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Tangerine: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Introduction

The mandarin orange species of the family Rutaceae includes the small, thin-skinned form of orange known as the tangerine (Citrus reticulata). Tangerine culture originated in Southeast Asia and travelled west through trade routes all the way to the Mediterranean1. The fruit is grown in both the Old World and the New World’s subtropical regions, mainly southern Europe and the southern United States. The pulp is soft, juicy and flavorful with plenty of vitamin C. Many flavourings and liqueurs use the oil derived from the tangerine’s fragrant skin as a distinctive ingredient. 

Nutritional Value of Tangerine

A medium-sized tangerine with a diameter of around 2/12 inches weighs roughly 88 gm and contains the following2:

Properties of Tangerines

Tangerines provide the following health advantages:

Potential Uses of Tangerines

Tangerines are a great source of dietary fibre for people and are packed with vitamin C.

1. Potential use of Tangerines as an antioxidant

tangerines

Tangerines and their peels are abundant in flavonoids and vitamin C, two antioxidants that guard against a wide range of ailments3. By counteracting the harmful effects of oxidative stress, which is brought on by the buildup of free radicals, antioxidants defend your body against damage. These hazardous compounds contribute to the emergence of chronic diseases like cancer, arthritis and heart disease.

Tangerine is one of the citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. Much like other members of its family, it is high in vitamin C. Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant and might be beneficial for eye health. Thus, including citrus fruits in your diet regularly is highly recommended6.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

2. Potential use of Tangerines for the heart

heart

Tangerine excellent status as a food high in antioxidants is one of the best things about tangerine fruit. Antioxidants are potent substances that work to counteract the harm done to the body by free radicals, lowering the risk of inflammation and chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes and heart disease. According to research4, tangerines are a great source of naringin, naringenin, nobiletin, narirutin and hesperidin, as well as other antioxidant components. Moreover, tangerines contain a lot of vitamin C, a water-soluble vitamin that functions as an antioxidant to shield cells from oxidative damage.

3. Potential use of Tangerines for people with diabetes

Home Remedies For Diabetes

According to experts, persons with type 2 diabetes may benefit from the antioxidants found in citrus fruits like tangerines. Researchers of a study5 noted in a publication that people with type 2 diabetes have decreased levels of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes. Patients with type 2 diabetes and other inflammatory disorders may experience less oxidative stress by consuming antioxidant-rich fruits like tangerines or fruit extracts.

4. Potential use of Tangerines for infections

skin infections

The high vitamin C concentration of tangerines, which delivers more than 25% of your daily needs in just one fruit, is responsible for the majority of your health advantages. In addition to aiding in the absorption of iron and warding off infections, vitamin C is a strong antioxidant that protects your cells from stress-related cellular damage and ageing.

Based on some studies7, Tangerine might aid in the improvement of sleep quality, mood enhancement and cognitive functions.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Tangerines?

Tangerines is a juicy fruit with tremendous health benefits. They can be used as

Tangerines can be combined with chocolate and walnuts for a refreshing take on summer cakes. They are delicious and can be eaten as a dessert on sultry summer afternoons. Tangerines can also be coated or dipped in melted chocolate to make a sweet snack for kids. Tangerines also go really well with caramels, marshmallows and other sweet ingredients. Meat products like spiced ham can be marinated using the tangerine sauce for a juicy and refreshing flavour.

Also Read: 15 Amazing Benefits of Poppy Seeds (Khus Khus)

Side Effects of Tangerines

Despite the fact that tangerines are extremely healthy and advantageous, it is advisable to consume them in moderation. Tangerines have reportedly caused allergy reactions in some people under specific circumstances. Hence, inform your healthcare practitioner right away if you develop any of these side effects or any adverse responses after eating tangerines.

Also Read: Custard Apple: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Precautions to Take with Tangerine

Abdominal pains and diarrhoea are two gastrointestinal problems that may result from overeating tangerines. They might also conflict with liver-related drugs. Despite being nutritious, eating more tangerines than advised could be harmful to your health. Before consuming tangerines, check with your doctor if you are taking medicine for your liver.

Also Read: Kulthi Dal: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Are tangerines and oranges the same?

Oranges and tangerines are both fruits that belong to the citrus family. However, they are not the same. While oranges might provide more vitamin C and fibre per serving, tangerines seem to be a richer source of vitamin A. Although tangerines tend to be more reddish-orange than most orange varieties, they share a similar hue. Compared to tangerines, oranges are bigger and rounder. Either kind may have seeds or not. Tangerines are more reddish-orange than most orange kinds, which are typically yellowish-orange.

What is the nutritional value of tangerines?

Tangerines have few calories and no fat, but they are a great source of fibre, vitamins and minerals. An average-sized tangerine has 50 calories and 13 grams of carbohydrates, 9 grams of which are natural sugars. Just under 50% of your daily vitamin C needs and approximately 10% of your daily fibre requirements are provided by one tangerine.

What are the health benefits of tangerines?

Tangerines have high levels of vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant that fights free radical damage and reduces inflammation. Tangerines allow your body to absorb iron from your diet. They can aid in the healing of small wounds and cuts. Pectin and hemicellulose, two fibres found in tangerines, limit the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine and reduce the risk of obesity. Tangerines’ fibre helps with constipation and enhances digestion. Vitamin A, which is abundant in tangerines and aids in tissue repair, may also lessen the appearance of age-related signs of ageing such as fine lines, wrinkles and dull skin.

Where did tangerines come from originally?

In ancient native China and Japan, mandarins have been grown for more than three thousand years. They were given that name because orange-robed Chinese aristocrats wore them. The fruit was first transported to Europe and the Americas in the 1800s through Tangiers in Morocco, hence the name of the fruit.

How do tangerines taste?

Tangerines and oranges come in a variety of flavours, although each fruit’s flavour is mostly influenced by its type. Oranges and tangerines both come in sweet and sour varieties. The majority of tangerines, however, are sweeter and less tart than oranges. Additionally, tangerines typically have a shorter aftertaste and a more robust flavour profile than oranges.

References

1. Mabberley DJ. Citrus (Rutaceae): a review of recent advances in etymology, systematics and medical applications. Blumea. 2004;49(2‑3):481–498. doi:10.3767/000651904X484432. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233545464_Citrus_Rutaceae_A_Review_of_Recent_Advances_in_Etymology_Systematics_and_Medical_Applications

2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Raw Fruits Poster — Fruits Nutrition Facts (Raw, Edible Weight Portion). Raw Fruits Poster (Text Version / Accessible Version) [Internet]. [cited 2025 Dec 04]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-food-labeling-and-critical-foods/raw-fruits-poster-text-version-accessible-version

3. Shi M, Guo Q, Xiao Z, Sarengaowa, Xiao Y, Feng K. Recent Advances in the Health Benefits and Application of Tangerine Peel (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium): A Review. Foods. 2024 Jun 23;13(13):1978. doi: 10.3390/foods13131978. PMID: 38998484; PMCID: PMC11241192. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11241192/

4. Alam MA, Subhan N, Rahman MM, Uddin SJ, Reza HM, Sarker SD. Effect of citrus flavonoids, naringin and naringenin, on metabolic syndrome and their mechanisms of action. Adv Nutr. 2014 Jul 14;5(4):404-17. doi: 10.3945/an.113.005603. PMID: 25022990; PMCID: PMC4085189. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4085189/

5. Visvanathan R, Williamson G. Effect of citrus fruit and juice consumption on risk of developing type 2 diabetes: Evidence on polyphenols from epidemiological and intervention studies. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2021;115:133‑146. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.038. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092422442100412X

6. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Four Fantastic Foods to Keep Your Eyes Healthy. AAO Eye Health News [Internet]. 2012 May 03 [cited 2025 Dec 04]. Available from: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/news/four-fantastic-foods

7. Chandharakool S, Koomhin P, Sinlapasorn J, Suanjan S, Phungsai J, Suttipromma N, Songsamoe S, Matan N, Sattayakhom A. Effects of Tangerine Essential Oil on Brain Waves, Moods, and Sleep Onset Latency. Molecules. 2020 Oct 21;25(20):4865. doi: 10.3390/molecules25204865. PMID: 33096890; PMCID: PMC7587980. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7587980/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Cantaloupe: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Introduction

Cantaloupe is a summer-time, pulpy fruit which is also known as muskmelon or rock melon. These fruits have a hard outer skin, belong to the Cucurbitaceous family and are related to various other melons, squashes and cucumbers1. Cantaloupes of different varieties are grown all over the world; having a mild and sweet flavour with many important health benefits. In this article, you shall learn more about the health benefits of cantaloupe, its nutritional profile and potential side effects.

Nutritional Value of Cantaloupe

Cantaloupe has rich nutritional value comprising Vitamins A, B and C and minerals like sodium, magnesium and potassium. When considering cantaloupe calories, it’s worth noting that this fruit provides a tasty and low-calorie option for those seeking a nutritious addition to their diet.  The fruit has zero cholesterol1 and listed below is the cantaloupe nutrition value per 1 cup of cantaloupe:

Did you know?

Properties of Cantaloupe

Due to its rich nutrient profile, Cantaloupe has several properties that can lead to a wide array of health benefits.

Cantaloupe or muskmelon is one of the fruits with high water content. Due to its high-water content, cantaloupe might be quite useful in regaining water loss while sweating after vigorous physical activity19.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S M.D (Ayu)

Benefits of Cantaloupe

Cantaloupe is a tasty fruit, packed with nutrients. It is easily available and can potentially be beneficial for health when consumed in your routine diet.

1. Potential benefit of Cantaloupe as an antioxidant

cantaloupe
Image Source: freepik.com

Cantaloupe is rich in antioxidants and may help eliminate inflammation in the body. They fight off free radicals that are responsible for causing oxidative stress and cell damage, this helps lower the risk of developing serious health issues like diabetes, heart disease, arthritis and more. Cantaloupe has anti-inflammatory properties and can help relieve pain/discomfort in your joints and bones3,4.

While natural remedies can be helpful as adjunct, if you notice any symptoms of inflammation in the body, consult the doctor immediately for a timely diagnosis and treatment of the ailment.

2. Potential benefit of Cantaloupe for heart health

heart

Cantaloupes have vital nutrients to keep your heart healthy. Some initial studies7 have shown that melon extracts can help regulate heart beat and blood pressure by modulating nitrous-oxide mediated blood vessel contraction. They are rich in potassium which can also contribute to keeping the blood pressure in check8. Cantaloupes may also show some blood-thinning properties which are good for the heart. Plus, their fibre content helps to decrease “bad cholesterol” levels9.

3. Potential benefit of Cantaloupe to maintain skin health

good for skin

Cantaloupe benefits the skin as it is loaded with vitamin A and vitamin C, these essential nutrients help in improving skin health. Vitamin A helps protect the skin from sun damage and vitamin C supports natural collagen production. Cantaloupe has high water content and keeps your skin healthy, imparting a youthful glow to your skin. It may help keep wrinkles at bay by maintaining skin elasticity, thus providing anti-ageing benefits. It can also help reduce the risk of UV induced damage to the skin, lower pigmentation and help with skin repair and regeneration10.

4. Potential benefit of Cantaloupe for eye health

eye

Cantaloupe fruit is a melon and is rich in beta carotenes which help in maintaining healthy vision. When absorbed by the body, these beta carotenes are converted into Vitamin A and are highly beneficial for the eyes. They help improve vision and play a role in lowing the risk of conditions like age-related macular degeneration and cataracts11,12. However, remember to always get your eyes checked by the doctor if you have vision problems.

5. Potential benefit of Cantaloupe for hair

hair

Cantaloupe is beneficial for hair as it contains vitamins A and C, which play crucial roles in supporting overall hair health. Vitamin A aids in maintaining a healthy scalp, while vitamin C supports collagen production, contributing to hair strength. The hydrating properties of cantaloupe may help prevent dryness and promote a well-moisturised scalp. While more research is needed for conclusive evidence, incorporating cantaloupe into your diet as part of a nutrient-rich regimen could potentially benefit your hair13,14. Always consult with a healthcare or hair care professional for personalized advice.

6. Potential benefit of Cantaloupe in pregnancy

good for pregnancy

Cantaloupe is said to offer significant health benefits during pregnancy. Rich in vitamins A, C and folate, it supports foetal development and boosts the immune system, crucial for the well-being of both the mother and baby15,16. The high-water content aids in hydration3, addressing a common concern during pregnancy. Additionally, cantaloupe’s natural sweetness provides a healthy alternative to satisfy pregnancy cravings. However, pregnant individuals should seek advice from healthcare professionals for personalised guidance on incorporating anything new in diet, including cantaloupes, to ensure optimal health for both mother and baby.

