Star fruit is scientifically known as Averrhoa carambola. It belongs to the family Oxalidaceae. It has many different species, namely, A. dolichocarpa, A.microphylla, A.leucopetala, A.bilimbi and A. carambola. However, A. carambola is most cultivated and exported species native to southeast Asia1. Star fruits are juicy, crunchy and a mixture of slightly sweet and sour tastes. They are usually green when small and unripe and turn yellow when ripen. The name ‘star fruit’ was coined because of the longitudinally stretched ridges of oval-shaped carambola fruit that give the appearance of a star when cut cross-sectionally2,4.
Star fruit contains various nutrients such as vitamins (B1, B2 and C), minerals, and bioactive compounds. It is a good source of fibre and contains cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. Star fruit may help with various diseases related to the brain, heart and stomach1,3.
Star fruit contains various nutrients such as vitamins (B1, B2 and C), minerals, and bioactive compounds. It is a good source of fibre and contains cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. Star fruit helps manage various diseases related to the brain, heart and stomach1,3.
Star fruit has a very high amount of nutrients.
The potential properties of star fruit are given as follows:
The scientific name of ‘Star fruit’ is Averrhoa carambola. The word carambola is a derivation of the Sanskrit word karmaranga which means “food appetizer”. Also, in Malayalam, it is known as a carambola.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
The potential of star fruit for various health-related issues might be described as follows.
Star fruit contains insoluble fibre that may help decrease the absorption of carbohydrates in the body. The crude extract of star fruit might also significantly lower blood glucose levels and triglycerides levels and increases insulin levels in the blood. These findings indicate that it may help in the potential management for diabetes3.
The leaves of star fruit are rich in vitamin C and bioactive compounds like phenols and flavonoids, which are abundant sources of natural anti-oxidants3. These anti-oxidants might help in scavenging free radicles such as peroxides and hyperoxides and may remove inflammation-causing toxins from the body1.
A study found that star fruit decreases lipid levels, significantly lowers cholesterol levels by reducing body mass index, atherogenic index (reflects the value of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein) and liver cholesterol in animal models, preventing the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It may help with cholesterol levels owing to its high fibre and low-fat content2,3.
Star fruit is a rich source of vitamin C and minerals that may help reduce swelling of joints, dermatitis (skin inflammation) and psoriasis (rash and formation of dry patches on the skin)5. Due to its potential anti-inflammatory properties, star fruit may also help with sore throat and cough and has been used in ancient times1.
Star fruit (Kamrakh) has a good amount of electrolytes such as sodium and potassium that may help to regulate blood pressure and might help with heartbeat and blood flow. Calcium present in star fruit may also help with the tension in arteries and might lower the risk of developing heart diseases such as heart attack and stroke3.
The extract from the leaves of star fruit might help with stomach discomfort and the formation of ulcers. It also contains bioactive compounds and mucilage that may provide a lining to digestive mucosa, helping with the damage caused by gastritis1.
The leaf, fruit and bark of star fruit have been found to have a potential to inhibit the growth of various bacteria and fungi, exhibiting anti-microbial activity. The leaf extracts of star fruit might have a potential to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria such as S. aureus, Klebsiella spp., E. coli, P. aeruginosa and B. cereus1,3.
Star fruit contains vitamin C, which might not only help in scavenging free radicals, but also may produce a high level of white blood cells and might help build a strong immune system3.
Consumption of star fruit might be beneficial in lowering the risk of developing cancer. Polyphenols like proanthocyanin, gallic acid and vitamin C are present in star fruit and may act as strong antioxidants. These antioxidants may scavenge peroxides and hyperoxides, assist the immune system and help with the toxins of the body, which may potentially be helpful for cancer. Star fruit extract might have a potential effect against tumour cells and might decrease tumour yield and tumour burden and increase healthy cell viability, survival time and levels of haemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC)1,3.
Though there are studies that show the benefits of star fruit in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need of further studies to establish the true extent of benefits of star fruit on human health.
In India, people mix the roots of star fruits with sugar to make an antidote for poisoning. Moreover, ripe star fruit may help in reducing bleeding in patients with haemorrhages. Dried star fruit might help bring down fevers.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Starfruit can be used in the following ways:
You should always consult your Ayurvedic physician before consuming star fruit in large quantities or for therapeutic benefits. They will be the best person to prescribe you the correct form and dosage as per your health condition.
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Did you know starfruit has a use in production of alcohol? It can be fermented and used as raw material to make alcohol. It can be done with the help of yeast like Saccharomyces cerevisiae by producing ethanol and carbon dioxide8.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Star fruit contains essential bioactive components oxalic acid and caramboxin, which are harmful to patients suffering from kidney diseases. Excessive consumption of star fruit can result in vomiting, hiccups (involuntary contractions of the diaphragm), mental confusion and death. It is recommended that individuals with kidney stones, kidney failure or undergoing management of dialysis should not consume star fruit. Excess consumption of star fruit could result in neurotoxicity leading to fits3,6.
Also Read: Karela Juice: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Star fruit is generally considered to be safe if it is taken in the moderate amounts. However, general precautions have to be followed while consuming star fruit. Excessive intake of star fruit might cause acute kidney damage, especially if taken on an empty stomach or in dehydration. Therefore, it is not advised for elderly patients or individuals on an empty stomach to have star fruit3. If any health-related issue appears, consult your Ayurvedic physician.
