Prolapsed Haemorrhoids – Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
By Dr. Mayuri Pandey +2 more
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By Dr. Mayuri Pandey +2 more
Table of Contents
Haemorrhoids are enlarged, swollen veins in the area of your anal opening or lower rectum. A haemorrhoid becomes prolapsed when the veins bulge (or prolapse) out of the anal opening. This causes the tissue that holds it in place to become weakened and prone to injury.
Based on the location, a prolapsed haemorrhoid can either be internal or external. Haemorrhoids that form inside the rectum and the lining of the anal opening are known as internal haemorrhoids. The external haemorrhoid develops under the skin on the anal opening. The commonly asked questions include ‘Are prolapsed haemorrhoids dangerous’ ‘Are prolapsed haemorrhoids permanent’, ‘How long do prolapse haemorrhoids last?’ and ‘Do prolapsed haemorrhoids go away?’ Let us find out all you need to know about prolapsed haemorrhoids.2-4
Types of haemorrhoids – Internal haemorrhoids, External haemorrhoids and Prolapsed haemorrhoids
Prolapsed haemorrhoids are more commonly seen in the age group of 45-65 years. It occurs more during pregnancy, strenuous activities, and advancing age.2 ‘Rectal prolapse’ is a similar condition wherein the entire rectum protrudes through the anal canal.5 Your doctor will be able to differentiate a rectal prolapse vs haemorrhoids.6 It plays a significant role in the quality of life, despite a high prevalence and low morbidity.
Around 40% of haemorrhoids are painless and asymptomatic. Pain is more common with external haemorrhoids (thrombosed prolapsed haemorrhoids) than internal haemorrhoids. The most commonly noticed prolapsed haemorrhoids symptoms include2:
If you are facing any of these symptoms, seek medical attention without delay.
Commonly noticed symptoms in patients with haemorrhoids
Grade 1: Haemorrhoids are usually small and painless inflammations that stay inside the anal opening lining. Minor amounts of blood may be noticed after a bowel movement.
Grade 2: The anal opening is also affected, and the swelling is larger than in Grade 1. Haemorrhoids may be pushed out of the stool when they pass it, but they usually return to their place later.
Grade 3: (Prolapsed Haemorrhoids): These develop outside the anal opening. The individual might sense them outside. They need to be physically pushed back with one’s fingertips.
Grade 4: These haemorrhoids prolapse; they constantly protrude and will fall out again even when forced back into the rectum. Bleeding may or may not be present. If a clot forms or if the prolapsed haemorrhoids are strangled by the anal opening, they may be painful.
The classification of haemorrhoids into 4 grades
When a vein in your anus or lower rectum swells, it’s called a hemorrhoid. A hemorrhoid that bulges outward from the anus is known as a prolapsed hemorrhoid, and it can be quite painfulA surgical staple fixes the prolapsed hemorrhoid back into place inside your rectum and cuts off the blood supply so that the tissue will shrink and be reabsorbed.
Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD
Prolapsed haemorrhoid causes for development.
I have seen patients who commonly start working pretty quickly after a hemorrhoidectomy, but patients usually neglect the instructions for precautions like avoidance of straining for stools, lifting heavy weights and performing strenuous activity.
Dr. Ashish Bajaj, M.B.B.S., M.D.
The most common complications of prolapsed haemorrhoids include3:
Haemorrhoids are frequently diagnosed by your doctor based on your medical history and a physical examination.8
A doctor will take your complete medical history and examine the region around your anal opening to see if you have external haemorrhoids. He will also perform a rectal exam using his fingers and maybe perform procedures to check your rectal and anal opening to identify internal haemorrhoids.
Anoscopy and rigid procto-sigmoidoscopy are two of the procedures performed to examine the anal canal and the lower intestine and rectum, respectively.8
Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment for haemorrhoids
Management of prolapsed haemorrhoids is usually by a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. The treatment options for prolapsed haemorrhoids depend on the type and grade of the haemorrhoid. Diet and lifestyle modifications and surgical and non-surgical methods may be employed to treat prolapsed haemorrhoids.
Prolapsed haemorrhoid treatment is by dietary and lifestyle modifications as a preventive approach. The recommendations often include boosting dietary fibre and oral fluid intake, regular exercise, abstaining from straining while using the restroom, and avoiding medications that can cause constipation or diarrhoea. Studies have shown that a fibre supplement consistently reduces symptom severity. However, a proper consultation is a must prior to any type of treatment of haemorrhoid.9
Low-grade haemorrhoids can be easily treated non-surgically (Grade I-II and some cases of Grade III). These procedures do not require an additional hospital stay. Prolapsed haemorrhoids treatment without surgery can be done by: 9
Prolapsed haemorrhoid surgery, as done by a surgeon /proctologist, can be of the following types: 9,10
Read more: What is the Cost of Piles Surgery in India?
Prolapsed haemorrhoid pregnancy is most reported in the 3rd trimester. The treatments include dietary and lifestyle changes, Prolapsed haemorrhoid symptoms in pregnancy may be lessened by performing kegel exercises, lying on the left side, and avoiding constipation. It is best to seek treatment if you suspect haemorrhoids during pregnancy.
A number of over-the-counter and prescription medications may be helpful. These prescription medications that may help include pills, suppositories, creams, and wipes. However, prolapsed haemorrhoid relief needs medications along with other interventions.
It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before using any of the available medications. Only a qualified surgeon can determine the best treatment plan for your specific case of haemorrhoids.
Piles that prolapse or bulge out of the anal opening, such that it cannot be pushed back, are termed prolapsed haemorrhoids. Prolapsed haemorrhoids can be internal or external.
A number of medications, diet, and lifestyle modifications are available for mild cases of haemorrhoids. Prolapsed haemorrhoids usually require surgical intervention.
Haemorrhoids can prolapse if left untreated or subjected to extremely high pressure.
Prolapsed haemorrhoids are treatable with proper dietary and lifestyle changes along with surgical or non-surgical management.
Non-surgical methods include rubber band ligation, infrared coagulation, and injection sclerotherapy. Invasive methods include haemorrhoidectomy, doppler-guided haemorrhoidal artery ligation, stapled haemorrhoidopexy and laser.
Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.
References:
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