Tejpatta is the dried leaves of the plant Cinnamomum tamala. It belongs to the family Lauraceae and genus Cinnamomum which has around 270 species of plants that grow authentically in Asia and Australia.
Tejpatta is also known as Indian bay leaf is a small evergreen or perennial tree, which means it grows throughout the year and bears fruits every year of its life span.
Typically, the tree grows up to 12 meters in height and the leaf of this tree is around 12-20 cm long and 5-8 cm wide in the center with three long nerves running from the base to the apex of the leaf.
The Indian Bay leaf grows naturally in the North-Western Himalayan region, Sikkim, Assam, Mizoram, Meghalaya, tropical and sub-tropical Asia, South Asia, the Pacific region, and Australia. As a spice, it is used in various cuisines, especially in northern Indian food and it imparts an aromatic odor and taste1.
The India Bay leaf is known by various English names like
It is also known by various names in the vernacular languages of India like
Over the years, I have observed that bay leaves might have a notable effect on the gastrointestinal system. It has been suggested that they might act as a diuretic, promoting increased urine production and potentially aiding in the elimination of toxins from the body.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Portion Size: 1 tsp = 0.6 g
Amount per Portion:
Portion Size: 1 tsp = 0.6 g
Amount per Portion:
The herb has diverse potential benefits and uses and benefits which are as follows2,5,6,7:
Many studies show that the Indian bay leaf extracts possess anti-depressant effects, that is it can elevate the person’s mood. It may have anxiolytic (reduces anxiety) effects, meaning it can produce calmness in a person experiencing anxiety. Thus, it may have some effect in the management of some psychological disorders5. However, you need to reach out to your healthcare provider if you experience psychological problems.
In my experience, I have observed that bay leaf essential oil might have anticonvulsant properties. This means that it could potentially help in reducing or avoiding seizures completely. It is believed that certain components present in the essential oil, such as eugenol, pinene, and methyleugenol, are responsible for this effect.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
This plant has skin-brightening properties, as may have negative activity of the enzyme tyrosinase which is needed to produce melanin which is the dark pigment present in the skin5,6. Tejpatta oil may also be useful for eczema-like skin disorders where the skin is dry and flaky2. These potential benefits may be due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The leaf may be used to help against head lice due to its potential insecticidal activity7. You are advised to consult with a doctor if you encounter any such infestation as it may be disturbing.
It may help to lower blood sugar levels due to its antioxidant properties which may also have some effect on the body to use insulin better. It is may help to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels as well when given to diabetic patients. Larger human studies could help demonstrate the efficacy of tej patta in preventing damage to vital organs due to long-standing diabetes. Therefore, avoid using tej patta or other herbal remedies for diabetes without talking to your healthcare provider.
Based on my experience, I have observed that Laurus nobilis (bay leaf) essential oil might exhibit antiviral properties against SARS-CoV and HSV-1. The constituents of the essential oil, such as beta-ocimene, 1,8-cineol, alpha-pinene, and beta-pinene, are believed to contribute to this antiviral effect.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Tejpatta may have some potential effect as an insect repellent as it contains lauric acid which gives it the insecticidal property. It may have properties to repel mosquitoes and to protect grains like wheat, rice, oats, and barley from insects7. More studies are required to support the use of tej patta as an insect repellent.
The herb may have potential benefits in treating the common cold as it reduces the running nose which is the primary symptom experienced by patients. It may be beneficial in bronchial asthma by reducing cough. It may also have some effects in cases of complications of tuberculosis. Due to its Kapha balancing property, it can potentially control the cough, may help release mucus, and may clean the air passages; therefore, it may be useful in all the above-mentioned conditions2. However the data available about its benefits on humans seems to be insufficient thus, avoid using tej patta or other herbal remedies for the lungs without talking to your healthcare provider.
Tejpatta has been studied to reduce the bad cholesterol that is LDL-cholesterol increase good HDL cholesterol and reduce triglycerides. Therefore, it may help in reducing the risk of heart disease2,5,6. The effect of the blood sugar levels and the cholesterol level may make it cardio-protective which means it may help in protecting the heart. However, more research is required to ascertain the above-mentioned potential uses. You should consult a doctor for serious conditions such as cholesterol levels which must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.
The ethanolic extract from this plant may show anti-ulcer action probably because it reduces acidity and has antioxidant action2,5,6. However, you need to reach out to your healthcare provider if you experience stomach problems.
Due to its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory effects, it may shorten the process of wound healing for minor cuts2,5,6. We need further studies to establish this fact.
This herb contains many compounds that reduce the damage caused by free radicals and reduce the risk of cancer2,5,6. You are advised not to use any herbal remedy to cure or prevent cancer without consulting your doctor.
Though there are studies that show the potential use of tejpatta in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of tejpatta on human health.
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking tejpatta or herbal supplements. Likewise, do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Also Read: Dhania (Coriander): Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
People may react differently to common herbs and foods. Therefore, if you experience any side effects after using fennel seeds, you should immediately reach out to your healthcare provider.
Also Read: Shankhpushpi – Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More
Tejpatta is a type of Bay leaf also called the Indian Bay leaf (Cinnamomum tamala)3.
Yes, they are different. Dalchini is the dried bark of a small tree called Cinnamomum zeylanicum while Tejpatta is the dried leaves of a tree called Cinnamomum tamala (Indian bay leaf)12.
Tejpatta and cinnamon are different. Tejpatta is the dried leaves of Cinnamomum tamala which belongs to the genus Cinnamomum. This genus has around 270 species of plants under it. The dried bark of the tree Cinnamomum verum (synonym Cinnamomum zeylanicum) is the one that is commonly known as the true cinnamon1,12,13.
The tree requires ample sunlight and must be planted at a spacing of 3 x 2 m in regular plantations. The seeds are sown closely on prepared beds during the month of June, and it takes 2-3 weeks for the seeds to develop into seedlings. When seedlings reach a height of 15 cm or turn four months old, they are shifted into polythene bags of 30×15 cm in size. Then, after 10-12 months, they are planted in the main field and take 6-9 years to attain the harvestable stage that is the leaves can be harvested when the trees turn 8-10 years. The leaves are usually harvested from the month of October to December and in some places, the collection is continued till March10.
Yes, only in the amount that is added in food and ground leaf for short periods can be consumed, the raw whole leaf is not to be eaten it is very difficult to digest the leaf and it may get stuck in the throat or damage the lining of the gut8.
Mainly the leaves and the bark of the herb may be used in various herbal benefits and food preparations7.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Shankhpushpi is a plant native to India. It is scientifically called Convolvulus pluricaulis. Shakhpushpi is a Sanskrit word. This word basically means or stands for the plant with bell shaped or conch shaped flowers1,2. These flowers can be blue or white in color. In Ayurveda, it is recognized as ”Medhya Rasayana” which means a drug that rejuvenates, maintains and potentiates intellect and memory. This plant is used from its root to its tips and has a wide range of potential uses in man3.
In India, it is also known by various other vernacular names like:
The herb has diverse potential benefits for various systems of the body which are as follows1,4,5,6,7,8:
Shankhpushpi may have some benefits for brain:
Shankhpushpi may have nootropic potential i.e., it may have potential effect on memory, learning capacity and concentration in the person consuming it. It may be able to have some effect on conditions like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is usually seen in children, wherein the child has trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors or is overly active. However the studies available are insufficient to validate such claims and the exact effects on humans. You must consult a qualified doctor for proper advice and prescription.
Shankhpushpi may have neuroprotective potential, this indicates that it may have some beneficial effects on mental functions. Its antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory potential may have possible benefit over brain functions like learning, thinking, reasoning, remembering, problem-solving, decision making, and attention. You must consult a qualified doctor for proper advice and guidance.
Due to its potential anti-depressant activity, shankhpushpi may be able to enhance the mood of the person consuming the herb. You must always take advise from a professional Ayurvedic doctor before consuming the plant preparations in depression-like conditions.
The herb shankhpushpi may have some effect on lowering blood pressure and is usually given to treat high blood pressure along with other herbal compounds. Various animal studies have revealed that its extracts lower Low-Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-CH) which is the bad cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and phospholipid levels. However, the studies on humans are insufficient to establish these benefits. Shankhpushpi may also be used in patients with high cholesterol due to its potential ability to lower cholesterol. Shankhpushpi may have the potential effect on these conditions. However, you must consult a qualified doctor for the mentioned conditions for proper prescription and detailed guidance.
The glycoprotein secretions of the herb may have shown some effect against various types of ulcers in the stomach. It may help in healing stomach ulcers. But we need further studies to establish these benefits.
It may make the skin glow. It may help with acne or pimples, which is usually very problematic in the teenage years of life. It may also help with skin infections. All these above potential uses are due to its anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. You must consult a dermatologist for proper advice on skin conditions.
As is well-known with the brain-related effects of Shankhpushpi, it may also keep away the signs of ageing. Researchers think Shankshpushpi may be a natural anti-aging treatment. Antioxidants are thought to be abundant in it12.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
The extract of shankhpushpi and compounds like tannins, saponins, coumarin, flavonoids, phenol and triterpenoids that are present in shankpushpi contribute to its activity against various bacteria.
Though studies show the benefits of shankhpushpi against various disease conditions, these studies are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of shankhpushpi on human health.
Did you know Shankhpushpi might be used for hair growth? Shankhpushpi oil is believed to reduce hair fall and enhance hair growth as a result of its rejuvenating nature13.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Shankhpushpi is available as a powder, tablet, capsule, juice, syrup and oil as well. Except for the oil that is massaged, rest all forms can be consumed with water or milk after meals preferably in the morning9.
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking shankhpushpi or any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Studies so far have not reported any major side effects of shankhpushpi. However, herbs react differently in different people and may have certain side effects and it should never be used for self-medication9,10. If you experience any discomfort, side effects or allergic reactions after using shankhpushpi, stop its use and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Also Read: Medohar Guggulu: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More
Follow general precautions for any herb as per your doctor’s advice. Kindly do not self-medicate and do not substitute, alter or discontinue any ongoing treatment on your own. Other precautions to be followed are:
Also Read: Green Chilli: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Mostly shankhpushpi is considered reasonably safe, but while using it the drugs mentioned below is to be avoided due to their interactions with the herb10.
