Human Normal Immunoglobulin

Introduction H1N1, also known as swine flu, is a type of influenza A virus that was identified in humans in 2009. It emerged as a result of a mix of genes from flu viruses found in North American swine, North American birds, humans, and Eurasian swine1. H1N1 causes respiratory illness by infecting the nose, […]

Introduction Neem juice, derived from the crushed leaves of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica), has traditionally been incorporated into various cultural practices. The neem tree is native to regions including India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan, and is recognised in systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, and traditional Chinese medicine1. Neem leaves contain a variety of […]

Introduction Typhoid fever is a serious (and potentially life-threatening) illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi that spreads primarily through contaminated food and water. Once inside the body, the bacteria rapidly multiply in the intestinal lymphoid tissue known as Peyer’s patches, and eventually enter the bloodstream, leading to infection (bacteraemia)1,2. With increasing urbanisation, poor sanitation, […]

Introduction Mounjaro and Zepbound are two injectable medications that have gained attention for their roles in managing chronic health conditions. While both contain the same active ingredient, tirzepatide, they are FDA-approved for different uses: Mounjaro is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), whereas Zepbound is approved for chronic weight management in adults […]

Key Takeaways Introduction At PharmEasy, every improvement we make is guided by a simple belief: healthcare should be as stress-free and comfortable as possible. We know that for many, especially children, the elderly, or individuals with hard-to-locate veins, giving a blood sample can be stressful. Multiple pricks, long wait times, and discomfort can turn a […]

Introduction Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide, with nearly 80% of the global population exposed by the age of 501. While the immune system clears most HPV infections (within 1 to 2 years), persistent infection can be hazardous to health2,3. There are over 200 known subtypes of HPV that […]

Introduction Influenza B is one of the primary types of influenza viruses responsible for seasonal flu outbreaks across the globe1. Among the estimated 1 billion cases of influenza that occur annually, influenza B contributes significantly, more commonly in children and adolescents, however, it can affect all age groups1,2. Although less prevalent than influenza A, influenza […]

Introduction Pneumonia is a broad term that refers to lung infections caused by various organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi1. Normally, the lungs contain tiny air sacs called alveoli that fill with air during breathing. In pneumonia, these alveoli become inflamed and filled with pus and fluid. This makes breathing difficult and reduces oxygen intake2. […]

Introduction In India, an estimated 77 million adults are currently living with type 2 diabetes (T2DM)1. In many cases, lifestyle interventions such as diet modification and regular physical activity are sufficient in the early stages of T2DM. However, as the condition progresses, additional treatments may be needed to improve insulin sensitivity or enhance insulin secretion […]

Introduction Good nutrition plays a crucial role in helping the body recover from any illness, and pneumonia is no exception1,2. Studies2,3,4 show that undernutrition in children can significantly increase the risk of contracting pneumonia and worsen its outcomes, as a weakened immune system makes them more vulnerable to respiratory infections. Pneumonia can spread through droplets, […]