Why Do We Have Wisdom Teeth? Unraveling the Mystery with Science
By Dr. Aastha Manchanda +2 more
Medically reviewed by Dr. Aastha Manchanda
Last updated: Apr 18, 2024Click to rate this article!
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By Dr. Aastha Manchanda +2 more
Medically reviewed by Dr. Aastha Manchanda
Last updated: Apr 18, 2024Table of Contents
Wisdom teeth have long captivated researchers, dentists, and everyday people alike. Although these teeth often cause more harm than good, they continue to grow in most of us. In this article, we will explore the scientific reasons behind the existence of wisdom teeth, the evolution of human jaws and diets, potential issues arising from wisdom teeth, and the ongoing debate surrounding their removal. Lastly, we will answer some frequently asked questions regarding this topic.
Below we will discuss how the wisdom teeth served our ancestors and how dietary habits played a part. Further, we’ll see how changes in the human jaw have made wisdom teeth less useful.
In the age of early humans, wisdom teeth were quite handy. They were big and strong, perfect for grinding hard, uncooked food.
Raw meats, nuts, roots, berries, and leaves were the diet of early humans which was tough and rough. Heavy-duty teeth, including wisdom teeth, were needed to handle such robust meals.
Wide jaws in early humans made room for all the large teeth. Your wisdom teeth were a big help in getting enough nutrients from such foods.
As we evolved as a species, so did our jaws. Changes in our diet and tools for food consumption have played a part.
Experts say that our jaws are smaller than they used to be. This is due to softer diets, which have made strong jaw muscles less vital.
Our jaws have had an easier job with the advent of food processing. Chopping, cooking, and other prep methods have reduced the need for powerful jaws and large molars like wisdom teeth.
To my knowledge, wisdom teeth were required to grind the hard nuts, rough meats, and uncooked vegetables that made up our ancestors’ diet in the prehistoric era to facilitate appropriate digestion. We no longer require wisdom teeth because of contemporary food preparation and eating equipment.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D
In this section, we will be discussing wisdom teeth growth, potential issues, and the importance of dental checkups.
Everyone has a unique dental development pattern. Still, experts have identified a usual age range for wisdom teeth emergence.
Most people will likely see their wisdom teeth show up between 17-25 years of age. The name “wisdom” was given due to the mature age of arrival.
Some people never experience wisdom teeth eruption. Factors like genetics can play a part in this. However, this doesn’t indicate anything and doesn’t impact chewing abilities either.
This is the term used when wisdom teeth don’t break the surface or erupt properly.
A wisdom tooth resembles any other molar tooth in appearance. Some teeth have four roots, but most only have two or three. Each person’s roots may have a different shape. Frequently, the roots unite to form what seems to be a single, large, cone-shaped root.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Lack of space in the jaw or blockage from other teeth can result in impacted wisdom teeth. This issue can lead to a slew of problems like infections, gum swelling, and tooth decay to name a few.
Remember, regular dental check-ups are vital. Especially if you notice any pain, swelling or discomfort relating to your wisdom teeth area, it’s time to see the dentist.
The most popular procedure is the extraction of wisdom teeth. This operation is typically performed by a dentist or oral surgeon. I recommend that once you experience pain and uneasiness, consult your dentist.
Dr. Smita barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Let’s get into the common issues that appear with wisdom teeth eruption, from inflammation and infection to misalignment.
Wisdom teeth, particularly impacted ones, can cause many infections, some more severe than others.
This mouthful word is a type of infection you can get when wisdom teeth start coming out. The area around the emerging tooth becomes painful and swollen due to a bacteria build-up.
Your doctor may prescribe you antibiotics if an infection comes about. Severe cases might need surgical intervention to avoid future issues.
Your wisdom teeth can exert pressure on the rest of your teeth. This pressure can cause misalignments and other dental problems.
Our bodies underwent a few evolutionary adaptations as we adapted to these nutritional shifts. Our jaws shrank, for instance. This explains why so many people’s mouths are too small for the wisdom teeth to erupt.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D
Wisdom teeth pushing against other teeth could be the reason for it. Sometimes, orthodontic intervention might be necessary to fix this issue.
Although not common, cysts and tumours can form with impacted wisdom teeth. This condition might put your oral health at risk.
These cysts or tumours grow within the tooth structure. That’s bad news for nearby teeth, nerves, and bones inside the mouth.
In the case of cysts and tumours, an early management plan is crucial. It is better to catch them early with frequent dental check-ups.
How and when to get your wisdom tooth removed is explained below.
Look out for certain signs that suggest you need your wisdom teeth removed. Persistent discomfort or harm caused to surrounding teeth or structures are some of these signs. Situations, when removal of wisdom teeth is warranted, are when there is persistent pain and swelling around wisdom teeth. Also, when the wisdom tooth is harming the neighbouring structures like gums, teeth, etc.
The steps involved in the extraction process are mentioned below.
Local anaesthesia is the most commonly used. For complex extractions, general anaesthesia or other options may come into play.
The way your wisdom tooth sits and how much it shows up can bring different methods into play. Sometimes, the practices may even include bone removal for safe extraction.
Post-extraction care is equally, if not more, crucial. Over-the-counter painkillers and ice packs are recommended plus maintaining oral hygiene and taking care of the wounds is important. It is to be noted that the mouth should be regularly rinsed with salt water and smoking, alcohol, and any food that can dislodge clots are to be avoided.
There is a debate over whether to remove or not remove the wisdom teeth. The pros and cons are discussed below.
Both extraction and non-extraction bring a mix of pros and cons. From reducing future issues to dealing with surgical side effects, there’s a lot to weigh.
Having them removed early even if there are no symptoms can dodge future dental troubles. However, it might expose you to needless risks and discomfort.
Not opting for removal might invite dental troubles down the line which makes the decision tough.
A professional voice in your decision-making can be helpful. Reach out to your dentist or oral surgeon for expert guidance. Following a discussion with them where your dental history is evaluated, a personal decision can be made by you.
Wisdom teeth represent a captivating element of human development and evolution. Despite their historical prominence among our ancestors, these third molars often contribute more to dental problems than they provide benefits. As we’ve discussed throughout this article, various indicators and factors must be examined when deciding whether or not to remove wisdom teeth, combining personal assessment with professional consultation.
Ultimately, the decision to extract these vestiges of the past is unique to each individual. With the assistance of science and modern medicine, this tricky decision becomes more manageable as we weigh the pros and cons of removing wisdom teeth.
Some individuals don’t develop wisdom teeth due to genetic factors or other circumstances that doesn’t allow their growth and eruption. This phenomenon may become more common in the future as human evolution progresses and wisdom teeth become unnecessary.
In some cases, dental professionals may recommend alternative options, like repairing a cavity or crevice near the wisdom tooth. However, surgical intervention is often the most effective method for managing severe wisdom teeth complications or avoiding future issues.
No, wisdom teeth cannot grow back once they’re removed. Extraction eliminates the potential for further tooth development in that area.
Wisdom teeth, particularly impacted ones, can lead to infections and inflammation, which may cause bad breath. Additionally, their hard-to-reach location makes them more prone to tooth decay or gum disease, both of which can cause unpleasant breath.
Professional dentists and oral surgeons can both remove wisdom teeth. However, more complicated procedures or extractions involving general anaesthesia may require specialized care from an oral surgeon. It’s essential to consult with your dentist to determine the best course of action for your situation.
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