While initial studies have shown potential health benefits of cantaloupe, further large-scale human trials are needed to confirm these findings. Nonetheless, cantaloupe holds promising value as a delicious and nutrient-packed home remedy that can be great for your skin, hair and overall health.

How to Use Cantaloupe?

Cantaloupes are delicious and can be used in many ways, including:

Cantaloupes are available throughout the year and you must consume them within 3 days of purchase for the freshest taste17. Adding cantaloupe to your daily diet will help you get all the nutrients required for the proper functioning of your body. Cantaloupes are loaded with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, they are eaten by children and adults3.

However, before incorporating anything new into your routine diet, it is necessary to speak with a certified doctor, especially if you have a medical condition like diabetes or are on any medications. You must never discontinue or replace any ongoing medicine with an Ayurveda/herbal supplement without consulting a certified doctor.

Cantaloupe or muskmelon is a rich source of various nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, etc. As it is rich in various phytochemicals, it may exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that might be beneficial in various inflammatory diseases20.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Cantaloupe vs. Muskmelon

In this section, let’s see how cantaloupe and muskmelon differ.

Cantaloupe

cantaloupe

Muskmelon

muskmelon

Side Effects of Cantaloupe

Cantaloupe is generally considered to be safe for consumption. Rarely only does it cause any allergy or side effects. However, you must avoid overconsumption of cantaloupe as it contains potassium and eating too much of it can harm your kidneys. Having too much potassium in your blood may also increase the risk of a heart attack18. Similarly, eating excess cantaloupe may not be good for your intestines and may cause diarrhoea, stomach cramps and other digestive problems. You must inform the doctor about any specific health problem before consuming cantaloupe. And also remember to not overdo the consumption for its benefits.

Also Read: Sonth: Uses, Benefits and Side effects by Dr. Smita Barode

Precautions to Take with Cantaloupe

You must avoid eating cantaloupe if it is unripe, keep it aside for a few more days and eat after it ripens. Always clean the cantaloupe properly before eating so that it has no harmful bacteria on it.

If you have any medical condition or are on any medication, you must consult your doctor before including cantaloupes in your routine diet. For instance:

 If you suffer from an inflammatory condition of the gut or if you have undergone bowel surgery, you should monitor your fibre intake closely.

People with type 2 diabetes should also have this fruit with caution and consult the doctor to know the right serving size of cantaloupe for them.

Conclusion

Cantaloupe is a nutrient-dense “superfood” that supports almost everything from hydration and eye health to foetal development during pregnancy. While its high antioxidant and vitamin content promotes general wellness, moderation in consumption is key. Individuals with any medical concerns should always discuss with their doctor before regular consumption. Ultimately, when enjoyed as part of a balanced diet, this muskmelon can prove to be an effective and delicious health-booster.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is eating a cantaloupe every day healthy?

Yes, eating cantaloupe every day will optimise its health benefits. However, it is advised to consult the doctor and discuss the benefits and risks of having cantaloupe every day. The health condition may vary from person to person, so you must know how much cantaloupe you should eat daily.

Are the seeds of a cantaloupe edible?

Yes, you may eat the seeds of a cantaloupe fruit. The crunchy seeds can be eaten raw or roasted, they must be dried and then you can roast them with salt, pepper and other seasonings. The seeds can also be added to blended drinks for more nutrition.

How can I store cantaloupes?

Cantaloupes can be stored as whole fruit or sliced. You can keep a cantaloupe in the fridge. To freeze cantaloupe best, you must wait until they are fully ripe. Once frozen, you may store the fruit in an airtight container in the freezer for up to three months.

Are cantaloupes easy to digest?

Yes, cantaloupes are known for being especially easy to digest. They are mostly made up almost entirely of water and do not cause indigestion or any discomfort.

Is a cantaloupe keto-friendly

Cantaloupe is not typically considered keto-friendly as it contains a moderate amount of carbohydrates, which may impact ketosis. It’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or nutritionist for personalized advice on incorporating fruits into a ketogenic diet.

Is a cantaloupe good for weight loss?

Cantaloupe can support weight loss due to its low-calorie and high-water content, promoting satiety. It’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional or nutritionist for personalized advice and to ensure it aligns with an individual’s overall dietary and health needs.

Is a cantaloupe high in sugar?

Cantaloupe contains natural sugars, but it is relatively low in overall sugar content compared to some other fruits. Individuals managing diabetes or concerned about sugar intake should consult with a healthcare professional to determine appropriate serving sizes and consider their overall dietary plan.

Does a cut cantaloupe need to be refrigerated?

Yes, cut cantaloupe should be refrigerated to maintain its freshness and prevent bacterial growth. Store it in an airtight container or covered with plastic wrap to extend its shelf life.

Does cantaloupe cause gas?

Cantaloupe is generally well-tolerated, but some individuals may experience gas or bloating after consuming it due to its fibre content. If persistent issues arise, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice on dietary adjustments and potential underlying digestive concerns.

Is a cantaloupe good for diabetics?

Yes, cantaloupe can be a good choice for diabetics as it is low in calories, rich in vitamins, and has a moderate glycaemic index, which means it has a gradual impact on blood sugar levels when consumed in moderation. However, individuals with diabetes should monitor their portion sizes and consult with a healthcare professional for personalized dietary advice.

References

  1. Cantaloupe [Internet]. Govinfo.gov. [cited 2026 Jan 8]. Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-A98-PURL-gpo87457/pdf/GOVPUB-A98-PURL-gpo87457.pdf
  2. Health encyclopedia [Internet]. University of Rochester medical center [cited 2026 Jan 8]. Available from: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?contenttypeid=76&contentid=09181-2
  3. Ali S, Rahman AU, Ali E, Karabulut F, Ali S, Ahmad R, Fadl ME, AbdelRahman MAE, Ahmed MAA, Scopa A. Insights on the Nutritional Profiling of Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) via 1-Naphthalene Acetic Acid. Plants (Basel). 2023 Aug 17;12(16):2969. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10459078/
  4. Koike M, Nagao M, Iwase Y, Kaneko K, Ishijima M, Nojiri H. Clinical Efficacy of Melon GliSODin® for the Treatment of Aging-Related Dysfunction in Motor Organs-A Double Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. J Clin Med. 2022 May 12;11(10):2747. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9143343/
  5. Healthy teaching kitchen [Internet]. Veterans Affairs. 2025 [cited 2026 Jan 9]. Available from: https://www.va.gov/jackson-health-care/stories/healthy-teaching-kitchen-melon-mint-salad/
  6. Vitamin A and carotenoids [Internet]. Nih.gov. [cited 2026 Jan 8]. Available from: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-Consumer/
  7. Wahid M, Saqib F, Abbas G, Shah S, Alshammari A, Albekairi TH, Ali A, Khurm M, Mubarak MS. Cardioprotective and hypotensive mechanistic insights of hydroethanolic extract of Cucumis melo L. kernels in isoprenaline-induced cardiotoxicity based on metabolomics and in silico electrophysiological models. Front Pharmacol. 2024 Jan 29;14:1277594. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10859416/
  8. Houston MC, Harper KJ. Potassium, magnesium, and calcium: their role in both the cause and treatment of hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008 Jul;10(7 Suppl 2):3-11. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8109864/
  9. Adebayo-Gege G, Alicha V, Omayone TO, Nzekwe SC, Irozuoke CA, Ojo OA, Ajayi AF. Anti-atherogenic and cardio-protective properties of sweet melon (Cucumis melo. L. Inodorus) seed extract on high fat diet induced obesity in male wistar rats. BMC complementary medicine and therapies. 2022 Dec 20;22(1):334. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-022-03793-w#Abs1
  10. Egoumenides L, Gauthier A, Barial S, Saby M, Orechenkoff C, Simoneau G, Carillon J. A Specific Melon Concentrate Exhibits Photoprotective Effects from Antioxidant Activity in Healthy Adults. Nutrients. 2018 Mar 31;10(4):437. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5946222/
  11. Nutrition and eye health [Internet]. Illinois.gov. [cited 2026 Jan 14]. Available from: https://cms.illinois.gov/benefits/stateemployee/bewell/foodforthought/august24-nutrition-and-eye-health.html
  12. Abdel-Aal el-SM, Akhtar H, Zaheer K, Ali R. Dietary sources of lutein and zeaxanthin carotenoids and their role in eye health. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 9;5(4):1169-85. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3705341/
  13. Allam AT, El-Shiekh RA, El-Dessouki AM, Gamil NM, Eisa NM, Ayoub MM, Khallil WAM, Farag MAN, Attallah MG, Hafeez MSAEL, Abou-Hussein D. Pathophysiology, conventional treatments, and evidence-based herbal remedies of hair loss with a systematic review of controlled clinical trials. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Dec;398(12):16311-16354. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12678491/
  14. Choi JY, Boo MY, Boo YC. Can Plant Extracts Help Prevent Hair Loss or Promote Hair Growth? A Review Comparing Their Therapeutic Efficacies, Phytochemical Components, and Modulatory Targets. Molecules. 2024 May 13;29(10):2288. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11124163/
  15. Bastos Maia S, Rolland Souza AS, Costa Caminha MF, Lins da Silva S, Callou Cruz RSBL, Carvalho Dos Santos C, Batista Filho M. Vitamin A and Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2019 Mar 22;11(3):681. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6470929/
  16. Clifford AJ, Jones AD, Bills ND. Bioavailability of folates in selected foods incorporated into amino acid-based diets fed to rats. The Journal of nutrition. 1990 Dec 1;120(12):1640-7. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022316622174742#:~:text=ABSTRACT,bioavailability%20estimates%20to%20human%20nutrition.
  17. United states department of Agriculture [Internet]. Loc.gov. [cited 2026 Jan 9]. Available from: https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/gdc/gdcebookspublic/20/25/67/80/80/2025678080/2025678080.pdf
  18. Potassium in diet [Internet]. Medlineplus. [cited 2026 Jan 9]. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002413.htm
  19. Popkin BM, D’Anci KE, Rosenberg IH. Water, hydration, and health. Nutr Rev. 2010 Aug;68(8):439-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00304.x. PMID: 20646222; PMCID: PMC2908954. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2908954/
  20. Vouldoukis I, Lacan D, Kamate C, Coste P, Calenda A, Mazier D, Conti M, Dugas B. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a Cucumis melo LC. extract rich in superoxide dismutase activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004 Sep;94(1):67–75. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.04.023. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378874104002247?casa_token=0v9X6AEGHYAAAAAA:b7lNBo2_PqTGizUfCRSDpQZTeJ_YVE9rLYT9sw53dF1u1lV3B1rqeJeLtd8ysc3TkhQ1LYyWzgw

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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French Beans: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Introduction

Green beans are unripe, young fruits of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). They are referred to by many names, such as French beans (French- haricot vert), snap beans or string beans (modern varieties happen to be stringless). In the Philippines, Green beans are known as Baguio beans/ habichuelas to differentiate them from yardlong beans.

Green beans are different from other varieties of beans because the green beans are consumed and harvested while the enclosing pods are still intact and the bean seeds haven’t yet fully matured within. Originally, green beans were found in South and Central America, where there has been evidence of cultivation in Peru and Mexico for many years. The three common types of green beans come under the species category Phaseolus vulgaris. These three are snap or string beans with a round, flat pod; French or stringless beans that lack a fibrous, tough string running along the side of the pod; runner beans belonging to the separate species, Phaseolus coccineus. 

Nutritional Value of French Beans

Looking at the nutritional profile of French beans, raw green beans contain 90% water, 2% protein, 7% carbohydrates and negligible fat. In a 100-gram quantity of French beans, one is provided 31 calories and a moderate amount of vitamin K, vitamin C, manganese and vitamin B with other micronutrients in low quantity. Green beans are also a good source of thiamin, folate, riboflavin, potassium and magnesium.

The above information indicates the nutritional breakdown of about 150 grams of snap bean2.

Properties of French Beans

Potential Uses of French Beans

French beans may have the following uses for human health:

1. Can Lower the Risk of Cancer

cancer
Image Source: freepik.com

Green beans or French beans can contain significant amounts of chlorophyll2, which can impede the carcinogenic effects of the heterocyclic amines that are created when meat is grilled at high temperatures1. So, it is recommended that those who like to have their grilled meat a little bit charred should balance the negative effects of their meal with boiled French beans.

