Adenosine

Uses	AV node arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat), testing for coronary artery disease, stress test.
Therapy	Anti-Arrhythmic
Side Effects	Lightheadedness, headaches, sweating, dizziness, nausea, laboured breathing, chest pain, low blood pressure.

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Molecule Description

Adenosine belongs to the antiarrhythmic class of medications (medications that are used to prevent and treat abnormal heartbeats - arrhythmias).

Uses

Adenosine is used for:
Normalising irregular beating of the heart (supraventricular tachycardia).
Evaluate the severity of coronary artery disease
Stress test

Contraindications

When should one not use Adenosine

Adenosine is not administered in:
Known allergy to Adenosine (rare)
Severe AV block disease (2nd/ 3rd degree) - electrical signals controlling your heart are partially or completely blocked
Sinus node disease (sinus node of the heart does not function properly to transmit electrical impulses needed to keep your heart beating)
In asthmatic patients, as it may cause further respiratory depression (irregular breathing, difficulty breathing)

Side effects

Common side effects of this drug are:

Adenosine can cause side effects like:
Dizziness
Nausea
Lightheadedness
Headaches
Chest pain
Sweating
Low blood pressure
Laboured breathing

Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy

No, Adenosine cannot be administered during pregnancy as limited data trials on animals have shown harmful effects on the foetus. Talk to your physician if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy while taking this medication.

Breast Feeding

Maybe, Adenosine is present naturally in the body. For therapeutic use in larger doses you should consult your physician whether you can breastfeed while taking this medication when absolutely necessary.

Driving

No, it is advised not to drive or operate any type of heavy machinery after taking Adenosine as it may cause side-effects like dizziness, lightheadedness, low blood pressure and headache.

Alcohol

No, it is not advised to consume alcohol when you have taken Adenosine as it can increase the severity of side-effects like lightheadedness, headaches, dizziness and nausea.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

If you develop an allergy or discomfort after taking Adenosine inj
If you feel the side effects are severe and do not go away after sometime
If you develop any other medical issues after taking Adenosine inj

Mode of Action

How Does It Work?

Adenosine is also present naturally in the cells of our body. It is given by intravenous route (within the veins), and acts on certain receptors of the heart. It acts by influencing the inflow and outflow of potassium and sodium across the cells thus, disturbing the long resting phase of the heart cells. Adenosine slows the conduction of the heartbeat by blocking electrical impulses, thus helping to normalise irregular beating of the heart.

Interactions

Interactions with other medicines

As Adenosine is a naturally occurring substance in the body, medication interactions and adverse effects are few.
Dipyridamole (a blood thinner) along with Adenosine - increases the effect of Adenosine
Carbamazepine (an anti-seizure medicine) increases risk of heart block

Interactions with food items

It is advised not to consume anything containing caffeine like tea, coffee or too much chocolate at least 12 hours prior to the administration of the medicine as it decreases its efficacy.

Dosage

Overdose

Overdose is a rare possibility with Adenosine as it is stored only at clinics/hospitals and administered by a medical professional after thorough medical evaluation of the patient. Adenosine overdose may cause low blood pressure, very slow heart rate, heart attack. Any such reported cases should be handled with medical expertise and care.

Missed a Dose

Inform your physician if you are going to miss your schedule of Adenosine which can be later rescheduled as per your condition.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Yes, clinical studies suggest lowering of blood pressure after administration of Adenosine.

Anything containing caffeine including tea, coffee or chocolate should be avoided before administration of Adenosine inj as it may lower its efficacy to some extent.

No, it may cause lightheadedness immediately after administration but does not affect sleep in the long run.

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