With a steep drop in the number of Coronavirus cases across India, people have started to feel that the tragedy is finally over. But unfortunately, when we have started going out again, a new variant of the virus – Delta Plus – has emerged, posing a bigger threat to mankind.
The Delta Plus variant is the mutated version of the Delta variant, which was already spreading across India.
So far, India has recorded 49 cases of Delta+ variant across 12 states of the country. Maharashtra is once again the worst-hit state with the maximum number of cases. Notably, the Delta Plus variant has already broken into 85 countries across the world and is one of the biggest reasons behind the surge in infection in South Africa.
The Delta+ variant, also referred to as AY.1 is about 60% more contagious than the previous version – the Delta variant. It is more dangerous for the lungs of the patients as it binds even more easily with the lung cells.
The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has confirmed that there have been two graded mutations in the Delta variant, which already was the most dominant strain of coronavirus in India till date.
ICMR has also stated that these mutations have increased the transmission capability of the variant and now it will spread from one person to another even more quickly. These mutations have also made it much easier for the virus to get into the cells of a patient.
The biggest reason to be worried is that the experts of epidemiology and communicable diseases have claimed Delta Plus to be the most dangerous mutation of coronavirus till now.
The top virologists of the country have confirmed that the Delta Plus variant shows the symptoms of both, the delta variant and beta variant. Have a look at the symptoms:
The delta pus variant may also cause symptoms like nausea, stomach ache and loss of appetite.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has already notified the Delta variant of Coronavirus as a cause of concern for the world. WHO has also made it very clear that similar to the previous variants of COVID-19 infection, wearing a mask while going out and following the norms of social distancing are essential to prevent the Delta Plus variant of the virus.
Here are the measures you should take to prevent the Delta Plus variant from infecting you and your loved ones:
The important thing about delta plus variant is, it is 50% more contagious and faster spreading than other variants and it has a propensity for what is called a HYPERLOCAL outbreaks.
Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD
There are no sure-shot ways of treatment to treat Delta Plus variant infection as of yet. Usually, doctors use antibodies to treat this variant too. The best way to ensure the safety of your loved ones and yourself is to get vaccinated. As per the experts, none of the existing treatment courses have been found effective against this variant so far.
Although the delta variant is more contagious and spreads rapidly, it is rarely linked to severe infections in hospitalised patients, you may usually start showing symptoms within 4 days of getting infected with the delta variant of Covid
Dr. Ashish Bajaj, M.B.B.S., M.D.
With the Delta Plus variant spreading its wings across India, we once again find ourselves in an uncomfortable situation where we may have to face another lockdown, shortage of hospital beds, oxygen cylinders, life-saving medications and whatnot. If we really don’t want to repeat that horrible episode we saw about a month ago, we must ensure to follow all the protocols established by the government. Let’s pledge that this time, we would not let any of our loved ones die just because of our careless behaviour.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
The COVID-19 pandemic affected a vast number of people all over the world. As a result, various researchers and healthcare companies are working tirelessly to formulate effective vaccines that can immunize human bodies to fight against the virus.
The demand for vaccines is increasing day by day. Novavax is a biotechnology company based in Gaithersburg, Maryland. It has developed a protein vaccine with its genetically advanced engineering technology that takes a new approach to protect and give immunity against the COVID-19.
The Novavax vaccine involves a nanoparticle carrier that tricks the immune system to launch a response to fight off the virus from the body. Like the other vaccines, the Novavax vaccine has two doses. However, the time duration between the doses is just 21 days.
The Novavax vaccine contains a spike protein formula. The vaccine comprises a part of the genetic sequence of a virus that tricks the body’s immune system to fight against the COVID-19.
It also contains an essential adjuvant named Novavax Matrix B that increases the number of antibodies in the blood.
Novavax Inc. conducted clinical trials to determine the efficacy rate, safety and immunogenicity of the Novavax vaccine against the COVID-19. In January 2021, the company first announced the preliminary results of the trials. The vaccine showed promising efficacy during the trials in preventing the original COVID-19 virus and some other virus variants. The data shows the efficacy rate was 96.4% against COVID-19.
On June 14, 2021, the phase 3 clinical trials were completed by Novavax Inc, along with the U.S government, which involved 29,960 participants from different cities of the U.S. and Mexico. The results show the overall efficacy rate of the Novavax vaccine against the COVID-19 was around 90.4%.
The consistent data of the trial results were positive. They showed that it could also increase the body’s immunity to fight against the other variants of the coronavirus-like COVID delta variant. The vaccine shows good potential results against moderate as well as severe cases of COVID-19.
