Markon Respirometer Respiratory Exerciser 1

Introduction Did you know that almost 99% of the world’s population breathes air that is polluted enough to harm their health1? This widespread exposure to unsafe air has made air pollution one of the most urgent global health challenges of our time. Within this broader crisis, smog has emerged as one of the most visible […]

Introduction Diabetes continues to be a major public health concern in India. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that around 77 million adults are presently living with type 2 diabetes and nearly 25 million are classified as prediabetic. The situation is further alarming, with over half of these individuals remaining unaware […]

Introduction Blocked nose is when there is difficulty in breathing through the nose. It can happen due to an obstruction in the nasal passage or more commonly due to swelling in the lining of the nose (occurring due to several reasons). Blocked nose can be very distressing as it can interfere with breathing. In babies, […]

Introduction Vomiting, in medical terms, is the forceful throwing out of harmful and irritating components from the gut. This happens by the contraction of the walls of stomach, leading to the back flow of contents of the stomach to the food pipe, finally coming out through the mouth. It is a very common issue, especially when it comes […]

Introduction One of the most common nutritional deficiencies observed in otherwise healthy, growing children is vitamin D deficiency1. A multicentre study across six Indian states involving over 2,500 children (5 to 18 years) found that only 36.8% showed sufficient levels of vitamin D2. Despite India’s abundant sunlight, this deficiency remains highly prevalent and can significantly affect bone health […]

Introduction It is natural for parents to feel anxious when their baby passes frequent watery stools. However, loose motion (diarrhoea) is quite common in infants and young children and, in most cases, is not a cause for serious concern. It often occurs due to mild infections or dietary changes1. Note that with the right care, most babies recover quickly at […]

Introduction As a parent, noticing white patches inside your baby’s mouth can be bothersome, but don’t worry! In most cases, it is just a fungal infection known as oral thrush, which is quite common and manageable1. Oral thrush happens when the delicate balance of microorganisms in their mouth is disrupted, allowing the Candida (yeast) to grow more than it should. The good news? With gentle care and a few safe home remedies (and […]

Introduction If your little one cries for hours despite being fed, changed, and cuddled, you are not alone. Many parents experience this in the first few months of their baby’s life. It can be confusing and exhausting, especially when nothing seems to calm your baby down. The good news is that this phase is temporary and usually resolves […]

Introduction Sometimes your little one’s sleep pattern may seem unpredictable. Despite the late-night rocking and the endless lullabies, your baby just wouldn’t sleep through the night, leaving you stressed and exhausted. You know this is temporary, and you’re living with the hope that soon your child would finally sleep long enough, but the current phase seems endless! Well, research shows that sleep patterns in infants and young children vary widely across ages, with newborns sleeping in short stretches and older […]

Introduction During the first few months of life, babies go through rapid changes in feeding and digestion, affecting their stool pattern and colour. While yellow or light brown stool is most common, green coloured poop may also occur. A large study following over 1,000 healthy infants found that nearly half experienced green-coloured stools at some point within the first 17 weeks, regardless of whether they were breastfed or formula-fed1. Often […]

Introduction Did you know that approximately 10% of the world’s population suffers from kidney disease1? Your kidneys are mainly responsible for filtering out extra water and waste out of your body. Kidney disease commonly occurs when your kidneys do not filter blood indicating signs of kidney damage2. So, how can your diet help to manage […]

Introduction Did you know that approximately 35% of individuals over 70 years of age are affected with some stage of chronic kidney disease1? Chronic kidney disease is a gradual loss of kidney function which can often lead to kidney failure, if left untreated2. If you are facing symptoms such as tiredness, swelling in your body, […]

Introduction Our kidneys play a significant role in filtering waste and excess fluids from the body. But when their function is affected for a long period of time, it results in a condition known as Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)1. CKD is found to affect about 13.4% of individuals across the world. What makes these statistics […]

Introduction Kidney cancer is becoming more common worldwide, with about 400,000 new cases each year and nearly 175,000 deaths1. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located on either side of the vertebral column, in the back side of abdominal wall, with the right kidney placed slightly lower than the left due to the presence of […]

Introduction Acute heart failure is a sudden and potentially life-threatening condition1. It is one of the leading causes of hospitalisation among adults over the age of 65, with millions of cases diagnosed each year1,2. Despite how frequently doctors encounter it, each case of acute heart failure is unique, and outcomes can vary widely from person […]

Introduction Diabetes is a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels, making it important to carefully monitor sugar and carbohydrate intake. Therefore, managing diabetes is a lot about making smart food choices. Though it is suggested that individuals with diabetes avoid all forms of sweet and sugary foods, that may not always be possible. So, […]

Introduction Intermittent fasting, also known as intermittent energy restriction, involves limiting food intake to specific time windows or abstaining from eating for set periods. It has gained popularity for its potential benefits, including weight loss, improved cardiovascular health, and even the potential to reverse type 2 diabetes1,2. However, you may wonder, is intermittent fasting good […]

Introduction Kidney stones are a common and painful problem that many people face. The pain can be sudden and intense, often starting in the lower back or side and moving toward the groin. For some, it can be so severe that they need to visit the hospital1. Other kidney stone symptoms may include nausea, blood […]

Introduction Kidney stones are hard mineral and salt deposits that form in the kidneys and can travel through the urinary tract. They often cause intense pain, especially when they block the flow of urine or move through narrow passages like the ureter. While some stones may pass naturally in sometime with fluids, others can become […]

Introduction A urinary tract infection (UTI) is the multiplication and proliferation of bacteria in the urinary tract. It can occur in any part of the tract like urethra(urethritis), bladder (cystitis), prostate (in males) (prostatitis) and even spread to the kidneys (pyelonephritis). UTIs are one of the most common infectious disease world-wide in community as well […]