2. French Beans Do Contain Protein

Image Source: freepik.com

The body needs protein in order to maintain hair, healthy bones, muscles and organs. Protein is also key in order to maintaining a healthy immune system. Although plant proteins lack one of the amino acids needed by the body, when combined with other protein sources, they can turn out to become complete proteins and still prove to be beneficial for the body3.

3. Good Source of Minerals and Vitamins

`French beans contain essential vitamins that include folate. A cup of raw green beans contains about 33 mcg of folate, which is almost 10% of the daily recommended dietary intake. Folate is a B vitamin that prevents birth defects and other neural tube defects.

A cup of raw green beans contains 12.2 mg of vitamin C, which is about 25% of the recommended daily intake. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that maintains the immune system and plays an integral role in collagen production, protecting the skin from oxidative stress.

 A cup of raw French beans offers about 690 IU of vitamin A, which is a group of compounds referred to as retinoids. Vitamin A is important because it aids in healthy immunity, healthy vision and reproduction.

French beans are a good source of minerals such as manganese which has antioxidant properties and supports metabolism. Manganese also promotes the quick healing of wounds and supports bone health3.

4. French Beans are Good for Mental Health 

depression

One of the primary causes of depression is the imbalance of neurotransmitters and chemicals in the brain. Dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine are essential for maintaining good brain health. At times, when their levels drop within the brain, it can lead to symptoms of depression. The chemical homocysteine hampers the production of norepinephrine and serotonin. French beans contain a decent amount of B9 or folate, which can help lower levels of homocysteine in the body. Thus, consuming French beans can be beneficial for brain health4.

5. Good Source of Iron

Image Source: freepik.com

Iron is an essential mineral required by the body in order to produce new red blood cells. The cells help in oxygen transportation in the body. A person suffering from anaemia or iron deficiency will feel fatigued most of the time, along with weakness and slow metabolism. So, someone suffering from anaemia can benefit from consuming French beans3. One hundred grams of French beans is equivalent to a person’s 25% of daily iron intake.

According to Harvard Medical School, increasing the amount of iron a woman of childbearing age consumes from plant sources including spinach, beans, pumpkin, and green beans may help with fertility. I read in an article and it said that, a woman’s degree of fertility and the amount of nutrients, particularly iron, she consumes, are related. Iron absorption can be enhanced by consuming foods high in vitamin C, such as tomatoes, bell peppers, or berries, together with meals high in iron2.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

6. Supports Heart Health

heart health

High cholesterol leads to a build-up of fat deposits within the arteries and decreases blood flow to the brain and heart, causing stroke or heart attack. French beans support good heart health because they don’t contain cholesterol. A cup of raw French beans contains 2.7 g of fibre, whereas the boiled variant contains 4.0 g of fibre along with soluble fibre. Soluble fibre can help reduce total cholesterol or bad cholesterol levels. French beans help to reduce inflammation and blood pressure, so consuming a cup of it daily can prove to be very healthy for you.

When fat builds up in the liver, it may result in fatty liver. It may emerge together with metabolic syndrome symptoms such as obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and others. Losing weight, managing blood sugar levels, and lowering blood levels of fats like triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or bad cholesterol are the mainstays of medical practitioners’ treatments for fatty liver disease. From my experience, beans are a wonderful alternative to animal proteins that are richer in fat for improving liver function2.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use French Beans?

Also Read: Sonth: Uses, Benefits and Side effects by Dr. Smita Barode

Side Effects of French Beans

French beans are extremely healthy, but there are certain side effects that people need to know about. Those who are on blood thinners should refrain from eating excessive French beans since they contain significant amounts of vitamin K. This vitamin can speed up the blood clotting process in wounds and counteract the effects of blood-thinning medications.

Excess consumption of French beans can give rise to digestive issues such as gas, flatulence and bloating. Aside from vitamin K, French beans also contain lectin, which can cause a number of gut-related problems. So, the ideal recommended daily intake for French beans is 1-2 cups daily.

Another factor is that French beans are best consumed cooked in some form. If you are buying canned French beans from the store, then cooking the French beans can also lower the sodium levels.

Also Read: Maple Syrup: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Precautions to Take with French Beans

While eating French beans, it is advised that you eat them cooked because raw beans contain lectin, which is a protein that acts as a natural insecticide or antifungal for plants. So, when French beans are consumed raw, the lectin present can bind to the surface cells of the digestive system and cause symptoms such as diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea and bloating.

If you do experience side effects, it is recommended that you consult a doctor.

Also Read: Jicama (Mexican Turnip): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More! 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the benefits of eating cooked French beans?

Consuming cooked French beans is always better than eating them raw. Although cooking the beans can decrease the nutritional value of some vitamins, it increases the levels of antioxidants such as isoflavones and carotenoids on the other hand. Cooking also inactivates the presence of harmful lectins that upset the digestive system.

Can consuming French beans promote weight loss?

French beans are highly nutritious with little fat and calorie content. Additionally, they have high dietary fibre and protein content, which helps one feel fuller for longer, negating the need to eat snacks in between meals.

Can French beans be consumed by diabetics?

Yes, French beans can be safely consumed by diabetics because they have a low glycemic index. They don’t increase the glucose levels in the blood and provide energy, nutrients and minerals while maintaining blood sugar.

How do French beans lower the risk of cancer?

A study conducted has revealed that French beans contain the molecule known as chlorophyll which lowers the risk of cancer. Chlorophyll imparts the green colour to French beans and contains anti-cancerous properties. It blocks carcinogens which are responsible for causing cancer.

Is eating French beans advisable for pregnant women?

Yes, French beans contain a good amount of vitamin B9 or folate, which is beneficial for pregnant women. It lowers the risk of developing congenital diseases in a foetus and reduces the chances of neural tube defects.

References

  1. Campos-Vega R, Oomah BD, Loarca-Piña G, Vergara-Castañeda HA. Common beans and their non-digestible fraction: cancer inhibitory activity — an overview. Foods. 2013 Aug 2;2(3):374–392. doi:10.3390/foods2030374. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5302293/
  2. Medical News Today. Green beans: health benefits, uses, and possible risks [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2026 Jan 28]. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/285753
  3. Sinkovič L, Blažica V, Blažica B, Meglič V, Pipan B. How nutritious are French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from the Citizen Science experiment? Plants (Basel). 2024 Jan 20;13(2):314. doi:10.3390/plants13020314. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10819379/
  4. Munawwar R, Sarfaraz S, Ikram R, Zehra T, Anser H, Ali H. Anxiolytic and antidepressant effect of Phaseolus vulgaris on animal models [Internet]. Scientifica (Cairo). 2024;2024:5710969. doi:10.1155/2024/5710969. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11060873/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Pushkarmool (Inula racemosa): Uses, Benefits and Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode 

Introduction

For decades, plants have been used by people for their medicinal benefits from nature. Pushkarmool or pushkarmula is a medicinal plant. Pushkarmool is also known as Inula racemosa. Pushkarmula has found its references in many Ayurvedic works of literature. The plant blooms beautiful yellow flowers. It belongs to the Asteraceae family. Pushkarmool often grows in the Western Himalayas at elevations ranging from 1300 to 4500 metres1,2.

Pushkarmool has many medicinal properties and health benefits that are derived from its seeds, roots, leaves, and stems. Let us learn more about this beautiful plant!

Nutritional Value of Pushkarmool

Pushkarmool has a number of phytoconstituents that are obtained from different parts of the plant. A list of a few major chemical compounds is given below: 

Properties of Pushkarmool

The properties of pushkarmool are as follows: 

Potential Uses of Pushkarmool for Overall Health

There are several potential benefits of pushkarmool on our health. They are as follows: 

1. Potential Use of Pushkarmool as an Anti-inflammatory Agent

inflammaation

Firdous et al. in 2018 studied the anti-inflammatory effect of pushkarmool in rats. The study2 results showed that pushkarmool might be beneficial as an anti-inflammatory agent. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of pushkarmool in humans. You should consider talking to an Ayurvedic doctor before taking pushkarmool.

2. Potential Use of Pushkarmool as an Antifungal Agent

Pushkarmool

A study4 was done by Singh et al. in 2016 on the antifungal properties of pushkarmool. The essential oil of pushkarmool showed potential anti-fungal activity. Pushkarmool may be used for its antifungal properties. However, additional research is required to comprehend the pharmacological profile of pushkarmool completely. One must consult an Ayurvedic doctor before replacing any medication.

3. Potential Use of Pushkarmool as a Painkiller

Pushkarmool

A study2 was carried out by Firdous et al. in 2018 on the analgesic activity of pushkarmool in rats. The study showed that ethanol extract from the roots of pushkarmool showed analgesic activity. Thus, pushkarmool may be used as a painkiller. However, further research and studies are required to prove the efficacy of pushkarmool as a painkiller. It is advised to consult an Ayurvedic doctor before taking pushkarmool.

4. Potential Use of Pushkarmool as an Anti-bacterial Agent

infection

A study4 was done by Maurya et al. in 2020 on the antibacterial activity of pushkarmool. The study showed that isoalantolactone and sesquiterpene lactones showed potential antibacterial activity. However, the study was done on a small scale, and more research is needed to further prove the effectiveness of pushkarmool as an anti-bacterial agent.

5. Potential Use of Pushkarmool as an Antioxidant

Pushkarmool

A study2 was conducted by Firdous et al. in 2018, on the anti-oxidant effect of pushkarmool in rats. The study showed that the ethanol extract of pushkarmool may be used as an antioxidant. However, further research and studies are required to prove the efficacy of pushkarmool as an antioxidant. It is advised to consult an Ayurvedic doctor before taking pushkarmool.

6. Potential Use of Pushkarmool in Allergy

skin itchiness

Firdous et al. in 2018, conducted a study2 to check the anti-allergic activity of pushkarmool. The study showed that the hydro-alcoholic extract from the roots of pushkarmool might have potent antihistaminic activity. Pushkarmool has the potential to be used as an anti-allergic agent. Further studies are necessary to prove the pharmacological effect of pushkarmool on allergies. It is recommended to consult a doctor before taking pushkarmool for any allergies.

7. Potential Use of Pushkarmool for Asthma

asthma

Khurana et al. in 2015, evaluated the role of pushkarmool on asthma. Their study5 showed that the root of pushkarmool might be beneficial in the management of asthma. Although pushkarmool may have potential in the management of asthma, further research is needed to evaluate the complete effect of pushkarmool. It is advised to consult a doctor before taking pushkarmool for asthma. 

8. Potential Use of Pushkarmool for Diabetes

diabeties

Maurya et al. 2020 studied the anti-diabetic activity of pushkarmool in their review. The study3 result concluded that pushkarmool when administered for diabetes mellitus showed positive effects on decreasing the blood glucose levels of the patients. Pushkarmool may have anti-diabetic properties. However, this study was done in a small population, and further studies are necessary to completely understand the activity of pushkarmool on diabetes. It is necessary to talk to a doctor before taking pushkarmool for diabetes.

9. Potential Use of Pushkarmool for the Liver

liver

The hepato-protective activity entails the ability to manage liver issues. A study2 was done by Firdous et al. in 2018 to evaluate the activity of pushkarmool in rats. The study showed that pushkarmool might be beneficial in preventing liver damage, meaning it shows potential hepato-protective activity. However, this study was done in animals, and human studies are needed to prove the effect of pushkarmool. It is recommended to consult a physician before taking pushkarmool for any liver issues.

10. Potential Use of Pushkarmool for Heart Disorders

heart

Cardio-protective property is the property of a compound to help in reducing the occurrence of heart and heart-related disorders. A study3 was done by Maurya et al. in 2020 on the cardio-protective effect of pushkarmool. The study showed the potential of pushkarmool in different combinations with other medicines in managing various cardiac disorders like ischemic heart disease. It also may improve the function of the heart. However, more research is required to prove the efficacy of pushkarmool in managing heart disorders. One should consult an ayurvedic doctor before consuming pushkarmool for any heart disorders.

11. Potential Use of Pushkarmool for Obesity

Obesity

Singh et al. in 2016 conducted a study4 on the effects of pushkarmool on obesity and dyslipidemia. Dyslipidaemia is a condition caused by a poor diet that results in high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. The study showed the positive effects of pushkarmool in reducing body weight and decreasing levels of triglycerides. However, further information is required to check the efficacy of pushkarmool. It is essential to consult a doctor before replacing pushkarmool with any type of medication.