The phase 3 clinical trial further showed a significant success rate among high-risk groups like people above 65 years and comorbid patients. However, the vaccine showed a low efficacy rate against the South African variant of the virus with a rate of just 49%.
As per the recent announcement by Novavax Inc, after completing the phase 3 clinical trials of the vaccine, they are one step closer to meet the global demand for vaccines to fight against the COVID-19. Their Novavax vaccine is ready to be administered to an age group above 18 years. Moreover, the elderly patient with comorbidities is also eligible to take the Novavax vaccine.
As the U.S government does not yet approve the vaccine, Novavax Inc. is planning to file for emergency authorization in the third quarter of the year. However, the US FDA has suggested they file for full approval, as the emergency condition in the U.S has been controlled and three vaccines are already in use.
The US FDA has stated that other countries could get access to this vaccine before the U.S. This can prove highly beneficial for developing countries like India and other countries such as South Korea, etc.
Now, Novavax Inc. is testing their vaccine on the age group of 12-18 years. The trial has been conducted for this and around 2248 individuals have already participated in this trial. Novavax Inc. has announced that they will continue to work with a sense of urgency to complete the regulatory submissions and fulfil the demand for vaccines.
Novavax Inc. agreed with Serum Institute of India Private Limited to manufacture vaccines in India by technology transfer. In India, the vaccine produced by Serum Institute using Novavax vaccine technology is called Covovax.
As stated by the Serum Institute of India CEO, Mr Adar Poonawalla, the Novavax vaccine has great potential to prevent COVID-19 successfully. Furthermore, given the experience of the development of the malaria vaccine, they believe in the power of Novavax Inc. genetic technology.
To immunize the Indians with the Novavax vaccine to fight against the COVID-19, both the institutes combined and started conducting a trial in India.
The data generated by the trials show that this vaccine shows a high efficacy rate in increasing the body’s immunity to fight against COVID-19.
According to the latest vaccine news in India, The Novavax vaccine, marketed as Covovax in India may be available to the common people from September 2021.
Since the onset of the pandemic, the need for vaccines to address public health has been a significant matter of concern worldwide. As a result, several vaccines have been manufactured till now to fulfil the requirements.
The Novavax COVID-19 vaccine has shown high vaccine efficacy against the COVID-19 and is ready to address the global need.
Novavax vaccine has completed its phase 3 clinical trial with a consistent high efficacy rate in moderate and severe cases of COVID-19. In addition, the data coming from phase 3 clinical trials have shown success among the high-risk population like elderly people with comorbid conditions. Also, the Novavax vaccine could increase immunity against other variants like the COVID delta variant. The trials to test the Novavax vaccine on children between 12 – 18 years of age have already begun in some countries of the world.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
COVID-19 has turned people’s attention more towards their health. However, there were some aspects like smoking that people were unaware of while taking care of themselves. Some conflicting articles speculated on the smoker’s risk of COVID-19.
In addition, some even highlighted the risk of smoking in this pandemic. Initially, WHO reported that smoking amplifies the risk of contracting COVID-19. However, instead of all these contradictions, the researchers are still busy finding the conclusion to this evidence.
Data from 6,717 suggests that, Adults who received hospital care for COVID-19, researchers found adults who used tobacco or electronic cigarettes were more likely to experience severe complications compared to non-smokers. Based on these data, they found adults who smoked had a 15% greater chance of requiring mechanical ventilation and a 41% greater chance of death compared to non-smokers.
Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD
Smoking increases health hazards during the pandemic. There were many warnings by the medical teams about how smoking and COVID-19 are related. But, people considered smoking for coping with the mechanism of stress, pandemic anxiety and the lockdown. They found mental peace in smoking.
But, many of them were unaware of the fact that smoking increases the risk of COVID-19. As a result, in fear of the COVID-19, many people have quit smoking, while some are still unable to process the fact that it might kill them.
Health should be the topmost priority for everyone. So, the Indian medical experts were propagating the ill effects of smoking on people’s health. Even teenagers these days are addicted to smoking or vaping. So, it’s essential to understand the smoker’s risk of COVID-19.
It is a significant concern in the country as teenagers fail to understand the dangers associated with smoking. The TCH present in vapes and cigarettes is hazardous and can cause fatal lung disease.
Read more about Vaping: Meaning, Risks and Truths You Must Know
Studies show that smokers are more vulnerable to the risk of contracting COVID-19. The Indian Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has issued some dangers of smoking and tobacco usage during the pandemic. Smokers can make 50% more susceptible to the virus than normal people with these risks:
One must understand the grave danger of the points mentioned above to understand the smoker’s risk of COVID-19.
