Nilotinib

Uses	Blood cancer
Therapy	Anti-Neoplastic
Side Effects	Low blood count, constipation, rash, muscle and joint pain, nausea.

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Molecule Description

Nilotinib is used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a type of blood cancer. The active ingredient in this medicine is nilotinib. It is intended for both adults and children who have recently been diagnosed with CML, as well as for those who have previously undergone treatment but did not respond well to earlier medications, including imatinib. Nilotinib should be taken on an empty stomach. Your doctor will determine the necessary dose and frequency of intake. This will depend on the condition being treated and may change over time. Take it exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Headache, nausea, abdominal pain, and rash are common side effects of this medicine. If you experience severe diarrhea, consult your doctor or drink plenty of fluids while undergoing treatment. Nilotinib may reduce the number of blood cells (decreasing red and white blood cells), consequently increasing susceptibility to infections. Before taking it, inform your doctor if you have heart disease, liver or kidney issues, or are taking any medications for infections. Many other medications can influence or be influenced by this drug, so inform your healthcare team about all the medications you are using. This medication is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Effective contraception for both males and females during treatment is crucial to prevent pregnancy.

Uses

Nilotinib is used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a form of blood cancer.

Contraindications

When should one not use Nilotinib

If you are allergic to nilotinib or any other ingredients of this medicine.
If you have low potassium, low magnesium, or long QT syndrome.

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Low blood count
Constipation
Rash
Muscle and joint pain
Nausea
Back pain
Fever
Muscle spasms
Headache

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

Administering this medication to a pregnant woman may cause fetal harm. Women are advised to avoid pregnancy while taking Nilotinib.

Breast Feeding

It is unclear whether Nilotinib is excreted in breast milk. You and your doctor must decide whether to take Nilotinib or breastfeed, but not both.

Driving

If you experience side effects, such as dizziness or visual disorders, that may affect your ability to safely drive or operate any tools or machines after taking this medicine, you should avoid these activities until the effects have subsided.

Alcohol

It is advisable to avoid consuming alcohol while on Nilotinib, as it may increase the risk of side effects.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

You have had heart problems before, such as a heart attack, chest pain (angina), strokes, or issues with blood flow in your legs. You also have other health risks, including high blood pressure, diabetes, or high levels of fat in your blood.
You have a heart condition where the electrical signals are not normal, which is called "prolongation of the QT interval."
You are taking medications to lower your cholesterol (such as statins), to help with your heartbeat (like anti-arrhythmics), or to manage your liver function.
You have low levels of potassium or magnesium in your body.
You have issues with your liver or pancreas, especially if you experience symptoms such as easy bruising, fatigue, shortness of breath, or recurrent infections.
You have had surgery to remove your entire stomach (total gastrectomy).
You have or may have had a hepatitis B infection, so you need to be cautious because Nilotinib might cause this infection to return, which can be very serious. Your doctor will check for this infection before you start treatment.
You are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, as Nilotinib could harm your unborn child.
You are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed.

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Nilotinib blocks a specific enzyme involved in the growth of cancer cells. By binding to it, nilotinib keeps it inactive, preventing it from promoting the spread of cancer cells. It stops the growth of certain cancer cells, even those that have become resistant to other medicines due to changes in the enzyme.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Tell your doctor about all the medicines, supplements or herbal supplements you are currently taking or might take to avoid any possible interaction.

Interactions with food items

Take Nilotinib on an empty stomach: do not eat for at least 2 hours before the dose and wait at least 1 hour after the dose before eating. Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice.

Dosage

Overdose

Symptoms of an overdose may include a low neutrophil count, vomiting, and drowsiness. If you experience these symptoms and they persist, seek medical help immediately.