Although there are studies that show the benefits of Pushkarmool in several conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Pushkarmool on human health. 

I have an exciting secret to share with you about the roots of the pushkarmool plant. The root oil of this plant contains alantolactone. This compound may act as an expectorant, which might help with cough and mucus10.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

How to Use Pushkarmool?

Pushkarmool is available in the form of oil, ointment, syrup, powder and tablets. It should be taken twice or thrice a day before meals or as prescribed by your Ayurvedic doctor1,8.

You should talk to a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

From what I have observed, the pushkarmool plant might also have certain commercial uses. The paste made from its roots may be effective for dressing wounds and ulcers because of its antiseptic properties. Additionally, it might also help alleviate pain and reduce swelling11.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Pushkarmool

Pushkarmool is quite safe to consume in small doses. Consuming any drug in excess quantity is not recommended.  

It is necessary to consult your ayurvedic doctor or healthcare provider before taking pushkarmool. If any reaction is observed while taking pushkarmool alone or in combination with other drugs, immediately seek medical help. 

I might tell you something fascinating about pushkarmool root powder. In some places, it is potentially used as a toothpowder to manage different dental problems!

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Precautions to Take with Pushkarmool

Taking pushkarmool in small doses may be safe. However, certain precautions, as described below, should be taken: 

According to certain studies, I have seen that using pushkarmool root powder with lukewarm water may have multiple benefits. It may act as a diuretic, helping with urine flow, and also has rejuvenating and anti-ageing properties.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Also Read: Galangal: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

Pushkarmool is known to have reactions with cardiovascular drugs metabolized by CYP3A4. Some commonly used cardiovascular drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 are clarithromycin/erythromycin, simvastatin, diltiazem/verapamil and prednisone. 

Further studies on how pushkarmool acts, along with other drugs, need to be carried out. Always consult your doctor before taking pushkarmool along with other prescription or non-prescription drugs. 

Also Read: Mandukaparni (Gotu Kola): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and more!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Does Pushkarmool increase blood sugar?

No, pushkarmool does not increase your blood sugar.

Is Pushkarmool root powder available?

Yes, pushkarmool is available in the market in the form of powder. 

What are the health benefits of Pushkarmool root?

Pushkarmool root has many potential health benefits. It may be anti-allergic, may be used for asthma and also may be used as a painkiller. 

Is Pushkarmool used for the liver?

Yes, pushkarmool may have some benefits for the liver. 

Is Pushkarmool an antioxidant?

Yes, pushkarmool may be used as an antioxidant. 

References

  1. Kapoor S. Inula racemosa: An insight into callus induction, secondary metabolites and its therapeutic potential. Pharm. Innov. J. 2018;7:27-32. https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2018/vol7issue6/PartA/7-5-98-735.pdf 
  2. Firdous Q, Bhat MF, Hussain MM. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and biological activity of Inula racemosa Hook. F: a review. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm. 2018;9(1):95-102. https://ijrap.net/admin/php/uploads/2005_pdf.pdf  
  3. Maurya SK, Verma DK, Sansthan CS, Pradesh U. PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW OF INULA RACEMOSA HOOK. F. https://wjpr.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/article_issue/1609405529.pdf  
  4. Singh J, Pandey AK. A review: an impact of Inula racemosa (puskarmula) on dyslipidemia and obesity. World journal of scientific research. 2016;5:528-38. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ajay-Pandey-33/publication/305815777_A_REVIEW_AN_IMPACT_OF_INULA_RACEMOSA_PUSKARMULA_ON_DYSLIPIDEMIA_AND_OBESITY/links/57a469ef08aee07544b2dcb8/A-REVIEW-AN-IMPACT-OF-INULA-RACEMOSA-PUSKARMULA-ON-DYSLIPIDEMIA-AND-OBESITY.pdf 
  5. Khurana P, Singh A, Saroch V. Role of Pushkarmool in the asthma management: a conceptual study. J. Tradit. Nat. Med. 2015;1(1):10-2. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vikas-Saroch/publication/281366533_ROLE_OF_PUSHKARMOOL_IN_THE_ASTHMA_MANAGEMENT_A_CONCEPTUAL_STUDY_PG_scholar_2_HOD_Kayachikitsa_department/links/55e3f2c408ae6abe6e8e8437/ROLE-OF-PUSHKARMOOL-IN-THE-ASTHMA-MANAGEMENT-A-CONCEPTUAL-STUDY-PG-scholar-2-HOD-Kayachikitsa-department.pdf  
  6. Shaikh AS, Thomas AB, Chitlange SS. Herb–drug interaction studies of herbs used in treatment of cardiovascular disorders—A narrative review of preclinical and clinical studies. Phytotherapy research. 2020 May;34(5):1008-26. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ptr.6585  
  7. Drug Metabolism – The Importance of Cytochrome P450 3A4. https://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/puarticles/march2014drugmetabolismcytochromep4503a4.htm  
  8. Singh TN, Upadhyay BN, Tewari CM, Tripathi SN. Management of diabetes mellitus (prameha) with inula racemosa and cinnamomum tamala. Ancient science of life. 1985 Jul;5(1):9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3331436/  
  9. Srivastava S, Meherunisa. [pdf] behavioural effects of alcoholic extract of different doses of Inula racemosa on mice-an experimental evaluation: Indian journal of applied research. Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Behavioural-Effects-of-Alcoholic-Extract-of-Doses-Srivastava-Meherunisa/aa553a8fd5c0ac21dfe452008492b8b6ac965a0c  
  10. Rana CS, Negi YS, Sawant LP, Raturi PP. Commercial cultivation and sustainability of Pushkarmool (Inula racemosa), a case study from Keylong, Lauhal & Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India. J Mountain Res. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366791117_Commercial_cultivation_and_sustainability_of_Pushkarmool_Inula_racemosa_a_case_study_from_Keylong_Lauhal_Spiti_Himachal_Pradesh_India
  11. Harpal Singh, Parmeet Kaur, B Dutt. Indian elecampane: Potential medicinal and aromatic crop for sustainable development. The Pharma Innovation Journal. 2022;11(9S):152-156. Available from: https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2022/vol11issue9S/PartC/S-11-8-65-391.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability, or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation of the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Betel Nuts: Uses, Benefits and Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

From religious ceremonies to mouth-fresheners, ‘paan supari’ has been an inseparable combination. We know a lot about the ‘paan’ leaves, but not enough attention has been given to ‘supari’ or betel nuts. Betel nuts are the seeds of the fruits of palm trees, which are mostly cultivated in eastern countries like Bangladesh, India, Malaya, Ceylon, Philippines and Japan. The scientific name of betel nut is Areca cattechu Linn. It is commonly known as Areca nut1. In this article, we will learn all that you might want to know about betel nuts, including their health benefits, side effects and precautions, to name a few. 

Nutritional Value of Betel Nuts

Nutritional Components

Betel nuts are rich in a variety of compounds, like carbohydrates, proteins, fibres, minerals like calcium, copper, phosphorus, and iron and Vitamins like Vitamin B6 and C3. Betel nuts are also rich in phytochemicals, which have a high medicinal value. The phytochemicals present in betel nuts include alkaloids like arecoline, guvacoline, guvacine, arecaidine and polyphenols, which mostly include flavonoids like leucocyanidins, catechins, epicatechin and tannins. Here are the Nutritional components of betel nuts with their percentage values:  

Phytochemical Components

Betel nuts are also rich in phytochemicals, which have a high medicinal value. The phytochemicals present in betel nuts include alkaloids like arecoline, guvacoline, guvacine, arecaidine and polyphenols, which mostly include flavonoids like leucocyanidins, catechins, epicatechin and tannins4. Here are the phytochemical components of betel nuts with their percentage values:  

Properties of Betel Nuts

Betel nuts show numerous scientifically proven properties, some of which are mentioned below: 

Uses of Betel Nuts for Overall Health

Some of the health benefits of betel nuts for overall health are:

1. Potential Uses of Betel Nuts on Blood Glucose

Literature studies16 support that the consumption of nuts may help manage blood glucose. Musdja et al. conducted a study7 in 2021. The findings of this study showed that betel nut consumption in diabetic rats helped in reducing blood glucose. This effect is attributed to the presence of alkaloids like arecoline and guvacoline. This indicates that betel nuts have the potential to reduce blood glucose and thus may help manage diabetes. However, to claim these results in humans, we need more studies. It is further advised not to self-medicate and to consult your physician for proper management of abnormal blood glucose. 

2. Potential Uses of Betel Nuts on High Blood Pressure 

Literature studies state that exercising regularly and following a healthy diet consisting of fruits, vegetables, and nuts may have a positive impact on blood pressure. A study4 conducted by Chen et al. in 2021 stated that betel nuts might improve blood circulation and help in reducing high blood pressure. The exact mechanism behind this effect is not known. Therefore, it is advised not to rely on betel nuts as a remedy, and kindly consult your physician for the proper management of hypertension. 

3. Potential Uses of Betel Nuts on Lipid Profile 

A lipid profile is a complete cholesterol test which measures total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), etc. Peng et al. in 2015 conducted a review8, and the summary estimates of this review state that betel nuts may help in lowering elevated lipid levels. However, we need more studies to claim these results with greater reliability. Also, it is advised not to consider the consumption of betel nuts as an alternative to modern medicine; you should always consult your doctor for proper management of an abnormal lipid profile. 

4. Potential Uses of Betel Nuts in Infections 

An infection occurs when germs like bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites invade the body. Ayurveda, or the Indian system of medicine, helps support the use of household remedies for managing infections. A review9 conducted by Peng et al. in 2015 stated that betel nuts might help inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites like tapeworms and ringworms. This effect is due to the presence of polyphenols and alkaloids in betel nuts. This indicates that these nuts may have the potential to manage infections. However, you should not consider these nuts as an alternative to medicines; it is always advised to consult a physician for proper management of any infection. 

5. Potential Uses of Betel Nuts in Allergies and Skin Irritation 

Literature studies support the use of betel nuts in reducing allergies. A study10 conducted in 2015, the summary states that betel nuts may have the potential to manage skin irritation and provide relief from allergies. The exact mechanism behind these effects is unknown; however, it can help reduce inflammation. It is advised to take a professional opinion for the proper treatment of any allergy or skin irritation. You should not consider betel nuts as an alternative to modern medicine.  

6. Potential Uses of Betel Nuts on the Digestive System 

According to studies11, arecoline, which is an alkaloid present in betel nuts, increases the secretion of human saliva and increases the contractions of the digestive system, which helps improve digestion. Traditionally, they have been used for managing constipation. Therefore, betel nuts may positively impact the digestive system. To claim these results with greater reliability, we need more studies. It is further advised not to consider these nuts as an alternative to modern medicine; kindly consult your doctor for proper management of any digestive disorder. 

Other Potential Uses of Betel Nuts

Though there are studies that show the benefits of betel nuts in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of betel nuts on human health.  

How to Use Betel Nuts?

You must consult a qualified doctor before consuming any herbal supplements. You should not discontinue or replace your ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting your doctor.  

Also Read: Masoor Dal: Uses, Benefits, Nutritional Value & more!

Side Effects of Betel Nuts

Liu et al. conducted a study in 201313, which found that commonly reported side effects of betel nuts include nausea, vomiting, dizziness and abdominal pain. A study17 in 2021 stated that betel nuts contain arecoline alkaloid; if consumed in larger amounts, it can be poisonous and may increase the risk of cancer.

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to betel nuts, it is advised to discontinue their intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it, as they will guide you properly for your symptoms. 

Also Read: Kayam Churna: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More

Precautions to Take with Betel Nuts

Consuming betel nuts is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, the following considerations must be taken: 

You may become addicted to betel nut chewing, watch out for symptoms of anxiety, insomnia and mood swings14. If you face these complaints, it is likely that you’re facing betel nut addiction. Consult your doctor for proper advice on betel nut withdrawal. 

Consumption of betel nuts is contraindicated in people with: 

Also Read: Kanchanar Guggulu: Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

However, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of betel nuts with other drugs. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is betel nut? 

Betel nuts are the seeds of the fruits of palm trees which are mostly cultivated in eastern countries like Bangladesh, India, Malaya, Ceylon, Philippines and Japan1

What is betel nut called in Hindi?

In Hindi, betel nuts are called supari. 

Do betel nuts benefit hair loss?