Tobacco compromises lung function, and COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, evidence indicates that smokers are more likely to suffer more severe outcomes of COVID-19, such as admission into intensive care units and death, than never-smokers.
Dr. Ashish Bajaj – M.B.B.S, M.D.
Many of the people got restricted from going out of their houses. This stopped them from buying cigarettes, vapes or any tobacco products. Staying home makes it easier to quit smoking or tobacco.
Lockdowns also improved family support. They may prove to be of tremendous help to help people quit smoking. Family members help them to resist smoking and motivate them to get rid of this habit. Once you understand how smoking and lung functions are related and affect your health, it adds as a motivation to quit and opt for a better life.
People get adapted to smoking when they find it as a way to escape from reality. But, during the pandemic, these people took mental health support. The support team takes care of their mental health. Thus, people got detached from smoking or consuming tobacco.
Seeking professional help is always a good idea if you want to quit smoking. A psychiatrist can help you develop insight and set realistic goals to help you quit smoking easily. If you are a heavy smoker and unable to quit the habit by motivation alone, your doctor may prescribe you some medicines available in the form of chewable gums and patches for a given period of time and reduce the dose gradually to ease the process of quitting smoke. It is important to be honest with your doctor and continue the follow up and treatment as advised.
Also Read: Does Vaping Cause Cancer? Exploring The Health Implications
Read more about Does Vaping Cause Cancer? Exploring The Health Implications
Smoking has never been a health concern for many people. However, whether it is during the pandemic or not, smoking is always harmful to our health. Smoking not only increases the risks of infection for the smoker but passive smokers as well. Seek social support and stay connected with your family. Talking to people will help you lower the stress and anxiety in your mind.
Quitting smoke has always been a tough job for any person. In this case, it is necessary to set goals as to when to smoke. Keep decreasing the number of cigarettes day by day. Stop looking towards it as the only factor to keep you happy. Instead, look around and get addicted to some of your favourite hobbies. Keeping yourself busy in other activities will divert your mind from smoking and give you the will to be happy by yourself. We must take as many precautionary steps and try our best to avoid an increased risk of infection.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Indian monsoons usually bring respite from the summer heat but also bring a host of vector and water-borne diseases. With the rise of humidity and climate change, people become more prone to bacterial, viral and fungal infections. There is a looming fear of how these existing infections will play out during the monsoons. We also see a rise in the cases of COVID-19 in India.
Monsoons come and the number of air-borne diseases like the common flu, viral fever, cold and other water-borne infections increase. Many experts debate how COVID-19 and the rainy season will play out with the impending monsoons.
In 2020 and 21, there were speculations about how the monsoons will cause an increased spread of the virus. However, the experts have no conclusive proof of the monsoon effect on COVID-19. This year also, experts are unclear about how the curve of cases will be affected by the rains.
A few weapons we need to have to fight against COVID-19 today are vaccinations and masks, with other COVID-19 appropriate measures. However, the wet monsoons are sure to cause many of these difficulties in the subcontinent. We’ve got you a few handy tips and actions that are sure to provide monsoon COVID-19 protection:
Air-borne microbes like the common flu virus, the COVID-19 virus and others, affect the respiratory system. These air-borne infections are more common during the monsoon season, so protecting the immune system and strengthening our immunity is essential. Some home remedies that you can use to protect your respiratory system during the rainy season are:
Even though we have routed back to the normal way of living with schools and colleges opening up, we must not forget the appropriate Covid behaviour. At the same time, we must do our bit to provide the homeless and the vulnerable monsoon COVID-19 protection. As the country ramps up its vaccination drive to protect every Indian, we must take precautions daily to avoid COVID-19-related complications that can arise during monsoons. Following basic hygiene measures and COVID-19 safety protocol, we can surely tide over the monsoons safely.
Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.
A pandemic COVID-19, a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, is a major health concern worldwide. Even after the vaccine’s production, how long does immunity against the COVID-19 Vaccine last is evident among the masses?
Increased spreading of the virus with a high mortality rate, no ideal medicinal protocol and the emergence of several variants are still the most difficult tasks in managing the pandemic.
As several aspects of COVID-19 are still uncovered, research is still going on the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.
A Hope comes from the recent studies done in May 2021 that suggest the immunity from COVID-19 vaccines lasts at least a year, possibly a lifetime or may improve over time. Nothing can be claimed with full assurity as of now, this is a topic of ongoing research and we are getting newer updates and results every now and then.
In May 2021, two recent research studies were held that provided evidence that the immunity from the COVID-19 vaccine is long-lasting.
In the first study, blood samples of 77 mild COVID-19 patients were taken and the antibodies in the blood against the SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus) were noticed.
