Butorphanol

Uses	Management of moderate to severe pain, labour pains, preoperative anaesthetic medication, supplement to balanced anaesthesia
Therapy	Analgesic For Severe Pain
Side Effects	Difficulty sleeping, excessive sleep, drowsiness, nasal stuffiness, lethargy and weakness, nausea, and vomiting

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Molecule Description

Butorphanol is a prescription pain reliever used to treat various diseases that cause moderate to severe pain or in situations when traditional pain relievers are ineffective. It can also be used in labour pains and can decrease awareness before or during any surgical procedure. Butorphanol works by changing how the body perceives signals and sensations that cause pain and block the chemicals that induce them.

Uses

Management of moderate to severe pain
Labour pains
Preoperative anaesthetic medication
Supplement to balanced anaesthesia

Contraindications

When should one not use Butorphanol

If you are allergic to Butorphanol or any of its preservative given in the vial

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Difficulty sleeping
Excessive sleep
Drowsiness
Nasal stuffiness
Lethargy and weakness
Nausea and vomiting

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

Butorphanol is not recommended during pregnancy as it may cause neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Always consult a doctor if you become pregnant while taking Butorphanol. If you've been taking Butorphanol regularly, don't quit suddenly and consult your doctor at the earliest.

Breast Feeding

Butorphanol is secreted into breast milk. However, due to the lack of published studies and limited data, other pain-relieving medicines apart from Butorphanol can be given if required. The infant should be monitored for sleepiness, poor feeding, restlessness and adequate weight gain. One should always consult a doctor or a gynaecologist before continuing Butorphanol during breastfeeding.

Driving

Driving is not recommended during the course of Butorphanol as it may cause motor incoordination, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion and lethargy and may affect your ability to drive or use machines.

Alcohol

You should completely abstain from alcohol drinking during the course of your treatment as it may result in significant respiratory depression, which may result in difficulty breathing. It may also result in seizures, drowsiness, or extreme lethargy.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have previously had any allergic reactions to this medicine.
You may experience certain side effects. Keep your family members informed about your medication and make them aware of the serious side effects and when to call your doctor or emergency services.
Butorphanol has the potential of being addictive and can be abused easily by some patients.

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Butorphanol belongs to an Opioid (pain-relieving) class of medicines. Butorphanol works by changing how the body perceives signals and sensations that cause pain and blocks the chemicals that induce them.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Butorphanol may react with:
Anxiolytics (medicines for controlling anxiety) like Alprazolam or Diazepam may cause difficulty breathing.
Antidepressants like sertraline can cause serotonin syndrome and may cause breathing difficulties.
Antihypertensives (medicines decreasing blood pressure) like thiazides may reduce blood pressure to an undesired level.
Antibiotics like Linezolid may increase the serum levels of Butorphanol.
Muscle relaxants such as Baclofen may increase the toxicity of Butorphanol

Interactions with food items

You can continue with your regular diet unless instructed otherwise.
Abstain from drinking alcohol during your treatment.

Dosage

Overdose

Patients who have been administered an excess dose of Butorphanol may experience drowsiness, shallow or slow breathing, or sleepiness. Keep your family or caregiver updated on your medications and any potential side effects. If the patient is found unconscious, collapses, or cannot be woken, they should be immediately taken to the emergency department.

Missed a Dose

Butorphanol should be given as prescribed by a doctor. Get your missed dose administered at the earliest. However, skip the missed dose if it's time for your next dose. Never increase the doses unless prescribed by a doctor.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Dosage modifications may be required depending on liver or kidney disease severity. You should consult your treating physician and avoid altering the recommended dose.

You may experience certain symptoms like drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, irritability, runny nose, depression, insomnia, nausea and vomiting. Always consult your physician if you experience any of these symptoms

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