No, there are no proven results on the effects of betel nuts on hair loss. 

Can you take betel nuts during pregnancy?

The safety of betel nut consumption during pregnancy is not well-established; it is therefore advised to avoid its use and consult your doctor for the same. 

References

  1. Arjungi KN. Areca nut: a review. Arzneimittel-forschung. 1976 Jan 1; 26(5):951-6. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/786304/ 
  2. Kumar A, Oswal K, Singh R, Kharodia N, Pradhan A, Sethuraman L, Venkataramanan R, Purushotham A. Assessment of areca nut use, practice and dependency among people in Guwahati, Assam: a cross-sectional study. Ecancermedicalscience. 2021; 15. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8043683/ 
  1. Shwetha HR, Kotrashetti VS, Reddy N, Chaitanya BN. Estimation of the Major Constituents of Areca nut in its different forms. Austin J. Nutri. Food Sci. 2019; 7:1-5. Available at: https://austinpublishinggroup.com/nutrition-food-sciences/fulltext/ajnfs-v7-id1113.pdf 
  2. Chen X, He Y, Deng Y. Chemical composition, pharmacological, and toxicological effects of betel nut. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2021 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8387188/
  3. Khan S, Mehmood MH, Ali ANA, Ahmed FS, Dar A, Gilani AH. Studies on anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of betel nut in rodents. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2011 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378874111002157
  4. Anthikat RN, Michael A. Study on the areca nut for its antimicrobial properties. Journal of Young Pharmacists. 2009 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-1483.51874
  5. Musdja MY, Nurdin A, Musir A. Antidiabetic effect and glucose tolerance of areca nut (Areca catechu) seed ethanol extract on alloxan-induced diabetic male rats. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science. 2020 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340740389_Antidiabetic_effect_and_glucose_tolerance_of_areca_nut_Areca_catechu_seed_ethanol_extract_on_alloxan-induced_diabetic_male_rats 
  6. Xu M, Su S, Jiang S, Li W, Zhang Z, Zhang J, et al. Short-term arecoline exposure affected the systemic health state of mice, in which gut microbes played an important role. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2023 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323005596 
  7. Yamson EC, Tubalinal GASP, Viloria VV, Mingala CN. Anthelmintic effect of betel nut (Areca catechu) and neem (Azadirachta indica) extract against liver fluke (Fasciola spp.). Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research. 2019 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6702922/ 
  8. Sun Y, Feng J, Hou W, Qi H, Liu Y. Comprehensive insights into areca nut: active components and omics technologies for bioactivity evaluation and quality control. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2024 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11169615/
  9. Sun H, Yu W, Li H, Hu X, Wang X. Bioactive components of Areca nut: An overview of their positive impacts targeting different organs. Nutrients. 2024 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10935369/ 
  10. Liu PF, Chang YF. The controversial roles of Areca Nut: medicine or toxin? International Journal of Molecular Sciences [Internet]. 2023 May 19;24(10):8996. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10219234/ 
  11. Gupta AK, Tulsyan S, Thakur N, Sharma V, Sinha DN, Mehrotra R. Chemistry, metabolism and pharmacology of carcinogenic alkaloids present in areca nut and factors affecting their concentration. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology [Internet]. 2019 Dec 2;110:104548. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/areca-nut-extract 
  12. Athukorala IA, Tilakaratne WM, Jayasinghe RD. ARECa Nut chewing: Initiation, addiction, and harmful effects emphasizing the barriers and importance of cessation. Journal of Addiction. 2021 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8192186/
  13. Garg A, Chaturvedi P, Gupta PC. A review of the systemic adverse effects of areca nut or betel nut. Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. 2014 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4080659/ 
  14. Musdja MY, Nurdin A, Musir A. Antidiabetic effect and glucose tolerance of areca nut (Areca catechu) seed ethanol extract on alloxan-induced diabetic male rats. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020 Mar 1 (Vol. 462, No. 1, p. 012036). IOP Publishing. Available at: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/462/1/012036/pdf 
  15. Gupta AK, Tulsyan S, Thakur N, Sharma V, Sinha DN, Mehrotra R. Chemistry, metabolism and pharmacology of carcinogenic alkaloids present in areca nut and factors affecting their concentration. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2019 [cited 2025 Apr 11]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230019303125

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Benefits of Agni Mudra and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Introduction

We all know about yoga and pranayama, but did you know about mudra science? Mudra science is an ancient science known to connect energies called vata (energy of movement), kapha (energy of lubrication), and pitta (energy of digestion). Mudras are known to be a means for the expression of internal feelings by the use of different gestures involving the hands, feet, and other parts of the body. Out of the five categories of mudras, hasta mudra, or hand gestures are known to have potential benefits on mental, physical, and emotional well-being. In this article, we will explore the health benefits of one such mudra, agni mudra1.

What is Agni Mudra?

Agni mudra belongs to the hasta or the hand mudra category and is the most commonly practiced hasta mudra. It is also known as Surya mudra or the gesture of the sun. The name agni mudra comes from the Sanskrit word ‘agni’, which means fire, and ‘mudra’ means a seal lock or hand gesture. The practice of this mudra is known to eliminate the earth (Prithvi) element and increase the fire element (agni) present in the body2 .

How to Do It?

Let us learn how to do agni mudra 2:

Note: Close your eyes and breathe normally, and perform this mudra daily for 45 minutes at a stretch or for 15 minutes three times a day. It is best to practice this mudra on an empty stomach in the morning. 

Did you know?

Benefits of Agni Mudra

Keeping the origin and history in mind, let us now discuss the benefits of agni mudra. 

1. The Benefit of Agni Mudra on the Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small gland located at the front of your neck that is responsible for the production of the thyroid hormone, which plays an important role in growth, development, and metabolic processes. Kumar et al. conducted a study2 in 2022 proving that the practice of agni mudra may have a positive impact on thyroid function. However, the practice of this mudra should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. So, consult your doctor for proper treatment of any thyroid disorder and do not rely on this mudra alone. Additionally, one should practice agni mudra under the supervision of a qualified trainer3.

2. The Benefit of Agni Mudra in Diabetes

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases affecting individuals globally. With this change, people now realize that in addition to medicines, diet and exercise may help manage diabetes. A study3 carried out by Raveendran et al. in 2018 explained that the practice of agni mudra, along with other mudras, may be effective in reducing blood glucose levels and managing diabetes. However, you should not consider the practice of this mudra as an alternative to modern medicine. You should consult your doctor for proper management of diabetes. Additionally, the practice of this mudra should be done strictly under the guidance of a qualified trainer4.

3. The Benefit of Agni Mudra on Mental Health

Literature shows that the practice of asanas, pranayamas, and mudras may positively impact mental health.  A study6 conducted by Mukhopadhyay et al. in 2021 stated that agni mudra may help reduce stress and tension and may improve emotional and social well-being. This may help positively impact mental health. However, you should not rely on this mudra alone and consult your doctor for proper treatment of depression. Additionally, the practice of this mudra should be carried out under the guidance of a qualified trainer2.

4. Benefit of Agni Mudra on Obesity

As per studies, agni mudra is associated with the heating element of the body and is known to dissolve extra fat in the body; thus, it positively impacts obesity. Mukhopadhyay et al. 2021 conducted a study6 where it was found that the practice of agni mudra may help in weight loss and, thus, help manage obesity. The practice of this mudra should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. So, consult your doctor for proper management of obesity and do not rely on this mudra alone. Additionally, one should practice agni mudra under the supervision of a qualified trainer3.

5. The Benefit of Agni Mudra on Cholesterol

Literature studies support that the practice of yoga asanas, pranayamas, and mudras may positively impact cholesterol and, thus, reduce the risk of developing heart diseases. Kumar et al. conducted a study2 in 2022 that stated that the practice of agni mudra might help in lowering LDL or bad cholesterol. Even then, the practice of this mudra should not be considered as an alternative to modern medicine. You should consult your doctor for proper management of high cholesterol. Further, it is advised to practice agni mudra under the guidance of a qualified trainer3.

6. The Benefit of Agni Mudra on Seasonal Flu

Research shows that the practice of yoga asanas, pranayamas, and mudras may have a positive impact on fever and seasonal flu. Kumar et al. in 2022 conducted a study2 showing that the practice of agni mudra may help manage fever. As the practice of this mudra is known to increase the fire element in the body, it is believed that this effect may have a positive impact on fever. Additionally, this mudra may help manage flu symptoms. However, the practice of this mudra should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine, and this mudra should be practised under the guidance of a qualified trainer3.

7. Other Benefits of Agni Mudra

Note- The benefits of agni mudra are studied in a limited human population. Still, more research is needed to claim the positive effects of agni mudra. 

Although the practice of yoga asanas, pranayamas, and mudras may help in the development of the mind and body, you should not consider them as an alternative to modern medicine. It is advised not to rely on mudras alone to treat any condition. Kindly consult a qualified doctor for proper treatment. Additionally, any mudra practice should be done under the supervision of a qualified trainer. 

From my experience, the practice of Agni Mudra might have positive effects on body temperature regulation. When combined with Surya Namaskar (Sun Salutation) during winter or in other cold conditions, Agni Mudra may help maintain body temperature and lessen shivering6.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Also Read: Benefits of Adho Mukha Svanasana (Downward Facing Dog) and How to Do it 

Risks of Agni Mudra

The precautions and contraindications of asanas should also be kept in consideration when performing mudras. Cautions need to be taken when performing agni mudra5:

In people with pitta dosha (agni or fire dominant) and Kapha dosha (Prithvi or earth dominant), caution needs to be taken as agni mudra increases the fire element and decreases the earth element in the body.

The contraindications of agni mudra are listed below5:

Note: It is best to consult your Ayurvedic physician for possible foods that may increase the level of agni in your body. It will be best to avoid the consumption of these foods while practicing agni mudra. Additionally, consult your physician to know about the nature of your body, also known as ‘Prakriti’.  

In my experience, I have noticed that Agni Mudra might help provide relief from various issues caused by cold weather. It may help alleviate symptoms such as dry skin, sore throat, and even painful joints1.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Conclusion

Agni mudra belongs to the hasta or the hand mudra category and is also known as Surya mudra as the sun signifies fiery energy. The name agni mudra comes from the Sanskrit word ‘agni’ which means fire, and mudra means a seal lock or hand gesture. The practice of this mudra is known to eliminate the earth (prithvi) element and increase the fire element (agni) present in the body. The practice of this mudra may help in exerting a positive impact on depression, diabetes, thyroid gland, cholesterol, obesity, fever, and constipation. 

Also Read: Benefits of Ardha Matsyendrasana (Half Fish Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Agni mudra belongs to which category of mudras? 

Agni mudra belongs to the hasta or the hand mudra category2.

What is the meaning of agni mudra?

The name agni mudra comes from the Sanskrit word ‘agni’, which means fire and ‘mudra’ means a seal lock or hand gesture2.

What are the benefits of agni mudra? 

The practice of this mudra may help in exerting a positive impact on diabetes, depression, obesity, fever, thyroid gland, fever and cholesterol2,4.

Is it safe to practice agni mudra during pregnancy?

There is limited information regarding the safety of agni mudra during pregnancy. It is therefore advised to consult your doctor for proper guidance. 

Which is the agni vardhak mudra in yoga?

Agni mudra is also known as agni vardhak mudra as it is known to increase the ‘agni’ (fire) element in the body2.

References

1. Sunitha S, CP S. Mudra therapy and its classification. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research (IJHSR). 2021; 11(1):118-26. Available at: https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR_Vol.11_Issue.1_Jan2021/IJHSR16.pdf 

2. Kumar SN, Venu A, Jaya MH. Effect of yoga mudras in improving the health of users: A precautionary measure practice in daily life for resisting the deadly COVID-19 disease. In Lessons from COVID-19 2022 Jan 1 (pp. 41-59). Academic Press. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9347266/ 

3. Raveendran AV, Deshpandae A, Joshi SR. Therapeutic role of yoga in type 2 diabetes. Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2018 Sep 1; 33(3):307-17. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6145966/ 

4. AYUSH Ministry, Government of India. Yoga Do’s & Don’ts by AYUSH Ministry [Internet].Available from: https://www.scribd.com/document/725756281/Yoga-do-dont-by-ayush-ministry

5. Shilpa S, Murthy CV. Understanding personality from Ayurvedic perspective for psychological assessment: A case. Ayu. 2011 Jan; 32(1):12. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3215408/

 6. Mukhopadhyay K. Bandha (Inner Lock)-Mudra (Hand Gesture): Essences of Optimizing Health. Int J Adv Res Sci Commun Technol (IJARSCT). 2021 Nov;11(1):293-308. DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-2124. Available from: https://ijarsct.co.in/Paper2124.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability, or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation of the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Benefits of Adi Mudra and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht

Introduction

The word yoga is derived from the Sanskrit word yuj, which means “to connect.” Due to its simplicity of use and astounding outcomes, yoga has won the hearts of everyone. Yoga is popular not only among the older generations but among, the younger generations as well. 