It is found that the antibodies in the blood declined rapidly in the first four months, then slowly degraded in 7 months, but even after 11 months, the antibodies were still detectable.
This study provides evidence that COVID-19 infection triggers the immune cells located in the bone marrow to keep a memory of coronavirus and can create protective antibodies when needed.
This evidence helps in believing the potential long-term immunity both from infection and vaccination.
Another study suggests that COVID-19 vaccines produce antibodies in the blood and initiate memory B cells cloning that provide immunity against the COVID-19. It also protects against the COVID-19 variants.
This study provides evidence that the vaccine not only produces antibodies in the blood but also increases the number of memory B cells and other white blood cells which are responsible to fight infection.
It memorizes the characteristics of any foreign body and triggers an immune response when the body encounters a similar foreign body again.
The data suggest that immunity in convalescent individuals will be very long-lasting. Also, the convalescent individuals who receive available mRNA vaccines will produce a good number of antibodies. These should be protecting against circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, as the researcher wrote.
Immunity is the ability of the body to kill and stop the spread of any foreign invader or pathogen (virus, bacteria or fungus).
It is of two types:
Innate Immunity is the body’s inborn capacity to fight against diseases and it is the body’s natural immunity – the first line of defence against any disease.
Adaptive Immunity is a learned response. The immune response developed in the body against the specific foreign body after the first encounter. Vaccines use this concept of immunity and prepare the body to fight against the disease one has been vaccinated for.
During vaccination of COVID-19, it induces immunity against COVID-19 by the production of antibodies specific to the COVID 19 virus.
These studies and their relevant evidence with a connection of bone marrow and immunity give hope in producing antibodies that may result in the body being able to fight against different variants of SARS-CoV-2 i.e Coronavirus.
The memory B cells that were found detectable in the studies even after 11 months might enhance the immunity from the COVID-19 vaccine and there will be no need for boosters.
With the help of these studies, scientists can now move in a definite direction to aim for, which will probably give the best immunity against the COVID-19 in masses.
Also Read: Immunity Boosting Foods for Kids: A Research-Based Guide to Healthier Nutrition
With recent research regarding COVID-19 and its vaccination, it has been seen that the result of the immunity from the COVID-19 vaccine will last longer than the months. The chances of prolonged immunization against the virus are high.
Antibodies against Covid 19 can be detected in your body for months and even if the antibody counts decline, there is no need to worry. Because your white blood cells keep a memory of the invader’s protein and multiply rapidly to produce more white blood cells and antibodies whenever a COVID 19 virus infects your body again. It is important to receive a full course of vaccination to achieve this kind of immunity.
It is also stated by researchers that even if you have recovered from a previous COVID 19 infection and your body has generated antibodies in the blood, you must get both doses of vaccination as recommended by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfares, India.
As vaccination provides more power to your body to fight various strains of COVID 19.
After being vaccinated, It is important to follow social distance, wear a mask and avoid crowded places. It is necessary to take precautionary measures not to get infected in the first place.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
With the pandemic well into the second wave, COVID-19 in India seemingly still has a stronghold over the country. While the COVID-19 is foremost on everyone’s mind during these times, it is important not to neglect other areas of your health. To address this situation, PharmEasy brings to you a broad and comprehensive package of tests that also includes a check on your immunity against coronavirus.
It is a misconception that immunity to COVID-19 is a mysterious bit of knowledge, as we can now simply take this health test and find out where they stand. The test covers a wide range of parameters including a COVID-19 Antibody Test. This allows you and your doctor to assess important aspects of your health with one package.
Apart from standard medical advice (hydration, balanced diet, exercise, vitamins and minerals), there is not much else that people can to meaningfully change their immune system response. However, home remedies and myths still get popular via social media and messaging apps.
Instead of allowing your health to be dictated by advice circulating online, take the Advanced Full Body Checkup with COVID Antibody Test. This holistic test package covers Liver, Thyroid, Kidney, Blood, Sugar, Cholesterol and tests your blood for COVID-19 antibodies. This suite of tests on your blood and urine will provide a lot of information for your doctor to be able to assess your overall health as well as antibody levels against COVID-19. Taking these tests may also bring to your notice an undiagnosed underlying condition that may pose a risk of serious complications if you, unfortunately, catch a COVID infection. You can get a broad idea of your health status, can consult your doctor and get any underlying condition treated well on time before it can worsen up. You and your family deserve to know what your health situation is without any doubts or fears clouding your judgement.
SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests detect antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests can help identify people who may have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus or have recovered from COVID-19. Antibody tests should not be used to tell you if you have an active COVID-19 infection.
Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD
The package includes 72 health parameters such as:
It Is important to note that the COVID-19 antibody test should not be used as a diagnosis for detecting the active COVID-19 disease. Irrespective of your covid antibody test being positive or negative, you need to follow COVID appropriate behaviour for the safety of yourself and others.
With an easy home collection of the blood and urine sample, you and your family can get tested from the comfort of your home! Stay home, stay safe and book PharmEasy’s Advanced Health Checkup package for yourself and your family.
With an affordable price and safe sample collection, the Advanced Health Checkup with COVID-19 Antibody package provides an overview and a starting point to better health. Go on, book a test today!
Let’s get fit and beat COVID!
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare updated its COVID-19 treatment protocol for children in April. While India was battling its deadly second wave, health experts warned the administration and the people of an impending third wave, which is likely to affect children. Also, speculations about Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) occurring as a post-COVID-19 complication in this age group prompted health experts to prepare guidelines to reduce the effects of COVID-19 in children.
Pediatric COVID-19 treatment guidelines in India have been grouped under three categories:
Symptomatic care for COVID-19 in the outpatient setting is similar to that for other upper respiratory or gastrointestinal clinical syndromes. For sick cases with saturation less than 92 hospitalisation is necessary.
Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD
The majority of children infected with COVID-19 were found to be asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. The symptoms of COVID-19 in children are similar to those in adults, including fever, cough, breathlessness, fatigue, shortness of breath, sore throat, diarrhoea and loss of taste and smell. Asymptomatic COVID-19 cases can only be detected using screening when a family member has been diagnosed with the infection. Most of these children do not show any symptoms and therefore, do not require treatment.
However, they must be monitored for any symptom development, especially if they have any comorbidities like congenital heart conditions, asthma, chronic lung diseases, etc. Children with mild COVID-19 disease usually present with a running nose, cough, sore throat and sometimes, an upset stomach. They do not have breathing difficulties and these cases can be easily managed with home isolation and symptomatic treatment.
According to the latest COVID-19 Treatment Protocol For Children, the treatment given at home must include:
The parents or the caregiver must ensure appropriate isolation facilities at home and must constantly monitor the child. Stay in touch with the child’s doctor and update them regularly about the child’s condition.
While children appear to be largely spared the direct mortality impacts of COVID-19, the indirect effects stemming from strained health systems, disruptions to life-saving health services, long term mental impact can result in devastating impacts on children.
Dr. Ashish Bajaj, M.B.B.S., M.D
A child is a moderate case of COVID-19 if they show one or more symptoms of COVID-19 along with rapid respiration, but their oxygen saturation remains over 90%. Rapid respiration varies for different age groups:
In many moderate COVID-19 cases in children, pneumonia may be present, but symptoms may not be evident. A routine RT-PCR test is done to confirm COVID-19 moderate cases. However, if a child has comorbidities, additional tests may be necessary. As per the latest COVID-19 Treatment for children, the treatment for moderate COVID-19 infection must be provided in a dedicated COVID-19 facility or hospital.
Treatment of a child with moderate COVID-19 includes:
Also Read: Post Covid-19 Complication In Kids
In the ongoing fight against COVID-19, vaccination stands as the most effective preventive measure to significantly lower the likelihood of hospitalization, severe illness, or fatalities. If, by any chance, your child does contract the virus, seeking prompt medical attention becomes paramount, as it can ensure appropriate treatment for their recovery and symptom reduction.
Dr. Arpit Verma, MBBS, MD (Pharmacology)
Severe COVID-19 cases in children are characterised by:
If these symptoms are not managed immediately, the child can go into Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), shock, acute thrombosis or multiorgan failure. A child with severe COVID-19 must be admitted to a tertiary hospital, preferably in the ICU. To provide treatment to a child with severe COVID-19, some investigations including CBC, RFT, LFT, CRP, ECG, ABG, CXR, LDH, Ferritin and ECHO, among others.
Treatment for severe COVID-19, as per Pediatric COVID-19 treatment guidelines India, includes:
Though the number of COVID-19 cases among children has been relatively low, the lack of vaccines for this age group increases their risk of developing the infection. COVID-19 Treatment for children with mild disease can be managed at home, with a doctor monitoring them. Moderate to severe cases of the disease requires immediate medical attention and a hospital setting where adequate treatment can be provided.
