Adrenaline / Epinephrine
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Molecule Summary
| Uses | Anaphylaxis, Allergic reaction, Mydriasis in intraocular surgeries |
| Therapy | Drugs For Cardiac Arrest |
| Side Effects | Anxiety, Tremor, Palpitation, Vomiting, Headache |
Medicines
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19k pincodes
Molecule Description
Adrenaline / Epinephrine is primarily used to treat acute allergy, anaphylactic shock and for induction and maintenance of mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) in intraocular surgeries.
Uses
- Acute allergies
- Anaphylactic shock
- Intraocular surgeries
Contraindications
When should one not use Adrenaline / Epinephrine
- Hypersensitivity to adrenaline
- Adrenaline should not be injected in fingers, toes, ears, nose or genitalia due to the risk of ischaemic tissue necrosis.
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- Anxiety
- Tremor
- Dizziness
- Palpitation
- Vomiting
- Irritability
- Insomnia
- Fear
- Headache
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- You are allergic to adrenaline
- You have history of heart disease
- You have severe kidney damage
- You are on any medication (cardiac glycoside, diuretics)
- You have prostate enlargement
- You have chronic asthma or emphysema
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
Adrenaline works on alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors; it contracts the expanded blood vessels and improves vascular permeability on alpha-adrenergic receptors. It causes bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and helps treat difficulty in breathing and wheezing, which occurs during anaphylactic shock.
Dosage
Overdose
Overdose with this medication can result in hypertension, tachycardia (high heart rate), fatal cardiac arrhythmias, or metabolic acidosis. Since the patient is admitted while receiving the medicine, healthcare professionals can take necessary immediate action to treat it. Tell the doctor if you are feeling uncomfortable immediately.
Missed a Dose
It is unlikely that the adrenaline dose will be missed, as it is generally used in hospitalised patients with constant monitoring.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
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References:
- Adrenaline (Epinephrine) Injection BP 1 in 1000 - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (emc). [Internet] Medicines.org.uk. 2022 [cited on 9 June 2026] Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/6284/#gref
- ADRENALIN (epinephrine injection) 1 mg/mL. [Internet] Accessdata.fda.gov 2022 [cited on 9 June 2026] Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/204200s000lbl.pdf
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