Mudra therapy is an ancient and effective therapy taught by sages. Mudras denote a movement of the hands, eyes, and body. Mudras work on the principle of transfer of energy from a higher to a lower level. Mudras are simple and very effective. Adi mudra is a type of hasta mudra, meaning it is practiced using hand gestures. 

Adi mudra connects all the fingers of the hand and forms a seal.  It is a hand gesture performed while sitting on the ground or on a chair1,2,3

Nowadays, stress has become part and parcel of our lives. If, like most people, you also suffer from stress, then Adi Mudra is the way to go! 

What is Adi Mudra?

There are many types of mudras. Adi or Adhi mudra is one of them. It is also known as primordial mudra or a baby’s gesture. Adi is a Sanskrit term meaning ‘first’. Adi mudra is one of the simplest mudras. It tends to focus on the breathing pattern and can be done along with asanas. 

Adi mudra may assist in the improvement of the health of the human body and may help in the management of stress levels1,4.

Did You Know?

  • Adi mudra received its name from the hand posture of the foetus inside the mother’s womb. It is the position of the hands the foetus is capable of making inside the womb of a mother and looks like a fist. 
  • Adi mudra is also known as the first gesture or primal seal. 
  • It is commonly practiced with pranayama (breathing technique). 
  • It can also be performed with asana to calm and quiet the nervous system. 
  • Like all mudras, the purpose of adi mudra is to direct the energy flow to certain parts of the body1,3.

How to Do It?

To get the optimal benefits of adi mudra, it is necessary to do it properly. Wear comfortable clothes while performing mudras. The steps to perform adi mudra are as follows: 

Benefits of Adi Mudra

Some of the potential benefits of adi mudra are as follows:  

1. Benefits of Adi Mudra for the Lungs

respiratory system

A study was carried out by Suresh M et al. in 2018 on the combined effects of mudra pranayama and sudarshan kriya on humans. The lung function of the volunteers was monitored before, during and after the study. The study6 results showed a significant improvement in the ECG, which could be attributed to improved lung function. More research, however, is required to demonstrate the impact of adi mudra on the lungs. Therefore, please see your doctor for better health outcomes. 

Practising Adi mudra is quite beneficial for overall health. It might have many several effects which include relaxation of the nervous system, snoring reduction, increase in blood circulation to the brain, and capacity of the lung9.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

2. Benefits of Adi Mudra for Stress and Depression

depression

Cortisol is a primary stress hormone in the body. An investigation done by Suresh et al. in 2018 randomly monitored the cortisol levels of the patients during the study6,7. There was a significant decrease in the plasma cortisol levels within 15 days and 85% of volunteers suffering from mild to moderate depression reported complete relief from stress and fatigue. However, further studies are required to check if adi mudra may be beneficial in managing stress and depression. Therefore, it is recommended to consult your doctor if you have high stress levels or symptoms of depression.

3. Benefits of Adi Mudra on the Blood Pressure

blood pressure

In a study6 conducted by Suresh M et al. in 2018, an electrocardiogram (ECG) of volunteers with mild to moderate hypertension was used to monitor their blood pressure. In this group of volunteers with high blood pressure (hypertension), there was a 25% reduction in blood pressure. However, more research is yet to be done to confirm if adi mudra may be beneficial for lowering blood pressure. Therefore, you must consult your doctor for abnormal blood pressure instead of self-medicating.

4. Benefits of Adi Mudra on Blood Sugar

regulates blood sugar

Adi mudra may potentially be used to reduce blood sugar levels. Research done by Suresh et al. in 2018 studied the blood sugar levels of a group of volunteers. The study reported the reversal of blood sugar parameters to normal. However, further studies are required to confirm if adi mudra may be beneficial for the management of blood sugar. Therefore, it is advised to consult your doctor if you have high blood sugar levels instead of self-medicating6.

5. Benefit of Adi Mudra for Mental Well-being

brain

In a study8 done by Vasan in 2022, the volunteers were evaluated based on their mental well-being in relation to the visual strain due to screen time. The study showed positive results in improving mental well-being and some reduction in the strain on the eyes by those who practised combined yoga therapy. For lack of better evidence, it can be said that adi mudra may have a positive relation to mental well-being. However, this claim needs further research to prove its efficacy for a larger population. Hence, it is better to take a professional opinion if you are facing mental health issues.  

When you practise Adi mudra, your body uses clavicular (upper chest) breathing. This way Adi mudra might help in stimulation of the brain which is closely associated with the crown chakra10.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

6. Other Benefits of Adi Mudra

adi mudra

Yoga practice might be useful to stimulate the mind and body. That being said, it should not be used as an alternative to any medicine. One should not rely on yoga alone to treat any condition. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional who will be able to assess your condition properly. Moreover, it is important to practice and learn yoga under the supervision of a certified yoga teacher to avoid any injuries.  

Also Read: Benefits of Chinmaya Mudra and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht

Risks of Adi Mudra

There weren’t any associated risks or contraindications that have been investigated or reported to date. However it is important to take necessary precautions in some conditions while performing adi mudra. The most important conditions are listed below: 

If you are performing adi mudra for any health problems, makes sure not to replace any kind of traditional care or medicine. Consult a doctor before self-medicating or replacing any kind of medication for yoga5

With the guidance of an experienced and certified yoga instructor, we can further analyze the risk factors and continue to practice the exercise with precautions. 

Also Read: Benefits of Dandasana (Staff Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Conclusion

Mudras are an age old effective form of therapy. In Sanskrit, ‘adi’ means ‘first’ and mudras define gestures hence the name ‘primordial mudra’. Adi mudra may help guide the energy flow to certain parts of the body. It may help improve the flow of oxygen to the body, lower the blood sugar levels and decrease the cortisol levels (stress hormone), thereby perhaps decreasing stress, lowering bad cholesterol and increasing lung capacity. It is recommended to perform adi mudra under professional guidance. 

Also Read: Benefits of Gyan Mudra and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the benefits of Adi Mudra? 

It may help improve the flow of oxygen to the body, lower blood sugar levels, and decrease cortisol levels (stress hormone), thereby decreasing stress, lower bad cholesterol and increasing lung capacity. 

Is adi mudra and Adishakti Mudra the same? 

No, Adi mudra is different from Adishakti mudra.

Is Adi Mudra beneficial in covid-19? 

Adi mudra may potentially increase the breathing capacity of the lungs, which in turn might be useful in COVID-19. Even so, it is better to consult a professional before substituting Adi Mudra for any kind of treatment or care.  

What are the effects of Adi Mudra on stress? 

Adi mudra may be beneficial in the management of stress and depression as it may potentially reduce cortisol levels (stress hormone). 

Can we practise Adi Mudra at home?     

Yes, adi mudra can be performed at home. However, it is advised to seek guidance from a certified yoga trainer or an experienced professional. 

References

  1. Kumar, S.N., et al. “Effect of Yoga Mudras in Improving the Health of Users: A Precautionary Measure Practice in Daily Life for Resisting the Deadly Covid-19 Disease.” Lessons from COVID-19, June 2022, pp. 41–59., https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99878-9.00001-7  
  2. S, Sunitha, and Chandra Prakash Sharma. Mudra Therapy and Its Classification – IJHSR. Jan. 2021, https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR_Vol.11_Issue.1_Jan2021/IJHSR16.pdf.  
  3. Kumar KS, Srinivasan TM, Ilavarasu J, Mondal B, Nagendra HR. Classification of Electrophotonic Images of Yogic Practice of Mudra through Neural Networks. Int J Yoga. 2018 May-Aug;11(2):152-156. Available on: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29755225/ 
  4. Vandali, Vijayreddy, and Rekha B Biradar. “Yoga Mudras: Benefits.” International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management, vol. 6, no. 4, Aug. 2018, p. 324., https://doi.org/10.5958/2454-2652.2018.00074.4  
  5. Bharti, Jaya, and Manini Srivastava. Yoga: A Historical Perspective with Types, Mudras, Benefits & Risk Factor. Mar. 2018, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361316363_YOGA_A_HISTORICAL_PERSPECTIVE_WITH_TYPES_MUDRAS_BENEFITS_RISK_FACTOR  
  6. Suresh, Meenakshi, and K Suresh. “Biochemical Studies on the Combined Effects of Sudarshan Kriya and Mudra Pranayam on Human Body: A Preliminary Investigation.” The Pharma Innovation Journal, AkiNik Publications, 15 Jan. 2018, https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/?year=2018&vol=7&issue=1&ArticleId=1625   
  7. Cay, Mahmut et al. “Effect of increase in cortisol level due to stress in healthy young individuals on dynamic and static balance scores.” Northern clinics of Istanbul vol. 5,4 295-301. 29 May. 2018. Available on: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6371989/ 
  8. Vasan, Latha. Influence of Trataka and Pranayama Practices on Adolescents with … June 2022, https://vayuusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/vayu-doc-ms-thesis-2022-vasan-latha.pdf. https://vayuusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/vayu-doc-ms-thesis-2022-vasan-latha.pdf  
  9. Powerful Yoga Mudras at Your Fingertips [Internet]. The Art of Living; c2023 [cited 2025 Dec 26]. Available from: https://www.artofliving.org/in-en/yoga/beginners/powerful-yoga-mudra-at-your-fingertips#Adi
  10. Kirk M, Boon B, DiTuro D. Hatha Yoga Illustrated. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2005. 248 pp. Available from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=eO96DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT8&dq=adi+mudra+benefits&ots=rPu7MHY1aF&sig=dryL7EO34xWx3OcoISSEEW10W6A&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=adi%20mudra%20benefits&f=false

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes. 

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Vacha (Acorus calamus): Uses, Benefits and Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Introduction

In the Ayurvedic medicine system, Vacha may be considered a well known medicinal herb used for over 100 years. Vacha, scientifically known as the Acorus calamus, belongs to the family Acoraceae. The Vacha plant is a grass like semi-aquatic herb that grows in moist, marshy lands like ponds, rivers and swamps. Vacha plant is an aromatic herb with creeping rhizomes which has a pleasant and sweet odour due to its essential oils. According to the Red Data Book, the Vacha plant has been considered one of the threatened species. It is native to India and grows in the marshy lands of Kashmir, Manipur and Nagaland. However, it is also found in other countries such as Europe, Russia, Asia, China, Sri Lanka, Japan, Burma, Indonesia, the USA and Canada. Other names of the Vacha plant are calamus, sweet calomel, sweet flag, sweet sedge, myrtle flag, Haimavati, Sadgrantha, Bach, Vekhand, etc1,3.​​ Let us read more about the Vacha plant benefits, nutritional facts, potential uses and more. 

Nutritional Value of Vacha

One hundred grams of Vacha may have 121.65 Kcal of energy4.​​ The nutritional value of the Vacha plant is as under: 

β-asarone is the major phytochemical constituent present in Vacha. Furthermore, other phytonutrients like tannins, β carotene, phytic acids, choline, flavones, ethanol methanol, camphor, eugenol and phenols may also be present in Vacha1,2,4.​

Properties of Vacha

Vacha medicinal plant may include the following properties1,5:

Potential Uses of Vacha

The following may be the potential uses of Vacha: 

1. Potential uses of Vacha for Diarrhoea

stomach pain

Vacha may have anti-diarrhoeal activity. An animal study1,2 by Kapadia et. al in 2012 reported that Vacha plant extract might contain phytochemicals like glycosides and saponins. These phytochemicals in the extract may help relieve symptoms of diarrhoea and dysentery. The experimental analysis showed that a single dose of Vacha extract significantly decreased the severity of diarrhoea and reduced the rate of excretion in animal models. However, this information is insufficient as this study is conducted on animals. More human research is needed to suggest the uses of the Vacha plant for diarrhoea. If you have diarrhoea, consult with doctors and do not self-medicate.