Self-medication is not advised as it can lead to more complications. Parents and caregivers need to be attentive to the various symptoms that can appear in the child post-COVID-19 recovery. Children must follow all precautionary measures such as wearing masks, practising hand hygiene and social distancing to protect themselves from COVID-19. Parents must ensure children are safe and protected at all times.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Although COVID-19 causes comparatively milder problems in children than elderly individuals, some kids may need extra medical attention because of MIS-C symptoms. Children may rarely develop unusual and severe symptoms even after they have recovered from COVID-19. MIS-C after COVID-19 is a severe and fatal complication in children which needs prompt diagnosis for a reliable cure. The full name of this condition is Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children. It can affect children with a history of COVID-19 infection even weeks after the children are free from the COVID-19 infection.
MIS-C in children can lead to inflammation of some of the most vital organs such as the brain, heart, lung and kidneys. MIS-C can also cause swelling of eyes, skin and other organs in the digestive system of children. Prompt medical attention is significant because these symptoms can lead to fatal complications in children. MIS-C might harm vital organs, including the heart, because of extensive blood clotting. The swelling or inflammation caused by MIS-C in children is also harmful to the digestive system, blood vessels, brain and kidneys.
Most children who catch the COVID-19 virus have only a mild illness. But in children with MIS-C , after infection with the COVID-19 virus, the blood vessels, digestive system, skin or eyes become swollen and irritated. MIS-C is rare. It most often happens within 2 months after having COVID-19.
Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD
Observation of MIS-C symptoms plays a vital part in early diagnosis and treatment. MIS-C is a syndrome, which means it is an assortment of signs and symptoms that may involve multiple organs.
One should immediately consult a qualified medical practitioner if the following symptoms are present:
Besides these symptoms, one should also look for the following emergency signs that need prompt medical attention:
You need to remember that the severity and variety of signs and symptoms can differ for different children. One must take the child to an emergency care clinic in the presence of any one of the emergency signs of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children highlighted above.
Like in children, adults who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 can develop MIS (MIS-A) days to weeks after getting sick with COVID-19. Compared with MIS-C, MIS-A can also be more difficult to distinguish from acute COVID-19. However, like children with MIS-C, adults with MIS-A appear to recover quickly from the most dangerous heart-related complications.
Dr. Ashish Bajaj – M.B.B.S, M.D.
Since MIS-C is a relatively new syndrome, there is very little knowledge about the exact cause of this post-COVID-19 complication in kids. It may be because of an over-aggressive, defensive reaction of the body to the invading virus. Medical researchers also suspect secondary infection and COVID-19 that may cause multiple signs and symptoms of MIS-C.
Some researchers feel that failure to treat COVID-19 can lead to MIS-C symptoms in children.
They also attribute MIS-C to genetic factors and several theories are being put forward to establish links between genetics and MIS-C, which is a rare condition. It can affect kids ranging from three years old to twelve years old. Failure to diagnose COVID-19 in primary stages and subsequent lack of treatment can lead to MIS-C symptoms.
The best way to prevent MIS-C is to protect against getting SARS-CoV-2 infection, including staying up to date with COVID-19 vaccines and other prevention actions.
Dr. Ashish Bajaj – M.B.B.S, M.D.
Observing a child for the symptoms is the only way to detect the onset of MIS-C in time. One should be careful about the occurrence of critical signs, including bluish nails, lips or skin, severe breathlessness and difficulty in staying awake. Doctors will conduct some routine tests including blood, urine, swab, chest X-ray, ECG and so forth.
Doctors follow MIS-C treatment guidelines in India to manage the symptoms and critical health conditions of the child. They give the treatment of MIS-C in a hospital or kids intensive care unit.
Even if you feel that signs of MIS-C in your kid are mild, get the child to a doctor for an expert opinion. Minor symptoms of MIS-C can also lead to long-term problems for the heart or nervous system. Your doctor will recommend some routine tests to rule out any possibility of damage to organs or suggest the treatment for early recovery. Since there is limited medical knowledge about the causes and treatment of MIS-C, the only option is to watch the child for symptoms and report to the child specialist immediately for prompt care.
Also Read: COVID-19 Treatment Protocol For Children
The best policy to avoid post-COVID-19 complications in kids is to protect them from getting COVID-19 infection. Symptoms of MIS-C may not be similar for every child, so there is no need to panic and rush to conclusions. Consultation with your doctor to find the exact cause of symptoms is the most prudent way to deal with such a situation. Most children recover with no complications of MIS-C COVID-19 provided they receive proper treatment in a hospital setup. Only a few of them may have to receive appropriate medical care for a slightly longer period. A recent study in the UK provides a respite to parents. It confirms that most of the symptoms of Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome or MIS-C fade away over six months.
