or planning pregnancy, inform your doctor immediately to discuss safer alternatives.

Breast Feeding

No, Dasatinib should not be taken while breastfeeding because it may pass into breast milk and harm your baby. Breastfeeding must be stopped during treatment with this medicine. Always consult your doctor for safe alternatives.

Driving

Dasatinib may cause dizziness or blurred vision in some patients. You should exercise caution while driving or operating machinery and avoid these activities if you experience any of these side effects.

Alcohol

There is no known information about the effect of alcohol with Dasatinib. Consult your doctor before consuming alcohol.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have liver, heart, or blood problems, or a history of hepatitis B.
You experience unusual bleeding, swelling, shortness of breath, or chest discomfort.
You are pregnant, planning pregnancy, breastfeeding, or if a child is taking dasatinib.
You notice growth issues in children or have lactose intolerance.
You experience severe side effects such as extreme fatigue, dizziness, irregular heartbeat, or persistent nausea.

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Dasatinib works by blocking the signals that enable cancer cells to grow and multiply. It targets the main protein (BCR-ABL) that causes blood cancer and can even block it when other medicines, like imatinib, stop working. It also blocks other helper proteins that cancer cells use to survive and thrive. This way, dasatinib slows down the disease, prevents it from getting worse, and helps improve treatment outcomes.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Avoid grapefruit juice as it can increase side effects.
Do not take with certain antibiotics or antifungals like ketoconazole, itraconazole, erythromycin, or clarithromycin.
Avoid HIV medicines like ritonavir.
Do not take with rifampicin (TB medicine) or seizure medicines like phenytoin, carbamazepine, or phenobarbital.
Avoid taking herbal St. John's Wort, as it can reduce the effectiveness of other medications.
Medicines for stomach acid (such as omeprazole and famotidine) can reduce the absorption of dasatinib; instead, use antacids, but only 2 hours before or after taking dasatinib.
Some medicines may build up in the body when combined with dasatinib, such as simvastatin (used to lower cholesterol), quinidine or pimozide (used to treat heart conditions), cisapride (used to treat stomach problems), astemizole or terfenadine (used to treat allergies), ergotamine (used to treat migraines), and glitazones (used to treat diabetes).
Always tell your doctor about all medicines and supplements before starting dasatinib.

Interactions with food items

Do not consume grapefruit or grapefruit juice while taking Dasatinib, as it may increase side effects.
You can use antacids, but take them at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after Dasatinib.
Avoid long-term use of proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers (like omeprazole or famotidine) as they may reduce the absorption of Dasatinib.

Dosage

Overdose

If you think you have taken too much of this medicine, contact your doctor immediately or visit the nearest hospital.

Missed a Dose

If you miss any dose of Dasatinib, take it as soon as you remember with food. However, if it is time for the next dose, then skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Dasatinib is a prescription medicine used to treat certain blood cancers, including chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). It is often used when other medicines, such as imatinib, have not been effective, and can be combined with chemotherapy in children.

Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, fatigue, low blood counts, bleeding, or fluid buildup. Rare serious side effects include heart rhythm changes, high blood pressure, liver issues, or severe infections. Contact your doctor if you notice unusual bruising, chest pain, shortness of breath, or extreme fatigue.

Yes, it can interact with antibiotics, antifungals, seizure medicines, HIV medicines, St. John's Wort, and medicines that reduce stomach acid. Avoid grapefruit juice. Always inform your doctor about all medicines and supplements you are taking.