Carboplatin

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Molecule Description

Carboplatin is different from other Cisplatin medicine. It contains a Bidentate Dicarboxylate (two atoms that coordinate directly to the central atom), instead of two Chloride Ligands. It is lower in reactivity and takes time to bind to the DNA. The slow cohesion allows the drug to remain in the body for more extended periods.

Uses

Treat ovarian cancer
Treat testicular cancer, head and neck cancer, cervix cancer, small cell lung cancer, progressive diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma, neuroblastoma (cancer that forms at specific types of nerve tissues)

Contraindications

When should one not use Carboplatin

Allergic reaction to platinum-based medicineIf you have kidney disease
Patients who have severe bleeding issues
If you have a tumour that bleeds
If you plan to receive a yellow fever vaccination or have just received one

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Hair loss
Bleeding
Stomach pain and cramp
Itchy and rashes on the skin
Feeling dizzy
Breathlessness
Pain in the back and chest
Shivering
Feeling flushed or hot
Sore lips or mouth ulcers
Anemia (decreased number of red blood cells)
Thrombocytopenia (decreased platelet count)
Neutropenia (decreased neutrophil count)
Abnormal liver enzyme levels
Decrease in the level of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in your blood
Nephrotoxic (damaging to kidneys) - Lesser nephrotoxic side effects as compared to other forms of chemotherapy
WBC count will dip drastically; this leads to common issues such as fever or infections. The latter’s symptoms include sore throats, diarrhea, cough and shivers

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

This medicine is not recommended to use during pregnancy.

Breast Feeding

This medicine should not be administered to the women who are lactating or breastfeeding.

Driving

Do not drive if you experience any side effect, which may reduce your ability to do so, such as nausea, vomiting, worsening of eyesight, or changes to your vision and hearing.

Alcohol

The interaction with alcohol is unknown, but a consultation with a doctor is advisable.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

If you notice a decrease in sensation and numbness, it is a part of the treatment
If you have any form of an allergic reaction to platinum-based formulation, avoid taking Carboplatin
Do not take any vaccine during treatment and consult your doctor before you do so
Make sure the patient discloses all information regarding the consumption of any other medicines to the doctor, especially over the counter medicines and anything that contains Aspirin

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

The drug works by binding with the strands of the cancer cell’s DNA. It damages the DNA and stops the cells from multiplying. Unfortunately, it also has the same effects on normal healthy cells, which may result in side effects.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

Severe interactions with Clozapine and live vaccines
Milder interactions with Vancomycin and Atorvastatin
Aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., Gentamicin, Neomycin)
Amphotericin B
Anti-seizure medications (hydantoins such as Phenytoin)
Water pills (loop diuretics such as Bumetanide, Furosemide)
Nalidixic acid
Blood-thinning medicines e.g., Warfarin
Other medicines which decrease the activity of the immune system (e.g.Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus)

Interactions with food items

There are no known food interactions available for this medicine, but you must consult your doctor.

Dietary Restrictions

It has diet restrictions, but it is advised to drink ample amounts of fluid.

Dosage

Overdose

The symptoms of overdose include difficulty in breathing, and the patient might collapse, contact a doctor immediately in case of such an event.

Missed a Dose

It is important to receive each scheduled dose of this medicine as directed. If you miss a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist right away to establish a new dosage schedule.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

A formula called Calvert’s formula is used to calculate the dosage for every individual, which factors in the creatine clearance and the desired area under the curve.

You are supposed to consume at least two to three quarts of fluid every 24 hours during treatment.

It was discovered at Michigan State University and developed in The ICR, London. It was approved for usage and sales in 1989. In 2004, various versions of the drugs was made available for public usage.

Each dosage takes around 15-60 minutes to be given through injection. The duration of your treatment is dependent on the severity of your condition.

Yes, you should under no circumstance conceive during treatment as it can be fatal for the foetus.

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