Thus, patients taking blood pressure and seizure management medicines must consult their Ayurvedic physician before taking it. Moreover, Before consuming shankhpushpi for any health effects, talk to your doctor or physician about any precautions you might need to take. Consulting with your doctor will help you make better choices and avoid adverse health effects.
Also Read: Abhayarishta: Uses, Benefits & How to Use It
Ans: It has potential benefits in lowering blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. Various studies have been done to support this wherein on adding this herb to the patient on diabetic treatment the blood sugar reduction was higher6. However, these studies are insufficient to advise the exact effect on humans. Always consult a doctor for proper advice on serious conditions like diabetes.
There is no evidence currently available on which one is better than the other, but both may have potential as a memory enhancer and may be used either alone or in combination with other ingredients11.
Yes, they can be taken together; there are many syrups, capsules, and powders with the above combinations that are available in the market11.
The whole plant is used from top to bottom which includes the roots, stem and flowers of the plant9.
Yes, they are the same. Aparajita is another name for Shankhapushpi in the Hindi language1.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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1
Jaundice is a clinical condition characterised by a yellowish discolouration of the skin, sclerae (the white part of the eyes), and mucous membranes. This discolouration is caused by elevated levels of bilirubin in the bloods, a condition known as hyperbilirubinaemia. In India, a considerable proportion of the population is affected by jaundice annually, with varying degrees of severity.
Neonatal jaundice, which affects newborns, is particularly concerning due to its potential to cause serious health complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated. It remains a significant contributor to infant morbidity and mortality, especially in areas with limited access to early medical care. While no vaccine exists to prevent jaundice, early recognition and timely intervention are essential, particularly in vulnerable paediatric populations.
Most medical practitioners believe that jaundice is not a disease but a symptom of an underlying condition that affects the metabolic functions of the body. The effects of jaundice can range from minor complications to severe systemic dysfunction, and, in some cases even death if left untreated. In this article, we will examine the types, causes, symptoms, and available treatment modalities for jaundice in greater detail, with particular emphasis on both adult and neonatal presentations1.
Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a medical condition that causes a yellowish discolouration to the skin and the sclerae, resulting from elevated levels of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a breakdown product of haemoglobin that is processed by the liver and eliminated through bile into the intestines. When this process is disrupted due to liver dysfunction, bile duct obstruction, or other metabolic disturbances, bilirubin accumulates in the blood, leading to jaundice.
Neonatal jaundice, can result in severe complications such as Kernicterus (an irreversible form of brain damage) if not treated promptly. In adults, untreated jaundice may also lead to serious neurological consequences if bilirubin reaches toxic levels2.
Jaundice is not a disease in itself but a clinical sign of an underlying pathology, most often involving the liver, biliary system, or red blood cell metabolism. Accurate diagnosis is essential to determine the root cause, and medical treatment focuses on addressing this primary condition and reducing bilirubin levels to prevent further complications.
Bilirubin levels are measured through a blood test and are an important part of diagnosing and monitoring jaundice. Bilirubin exists in two main forms, and both are measured to help identify the type and cause of jaundice13. The general reference ranges in adults are as follows:
| Type of Bilirubin | Normal Reference Range |
| Total bilirubin | 0.3 – 1.2 mg/dL |
| Direct (conjugated) bilirubin | 0 – 0.20 mg/dL |
| Indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin | 0 – 0.9 mg/dL |
Visible jaundice usually appears when total bilirubin rises above approximately 2 to 3 mg/dL. It is important to note that reference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories, and results should always be interpreted by a doctor alongside symptoms and other tests. These reference ranges apply to adults. Normal bilirubin levels in newborn babies are different and are interpreted using age-specific guidelines.
To the best of my knowledge, jaundice is a condition characterised by yellowing of the skin and eyes, resulting from an elevated level of bilirubin in the blood. It stems from various causes like liver disease or hepatitis and presents symptoms like yellow skin, fatigue, abdominal pain, and dark-coloured urine. In adults, jaundice typically does not need specific treatment. Instead, the underlying causes and potential complications of jaundice may be addressed and managed. Jaundice are of different types categorised based on the metabolism of bilirubin, including the three different stages (pre-hepatic, hepatic, and post-hepatic), each with its unique causes and treatments12.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Since there are multiple reasons behind why jaundice can occur, it has been classified into 3 broad categories based on the causal factors1,2. The classification is done by studying which part of the liver is malfunctioning and how it affects the disposal of bilirubin from the bloodstream. The three major types of jaundice are outlined below.
Doctors also describe these same three types based on where the problem occurs in relation to the liver: before it, within it, or after it. The table below shows how the two naming systems line up1:
| Type | Where the Problem Lies | Mechanism | Common Examples |
| Pre-hepatic | Before the liver (in the blood) | Excess breakdown of red blood cells produces increased unconjugated bilirubin than the liver can process | Malaria, sickle cell anaemia, thalassemia, spherocytosis |
| Hepatic | Within the liver | The liver itself is damaged and it impairs bilirubin uptake, conjugation, and/or excretion. | Hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer |
| Post-hepatic | After the liver (bile ducts) | Bile flow is blocked, preventing conjugated bilirubin from being excreted | Gallstones, bile duct cancer, pancreatic cancer, biliary atresia |
Each type is explained in more detail below.
Hepatocellular jaundice is a type of jaundice that occurs due to damage to the liver. This damage can be caused due to many reasons. When the parenchymal cells of the liver are damaged, whether due to infections or other underlying conditions, it can significantly impair hepatic function, leading to a reduction in the liver’s metabolic activity.
Hepatocellular jaundice can also be caused due to other diseases such as hepatitis wherein the liver is highly infected by the hepatitis virus, rendering it absolutely non-functional. Other medical conditions such as liver cancer or liver lacerations due to liver cirrhosis caused due to alcohol abuse can also cause hepatocellular jaundice.
Haemolytic jaundice happens when the red blood corpuscles in the bloodstream start to break down at a faster than normal pace causing an issue for the liver to keep functioning with such a large amount of bilirubin coming into the system. This condition marked by the excessive decomposition of the red blood cells is known as haemolysis and is a serious medical condition that can prove to be fatal very soon. Haemolytic jaundice can be defined as an imbalance between the RBC breakdown and bilirubin clearance procedure ratio of the blood and liver.
Haemolytic jaundice is highly common in patients who have malaria. In this condition, the malaria parasite quickly attacks and destroys red blood cells, which causes a rise in bilirubin levels in the blood. The body needs to make new red blood cells to replace the ones that are lost, but sometimes it can’t keep up. When red blood cells break down faster than they are made, it can lead to jaundice.
Obstructive jaundice is a kind of jaundice that occurs due to blocks that are formed between the bile ducts connecting the liver, gallbladder, and intestine. This obstruction or block prevents the liver from removing the excess bilirubin from the liver causing severe malfunctioning of the liver which in turn causes jaundice.
The bile duct comprises a network of tubes responsible for transporting bile from the liver to the gallbladder. Obstructive jaundice can arise due to multiple elements that can cause a block in the bile ducts. The best example of the same would be gallstones which can be present in the passages of the biliary system. Swollen lymph glands can also cause obstructive jaundice.
Studies12 have demonstrated jaundice is a medical condition characterised by the yellowing of the skin and eyes, often resulting from liver dysfunction, hepatitis, or bile duct blockage. Common symptoms include yellow discolouration, fatigue, and dark-coloured urine. Management varies based on the underlying cause and may involve managing the root cause including lifestyle adjustments or surgical procedures as necessary. Jaundice can be categorised into different types, such as obstructive, haemolytic, or hepatocellular, each associated with distinct causes and therapeutic approaches. Early diagnosis and tailored management are vital for effectively addressing jaundice and its related complications.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Jaundice presents with several recognisable clinical symptoms. However, the primary diagnostic challenge lies in identifying the underlying cause of liver dysfunction leading to jaundice. The symptoms listed below are among the most common indicators suggestive of jaundice and warrant further medical evaluation2:
One of the most noticeable signs of jaundice is the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. This happens because there is too much bilirubin in the bloodstream, which naturally has a yellow colour.
Vomiting is yet another classic symptom of jaundice, especially in the early stages of jaundice. It happens when the liver isn’t working properly, which affects digestion and can cause indigestion. This often leads to vomiting.
High fever is also a symptom of jaundice, but it’s not very helpful for diagnosing it since many other conditions can cause fever too. A high fever is the body’s way of signalling that something is wrong and that it needs help. In the case of jaundice, when the body’s health quickly declines, it’s important to see a doctor as soon as the fever starts.
If you are affected with jaundice there are chances that your urine will turn extremely dark. This is because of the excess bilirubin that is getting excreted through the urethra. This is a very serious indicator that the bilirubin amount in the patient’s blood is rising at a fast pace.
If dark urine is noticed you need to get medical guidance immediately to ensure that there are no further complications that arise due to jaundice.
In individuals affected by jaundice, a marked decline in appetite is commonly observed. This may be attributed to gastrointestinal disturbances resulting from bile duct involvement, which can lead to symptoms such as indigestion and a burning sensation, both of which may contribute to reduced food intake. It is important to ensure that the patient continues to consume a minimal, nutritionally supportive diet, which will be discussed in detail later.
As jaundice gets worse, bilirubin (a substance that gives stool its normal colour) isn’t released in the stool, causing it to become pale or light in colour. This is a clear sign of jaundice. This can happen in obstructive (post-hepatic) jaundice and in some liver diseases that impair bile flow.
Stool tests are therefore very important to doctors as this might be a very strong indicator of jaundice.
One particularly important clinical clue is the combination of dark-coloured urine together with pale or clay-coloured stool. When these two signs appear together, they often point towards obstructive (post-hepatic) jaundice.
This happens because when bile flow is blocked, conjugated bilirubin cannot reach the intestines to give stool its normal brown colour, resulting in pale stool. At the same time, the excess bilirubin is filtered out through the kidneys and excreted in the urine, making it appear dark.
In clinical practice, this combination is considered a strong indicator that the problem may lie in the bile ducts rather than in the blood or liver cells. Anyone noticing dark urine alongside pale stools should seek medical evaluation promptly, as it may signal a blockage that requires timely intervention.