Children who develop some problems with the heart may have to avoid outdoor sports for some time. Incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C) is extremely rare. One can prevent it only by preventing COVID-19 infection in kids. So it is necessary to make your kids follow all precautions and preventive measures such as safe distance, hand hygiene and mask usage. One should take special care of kids by avoiding contact with a family member who is COVID-19 positive. Ideally, safeguard kids by protecting every member of your family by observing all necessary precautions and following all instructions from the health authorities.
Disclaimer: The information included at this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken on momentum in India, especially during the second wave in March 2021. It is named after coronavirus and caused particularly by the strain, namely Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first identified in Wuhan, China. The original strain has now undergone many mutations raising concerns over the spread and infectivity of the pandemic.
Many flu-like symptoms are observed in patients infected with the virus. One of the common offsets of the infection is the drop in blood oxygen saturation levels, leading to difficulty in breathing amongst many individuals. The national COVID-19 task force members have brought forward data suggesting that over 54.5 % of the hospital admissions during the second wave were due to decreased oxygen saturation levels in the patient. In this struggle to get oxygen and to improve healing, various states including Delhi and Punjab, have begun importing oxygen cylinders from neighbouring countries such as China.
The chaos continues to increase in developing countries such as India, where the poor management of oxygen supplies has not only seen the severe shortage of oxygen but reduced levels of oxygen provided. This has led to new diseases that worsen the existing health conditions, thereby placing immense pressure on the healthcare sector to cater to all the needs and requirements of the people.
Due to the compromise in the oxygen quality, fungal diseases such as mucormycosis have increased rapidly and have now been declared an epidemic in various states. Another indicator of pure and impure oxygen that is now missed and under-estimated is the colour code on the gas cylinder that provides an instant visual assessment of the cylinder’s contents. Giving a blind eye to these specifications of the oxygen cylinder colour code has added to the existing problems being faced by the people suffering from COVID-19.
The medical and pharmaceutical industry closely works with a variety of pure and isolated gases for development and storage. For example, carbon dioxide is used for growing specific cultures in the research and development department of the pharmaceutical industry. Likewise, various gases are isolated and used widely in different areas. For easy identification, safety purposes and to prevent mix-up in handling, the gas cylinders have been colour-coded.
The colour codes are varied for the body and shoulder of the cylinder. For example, the nitrogen cylinder comes in a grey body and black shoulder-coloured cylinder. Hydrogen is contained in a complete red-coloured cylinder and the colour coding for the co2 gas cylinder is black on the body and silver on the shoulder. The oxygen cylinder colour code in India is a black body and white shoulder-coloured cylinder.
It is essential during this pandemic to identify the cylinder by the colour code and visually attest to the gas inside the cylinder before administering it to the patient. The basic colour codes that can be kept in mind are:
In the distress of lack of oxygen cylinder availability, oxygen is stored in gas cylinders and coded for other gases. Inhalation of oxygen alongside remnants of other corrosive or inflammable gases can severely medically affect the patients inhaling the gas. Another safety precaution while handling the gas cylinder is preventing the lubrication of the valves of the gas cylinders with grease or oil. All manufacturers, suppliers and hospitals need to ensure that the right colour-coded and medically suited oxygen must be administered to the patients needing oxygen.
The pandemic has brought to light the crippled healthcare sector of various countries. This is related not only in terms of infrastructure but also to meet the patients simple supply-demand needs. One such instance is the need for oxygen cylinders for patients whose blood oxygen saturation levels have dropped below ninety. To provide the right isolated gas (oxygen in this instance), a national colour-coding scheme is mechanized to smoothen the visual identification of the gas being contained and transported.
Due to the severe shortage of oxygen in various states, the colour-coding seems ignored and oxygen is being filled in cylinders meant for other corrosive and toxic gases, thereby creating a lot of complications for the patients. Oxygen therapy at home can be practised by using oxygen concentrators, but beyond a specific level, even oxygen concentrators are of no help and hospital administration is required. Nowadays, we even see oxygen for home use due to the lack of hospital beds. Oftentimes the oxygen cylinder colour code is ignored.
It is essential to educate ourselves and be mindful of the handling, sourcing and administration of oxygen in hospitals to prevent undue complications and fatalities by observing simple things like the colour code of gas cylinders like, the colour of oxygen cylinder, co2 cylinder colour and nitrogen cylinder colour. It is to be noted that the oxygen cylinders are odourless and generally non-toxic at atmospheric pressure. They will not burn but support and accelerate combustion.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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In light of the growing death toll and India battling against the second wave of COVID-19, the Govt. of India recently granted permission for emergency use of two anti-COVID 19 medicines, namely-, 2-DG by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in collaboration with Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (DRL), Hyderabad, and Antibody Cocktail (Casirivimab and Imdevimab) by Roche India with Cipla Limited as a distribution partner. 2-deoxy-D-glucose, abbreviated to 2-DG, is an oral, therapeutic medicine and an antibody cocktail available in injectable form.