2. Potential uses of Vacha for Constipation

digestion

A diet low in fibre might cause complications like constipation. A study4 by Oyenuga and Fetuga in 1975 suggests that the crude fibre content of the Vacha plant rhizome is as high as about 6.5%. Adding fibre to a diet might help absorb essential minerals in the stomach, increase the digestion process and decrease cholesterol absorption. However, excess consumption should be avoided. Hence Vacha may possess beneficial effects on constipation. Furthermore, clinical studies are needed to continue using Vacha for constipation. To solve your constipation problems, consult a specialist. Avoid self-medication. 

3. Potential Uses of Vacha for Ulcers

Gastric Ulcers

The Vacha rhizome extract may have anti-ulcer activity. An animal testing experiment by Rafatullah et al. 1994 suggests that it may contain certain compounds that might stop the stomach’s acidic secretion and help defend the mucosal lining from ulcer causing agents2 . However, further research in humans is needed to use the Vacha plant for managing ulcers. If you have ulcers, kindly consult a qualified doctor and get proper treatment. 

4. Potential uses of Vacha for Mental Disorders

may trigger mental illness

The Vacha plant in Ayurveda may have been listed as a traditional plant used as a brainpower-enhancing agent that can act against mental disorders including depression. A study1,2 by Manikandan et al., 2005 suggested that Vacha extract may decrease the brain lipid peroxide (free radicles damage the brain cells). This might have a beneficial effect on memory disorder and learning performance. When combined with Polygala root, Vacha might help maintain the mental well-being and intellectual power of the elderly. It may also help with memory loss, confusion, consciousness loss and forgetfulness. Vacha plant may act as a rejuvenator, enhancing brain functions and building memory power. More human research is required to study the true scope of Vacha on mental health. Consult a qualified doctor for any mental health difficulties. 

5. Other Potential Uses of Vacha

vacha
Image Source: freepik.com

Though studies show the potential uses of Vacha in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a necessity for further studies to develop the scope of the benefits of Vacha on human health.  

Based on what I have noticed, Vacha has been proven beneficial for various conditions in traditional medicine. It is known to possibly help reduce swelling and address skin conditions effectively.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

How to Use Vacha?

You may use the Vacha plant as follows: 

You should consult a qualified doctor before having Vacha in large quantities. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing modern medical treatment with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation of Vacha without consulting an ayurvedic physician. They will guide you with its form and dosage per your health condition. 

Judging from what I have seen, Vacha has a unique ability to control elevated body temperature caused by Glycopyrrolate (a medication). This might be helpful for patients who already have high body temperature, as it promotes sweating and helps regulate body heat6.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Vacha

Safety analyses of Vacha on animals have shown that Vacha extract may have toxic effects. Below may be some Vacha plant side effects: 

If you experience such side effects, immediately consult a doctor and get the proper treatment.  

Based on my experience, I can say that Vacha works wonders when it comes to easing uncomfortable cold in children. It’s like a wonder medicine for cough and sore throat! By simply sucking on a small piece of Vacha, children with difficult cold and cough might find relief from these uncomfortable conditions7.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Precautions to Take with Vacha

Having Vacha in small quantities might be safe. However, eating in more significant amounts may be harmful. Therefore, precautions are necessary: 

Also Read: Barley: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Interactions with Other Drugs

Vacha plants may interfere with certain drugs/medicines, leading to herb drug interaction. 

Therefore, you should avoid having Vacha preparations with any medicine and if any complications arise, take doctor’s consultations.  

Also Read: Nishigandha (Tuberose): Uses, Benefits and Side effects by Dr. Smita Barode

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the side effects/safety issues of the Vacha plant?

The Vacha plant side effects may include stomach irritation, disturbed digestion, persistent constipation, gastroenteritis, diarrhoea and passage of blood into the faeces2,4. If you experience such side effects after having Vacha preparations, immediately consult a doctor and get appropriate medication.  

What are the other names of Vacha?

Vacha plant in Hindi is called Bach in English is called Calamus, Sweet Calomel, Sweet Flag, Sweet Sedge, Myrtle Flag in Marathi is called Vekhand and in Sanskrit is called Haimavati and Sadgrantha1,3.​

What are the properties of the Vacha plant? 

Vacha plant may have activities such as antifungal, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-ulcer antispasmodic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, blood sugar-lowering and lipid-lowering properties. It may also act as a rejuvenator, expectorant, calming and sleep-inducing agent. It may help relieve flatulence and help stop the abnormal growth of cancer cells1,5.​ 

Is the Vacha plant carcinogenic? 

Animal studies by Taylor et al., 1967 and Goggelmann et al., 1983 suggest that Vacha plant may contain a photochemical called β-asarone, which might be carcinogenic. It might have the potential to cause tumours in animals3. However, more information is needed to suggest the carcinogenic effects of Vacha on humans. Therefore, before having it consult a doctor and do not self-medicate. 

Does the Vacha plant interact with other drugs?

 Vacha plant extract may interact with particular anti-depressant medicines (MAO inhibitors)3. Therefore, you should avoid having Vacha extract and anti-depressant drugs simultaneously to avoid herb-drug interaction. 

References

  1. ​​KUMAR A. Medicinal Properties of Acorus calamus. J of Drug Deli and Therapy. 2013;3(3):143–4. Available from: http://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/528 
  2. Sharma V, Singh I, Chaudhary P. Acorus calamus (The Healing Plant): a review on its medicinal potential, micropropagation and conservation. Natu Prod Res. 2014;28(18):1454–66. Available from:- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24824923/ 
  3. Yende S, Tuse T, Yende S, Harle U, Rajgure D, Tuse T, et al. Pharmacological profile of Acorus calamus: An Overview. Phcog Rev. 2008;2(4):22–6. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Subhash-Yende/publication/207178406
  4. Chandran P, Nair A. Nutritional and Anti Nutritional Status of Acorus calamus L. Rhizome. Annals Food Sci and Techno. 2014;15(1):51–9. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265599969
  5. Balakumbahan R, Rajamani K, Kumanan K. Acorus calamus: An overview. J of Med Plants Res. 2010;4(25):2740–5. Available from: https://academicjournals.org/article/article1380712717_Balakumbahan%20et%20al.pdf 
  6. AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda) [Internet]. Wolters Kluwer – Medknow; [cited 2026 Jan 13]. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/AAYU/pages/default.aspx
  7. Kaushik P. Role of Vacha in neurological disorders in paediatrics- a review. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2022;11(4):2301–2308. Available from: https://wjpr.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/article_issue/be1e0cc61073ea97dc0b523c90161fc2.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any change

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Benefits of Rudra Mudra and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Introduction

In yoga, ‘mudras’ are believed to be the gateway to the storehouse of magnetic energy. A ‘mudra’ is a hand gesture or posture that has a specific pattern of fingers. As per Ayurveda, the human body is made of five elements, namely earth, water, fire, space, and wind. Likewise, the five fingers of our hands are known to represent these five elements: the thumb represents fire, the forefinger represents wind, the middle finger symbolizes space, the ring finger symbolizes the Earth, and the little finger represents water. During the practice of mudras, when we apply pressure to the tips of the fingers, it results in the activation of certain regions in the brain and offers numerous health benefits. In this article, we will explore the health benefits of one such mudra, Rudra Mudra1,2.

What is Rudra Mudra?

Rudra mudra belongs to the ‘hasta’ or the hand ‘mudra’ category and is believed to have a powerful healing effect. The name rudra mudra comes from the Sanskrit word ‘rudra’, which is another name for Lord Shiva, and ‘mudra’ means a seal lock or hand gesture. It is a mudra dedicated to Lord Shiva and involves the thumb, index, and ring fingers that symbolize fire, air, and earth elements of the body3.

Note: It is best to practice any mudra with a relaxed mind, closed eyes, and a normal breathing pattern. 

Did You know?

How to Do It?

Let us learn how to do the Rudra mudra3:

If you’re seeking to enhance your concentration, I would suggest considering the practice of Rudra Mudra. This mudra is believed to be potentially beneficial in improving focus and concentration6.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Benefits of Rudra Mudra

Keeping the origin and history in mind, let us now discuss the benefits of Rudra Mudra. 

1. Benefit of rudra mudra in hypertension 

A sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diets may increase the risk of hypertension. Literature studies have shown that eating a healthy diet, exercising, and doing yoga may help in managing blood pressure along with proper treatment. Nagarajan et al. conducted a study3 in 2017 that brought to light that the practice of rudra mudra, along with other mudras, helped in reducing blood pressure. Thus, the practice of rudra mudra may positively impact hypertension, but the practice of this mudra should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. So, consult your doctor for proper treatment of hypertension and do not rely on this mudra alone. Additionally, one should practice rudra mudra under the supervision of a qualified trainer3.

2. Benefit of Rudra Mudra on obesity 

Obesity, which has now become a lifestyle disorder, is characterized by excessive fat accumulation and an excessive increase in body weight. Literature studies state that the practice of asanas, mudras, and pranayamas may have a positive impact on health. A study3 conducted by Nagarajan et al. in 2017 explained that the practice of rudra mudra, along with other mudras, may be effective in reducing body weight and managing obesity. Additionally, the practice of this mudra may improve the metabolism of food and digestion by stimulating the manipura chakra. However, you should not consider the practice of this mudra as an alternative to modern medicine. You should consult your doctor for proper management of obesity3.

3. Benefit of Rudra Mudra on depression 

Depression is a mood disorder that is characterized by a feeling of sadness and loss of interest, which can affect daily activities. Literature studies show that the practice of asanas, pranayamas, and mudras may positively impact depression. Umesh Yadav, a Yogacharya at Jawaharlal Nehru University in 2021, stated8 that Rudra Mudra may help reduce stress and anxiety; this indicates that Rudra Mudra may have the potential to manage depression; however, you should not rely on this mudra alone and consult your doctor for proper treatment. Additionally, the practice of this mudra should be carried out under the guidance of a qualified trainer4.

4. Benefit of Rudra Mudra on type-II diabetes 

Type II diabetes is characterized by increased blood glucose levels due to a deficiency or resistance to the insulin hormone, which is known to regulate blood glucose. Raveendran et al., in 2018, conducted a study4 that stated that the practice of hasta mudras may help reduce blood glucose levels and help manage type-II diabetes. Thus, the practice of rudra mudra may have the potential to show similar effects, but the practice of this mudra should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. So, consult your doctor for proper treatment of Type-II diabetes and do not rely on this mudra alone. Additionally, one should practice rudra mudra under the supervision of a qualified trainer5

5. Benefit of Rudra Mudra on neck and back pain 

Faulty postures and being inactive for long periods have increased the frequency of neck and back pain episodes. Literature studies support the practice of yoga asanas, pranayamas, and mudras, which may help in alleviating neck and back pain. Nagarajan et al. conducted a study3 in 2017 that stated that the practice of Rudra mudra may help manage neck and back pain, but the practice of this mudra should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. You should consult your doctor for proper treatment of chronic neck and back pain. Further, it is advised to practice Rudra mudra under the guidance of a qualified trainer3.

6. Other benefits of Rudra Mudra

Note- The benefits of rudra mudra are studied in a limited human population. Still, more research is needed to claim the positive effects of rudra mudra. 

Rudra Mudra is a hand gesture that I often recommended for enhancing eyesight. Practising this mudra might have a positive impact on vision and may help improve eyesight over time when done consistently6.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Although the practice of yoga asanas, pranayamas, and mudras may help in the development of the mind and body, you should not consider them as an alternative to modern medicine. It is advised not to rely on mudras alone to treat any condition. Kindly consult a qualified doctor for proper treatment. Additionally, any mudra practice should be done under the supervision of a qualified trainer. 

From my understanding, I have come to learn that practising Rudra Mudra might be beneficial in reducing cholesterol levels. It’s worth trying as a natural approach to boost your cardiovascular health7.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Risks of Rudra Mudra

As mudras are practised along with yogasanas, the cautions that need to be taken during the practice of asanas should also be kept in consideration when performing mudras. Cautions need to be taken in the mentioned scenarios when performing rudra mudra:

As any mudra is practised along with yogasanas, the contraindications of yoga asanas will also apply to the practice of mudras. The following are the contraindications of rudra mudra:

Also Read: Benefits of Bhujangasana and How to Do It By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Conclusion

Rudra mudra belongs to the hasta or the hand mudra category and is believed to have a powerful healing effect. The name Rudra Mudra comes from the Sanskrit word ‘rudra’, which is another name for Lord Shiva, and mudra means a seal lock or hand gesture. The practice of this mudra may help in exerting a positive impact on depression, hypertension, obesity, and back and neck pain. 