Abdominal pain localised to the area around the liver is another common symptom associated with jaundice. This type of pain happens because the liver experiences extreme discomfort due to overworking in the release of bilirubin or due to the blockage of the bile ducts in the case of obstructive jaundice. The pain next to the liver is never to be taken lightly and the patient should immediately consult the doctor to avoid further complications.
Weight loss, occurring faster than usual, can be a symptom of jaundice. This is primarily associated with hemolytic jaundice, where the production of bile decreases, leading to impaired nutrient absorption in the intestines. Additionally, this weight loss can result from other symptoms of jaundice, such as vomiting and loss of appetite.
There are several factors that can lead to jaundice. The underlying causes can often be identified and classified once the type of jaundice is determined. All three types of jaundice are linked to conditions that affect both the liver and the blood. Various infections and other diseases can also contribute to the progression of jaundice. In the following section, we will discuss some of the primary causes of jaundice2,3.
Malaria is a vector-borne disease that affects many individuals in India. The malaria parasite, transmitted through mosquito bites, infects red blood cells and derives its energy from them. This accelerated destruction of red blood cells can result in a rapid increase of bilirubin in the bloodstream, overwhelming the liver’s ability to process and eliminate it.
Sickle cell anaemia is a relatively rare genetic disorder characterised by crescent-shaped red blood cells, whereas healthy red blood cells are typically disc-shaped. This abnormal shape leads to the accelerated destruction of red blood cells, resulting in increased bilirubin production, which can contribute to the development of jaundice.
Spherocytosis is another genetic condition that causes the red blood cells to adopt a spherical shape rather than the typical disc shape. This abnormality leads to the rapid breakdown of blood cells, resulting in an accumulation of bilirubin in the bloodstream.
Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to produce an adequate number of red blood cells, leading to a low red blood cell count. This condition can also result in elevated bilirubin levels in the bloodstream, contributing to the development of jaundice.
Liver cirrhosis is a medical condition characterized by the scarring of liver tissue, which occurs over time as a result of prolonged exposure to infections and toxic substances, often due to alcohol abuse.
Hepatitis is a medical condition that causes inflammation of the liver, significantly impairing its function. It is considered a serious condition, as it hinders the liver’s ability to effectively process and eliminate excess bilirubin from the body, often resulting in jaundice.
This condition occurs when the bile ducts sustain significant damage, impairing their capacity to manage and direct bile flow. As a result, bilirubin regulation in the bloodstream is disrupted, leading to the onset of jaundice.
Liver cancer can cause serious damage to the liver affecting its normal functionality. It makes the liver work extremely hard with the presence of cancerous tissues within it. This makes it highly possible for someone affected with liver cancer to be affected with jaundice too.
Gallstones are calcium deposits that form in the gallbladder and can severely disrupt the normal function of the bile ducts. These bile ducts are essential for the excretion of bilirubin from the bloodstream.
Pancreatic cancer is a serious medical condition that can lead to jaundice. It occurs when malignant cancer cells develop within the pancreas, potentially obstructing the bile ducts and affecting bilirubin processing.
. A malignant tumour in the bile ducts can also result in jaundice. Such cancerous growths may significantly obstruct bile duct function, blocking the normal flow of bile and bilirubin.
Biliary atresia is a genetic condition characterised by the complete absence or significant narrowing of the bile ducts, leading to impaired bile duct function. This condition can also cause jaundice as the bile ducts are not able to excrete the excess bilirubin.
Apart from infections and structural problems, certain medications can also cause jaundice by harming the liver or interfering with bile flow. This is known as drug-induced liver injury. Some commonly implicated drugs include14:
The mechanism is usually either hepatotoxicity (direct injury to liver cells) or cholestasis (impaired bile flow). It is important never to stop or alter prescribed medication on your own. If you develop signs of jaundice while taking any medicine, consult your doctor, who can assess whether the medication is responsible and guide the next steps.
Both alcoholic hepatitis and viral hepatitis are common causes of hepatocellular jaundice, but they differ in important ways. The table below highlights some distinguishing features that help doctors tell them apart15.
| Feature | Alcoholic Hepatitis | Viral Hepatitis |
| AST/ALT pattern | AST is usually higher than ALT (often a ratio greater than 2:1) | ALT is usually higher than or equal to AST |
| Clinical history clues | History of long-term or heavy alcohol use | History of exposure, contaminated food/water, infected blood or bodily fluids unprotected sexual contact, or travel |
| Common causes | Chronic alcohol consumption | Hepatitis A, B, C, D, or E viruses |
| Key distinguishing features | May be associated with other signs of alcohol-related liver disease | Often linked to a specific viral infection confirmed by blood tests |
These patterns are general guides only. A doctor uses blood tests, history, and sometimes imaging to confirm the exact cause, as treatment differs significantly between the two.
The treatment for jaundice is primarily determined by the underlying condition causing the condition. The type of jaundice plays a crucial role in guiding the treatment approach. In most cases, treatment focuses on addressing the root cause rather than directly treating the jaundice itself. In the following section, we will discuss some of the common treatment methods used for managing jaundice1,4.
Haemolytic jaundice is caused by anaemia or other conditions that hinder the production of healthy red blood cells. Treatment primarily focuses on addressing the underlying cause. For jaundice induced by general anaemia, iron supplementation can support the recovery process. In conditions such as sickle cell anaemia and other genetic blood disorders, treatments like intravenous rehydration and blood transfusions may be necessary.
For jaundice caused by conditions such as thalassemia and spherocytosis, folic acid supplementation and, in some cases, spleen removal surgery are common treatment approaches. In severe cases, where the production of red blood cells is significantly impaired, more invasive procedures, such as bone marrow transplantation, may be required.
Liver damage leading to jaundice is primarily treated by addressing the underlying cause impairing liver function. In cases where the damage is due to infections, antiviral medications are used to prevent the infection from spreading and help it gradually subside. Hepatitis is one of the main conditions that can lead to jaundice. Patients with hepatitis may be treated with steroid medications for more effective results. Additionally, hepatitis vaccination plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of liver infection.
For individuals with liver scarring due to cirrhosis, doctors typically recommend a low-protein diet and advise complete avoidance of alcohol. Beta-blockers and intravenous antibiotics are also commonly prescribed for treatment. Biliary cirrhosis is often managed with bile-lowering medications, and antihistamines are used to alleviate severe itching. Additionally, bile reduction medication is administered, and bile acid supplements may be provided to assist with indigestion.
Liver cancer is another significant cause of jaundice, and standard cancer treatments are employed in these cases. Chemotherapy and targeted radiation therapies are commonly used. In more advanced cases, a liver transplant may be necessary for effective treatment.
Treatment typically involves surgical intervention to remove the obstruction. In cases where jaundice is caused by gallstones, doctors may recommend dietary changes to prevent further gallstone formation. Medications to dissolve the gallstones may also be prescribed to enhance treatment effectiveness. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the gallstones or, in some instances, the entire gallbladder.
Obstructive jaundice caused due to the poor functionality of the bile ducts is treated using surgery. Some of the common issues that affect the bile ducts are conditions such as bile duct cancer or biliary atresia. An advanced medical procedure known as the Kasai method is used to remove and replace the faulty bile ducts to remove the obstruction causing jaundice. In the case of pancreatitis, treatment methods will be more focused on the pancreas and usually involve a lot of rest time for the patient. Surgery is done at times to remove the causal factors of inflammation of the pancreas.
While many cases of jaundice can be managed with timely treatment, certain warning signs indicate a potentially serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. Seek urgent care if jaundice is accompanied by any of the following:
These features may suggest severe liver dysfunction or a complication that needs prompt evaluation. When in doubt, it is always safer to consult a doctor without delay rather than waiting for symptoms to progress.
Home remedies have been used for the treatment of jaundice since a very long time. These treatments are mainly focused on flushing out the excess bilirubin from the bloodstream by focusing on alternative diets.
However, it is important to note that jaundice can progress rapidly in certain cases, and relying solely on home remedies without medical supervision may be dangerous and potentially life-threatening. Home remedies can be very effective, but it’s always safer to approach a doctor to understand the severity and cause of your jaundice.
Radish juice and radish leaves are traditionally believed to support the reduction of bilirubin levels in the body. Consuming radish juice, particularly when combined with extracts from its leaves, may aid in improving blood detoxification and supporting bowel movements, beneficial effects for individuals experiencing loss of appetite during jaundice5.
Although raw radish juice may have a strong and unpleasant taste, it can be made more palatable by diluting it with water or adding natural sweeteners such as honey. While these remedies may support liver health, they should be viewed as complementary and not as substitutes for medical treatment.
Indian gooseberry, rich in vitamin C, is commonly recognised for its potential health benefits. When combined with lemon, it forms a powerful natural remedy for individuals with jaundice. Indian gooseberry is thought to help protect liver cells by forming a protective layer around them. Additionally, vitamin C plays a role in regulating blood flow, which can support the body’s detoxification processes6.
Lemon is a fruit that can be very helpful among those who have jaundice7. Consuming lemon juice and also the water in which lemon leaves have been boiled can help with providing the needed relief for your damaged liver. In many countries, patients with jaundice are commonly advised by healthcare professionals to consume ample amounts of lemon juice.
Sugarcane juice is believed to have beneficial properties for individuals with jaundice. The components in sugarcane juice may aid in liver recovery, which in turn helps normalise blood detoxification processes8.
Papaya leaves are believed to help in liver recovery and support detoxification of the bloodstream. To use, crush the leaves into a paste and consume regularly until jaundice improves. Papaya leaves are also considered beneficial for maintaining platelet levels, particularly in dengue. However, these remedies should complement, not replace, professional medical treatment9.
Barley is widely recognised for its traditional medicinal properties. Consuming well-boiled barley may act as a natural diuretic, potentially supporting the body’s detoxification processes by promoting the elimination of waste products through increased urine output. This may aid liver function and contribute to the overall cleansing of the bloodstream. As such, barley is often considered a supportive home remedy in the dietary management of jaundice. However, it should be used as a complementary measure and not as a replacement for medical treatment10.
