Sitagliptin
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Molecule Summary
| Uses | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| Therapy | Anti-Diabetic |
| Side Effects | Nausea, Headache, Muscle Pain, Rashes |
Assurance
available
Regulated
Molecule Description
Sitagliptin is an antidiabetic medicine that can inhibit an enzyme called DPP4 which is necessary for the metabolism of glucose and insulin.
Uses
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Contraindications
When should one not use Sitagliptin
- Do not take Sitagliptin if you have-
- Type I diabetes mellitus
- Allergic reaction to Sitagliptin
- Any severe infection
- Diabetic coma
Side effects
Common side effects of this drug are:
- Stuffed or runny nose
- Sore throat
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea, vomiting
- Joint pain
- Pancreatitis (severe stomach pain, nausea, vomiting) (serious side effect)
- Constipation
- Itching, rash
- Swelling of hands or legs
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Driving
Alcohol
Other General Warnings
Talk to your doctor if
- An allergic reaction to Sitagliptin
- Kidney disease
- Gallstones
- Pancreatitis (swelling of pancreas)
- Rapid weight loss
- Alcoholism or very high levels of triglycerides (a form of fat) in your blood
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Mode of Action
How Does It Work?
Sitagliptin is used to lower blood sugar levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes (condition in which blood sugar is too high because the body does not produce or use insulin usually). It increases insulin synthesis by the pancreas, thereby reducing glucose levels. It also decreases glucagon levels, which is a counter-hormone of insulin, thus further reducing blood sugar levels.
Interactions
Interactions with other medicines
There can be an increased risk of fall in sugar levels when used in combination with Sulfonylureas (Glimepiride) or insulin. Ensure you talk to your doctor about any other drugs you might be taking.
Dosage
Overdose
You may experience slow, fast or irregular heartbeats, fainting, difficulty in breathing, dizziness, confusion, increased sweating and tremors due to sudden decrease in the blood sugar levels. Immediately consume some sugar/ glucose drink or eat a chocolate and call for emergency medical help.
Missed a Dose
If you missed any dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose of medicine to compensate for a missed one. Taking double doses can be harmful as it can drop the glucose level strictly.
Articles
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References:
- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2006-. Sitagliptin. [Updated 2019 Feb 7].
- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2006-. Sitagliptin. [Updated 2019 Feb 7].
- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2006-. Sitagliptin. [Updated 2019 Feb 7].
- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2006-. Sitagliptin. [Updated 2019 Feb 7].
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