Insulin Degludec
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Molecule Summary
| Uses | Type 1 and type 2 diabetes |
| Therapy | Anti-Diabetic |
| Side Effects | Low blood sugar levels, hypokalemia, allergic reactions |
Medicines
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Molecule Description
Insulin Degludec is an ultra-long-acting insulin used to treat both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults and children. It maintains a steady level of insulin in the body throughout the day, helping to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications associated with diabetes.
Insulin Degludec can be prescribed alone or in combination with fast-acting insulin or other diabetes medications. Your doctor or nurse will instruct you on the correct method for injecting it subcutaneously. For optimal benefits, use this medication as prescribed regularly.
Stopping the medication can lead to high blood sugar levels, putting you at risk for serious complications. It is essential to follow a treatment plan that includes a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management as advised by your doctor.
The most common side effect of this medication is low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). To prevent hypoglycemia, always inject the correct dose, eat regular meals, and monitor your blood sugar levels consistently. Excessive alcohol consumption can also lead to reduced blood sugar levels. Other possible side effects include reactions at the injection site, such as redness, swelling, or hard lumps (lipohypertrophy).
Avoid using this medication if you have low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). Inform your doctor if you have a history of kidney, liver, or heart problems before beginning treatment. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their doctor prior to using this medication.
Uses
Insulin Degludec is used to manage blood sugar levels in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Contraindications
When should one not use Insulin Degludec
- If you are allergic to insulin or any of the ingredients of this medicine
- If you are suffering from hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level).
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- Low blood sugar (Hypoglycaemia)
- Low potassium in your blood (hypokalemia)
- Pain, redness, swelling at injection site.
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- You have recurrent low blood sugar levels
- You have frequent fever and infections
- You have diseases related to liver and kidney
- You have thyroid disorders
- You are switching to different insulin medicine brand
- You have pain, itching and swelling at the injection site, you should continuously change the site of injection
- Avoid doing heavy exercise
- You are planning to change your diet preferences
- You should always carry sugar candy with you
- You are taking insulin but not taking adequate meals, your blood glucose can drop drastically.
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
Insulin degludec is an ultra-long-acting insulin that works by delivering a slow and steady release of insulin into the bloodstream, helping to regulate blood sugar levels over an extended period. This prolonged effect is achieved through a unique mechanism involving the formation of a subcutaneous insulin depot after injection.
Interactions
Interactions with other medicines
- You may have symptoms of low blood sugar if you are taking other medicines for diabetes, depression (fluoxetine), medicines for fever and pain (salicylates), ramipril, lisinopril
- You may have high blood sugar if you are taking oral contraceptives, thiazide, steroids, thyroxine, medicines used to treat severe diarrhoea and abnormal growth of body organs like octreotide, lanreotide
- If you are taking a medicine pioglitazone to treat diabetes, be cautious, as some cases of heart attack and heart failure have been reported
- Some medicines block your body's response to low blood sugar, so you may not experience symptoms like headache, hunger pangs, sweating, anxiety when your blood sugar drops. This can lead to a serious fall in blood sugar. Inform your doctor if you are on medicines like Betablockers (Metoprolol, Propranolol, Atenolol), Clonidine, Guanethidine and Reserpine.
Interactions with food items
- Use this medicine exactly as directed by your doctor
- Maintaining a constant meal pattern is advisable when you are taking insulin
- Avoid skipping or delaying meals when you are taking insulin.
Dosage
Overdose
- Excess insulin will lead to low blood sugar levels, called hypoglycemia
- Symptoms like dizziness, fainting, sweating and tremors may be seen
- If you have the blood glucometer with you, test immediately and confirm
- Whether or not you test your levels, it is important to take some glucose water/juice/eat sugar or chocolates immediately and then rush to your doctor.
Missed a Dose
- Missed dose may lead to high blood sugar levels which can cause symptoms like feeling thirsty, excessive urination, loss of appetite, drowsiness, fruity smell from breath, etc.
- If you missed any dose of medicine take it as soon as you remember
- If it is almost time for your next dose, consult your doctor on what to do
- Do not take a double dose of medicine to compensate the missed one as taking double dose can cause a drastic fall in blood glucose which can be dangerous.
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