Also Read: Can You Check Thyroid at Home
Maintaining a diet with low-complexity foods is crucial for supporting liver function during jaundice. Adequate hydration is also essential to assist the body in detoxifying effectively. Following a balanced diet that places minimal strain on the liver can aid in its recovery while it is under stress. Additionally, reducing salt intake is important to ensure normal blood flow and support overall health during jaundice11.
Jaundice is a dangerous condition that if left untreated can lead to serious complications and sometimes even death. It’s important to consult a doctor immediately as soon as you start seeing symptoms of the condition to start appropriate treatment.
If you notice symptoms such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark coloured urine, pale stools, or persistent fatigue, getting a Liver Function Test (LFT) can help identify the underlying problem early. An LFT is a simple blood test that gives valuable information about how well your liver is working16.
A standard LFT package usually includes:
Early testing allows for timely diagnosis and management. If you are experiencing symptoms of jaundice, consider consulting your doctor and getting an LFT done to better understand your liver health.
Also Read: What is Hepatitis A? Causes, Symptoms, and How It Spreads
Jaundice is a symptom of underlying liver or blood disorders, jaundice requires timely medical treatment, but supportive home remedies like lemon, gooseberry, and sugarcane juice may help with liver recovery. These should be used alongside and not as a substitute for professional medical care.
Also Read: Malaria: Types, Symptoms, Causes and Treatment
Yes, jaundice can be life-threatening if left untreated for an extended period. In severe cases, it may lead to fatal outcomes. It is essential to seek prompt medical attention at the earliest signs of jaundice to ensure timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
Yes, jaundice can be effectively managed and, in many cases, resolved if the underlying cause is accurately identified in a timely manner. Various treatment approaches are available, depending on the specific cause, to facilitate recovery and restore normal liver function.
Newborn babies are particularly vulnerable to jaundice, as their livers are still developing, making treatment more challenging. Medically referred to as neonatal jaundice, this condition can be severe and, if left untreated, may result in fatal outcomes.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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You may not be a Papaya fan, but if you want to step into the fitness world, then this fruit can be your saviour. This soft, sweet, and vibrant coloured fruit is a powerhouse of nutrients. It is one of the best fruits one can have daily to stay fit. The famous Christopher Columbus refers to papayas as the ‘Fruit of the angels’ because of their deliciousness.
The papaya plant is scientifically known as the Carica papaya plant. It is currently trending for the management of various types of fevers, especially dengue fever. Interestingly, not only papaya fruit but papaya seeds and leaves also have medicinal properties and can be used to help manage fever and its complications.
The papaya fruit and its seeds and leaves are an excellent source of vitamins, minerals, fibre, and antioxidants. It contains an abundant amount of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and is a potent antioxidant. Papaya leaves are rich in minerals such as phosphorus, iron, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Papaya seeds contain fatty acids and papaya oil.
Papaya is low in calories and high in fibre; therefore, it can help promote satiety. For example, if you have papaya between meals, it can suppress untimely hunger pangs, which can help in weight loss.
The entire papaya tree, from its fruit to the leaves, is healthy and has medicinal properties that make it a great option to include in your diet.
Papaya leaf juice is one of the traditional treatments for dengue fever. Along with allopathic medicines, this traditional medicine works to taper off the body temperature. Dengue fever brings down the blood platelet count; however, papaya leaf extract helps manage this by increasing platelet count. Malaysian studies have proved that papaya leaf extract can contribute to the production of platelets and increase platelet counts. It can also help in the management of dengue complications, such as rashes on the body and haemorrhage1. During dengue fever, a small glass of papaya juice twice a day can significantly increase the platelet count and reduce the fever. However, it should be used only as a supportive measure alongside standard medical care and not be used to replace medical treatment. Its use should be discussed with a healthcare professional, and platelet count changes must be monitored medically.
Papaya leaves can help in the management of malaria and dengue fever. The leaves of papaya contain acetogenin and other antiviral compounds that may inhibit some proteins in the virus and help avoid diseases like malaria or dengue2.
Papaya leaves and seeds contain certain compounds, water and fibres that help ease digestive issues like constipation and bloating. Papain and other enzymes in papaya help ease the digestion process by breaking down proteins. The regular intake of papaya can help alleviate many digestive problems such as bloating, constipation, and heartburn and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome3.
Also Read: 11 Surprising Health Benefits Of Coriander Leaves You Should Know
The papaya plant contains many phytochemicals such as lycopene that potentially have anti-carcinogenic properties. It may help avoid cancer cell development and further complications. As per studies, the papaya leaf extract may be useful in the management of colon, breast, and prostate cancer. The papaya extract is also rich in antioxidants that can help protect against cancer-cell activity4.
Papaya leaves contain flavonoids, phenolic compounds, papain, and alkaloids that have antiviral properties and may enhance the body’s immunity. They are a rich source of various vitamins and antioxidants that make you strong. The vitamin C in papaya increases your immunity and can keep you safe from several infections. It also helps in wound healing, digestion, and damaged cell regeneration5.
Also Read: Basil Leaves: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode
Papaya leaves, fruit, and seeds have antioxidant properties and are beneficial for individuals with diabetes as they have anti-diabetic properties and are potentially useful in the healing of diabetes-related wounds. According to some research, the consumption of papaya leaf extract helps to maintain blood sugar levels and lower cholesterol levels due to the presence of dietary fibres in it6.
Excessive weight gain increases the risk of diabetes. Papaya leaf juice is low in calories and high in fibre and can keep you full for a long time. The dietary fibres naturally found in it help detoxify your body and increase your metabolism, which can lead to weight loss. Also, papaya seeds may help in reducing fat absorption, thus playing a role in weight loss6,7.
Many women experience painful menstrual cramps in their lives. This pain may be caused by the secretion of hormone-like prostaglandins in menstrual blood. Papaya leaf extract helps in decreasing menstrual pain as it has anti-inflammatory effects and decreases prostaglandin levels in women with painful periods8.
Papaya leaves and seeds have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. They also contain many nutrients like vitamins and minerals. These nutrients together may have potentially beneficial effects like protecting the body against cardiovascular conditions, including stroke and heart attack, reducing high blood pressure, and promoting healthy blood circulation7,8.
One of the great benefits of papaya and its leaves is to the skin. Due to the presence of different nutrients in papaya leaves, they keep your skin clean and clear. Papaya has a moisturising effect and can help you manage dry and cracking skin when applied topically. The antioxidant properties in papaya leaves can help you to slow down the ageing process. They also promote wound healing and help you avoid infection9. Papaya leaves are overall beneficial for skin health in all terms.
Also Read: What Is Hantavirus? Symptoms, Causes, & Effective Prevention
Papaya leaves and seeds are rich in nutrients and natural compounds that may support overall well-being. When used appropriately and with professional medical advice, they can be a beneficial addition to a balanced lifestyle. So if you want to be healthy, don’t forget to add a little bit of papaya to your diet every day.
Also Read: Can You Check Thyroid at Home
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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Ayurveda is an ancient Indian medical system. Ayurveda means the science or knowledge of life, where ‘Ayur’ means life and ‘Veda’ means knowledge.
The Ancient and Traditional practice of Ayurvedic is 5,000 years old and works on three basic three principles or doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) and ayurveda practice is based on three classical texts – the Charaka Samhita, the Sushruta Samhita, and the Ashtanga Hridaya which were written in Sanskrit over 2,000 years ago and are collectively known as the Great Trilogy.
Ayurveda takes a holistic approach to health, focusing on lifestyle, diet, and natural substances. It is important to note that while Ayurveda is a recognised traditional system of healthcare in India, its treatments should be approached responsibly and under the guidance of qualified practitioners. Individuals are encouraged to consult registered medical professionals for the diagnosis and management of any medical condition1.
Ayurvedic herbs are an integral part of the Ayurvedic medicine system. Since ancient times, these herbs have been used to help manage different diseases, promote mental clarity, boost immunity, and support healthy skin. In Ayurvedic practice, attention is given to the person as a whole, addressing the mind, body, and lifestyle rather than focusing solely on the symptoms of a condition. A wide range of herbs are used in Ayurveda to treat illnesses, with active ingredients derived from leaves, roots, flowers, and bark. These herbs are selected with the intention of promoting internal balance and supporting the body’s natural functions2.
Manjistha, for instance, may be beneficial in managing bone-related conditions. A 2020 study found that the root of Manjistha contains a compound that may be effective as a phytomedicine in the treatment of bone disorders16.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
The Ayurvedic system offers a traditional, holistic approach to wellness, focusing on balance and overall health rather than isolated symptoms. Some of the benefits of ayurvedic herbs are as follows:
The following ayurvedic herbs have been traditionally valued for their various properties and uses over many years. Below is an overview of some commonly known herbs and their traditionally associated benefits:
Ashwagandha is a well-known herb in traditional Ayurvedic practice, used for various purposes over many centuries. The name ‘Ashwagandha’ is derived from Sanskrit, where ‘Ashva’ means horse and ‘Gandha’ means smell, suggesting, in traditional texts, the vitality and strength associated with a horse.
It is sometimes referred to as ‘Winter Cherry’ or ‘Indian Ginseng’, and is particularly noted in Ayurveda for its traditional association with supporting the body’s resilience and overall vitality. The roots of the Ashwagandha plant are commonly used in Ayurvedic preparations5. The benefits of Ashwagandha are as follows:
Ashwagandha is a versatile herb and is traditionally available in various forms, including powders, tablets, and liquid extracts. It may be taken with or without food, depending on individual preference and practitioner guidance.
Caution: The use of Ashwagandha during pregnancy is not generally recommended unless under the supervision of a qualified medical professional. Individuals with thyroid-related conditions, particularly hyperthyroidism, should seek advice from a healthcare practitioner before using Ashwagandha or related preparations.
Brahmi, also known as Bacopa monnieri, is a well-regarded herb in traditional Ayurvedic practice. It has been traditionally used for its association with supporting cognitive health and mental clarity. The plant’s leaves are considered particularly valued in Ayurvedic literature and are often used in various preparations
Brahmi is also noted in traditional sources for its natural antioxidant and soothing properties, which have contributed to its continued use over generations.
Below are some traditionally associated uses of Brahmi7:
Shatavari also known as ‘queen of herbs’. is a medicinal herb with many health benefits. The presence of saponins contributes to its antioxidant properties. Shatavari is traditionally associated with supporting immune function and female reproductive health, as described in classical Ayurvedic texts.
