Glibenclamide / Glyburide
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Molecule Description
Glibenclamide is an antidiabetic medicine that belongs to the Sulfonylurea group. It reduces high blood sugar level in the body. It mainly prevents postprandial blood sugar (blood sugar measured 2 hours after food). This medicine is given in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Uses
Glibenclamide is used as an anti-diabetic medicine for Type 2 diabetes in adults.
Contraindications
When should one not use Glibenclamide / Glyburide
- If you have any allergic reactions to Glibenclamide
- If you are suffering from Type 1 diabetes or ketoacidosis (caused by excessively high blood sugars in people with Type 1 diabetes)
- If you have reduced consciousness or you are going to have any surgery
- If you are suffering from severe kidney disease or any severe infections
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- Low blood glucose levels causing fainting, sweating, and giddiness
- Headache
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Increase in appetite
- Allergic skin reactions
- Anemia
- Weight gain
- Elevation of liver enzyme levels
- Water retention
- Jaundice is rare
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- Suffer from severe kidney disease or liver problems
- Suffering from ketoacidosis (caused by excessively high blood sugars in people with diabetes)
- Suffering from a severe infection
- Suffering from stress or from any condition likely to make controlling your blood sugar difficult
- If you have undergone any surgeries
- If you have porphyria (a disease of blood proteins affecting the skin, gut and nervous system)
- If you have intolerance to some sugars
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
In diabetes mellitus, either there is a deficiency in insulin secretion from the pancreas, or there is resistance to its action at the cellular level, sometimes even both. Glibenclamide increases insulin secretion from beta cells of the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels.
Interactions
Interactions with other medicines
- Medicines used to treat depression (like Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors [MAOIs])
- Medicines used to reduce cholesterol (like Clofibrate)
- Medicines used to treat bacterial infections (like Chloramphenicol, Sulphonamides, and Tetracyclines)
- Medicines used to treat fungal infections (e.g., Miconazole)
- Medicines used to treat gout (like Sulfinpyrazone)
- Oral contraceptives
- Medicines used to reduce pain and inflammation (like Aspirin, other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
- Blood thinner (like Warfarin)
- Medicines used to treat an underactive thyroid gland
Interactions with food items
It is advised to follow a strict diabetic diet and exercise regimen to improve the overall control of the disease further. Avoid alcohol.
Dosage
Overdose
Inform your doctor immediately in case of overdose. Your blood sugar levels have likely gone too low in the event of an overdose. Quickly consume some sugar or sugar-containing drinks and report to the emergency medical care unit.
Missed a Dose
If you missed any dose of medicine, take it as soon as you remember. If it's time for your next dose, then skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose of medicine to compensate for the missed one.
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