Also Read: Benefits of Bhastrika Pranayama (Bellow’s Breath) and How to Do It By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Frequently Asked Questions ( FAQs)

What is the meaning of Rudra Mudra? 

The name Rudra Mudra comes from the Sanskrit word ‘rudra’, which is another name for Lord Shiva, and mudra means a seal lock or hand gesture3.

Rudra mudra belongs to which category of mudras? 

Rudra mudra belongs to the hasta or the hand mudra category3.

What are the benefits of Rudra Mudra? 

The practice of this mudra may help in exerting a positive impact on depression, type II diabetes, obesity, and back and neck pain3,5.

Is it safe to practice Rudra Mudra during pregnancy? 

There is limited information regarding the safety of Rudra Mudra during pregnancy. It is therefore advised to consult your doctor for proper guidance. 

Does Rudra Mudra benefit obesity?  

Yes, studies have shown that Rudra Mudra may have a positive impact on obesity. However, you should not rely on this mudra alone and consult your doctor for proper management of obesity4.

References

  1. Kumar KS, Srinivasan TM, Ilavarasu J, Mondal B, Nagendra HR. Classification of electrophotonic images of yogic practice of mudra through neural networks. International Journal of Yoga. 2018 May; 11(2):152. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5934951/ 
  2. Sunitha S, CP S. Mudra therapy and its classification. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research (IJHSR). 2021; 11(1):118-26. Available at: https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR_Vol.11_Issue.1_Jan2021/IJHSR16.pdf 
  3. Nagarajan M, Mayuranathan M, Jayanthi S. A deep survey on sole and essence of hand mudra (s). Int J Creat Res Thoughts. 2017 Oct; 5:378-83. Available at: https://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT1704050.pdf 
  4. Raveendran AV, Deshpandae A, Joshi SR. Therapeutic role of yoga in type 2 diabetes. Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2018 Sep 1; 33(3):307-17. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6145966/ 
  5. AYUSH Ministry, Government of India. Yoga Do’s & Don’ts by AYUSH Ministry [Internet].Available from: https://www.scribd.com/document/725756281/Yoga-do-dont-by-ayush-ministry
  6. Wile N. Teaching and Practicing Mudras and Mantras. [place unknown]: Yoga Education Institute; 2015. Available from: https://yogaeducation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/mudras-mantra.pdf
  7. Priyadarshi S. Never Visit a Doctor: How to Stay Fit and Healthy Forever. Chennai: Notion Press; 2020. Availafrom from : https://books.google.co.in/books?id=gbPvDwAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA16&lpg=RA1-PA16&dq=rudra+mudra+benefits.gov&source#v=onepage&q&f=false
  8. Sankhe A. Benefits of Rudra Mudra and How to Do It [Internet]. FirstPlus Home Healthcare; 2023 Dec 17 [cited 2025 Sep 15]. Available from: https://firstplushomehealthcare.com/benefits-of-rudra-mudra-and-how-to-do-it-by-dr-ankit-sankhe-2/#:~:text=Depression%20is%20a%20mood%20disorder,your%20doctor%20for%20proper%20treatment.

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability, or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Benefits of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana and How to Do It by Dr. Himani Bisht

Introduction

“Yoga is the science and art of healthy living”. It is a spiritual practice that attempts to bring harmony between the body and mind. The science of yoga is rooted in Indian origin and is now well-established worldwide. The practice of yoga was first described in Yoga Sutras, a classic text by Patanjali1. Yoga is known to integrate our physical, mental, and spiritual components to improve our overall health. This mind-body activity involves moving through a series of asanas (body postures) or pranayamas (breathing techniques). In this article, we will explore the health benefits of one such asana, parivrtta parsvakonasana. 

What is Parivrtta Parsvakonasana?

Parivrtta parsvakonasana is a standing asana coupled with a spinal twist, in which one leg is stretched straight and the upper body is twisted, giving an intense stretch. The name comes from the Sanskrit words; “parivrtta”, which means turned round or revolved, “parsva”, which means side, “kona”, which means angle, and “asana”, meaning yoga pose or posture. This translates to revolved lateral angle pose in English2.

Did you know?

How to Do It?

Parivrtta parsvakonasana must be done correctly for maximum health benefits. Let us now learn how to do parivrtta parsvakonasana: 

Note: it is best to practice any asana empty stomach or a minimum of four hours have elapsed since you had a meal, whichever is sooner. The best time to practice parivrtta parsvakonasana is early morning, as the body is active and fresh. 

Researchers believe that regular practice of yogasanas, including parivrtta parsvakonasana, may aid in diabetes. The yogasanas are believed to massage the internal organs and improve insulin sensitivity, which may lower blood sugar levels. Additionally, yogasanas like the Surya Namaskar may burn fat and glucose, lowering blood sugar levels7.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Benefits of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana

Keeping the origin and history in mind, let us now discuss some benefits of parivrtta parsvakonasana, which will make this asana worth trying. Enlisted below are a few health benefits of parivrtta parsvakonasana. 

1. Benefit of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana in Arthritis

arthritis
Image Source: freepik.com

Arthritis is the swelling and inflammation of one or more joints in the body, which results in pain and stiffness in the joints. B.K.S. Iyengar, in his book3 “Light on Yoga”, states that the practice of parivrtta parsvakonasana may help in managing arthritis. However, there are no studies conducted yet to claim these effects and it is advised not to consider the practice of parivrtta parsvakonasana as an alternative to modern medicine. You should consult your doctor for proper treatment of arthritis. Additionally, you should practice this asana strictly under the guidance of a qualified trainer.

In my experience, osteoporosis, a bone disorder, may be reversed upto some extent with the regular practice of yogasanas, including Parivrtta Parsvakonasana. Parivrtta Parsvakonasana is known to enhance posture, produce better equilibrium, and expand the range of motion8.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

2. Benefit of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana in Cardiovascular Fitness

running

Cardiovascular fitness tells about how well your body delivers oxygen to different body parts during prolonged periods of exercise. Moore et al. conducted a study4 in 2007 to assess the effect of yoga asanas on health. The results of this study showed that the practice of parivrtta parsvakonasana may help improve cardiovascular fitness. However, to claim these effects with greater reliability, we will need more studies. It is therefore advised to consult your doctor for the proper treatment and not rely on this asana alone. Additionally, its practice should be strictly done under the supervision of a qualified trainer.

3. Benefit of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana on Lipid Panel

cholesterol

A lipid panel is a test which is done to measure cholesterol in the blood.  Literature studies show that the practice of yoga asanas may positively impact lipid panels. Marian et al. in 2016, conducted a study4, the findings of which showed that the practice of yoga asanas like parivrtta parsvakonasana may help in increasing good cholesterol and decreasing bad cholesterol. Thus, the practice of parivrtta parsvakonasana may positively impact lipid panel, but the practice of this asana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. So, consult your doctor for proper treatment and do not rely on this asana alone. Additionally, one should practise parivrtta parsvakonasana under the supervision of a qualified trainer.

4. Benefit of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana on Mental Well-being

smoking and anxiety

Literature studies show that the practice of yoga may have a positive impact on anxiety. Street et al. 2020 conducted a study6, the results showed that the ashtanga yogasanas like parivrtta parsvakonasana may help in managing anxiety, improving sleep quality and may help in reducing stress. Thus, there is a potential that this asana may positively impact anxiety.  However, it is recommended not to rely on this asana alone and consult a doctor for proper treatment. Additionally, it is best to practice this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer. 

5. Benefit of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana on Gastric Function

Gastric Ulcers

Gastric function includes the initiation of digestion of food by secretion of gastric acid or gastric juices; the undigested food is then removed from the body in the form of urine. Literature studies3 show that the practice of yoga asanas may have a positive impact on gastric function. B.K.S. Iyengar in his book “Light on Yoga”, has stated that the practice of parivrtta parsvakonasana asana may help in contracting and improving blood circulation to the abdominal organs and help improve digestion. It may also help in managing acidity and help remove the waste matter via the colon without straining. This indicates that the practice of parivrtta parsvakonasana may improve gastric function, but you should not consider this asana as an alternative to modern medicine. It is advised to consult your doctor for proper management of any gastric function abnormality. Also, you should practice this asana strictly under the guidance of a qualified trainer. 

6. Other Benefits of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana

supports heart health

Note- The benefits mentioned above of parivrtta parsvakonasana are studied in a limited human population. To ascertain these claims in humans, more studies are required.  

Although the practice of Yoga may help in the development of the mind and body, however, you should not consider yoga as an alternative to modern medicine. It is advised not to rely on Yoga alone to treat any condition. Kindly consult a qualified doctor for proper treatment. Additionally, any asana practice should be done under the supervision of a qualified trainer. 

Also Read: Benefits of Utthita Trikonasana (Extended Triangle Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe 

Risks of Parivrtta Parsvakonasana

While performing parivrtta parsvakonasana, caution needs to be taken in: 

Following are the contraindications of parivrtta parsvakonasana: 

Also Read: Benefits of Kurmasana (Tortoise Pose) and How to Do it by Dr. Himani Bisht

Conclusion

Parivrtta parsvakonasana is a standing asana coupled with a spinal twist, in which one leg is stretched straight and the upper body is twisted, giving an intense stretch. The name comes from the Sanskrit words “parivrtta”, which means turned round or revolved; “parsva” which means side, “kona”, which means angle, and “asana”, meaning yoga pose or posture. This translates to a revolving lateral angle pose in English. The practice of this asana may have a positive impact on arthritis, fitness, lipid panel, acidity and anxiety. 

Also Read: Benefits of Baddha Padmasana (Bound Lotus Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the revolved lateral angle pose in yoga? 

Parivrtta parsvakonasana is known as the revolved lateral angle pose in yoga.

Which chakras are activated by parivrtta parsvakonasana? 

Parivrtta parsvakonasana targets the Manipura chakra, which is known to control energy in the body. 

Which category does parivrtta parsvakonasana belong to? 

Parivrtta parsvakonasana is a standing asana coupled with a spinal twist. It is a variation of parsvakonasana and is part of Iyengar yoga and ashtanga yoga. 

Is it safe to practise parivrtta parsvakonasana in pregnancy? 

There is limited information regarding the safety of parivrtta parsvakonasana in pregnancy. It is therefore advised to consult your doctor for proper guidance. 

Does parivrtta parsvakonasana benefit hair growth?  

No, there are no studies which support the practice of parivrtta parsvakonasana on hair growth. Therefore, you should not rely on this asana alone and consult your doctor for proper treatment of hair loss. 

References

1. Consulate General of India, Birmingham. Yoga: Origin, History And Development [Internet]. Birmingham: Consulate General of India Birmingham; 2015 Apr 25 [cited 2026 Jan 14]. Available from: https://cgibirmingham.gov.in/headline/display/11

2. Karuna Yoga Vidya Peetham. parivrtta Parsvakonasana – Revolved Side Angle Pose [Internet]. Slideshare; [cited 2026 Jan 14]. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/prevolved-side-angle-posepptx/261246509

3. Live With Yoga. Therapeutic Yoga for Arthritis [Internet]. Jaipur (IN): Live With Yoga; [cited 2026 Jan 14]. Available from: https://livewithyoga.org/yoga-for-arthritis/

4. Papp ME, Lindfors P, Nygren-Bonnier M, Gullstrand L, Wändell PE. Effects of High-Intensity Hatha Yoga on Cardiovascular Fitness, Adipocytokines, and Apolipoproteins in Healthy Students: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Altern Complement Med. 2016 Jan;22(1):81-7. doi: 10.1089/acm.2015.0082. Epub 2015 Nov 13. Erratum in: J Altern Complement Med. 2017 May;23(5):396. doi: 10.1089/acm.2015.0082.correx. PMID: 26565690; PMCID: PMC4739349. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4739349/

5. Ghazvineh D, Daneshvar M, Basirat V, Daneshzad E. The Effect of Yoga on the Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 14;9:942702. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.942702. PMID: 35911119; PMCID: PMC9329825. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4739349/

6. Aakash. The impact of Ashtanga yoga on stress management and mental well-being: A systematic review of recent evidence. J Sports Sci Nutr [Internet]. 2024;5(2):95–104 [cited 2026 Jan 14]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/399648445_The_impact_of_Ashtanga_yoga_on_stress_management_and_mental_well-being_A_systematic_review_of_recent_evidence_Aakash

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