Here are some benefits of Shatavari8:
Liquorice has been used since ancient times in various traditional systems of medicine, including those of India, Greece, and Egypt. Owing to its naturally sweet flavour, it continues to be used in a range of preparations such as herbal teas, confectionery, capsules, and liquid extracts.
The benefits of Liquorice are as follows9,10:
Also Read: Dashmularishta: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Neem has been mentioned extensively in classical Ayurvedic texts and is included in a large number of traditional formulations. It is often associated with supporting general hygiene, skin care, and internal balance in Ayurvedic practice11.
The benefits of neem are as follows:
Licorice root has been traditionally studied for its potential benefits in supporting oral hygiene. Some research17 suggests that compounds found in licorice may help in maintaining dental cleanliness and overall oral health. However, its use should be approached with caution and under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Manjistha is particularly noted for its long-standing use in Ayurvedic practices related to circulatory and skin wellness12. The benefits of Manjistha are as follows;
Amala is highly regarded in Ayurvedic tradition as a nourishing and revitalising fruit. It has naturally occurring antioxidants and helps support the body’s internal balance. The benefits of amala are as follows13:
Some studies18 suggest that Amla contains antioxidants and phytonutrients that may help support cognitive health. Its naturally high Vitamin C content is also believed to play a role in maintaining normal brain function.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Haritaki is known as the ‘king of herbs’ in Ayurveda. In traditional Ayurvedic belief, Haritaki is associated with promoting internal balance and supporting clarity of mind, vitality, and overall well-being. The benefits of Haritaki are as follows:
Also Read: Black Salt: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!
Ayurveda offers a time-tested, holistic approach to health, rooted in balance and natural practices. When used under the guidance of qualified professionals, Ayurvedic herbs may support general well-being as part of a balanced lifestyle.
Also Read: Tamarind (Imli): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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We often hear about antioxidant-rich foods for skin health and heart health, but have you ever thought about what it actually means? You have been told that these are good for your health and protect your heart from various issues. Let’s understand some basics about antioxidants first.
Antioxidants are compounds that are produced by our bodies or obtained from certain foods. They help delay or reduce cell damage in your body caused by free radicals. Free radicals are molecules that can damage your DNA and other cells in the body and may contribute to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can increase your risk of getting chronic diseases like arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, and heart disease1. Please note that you should always speak to a doctor before starting new medicines or supplements and making any major dietary changes.
Antioxidants are present in our blood plasma or cell membranes. Certain vitamins and minerals, such as vitamins E and C, copper, zinc, iodine, and manganese, and certain proteins, such as glutathione and alpha-lipoic acid, can also function as antioxidants. Phytochemicals like quercetin, carotenoids, zeaxanthin, ellagic acid, and flavonoids may also function as antioxidants1,2.
From my experience, I may suggest trying out recipes with avocado if you are looking for antioxidant-rich foods. It might be an excellent choice because it has unmatched levels of vitamin E13.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Antioxidants are found in certain foods and may help protect the body by neutralising free radicals and reducing the damage they may cause. Although the health benefits of antioxidant-rich foods can vary, and evidence is still evolving, here are 10 foods that are known for their antioxidant-rich content:
Dark chocolate is very nutritious as it is packed with cocoa, minerals, and antioxidants. It is one of the foods with the highest amount of antioxidants. Dark chocolate contains cocoa flavanols, which are potent antioxidants that might protect your skin from the sun. It also known to have anti-inflammatory properties that may help regulate blood pressure and help lower the chance of heart disease. Before buying dark chocolate, make sure it contains at least 70% cacao as it has high amounts of fibre and magnesium as compared to dark chocolate with lower percentage of cacao3.
For individuals in search of antioxidant-rich foods, I may recommend incorporating sesame seeds and bran into your diet. These particular foods are notable sources of lignans, which are known for their antioxidant properties14.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Blueberries are small in size but are rich in antioxidants and vitamin C, are low in calories, and have anti-inflammatory properties. Many studies4 have suggested that blueberries contain the highest amount of antioxidants among all fruits and vegetables and contain anthocyanins that may help reduce the chance of heart disease. Blueberries might help improve brain function and lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels4.
Strawberries are sweet, delicious, red-coloured fruits that are full of antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins, and have anti-inflammatory properties. Similar to blueberries, they also contain anthocyanins. The brighter red a strawberry is, the higher the anthocyanin levels might be. Strawberries may help protect your heart by reducing bad cholesterol levels. They may also help protect your healthy cells from certain cancers5.
To increase your intake of antioxidant-rich foods, I advocate incorporating selenium into your diet. Selenium may be found in eggs, tuna, and salmon, making them excellent sources of this beneficial nutrient13.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
This green leafy vegetable is a good source of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, iron, and fibre. It contains two excellent antioxidants, zeaxanthin and lutein, that might help improve your eyesight. Spinach may also be helpful in reducing the chances of age-related macular degeneration6.
Red cabbage, also known as purple cabbage, contains high amounts of antioxidants, vitamins, and polyphenols. It might help strengthen the immune system and pave the way for healthy, glowing skin. Red cabbage, like strawberries, contains anthocyanins and is believed to have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties and may help reduce the chances of heart conditions7.
If you’re looking to enhance your antioxidant intake through beverages, I have several options worth considering for you. Espresso is one choice known for its antioxidant properties. Additionally, other beverages rich in antioxidants include red wine, pomegranate juice, grape juice, prune juice, and black tea15.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Kale is a nutritious vegetable rich in various vitamins, antioxidants, and calcium. It is believed to have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties and may also help in reducing heart and gastrointestinal diseases8. Red kale is known to be more potent than regular kale for good bone health.
Tomatoes are an essential vegetable in our kitchen. They are rich in antioxidants, vitamins C and beta-carotene. Cooked tomatoes contain a high amount of lycopene, an antioxidant, which may help lower the risk of heart attacks and help improve your skin9.
Beets are root vegetables that contain antioxidants called betalains. Betalains may help reduce the occurrence of digestive issues, diabetes, heart conditions, and certain types of cancers. Beets are also a good source of dietary fibre, minerals, proteins, and amino acids and have anti-inflammatory properties10.
Green tea is commonly known for its potential in weight management, but its uses go beyond that, as it is high in antioxidants. It contains a large amount of catechin, which might help reduce cell damage. Green tea is also believed to have protective effects against oxidative damage that leads to the development of cancer11.
Pecans are a great source of minerals, fibre, and antioxidants. Eating raw pecans may help increase antioxidant levels in the blood and help decrease the oxidised bad cholesterol. They may help manage conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions12.
I would like to suggest adding apricots, mangoes, and carrots to your antioxidant-rich diet. These fruits and vegetables are rich in beta-carotene, which might be a potent antioxidant13.
Dr. Ashok Pal, BAMS
Also Read: Best Iodine-Rich Foods to Support Thyroid Health Naturally
Antioxidants are compounds that form in your body or are obtained by consuming certain foods. Eating antioxidant-rich foods regularly may help your body fight against free radicals that can cause cell damage. Including a variety of antioxidant-rich foods as part of a balanced diet may support overall health and well-being. While antioxidants are not a substitute for medical treatment, maintaining a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole foods can help support the body’s natural defence systems. For individual dietary needs or health concerns, it is always advisable to consult a healthcare professional.
Also Read: 10 Iron Rich Foods to Add to Your Diet
Whole foods are generally better because they provide fiber, vitamins, minerals, and multiple antioxidants that work together. Supplements usually contain isolated compounds and may not offer the same protective effects.
A simple rule is to “eat the rainbow.” Include colourful fruits and vegetables like berries, spinach, carrots, tomatoes, and purple cabbage across meals to naturally increase antioxidant intake.
Yes. Frozen produce is often flash-frozen soon after harvesting, which helps preserve many antioxidants and nutrients. In some cases, frozen foods can be as nutritious as fresh ones.
In many cases, yes. Deep colours like dark purple, red, and green often indicate higher levels of compounds such as anthocyanins, carotenoids, and chlorophyll, which have antioxidant properties.
1. Antioxidants. 2022. https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/antioxidants
2. Understanding antioxidants. 2019. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/understanding-antioxidants
3. Katz DL, Doughty K, Ali A. Cocoa and Chocolate in Human Health and Disease. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 2011;15(10):2779-2811. doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3697. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21470061/
4. Kalt W, Cassidy A, Howard LR, et al. Recent Research on the Health Benefits of Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins. Advances in Nutrition. 2020;11(2):224-236. doi:10.1093/advances/nmz065. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31329250/
5. Newerli-Guz J, Śmiechowska M, Drzewiecka A, Tylingo R. Bioactive Ingredients with Health-Promoting Properties of Strawberry Fruit (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne). Molecules. 2023;28(6):2711. doi:10.3390/molecules28062711. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36985683/
6. Chokkara SL. Spinach and its health benefits: A review. 2022;11(8). https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2022/vol11issue8S/PartP/S-11-8-47-875.pdf
7. Vega-Galvez A, Gomez-Perez LS, Zepeda F, et al. Assessment of Bio-Compounds Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Neuroprotective Effect of Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata rubra) Processed by Convective Drying at Different Temperatures. Antioxidants. 2023;12(9):1789. doi:10.3390/antiox12091789. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37760092/
8. Ortega-Hernández E, Antunes-Ricardo M, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Improving the Health-Benefits of Kales (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) through the Application of Controlled Abiotic Stresses: A Review. Plants. 2021;10(12):2629. doi:10.3390/plants10122629. https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/12/2629
9. Collins EJ, Bowyer C, Tsouza A, Chopra M. Tomatoes: An Extensive Review of the Associated Health Impacts of Tomatoes and Factors That Can Affect Their Cultivation. Biology. 2022;11(2):239. doi:10.3390/biology11020239. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35205105/
10. Chen L, Zhu Y, Hu Z, Wu S, Jin C. Beetroot as a functional food with huge health benefits: Antioxidant, antitumor, physical function, and chronic metabolomics activity. Food Science & Nutrition. 2021;9(11):6406-6420. doi:10.1002/fsn3.2577. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8565237/
11. Jurgens TM, Whelan AM, Killian L, Doucette S, Kirk S, Foy E. Green tea for weight loss and weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults. Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group, ed. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012;2012(12). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008650.pub2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23235664/
12. Sandhu AK, Edirisinghe I, Burton-Freeman B. Pecans and Human Health: Distinctive Benefits of an American Nut. Nutrients. 2025;17(23):3686. doi:10.3390/nu17233686. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41373975/
13. Cleveland Clinic. Everything you need to know about antioxidants [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic Health Essentials; 2021 Dec 27 [cited 2026 Mar 12]. Available from: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/what-do-antioxidants-do
14. Better Health Channel. Antioxidants [Internet]. Melbourne (AU): Victorian State Government; 2024 May 3 [cited 2026 Mar 12]. Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/antioxidants
15. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22;9:3. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-3. PMID: 20096093; PMCID: PMC2841576. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2841576/
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Looking for a healthy as well as tasty snack? Pumpkin seeds are the perfect choice! These seeds offer many health benefits and a delicious, sweet and nutty taste that you’ll enjoy. From promoting heart health to helping you sleep better, pumpkin seeds are a powerhouse of nutrition. In this article, we’ll share 14 health benefits of pumpkin seeds, but first, let’s look at their nutritional content.
