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Introduction The nasal airway plays a vital role in both breathing and smell. In addition to allowing respiration, the nose and sinuses (air-filled spaces around the nose) help condition inhaled air by humidifying and filtering it, while also trapping harmful particles1. This natural defence system is especially important in newborns, who rely mainly on nasal […]

Introduction The normal temperature for babies is usually around 36 to 37°C (96.8 to 98.6°F) and may rise higher, causing a fever which can be due to infections or illnesses. Fever is one of the most common reasons parents seek medical advice for their children, whether during routine visits or emergency consultations1. It is natural […]

Introduction Blue Baby Syndrome is a condition where an infant’s skin, lips, or nails appear bluish because the blood cannot carry enough oxygen. This can happen from birth (congenital) or develop later (acquired) in life. In this condition, haemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying part of red blood cells) gets converted into methaemoglobin, which cannot deliver oxygen efficiently […]

Introduction Achyranthes aspera is a perennial herb widely found in tropical regions and has been traditionally valued for its various uses in different cultural practices. Common names for the plant include chaff flower, prickly chaff flower, and devil’s horsewhip. All parts of the plant, roots, seeds, leaves, flowers, and fruits, have traditionally been used for […]

Introduction Yoga is an ancient practice that combines gentle movements, breathing exercises, and mindfulness to enhance both physical and mental well-being1,2. For kids, this ancient practice can be a fun and playful way to stay active. Practising yoga regularly helps children improve their flexibility, balance, and coordination. Beyond the physical benefits of yoga for kids, […]

Introduction Bed bug bites happen when reddish, tiny, and flat insects, called bed bugs, come out at night and feed on your blood while you are sleeping. This can cause skin irritation, make you scratch, and disturb your sleep1. Bed bug bites are becoming a growing problem worldwide. Although the rates of bed bug infestation […]

Introduction Acute heart failure is a sudden and potentially life-threatening condition1. It is one of the leading causes of hospitalisation among adults over the age of 65, with millions of cases diagnosed each year1,2. Despite how frequently doctors encounter it, each case of acute heart failure is unique, and outcomes can vary widely from person […]

Introduction Diabetes is a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels, making it important to carefully monitor sugar and carbohydrate intake. Therefore, managing diabetes is a lot about making smart food choices. Though it is suggested that individuals with diabetes avoid all forms of sweet and sugary foods, that may not always be possible. So, […]

Introduction Intermittent fasting, also known as intermittent energy restriction, involves limiting food intake to specific time windows or abstaining from eating for set periods. It has gained popularity for its potential benefits, including weight loss, improved cardiovascular health, and even the potential to reverse type 2 diabetes1,2. However, you may wonder, is intermittent fasting good […]

Introduction Kidney stones are a common and painful problem that many people face. The pain can be sudden and intense, often starting in the lower back or side and moving toward the groin. For some, it can be so severe that they need to visit the hospital1. Other kidney stone symptoms may include nausea, blood […]

Introduction Kidney stones are hard mineral and salt deposits that form in the kidneys and can travel through the urinary tract. They often cause intense pain, especially when they block the flow of urine or move through narrow passages like the ureter. While some stones may pass naturally in sometime with fluids, others can become […]

Introduction A urinary tract infection (UTI) is the multiplication and proliferation of bacteria in the urinary tract. It can occur in any part of the tract like urethra(urethritis), bladder (cystitis), prostate (in males) (prostatitis) and even spread to the kidneys (pyelonephritis). UTIs are one of the most common infectious disease world-wide in community as well […]

Introduction As you may already know, the heart is one of the most important organs in the body. It helps supply and circulate blood to all parts of the body and is central to human survival. Just like how sometimes we get a throat infection or a stomach bug, did you know that the heart […]

Introduction When we run, see a puppy wiggle its tail towards us, get a heartfelt compliment or even see a gift-wrapped box addressed to us, we can feel our chest thumping loudly. This is our heart beating tirelessly to keep us alive. The heart is a hard-working vital organ that works at pumping blood that […]

Introduction Patent Ductus Arteriosus is a condition where the communication between the two main blood vessels leading from the heart does not close after birth. The ductus arteriosus, or the opening, is the normal part of a child’s circulatory system when the child is inside the womb, which closes right after birth. But if it […]

Introduction The blood inside our body is free-flowing. It travels through our blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) to supply oxygen and nutrients to every corner of our body. Apart from this, cells in the blood actively work to protect you from physical harm as well, by forming blood clots when needed. These clots can […]