2-DG is permitted by the Drugs Controller General of India(DCGI) for emergency use and as an adjunct remedy in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. In contrast, the Central Drugs Standards Control Organisation (CDSCO) approved the antibody cocktail to treat confirmed cases of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients over 12 years of age at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease.
2DG is an oral medicine available on the doctor’s prescription only to hospitalized patients due to moderate to severe COVID-19. It is to be used as adjunct (add-on) therapy in addition to the current standard protocol.
The 2-DG comes in a sachet in the form of oral powder and can be consumed by dissolving in water. The dose and duration of this medicine will be determined by your treating doctor.
The 2-DG is an anti-COVID-19 medicine developed domestically. However, Roche will import the antibody cocktail, which will be made available in India with a contract with Cipla Ltd.
The 2-DG has been developed by the DRDO’s laboratory Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, in alliance with Hyderabad-based pharma company Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories. It has gone through extensive clinical trials and was approved for emergency use following a green signal from the head of the apex body, the Drugs Controller General of India, on 1 May 2021.
Roche India has been given the Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) for COVID-19 antibody-drug cocktails, Casirivimab and Imdevimab, to treat COVID-19 patients in India.
The therapeutic anti-COVID-19 medicine 2-DG is a glucose analog or pseudo glucose. Any virus requires glucose for its growth and multiplication. It works by entering or accumulating into infected cells upon ingestion and preventing virus growth by blocking viral synthesis, multiplication, and energy production. Its accumulation, specifically in the virus-infected cells, makes its mechanism unique. This medicine is expected to save lives by its distinct action against coronavirus, which may also reduce the hospital stay of COVID-19 patients. The Casirivimab–Imdevimab Antibody cocktail injection is a combination of two monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made proteins that mimic the action of immune cells and fight off pathogens such as viruses. It works by blocking the attachment and entry of viruses into human cells and hence prevents the spread of infection
The antibody cocktail can be acquired by a doctor’s prescription only and should be administered in settings where healthcare providers have instant access to allergic reaction treatment, such as those used for anaphylactic shock.
The antibody cocktail jab effectively treats mild-to-moderate COVID-19 symptoms in children aged 12 years or older and weighing no less than 40 kg and adults. It especially treats those at high risk of getting a severe COVID-19 infection but may not need oxygen.
The cocktail drug can help high-risk patients before their condition worsens, reducing hospitalization risk and mortality rates by 70%. Further, it shortens the length of symptoms by about four days.
The intravenous (IV) administration takes about 20 to 30 minutes. Subcutaneously, four syringes of 2.5 ml (2 each of Casirivimab and Imdevimab) must be administered simultaneously at four different locations on the stomach or thigh.
The 2-DG drug trials carried out in over 110 patients in Phase- II and Phase- III clinical trials were conducted on 220 patients between December 2020 to March 2021 at 27 COVID hospitals in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
The cocktail trial conclusions are derived from Regeneron’s Phase 3 clinical trial, which is the foremost clinical trial to date that assessed COVID-19 treatment in patients who have COVID-19 but are not hospitalized. The trial included 4,567 patients who recently developed COVID-19 and were at high risk for a severe form of ailment. The 2,400-mg dose cut the hospitalization risk and death by 71%.
It is important to note that DRDO’s anti-COVID-19 medicine 2-DG is an adjunct therapy and not a substitute for standard treatment. The drug pricing of 2-DG is yet to be determined based on its affordability, and the first 10,000 doses will be rolled out for public use this week. These doses have been recommended for use in moderate-to-severe COVID-19 cases only.
The launching of this medicine amidst an ongoing battle between the country and the distressing second wave of the pandemic has been a sign of hope for many because it resolves the struggle for hospital-grade oxygen and hospital beds.
In this situation, 2-DG accelerates the recovery rate and decreases oxygen dependence, leaving the beds available for those patients who require critical care. We believe it is fair to put our faith in this medicine for all the right reasons mentioned above. Plus, it does not hurt that there will not be a needle involved in this procedure!
The medicine has been launched while the country battles the distressing second wave of the pandemic that has triggered a struggle for hospital-grade oxygen and hospital beds. In this situation, 2-DG accelerates the recovery rate and decreases oxygen dependence, leaving the beds available for those patients who require critical care. The antibody cocktail was administered to former US President Donald Trump after he was diagnosed with COVID-19.
Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.
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