Friendly Reminder: The information shared here is for educational purposes only and the reader should consult a registered medical practitioner before implementing any changes to their health routine.
There are many benefits to eating pumpkin seeds. Let’s check them out.
Pumpkin seeds have antioxidant potential due to Vitamin E and carotenoids. These antioxidants help reduce inflammation and protect our body from damage caused by free radicals[1].
Pumpkin seeds are good for heart health. Their antioxidants protect the heart from various disorders. Magnesium in pumpkin seeds helps regulate blood pressure. It also lowers bad cholesterol (LDL) levels and triglycerides, which makes it beneficial for people with high blood pressure and heart disease[2]. Fibre present in pumpkin seeds also reduces cholesterol levels, thus protecting our hearts[4].
Consuming pumpkin seeds in moderation may reduce some risk factors related to gastric, breast, and colorectal cancers[6]. This is due to the presence of powerful antioxidants in these seeds. Carotenoids in pumpkin seeds benefit in reducing the risk of prostate cancer[1].
For those managing diabetes, pumpkin seeds are a boon. Rich in magnesium, proteins, and fibres, they are known to benefit people with diabetes mellitus. These nutrients, when included in a diabetes diet plan, can help regulate blood sugar levels effectively[1].
Pumpkin seeds are good for our immune system due to the presence of vitamin E and zinc. Vitamin E enhances immune responses and protects against several infectious diseases[12]. It is also a powerful antioxidant and prevents free radicals from damaging healthy cells in our bodies. Zinc protects our body from inflammation, allergies and invading pathogens, thus preventing infections and increasing overall immunity. Pumpkin seeds exhibit antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral properties.
Amino acid tryptophan present in pumpkin seeds is good for sleep. It is a precursor to serotonin and melatonin. Both serotonin and melatonin help regulate the sleep-wake cycle[7].
Pumpkin seeds benefit bone health because they are rich in proteins and fibre. They make us feel full for a long time, reduce our food intake, and reduce the number of calories consumed. This makes them a good addition to a weight-loss diet.
Pumpkin seeds are rich in magnesium. Magnesium is good for the growth and strength of bones. It has been observed that people with ample amounts of magnesium in their diet tend to have a higher density of minerals in their bones. This helps to avoid risks like bone fractures and osteoporosis[10]. Low levels of magnesium have also been linked to increased inflammation. Another side effect of magnesium deficiency is that calcium levels in the blood also get low.
For those dealing with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), pumpkin seeds can be a helpful addition to their diet. Rich in zinc, these seeds reduce the chances of prostate cancer[6]. Limited data[13] suggests that pumpkin seed oil may help treat and prevent urinary diseases/disorders.
Pumpkin seeds benefit male health because they are rich in zinc. Zinc plays a supportive role in male fertility as it may help support the quality and quantity of sperm[5].
Pumpkin seeds benefits for female health are especially notable during pregnancy, as they are a good source of zinc. Zinc boosts immunity and helps the baby grow healthy[8]. It is helpful to consume zinc-rich foods during pregnancy. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should not consume anything against their doctor’s advice.
The magnesium and tryptophan in pumpkin seeds may help improve sleep patterns. They may also support relaxation and ease of depression and anxiety symptoms[9].
Pumpkin seeds’ benefits for hair include promoting healthy, strong strands with their rich nutrients. Consuming them makes our hair strong, silky, and shiny.
Pumpkin seeds contribute to skin health. The zinc in pumpkin seeds helps improve collagen production[11], which helps in the repair and rejuvenation of the skin. These nutrient-dense seeds may help ease skin problems when consumed in addition to a healthy diet and lifestyle.
Also Read: Papaya Leaves and Seeds to Treat Fever and Other Ailments
Pumpkin seeds are not considered highly allergenic, but you may experience an allergy in rare cases. People allergic to pumpkin seeds may show symptoms like headaches, itching, rashes, difficulty breathing, etc. If you are worried about having an allergy to pumpkin seeds, speak with your doctor before trying them out, especially if you have never eaten them.
Also Read: 14 Amazing Health Benefits of Pumpkin Seeds!
The best way to use pumpkin seeds is to roast them and have them as a snack. We also get pumpkin seed oil and pumpkin seed butter in the market. These seeds can also be added to or sprinkled on:
A powerhouse of nutrition, pumpkin seeds support better heart health and digestion; they’re a delicious snack that promotes overall well-being and are easy to add to your diet.
Also Read: 15 Amazing Health Benefits of Papaya Seeds That You Should Know!
Pumpkin seeds are generally high in fibre, which helps prevent constipation in some individuals. However, if you have an underlying digestive condition or consume them in excessive amounts, they may contribute to constipation. It’s advisable to discuss any concerns with a healthcare professional.
Pumpkin seeds can support weight loss as they are rich in protein and fibre, promoting feelings of fullness and curbing overeating. However, weight loss depends on overall diet and lifestyle factors. It’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian on incorporating pumpkin seeds into a weight loss plan.
Roasting pumpkin seeds can lead to some nutrient loss, particularly with sensitive vitamins like vitamin C. However, the impact on overall nutrient content is relatively modest, and roasted pumpkin seeds remain a healthy snack.
Yes, pepitas are a type of pumpkin seed. They are hulled pumpkin seeds, which means the outer white shell has been removed, leaving the green seed. Pepitas are often smaller, tender, and easier to snack on than whole pumpkin seeds, and they’re used in various culinary dishes and as a nutritious snack.
Pumpkin seeds are considered “heaty” in traditional Chinese medicine, which means they can generate warmth in the body. This quality may make them a suitable choice during colder seasons or for individuals seeking foods with warming properties.
Incorporating pumpkin seeds into your daily diet is generally beneficial. They provide essential nutrients like magnesium, zinc, and healthy fats, promoting overall health when consumed in moderation. However, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional before consuming excess.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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To maintain optimal health, meet the superfruit amla! You probably know it as a sour and bitter tasting fruit which your mother may have frequently included in some recipes.
Amla, consumed in any form, may be equally beneficial. In India, its use has been a longstanding tradition, with its medicinal properties passed down through generations. Today, modern scientific research emphasises on the wide-ranging health benefits of amla, which support the treatment and prevention of various diseases1.
Amla is the richest known natural source of Vitamin C, a nutrient known to have excellent immunity-boosting and antioxidant properties. Regular consumption of vitamin C is associated with improved function of macrophages and other cells of the immune system.
As an antioxidant, vitamin C helps with the metabolism of free radicals that are formed from the reactions between oxygen and hydrogen from food and the environment. Free radicals are responsible for premature ageing and cell damage; consuming amla helps in its reduction2.
Amla helps in lowering bad cholesterol and keeps the levels of good cholesterol optimal. It can reduce the accumulation of fats in arteries and veins. Amla helps in lowering the risk of getting atherosclerosis and promotes healthy circulation, along with overall cardiovascular health3.
Amla’s high-fat burning properties have been shown in various studies. This plant accelerates metabolism, improving protein synthesis and reducing fat deposits. It also favours fluid reduction because it promotes diuresis with the excretion of organic toxins through the urine.
Due to its effect on weight, it is useful for controlling obesity, especially in people with diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular problems4.
This fruit is fibrous, and its fibre content stimulates intestinal transit. The Indian population consumes a diet rich in fibre; however, in countries like the United States and many regions of Europe, this is not so, therefore people tend to have a slow intestinal transit time, constipation, and other digestive discomforts.
The fibre content of amla reduces these problems. Also, in the stomach, it favours digestion because it increases the effect of gastric juices for the breakdown of food. Thus, it is also useful to relieve stomach heaviness and gas5.
Studies have shown the effectiveness of amla extract for hay fever, arthritis, osteoporosis and joint pain. This plant is capable of acting at the cellular level, reducing the expression of proinflammatory cells such as cytokines, COX, and other mediators that are present in chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and cancer, among others6.
Amla may help with metabolism by helping in glucose uptake and maintaining blood glucose levels.
It also reduces oxidative stress and protects pancreatic cells from oxidative damage. The benefits of eating amla include helping in insulin release, which prevents post-meal sugar spikes7.
Various studies have determined that the consumption of amla extract is capable of preventing the process of oncogenesis, which has 4 major mechanisms as follows5:
In my experience, I have observed that amla has shown potential anticoagulant properties. Amla supplementation appeared to prolong the coagulation time, suggesting its anticoagulant activity11.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Studies suggest that amla may have antitumor properties, particularly with certain cancers such as those in the colon and lung. The extract of this fruit can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in cancer cells without affecting too many healthy cells.
In some cases, amla does not induce apoptosis, but may help stop the rate of tumour growth; this provides time for conventional pharmacological treatments to target malignant cells. It is important to note that one should not self-treat but should always seek the advice of a healthcare provider5.
Did you know that according to ancient Indian mythology, the amla tree is believed to be the first tree ever created in the universe? It holds a special significance in mythology and is considered sacred12.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S M.D (Ayu)
The high vitamin C content in amla makes it an excellent antioxidant. In addition, amla contains significant levels of Emblicanin A and B, which are among the most powerful antioxidants. It also includes bioflavonoids, tannins, and a combination of phenols, such as gallic acid and ellagic acid. These antioxidant compounds help reduce cellular oxidation and free radical proliferation, which are key contributors to the aging of both the skin and hair 5,8,9.
Amla may be used as a tonic for its astringent effect, which helps remove impurities and deeply cleanses and purifies the skin, providing luminosity to the face. Amla is indicated for all skin types, especially for those that are dull, devitalised, and ageing skin. Always seek medical guidance before using a product, to know if it is right for you8.
It is a powerful hair care agent that stimulates the hair roots, strengthens the hair strands, and helps promote its growth, with the exception of cases involving congenital alopecia. Its antioxidant properties helps to reduce premature greying. It also has a conditioning effect, providing softness and shine to the hair, improving its texture and helping with split ends9.
Amla-based products are distributed globally, they may be found in organic stores, spice markets, and online shopping sites10.
Over the years, I have observed that amla, with its bioactive compounds, may offer potential protection against neurological alterations, specifically the biochemical changes seen in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Amla’s mechanisms of action is believed to help reduce these changes, possibly by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and promoting brain health12.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Also Read: 8 Great Benefits of Sapota or Chikoo
Choosing the right presentation of amla will depend on the individual’s preference and needs, these formulations include5,10:
One of the most used formulation of amla are capsules, to avoid the classic bitter taste of amla. However, there are powdered forms available which are mixed with other plants which help improve the flavour.
When purchasing an amla-based product, you must verify that the proportion of amla is the predominant one, so you will consume an adequate amount to fully benefit from its medicinal properties.
Also Read: 7 Home Remedies for Glowing Skin
Amla, or Indian gooseberry, is a superfruit with numerous health benefits, from boosting immunity to supporting weight loss and digestive health. Rich in Vitamin C, it enhances the immune system, lowers cholesterol, helps in weight loss, and has anti-inflammatory properties. Amla also helps regulate blood glucose levels, reduces oxidative stress, and supports cancer prevention, making it a versatile and powerful fruit for overall health. Additionally, it offers cosmetic benefits for skin and hair, promoting youthful skin and stimulating hair growth.
Also Read: Celtic Salt: Benefits, Nutritional Value, Side Effects & More!
No, it is not a substitute for any medication. However, if consumed on its alone, it may improve cholesterol levels. Consult a doctor before making changes to your diet.
Amla based products come in two forms orally consumable or for external use and both of these are generally considered safe in children. However, it should not be consumed or applied in excess as it may cause discomfort. Always seek a doctor’s advice before using a these products.
Yes, amla is a gluten-free product suitable for celiacs. It can improve the symptoms of colitis by reducing inflammation and protecting the intestinal mucosa. It also promotes the regeneration of normal microbial flora of the intestine.
Yes, amla is considered a natural energiser that enhances energy and stamina by relieving fatigue, stress,and eliminating toxins from the body. It can be consumed as whole fruit juice, or amla powder can be mixed with water, smoothies, tea or soups.
1. American Indian Health – Health [Internet]. aihd.ku.edu. [cited 2025 Apr 28]. Available from: https://aihd.ku.edu/foods/currants_gooseberries.html
2. Baliga MS, Dsouza JJ. Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn), a wonder berry in the treatment and prevention of cancer. European Journal of Cancer Prevention [Internet]. 2011 May [cited 2025 Apr 28];20(3):225–39. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21317655/
3. Kapoor MP, Suzuki K, Derek T, Ozeki M, Okubo T. Clinical evaluation of Emblica Officinalis Gatertn (Amla) in healthy human subjects: Health benefits and safety results from a randomized, double-blind, crossover placebo-controlled study. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications [Internet]. 2020 Mar [cited 2025 Apr 28];17:100499. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6926135/
4. Nazish I, Ansari SH. Emblica officinalis – Anti-obesity activity. Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine [Internet]. 2017 Dec 5 [cited 2025 Apr 28];15(2). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29206643
5. Gul M, Liu ZW, Iahtisham-Ul-Haq, Rabail R, Faheem F, Walayat N, et al. Functional and Nutraceutical Significance of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.): A Review. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2022 May 1 [cited 2025 Apr 28];11(5):816. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/5/816/htm
6. Wang C, Yuan J, Wang C, Yang N, Chen J, Liu D, et al. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Phyllanthus emblica L on Benzopyrene-Induced Precancerous Lung Lesion by Regulating the IL-1β/miR-101/Lin28B Signaling Pathway. Integrative Cancer Therapies [Internet]. 2016 Aug 24 [cited 2025 Apr 28];16(4):505–15. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5739133/
7. Sharma P, Joshi T, Joshi T, Chandra S, Tamta S. In silico screening of potential antidiabetic phytochemicals from Phyllanthus emblica against therapeutic targets of type 2 diabetes. Journal of Ethnopharmacology [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2025 Apr 28];248:112268. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378874119305914?via%3Dihub
8. Fujii T, Wakaizumi M, Ikami T, Saito M. Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) extract promotes procollagen production and inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human skin fibroblasts. Journal of Ethnopharmacology [Internet]. 2008 Sep [cited 2025 Apr 28];119(1):53–7. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378874108002961?via%3Dihub
9. Yu JY, Gupta B, Park HG, Son M, Jun JH, Yong CS, et al. Preclinical and Clinical Studies Demonstrate That the Proprietary Herbal Extract DA-5512 Effectively Stimulates Hair Growth and Promotes Hair Health. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2025 Apr 28];2017:1–11. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5429933/
10. AMLA PROCESSING PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT [Internet]. [cited 2025 Apr 28]. Available from: https://kviconline.gov.in/pmegp/pmegpweb/docs/commonprojectprofile/AmlaProcessing.pdf
11. Du X, Chen Z, Jin Y, Zeng Z, Li X, Rong C, Cai Z. Role of gut microbiota in the effects of high fructose diet on the liver: Evidence and mechanisms. Front Nutr. 2019 Nov 12;6:128. doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00128. PMCID: PMC6926135. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6926135/
12. Gul M, Liu Z-W, Iahtisham-Ul-Haq, Rabail R, Faheem F, Walayat N, Nawaz A, Shabbir MA, Munekata P, Lorenzo JM, Aadil R. Functional and Nutraceutical Significance of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.): A Review. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 22;11(5):816. doi:10.3390/antiox11050816. PMCID: PMC9137578; PMID: 35624683. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9137578/
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer
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While leafy greens like kale, spinach, lettuce, and fenugreek are commonly recommended for their health benefits, amaranth, also known as chaulai, has often been unnoticed. Resembling spinach in appearance, amaranth is primarily found in the foothills of the Himalayas and along the coasts of South India. This versatile plant comes in a range of colours, including gold, red, green, and purple. Historically, amaranth seeds were a staple food for many ancient civilizations, including the Aztecs. In recent years, amaranth has regained popularity as a superfood, especially after studies revealed the numerous health benefits of its seeds.
Amaranth leaves are gaining popularity due to their rich nutritional content, including essential vitamins, potassium, and fibre, which may help reduce the risk of heart disease. As a result, they are considered a heart-healthy food. In addition, the seeds of the amaranth plant provide a valuable source of gluten-free protein. Native to tropical climates, amaranth is found across various regions of India, with leaves ranging from green, gold, purple, or red depending on the area where it grows.
Amaranth is often used as part of winter dishes such as saag sometimes considered a less popular alternative to spinach. However, they are in fact nutritionally superior to many commonly consumed leafy greens. Amaranth leaves are a powerhouse of essential nutrients, making them a valuable addition to a balanced diet. Let’s explore some of the key health benefits they offer.
Amaranth leaves are a storehouse of essential phytonutrients and antioxidants that help to reduce inflammation in the body and provide an extra boost of nutrition to one’s health1.
Amaranth leaves are an excellent choice for those seeking a nutrient-dense, low-calorie food. Just 100 grams of these leaves contain only 371 calories, with negligible fat and no cholesterol, making them ideal for individuals aiming to manage or reduce their weight2.
In addition to being low in calories, amaranth leaves are rich in both soluble and insoluble fibre, which support digestive health and help in regulating cholesterol levels. The combination of fibre and protein in these leaves may promote satiety, reduce appetite, and contribute to healthy weight management. These attributes make amaranth leaves a valuable addition to a balanced, heart healthy diet.
Amaranth leaves are a valuable source of iron, a vital mineral required for the production of red blood cells and for supporting cellular metabolism. To enhance the absorption of iron from plant-based sources like amaranth, it is recommended to consume them alongside a source of vitamin C, which helps in maximizing iron uptake in the body3. For example, adding a dash of lemon juice to cooked amaranth leaves or pairing the dish with a glass of orange juice can significantly improve iron absorption and help boost overall nutritional benefit.
Amaranth leaves are an excellent source of vitamin C, a powerful water-soluble antioxidant essential for maintaining overall health1. Having 100 grams of the leaves will meet 70% of your daily requirement for vitamin C. This vitamin is a water-soluble vitamin and helps in fighting off infections and in wound healing4. It also helps to reduce the effect of free radicals in the environment which cause ageing and many types of cancer.
Amaranth leaves are rich in vitamin A and a cup of amaranth leaves may meet 97% of your daily requirement of vitamin A. They are also rich in flavonoid polyphenolic antioxidants like beta-carotene, zeaxanthin, and lutein which provide a protective layer against oxidative stress caused by free radicals. Vitamin A is also needed for healthy skin and proper vision1.
Amongst all the green leafy vegetables, amaranth leaves have the highest quantity of vitamin K. This vitamin is needed for bone health and also plays an important role in blood clotting. It promotes osteoblastic activity and strengthens bone mass. It is also beneficial for those who have Alzheimer’s disease as it controls the neural damage in the brain1.
Amaranth leaves are rich in B vitamins, these include, folates, riboflavin, niacin, and thiamine. They help prevent birth defects in newborn babies and are needed for optimal mental and physical health1.
The leaves of this plant are rich in potassium, which supports cardiac health. Potassium is necessary to maintain a balanced cellular fluid environment. It also controls the heart rate in the human body1.
The seeds of the amaranth plant are used as a grain substitute and can be ground to be made into flour. This protein-rich flour is entirely gluten-free, so it is incredibly beneficial for those who have gluten intolerance5.
Amaranth leaves and seeds are excellent sources of plant-based protein, surpassing even oats in protein content1. Obtaining protein from plant sources is often considered a healthier alternative to animal-based proteins, as it typically involves lower levels of fat and cholesterol. The high protein content in amaranth leaves may also help in appetite regulation. Protein-rich foods contribute to a feeling of fullness by lowering insulin levels and promoting satiety, which can be beneficial for those aiming to manage their weight or reduce overall calorie intake.
Amaranth leaves have lysine, an essential amino acid that is needed for energy production and helps in the absorption of calcium. Lysine in amaranth may also promote hair growth and is beneficial to the skin. Those who have hair loss or greying may benefit significantly from eating amaranth leaves1.
Amaranth leaves are known to lower bad cholesterol, which are responsible for many cardiac problems6.
Amaranth leaves are rich in calcium and thus are beneficial for those who have osteoporosis and other bone health problems related to a deficiency of calcium7.
Amaranth leaves are often recommended for individuals recovering from illness or those observing fasts, as they are easy to digest. Amaranth leaves are also helpful in supporting digestive health such as in cases of diarrhoea and minor internal bleeding (haemorrhages). Regular consumption has been known to be associated with improved digestion and overall gastrointestinal well-being, making them a suitable addition to a diet focused on recovery and nourishment8.
Amaranth leaves are known by a variety of names across different cultures and regions. Some of the commonly used names include African spinach, callaloo, bush greens, Chinese spinach, Joseph’s coat, and golden grain of the Gods. The term “Amaranth” is derived from the Greek word amarantos, meaning “unfading”, a name that reflects the ancient belief of the plant’s enduring and resilient nature. This symbolism, along with its nutritional richness, has contributed to amaranth’s esteemed status throughout history10.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Also Read: Harad: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!
Amaranth leaves are highly versatile and feature in a variety of traditional dishes across India and other parts of the world. In India, the red variety of amaranth is most commonly used in cooking. It is often prepared by sautéing the leaves with spices, garlic, and onions, a dish popularly known as lal saag or chaulai saag. In some regions, the leaves are cooked with lentils and served with rice or roti, referred to as dal saag.In Andhra Pradesh, a well-known preparation is thotakura pappu, made by cooking amaranth leaves with moong dal or toor dal. Another regional variation includes a curry made with gram flour and amaranth leaves. In Kerala, the dish is known as cheera thoran, where the leaves are finely chopped and sautéed with grated coconut, chilies, curry leaves, and other traditional spices. In Tamil Nadu, the dish keerai masial is a simple and nutritious preparation served with steamed rice.
Beyond Indian cuisine, Amaranth is also enjoyed in other cultures. Fresh, tender leaves and shoots can be eaten raw in salads or consumed as a juice9. In China, amaranth is called yin-tsai and is used in a variety of soups and stir-fries. In Greece, the leaves are known as vleeta and are part of a dish called Vrasta Chorta, which includes dandelion, mustard greens, chicory greens, and is typically served with extra virgin olive oil and lemon juice.
Did you know? Amaranth leaves can be used as a food colouring agent. The common shades that are used are pink or red. Nowadays, the ‘amaranth’ food colouring agent is termed Red Dye No.2 and was banned in the United States in 197610.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Also Read: Incredible Health Benefits of Guava Fruit & Its Leaves
Amaranth leaves and grains are known as a superfood because they are beneficial for almost every organ of the body. Their mild, earthy flavour makes them easy to incorporate into everyday meals. whether stir-fried, combined with lentils, or prepared in traditional dishes. Rich in protein, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, and essential vitamins, amaranth offers significantly more than many other leafy greens.
Notably, copper and manganese contribute to the body’s antioxidative defence, with copper also playing a vital role in the production of red blood cells. Zinc supports growth, immune function, and digestive health, making amaranth an excellent choice for overall nourishment.
Also Read: Curry Leaves (Kadi Patta): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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The current societal environment is marked by a changing perception of beauty, which can largely be attributed to advertising and media portrayals of an ‘ideal’ body type. This often pressurises vulnerable young people to fit into a ‘society-approved’ mould.
Losing weight and attaining an ideal body type feature prominently on most people’s to-do lists, whether as a New Year’s resolution or while planning for a big event or holidays. While maintaining a healthy weight is important for long-term health, the diet industry thrives on people’s desire for rapid weight loss, often promoting quick results over healthier approaches.
What we fail to realise is that extreme diets can pose many health risks. There are no true shortcuts to healthy weight loss, which is best achieved through a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and healthy lifestyle habits1.
In the quest to lose weight quickly and easily, most people tend to go on an extreme diet. This usually involves reducing their calorie intake substantially to lose a lot of weight in a short period, which essentially pushes the body beyond its healthy limits.
As a general guide, men typically need around 2500 calories a day and women about 2000 calories a day, depending on their age and activity levels. Individuals with obesity may be recommended a calorie-controlled diet to achieve a healthy weight, but this should be ideally planned under a doctor’s or dietitian’s supervision. Many dietitians advise gradual weight loss of about one or two pounds a week. Losing weight faster than this through dieting is generally considered extreme dieting2.
While extreme dieting may have the desired effect of rapid weight loss, it is often associated with many potential health risks due to severe calorie restriction and limited food variety. Extreme dieting may not be sustainable as it may lead to an increased risk of disordered eating behaviours like binge eating and an unhealthy relationship with food. If you are considering an extreme diet, you should ensure that you have a full understanding of the possible health risks and side effects of reducing calorie intake and restricting your food choices3.
In my experience and research, I advise against extreme dieting, especially for young individuals. In a study, it was found that self-led extreme dieting actually led to more weight gain over time. Instead, focus on adopting balanced and healthy eating habits to maintain a healthy weight in the long term.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Extreme diets yield extreme results but not always in the way you would like. They are more likely to make you feel fatigued, moody, nauseous, or irritable. They may also lead to electrolyte imbalance, reduced immunity, hair loss, and digestive issues like bloating and constipation4,6. In the long term, they can set you up for metabolism problems, rebound weight gain and life-threatening medical conditions. The following is a breakdown of the changes that happen in your body when you follow extreme diets like completely eliminating carbohydrates, following a liquid-only diet, or severely calorie-restricted diet.
The immediate ‘success’ of a crash diet is just an illusion, as any pounds that are lost most likely come from water rather than body fat. When on a restricted-calorie or carbohydrate intake, the first source of energy the body burns, long before fat, is glycogen. Glycogen, a form of carbohydrate stored in the liver and muscles, is bound to water, so its depletion leads to significant fluid loss. As a result, dehydration may occur, with symptoms like headache, fatigue, and dizziness7.
Since extreme diets may be associated with yo-yoing or gaining back all of the weight that was lost on a diet, they may contribute to insulin resistance and potentially type 2 diabetes8.
Malnutrition and extreme diets are deeply connected. Malnutrition can lead to the atrophy of muscles throughout the body, leading to muscle wasting. If weight loss is extremely fast, the muscles of the heart can atrophy. Extremely low-calorie liquid diets, for instance, have been linked to ventricular arrhythmias and death. A weakened heart is a serious problem that can be life-threatening2,9.
When one is following extreme diets, the body experiences a calorie deficit and energy levels drop, metabolism will naturally slow to conserve energy. This can stall weight loss and lead to the loss of muscle tone
In the case of extreme diets, severe diet restriction leads to many nutrient deficiencies such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins (especially vitamins A, D, E, and K) and minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and sodium. These are essential food groups, and their deficiency can cause numerous health conditions10.
Losing weight very quickly, especially by following extremely low-calorie diets, may lead to the release of more cholesterol into the bile and incomplete emptying of the gallbladder, both of which can increase the chances of developing gallstones11.
Severe reduction in calorie intake may affect the function of key hormones such as leptin, thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine or T3), testosterone, and oestrogen (estradiol), which are involved in appetite control, metabolism, and reproductive health. This may contribute to symptoms such as irregular periods, reduced fertility, low energy levels, and changes in mood5.
Severely restricted and long-term dieting or rapid weight loss can disturb the body’s natural hormone balance, which plays an important role in regulating the menstrual cycle. This makes the body reduce the hormone production needed for regular periods. As a result, menstrual cycles may become irregular, delayed, or stop completely for some time, leading to the absence of periods (amenorrhoea)5,12.
Following a restricted diet for a long timemay reduce the availability of calcium and vitamin D in the body, potentially leading to weakened bones and increasing fracture risk13.
According to research published in The Journal of Neuroscience, extreme diets or crash diets, even if they contain an adequate supply of carbohydrates, increase the levels of the stress hormone corticosterone in the brain, making it more susceptible to stress, increasing the risk of depression and potentially increasing the risk of future binge-eating behaviours14.
Based on what I’ve seen in adults, chronic dieting can lead to various symptoms such as constantly thinking about food, feeling easily distracted and irritable, experiencing fatigue, and having a tendency to overeat or even binge eat. The mechanism behind this is that restrictive dieting can put the body in a state of deprivation, leading to increased cravings and a heightened focus on food.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
If you have been fasting for a long time or are on a low-calorie diet and experience the following symptoms, you should consult a doctor at the earliest:
While extreme diets may seem tempting because they promise fast results, they often place unnecessary stress on the body and can be difficult to sustain. In contrast, choosing a healthy approach to weight loss supports the body’s natural processes and reduces the risk of side effects such as weakness, nutrient deficiencies, and hormonal imbalance. A steady, well-planned approach seems to be the best way to lose weight as it helps the body adapt safely to changes in diet and activity.
Healthy weight loss focuses on balanced meals, regular physical activity, and realistic goals that fit into everyday life. This method helps preserve muscle, maintain energy levels, and support overall physical and mental wellbeing. Although progress may be slower, healthy weight loss is more sustainable and increases the chances of maintaining results in the long term.
Extreme diets may lead to quick weight loss, but they often place significant strain on the body and increase the risk of both short- and long-term health problems. A healthier approach that focuses on balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, and gradual weight loss is safer and more sustainable in the long term. If you are concerned about your weight or eating habits or need advice on how to safely diet and lose weight, seek guidance from a dietitian or doctor.
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