Depending on how ripe they are, starfruits have different flavours. Unripe fruit tends to be firmer and tarter, making it suited for savoury meals. It is best for desserts and other sweet meals as it ripens since it gets sweeter and juicier9.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Also Read: Water Apple: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, And More!
Consumption of star fruit in any form with medications undergoing cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism may lead to an increase in their effective dosage within the body7. Since star fruits have several documented nutritional and therapeutic advantages, but they are harmful to people with kidney issues due to the presence of bioactive compounds in the fruit. Individuals undergoing kidney treatment should avoid the consumption of star fruit1,3,5. Kindly, consult a qualified doctor and ask them if it is safe for you to eat star fruit. Please do not self-medicate or discontinue any ongoing treatment. Your doctor is the only one authorised to make changes to your treatment if and when necessary. The choice of treatment or adjustments to it are at the discretion of your doctor basis your consultation with them.
Also Read: Mangosteen: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Owing to its high nutritional value1 and its ability to increase haemoglobin level3. it may help with the growth and development of the baby. However, due to the lack of sufficient safety data and the property of star fruit causing nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity3,6. it is advised to consult your Ayurvedic physician before consuming it during pregnancy.
Star fruit contains many nutritional components that might help with your health. It might help to regulate blood pressure and blood glucose level, may improve metabolism and digestion, might enhance immunity and might help with inflammation1,6. However, there is a need for more studies to be sure and regard its use for health related issues.
Yes. A few studies have shown that star fruit contains a high amount of insoluble fibres, which allow slow absorption of carbohydrates. This might help with blood glucose levels in persons with diabetes1. However, there is insufficient data. Therefore, there is a need for more studies on this subject.
Star fruit can be eaten as a whole fruit, ripe or unripe. The unripe fruit is eaten as a snack with rock salt, while the ripe fruit can consume as jams, jellies and juices. The extract of the leaf of star fruit might be prescribed by your Ayurvedic physician as an anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agent1. However, more studies are required for its use.
No. Individuals suffering from kidney diseases are not advised to consume star fruits. Eating star fruit in such conditions can lead to acute kidney damage, seizures and even death3. Kindly consult your physician for using star fruit. Do not self-medicate or discontinue an ongoing treatment on your own.
Star fruit is usually safe to consume unless the person is suffering from kidney diseases or on medication metabolised by cytochrome P4503,7. However, there is a need for more studies on this subject as the available data is insufficient. Therefore, you should consult a doctor before using star fruit.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Lagenaria siceraria, known as bottle gourd in English and Lauki in Hindi, is a common vegetable in India. Bottle gourd has been used traditionally to help with many health conditions like fever, cough, pain, and asthma. It has been used since ancient times for its benefits. It is also considered a good source of vitamin B, C, and other nutrients. It is known for its shape, a bottle, a dumbbell, or an oval shape.
You may find bottle gourd boring to eat, but it is considered one of the earliest plants to be cultivated on Earth. It may also be packed with many health-promoting benefits. If you want to learn more about the bottle gourd or lauki, continue reading.
Nutritional value of bottle gourd per 10 grams of serving1:
Bottle gourd might have the following properties:
Bottle gourd might have properties that may be good for the liver, as per several animal studies. Bottle gourd may offer many potential benefits, helpful in liver condition and functions. These possible benefits have been observed in animal trials3. You must still contact your doctor before using a bottle gourd for any liver ailment.
Consuming bottle gourd may show beneficial effects on the memory. Certain compounds in bottle gourd may show pain-relieving and central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity by acting on the brain. CNS depressant activity might indicate its possible effects on calming the mind3. Before using a bottle gourd for its benefits for the brain, you should contact your doctor and get a proper diagnosis and treatment.
Bottle gourd (Lauki) extract might act against the cancerous cells, as per an animal study4. In addition, its stem extract may show potent cytotoxic (toxic to cells in the body) activity against cancer cell lines as per a laboratory study5. This anticancer activity of bottle gourd may be attributed to its potential antioxidant and cytotoxic abilities. These potential benefits of bottle gourd have been studied in laboratory studies. However, you must consult your doctor before using any herbal supplement or remedy to replace or discontinue ongoing treatment.
Bottle Gourd has been traditionally used to help with diabetes. Because of the low fat and high fibre content, bottle gourd may be recommended as the food of choice for people having diabetes. Bottle gourd extract could effectively reduce the blood glucose levels in diabetic animals, as indicated by an animal trial. The potential anti-diabetic benefits of bottle gourd have been observed in animal trials6, and more studies are needed to validate these properties in humans.
Bottle gourd might be a good option for losing weight as it is low in calories and contains mostly water7. It is also rich in dietary fibre and contains low fat and cholesterol. These properties may help with weight management. You can add bottle gourd to your regular diet to help you manage weight. However, before using any herbal remedy for weight loss, you need to consult your doctor about its potential uses and side effects.
Bottle gourd is a good source of vitamin C and zinc that may offer several skin benefits. Vitamin C is an essential vitamin for overall skin health. It may protect the skin from the damage caused by ultraviolet radiation8. It may also help to prevent signs of skin ageing, such as skin sagging. It may also help strengthen the skin barrier by enhancing the production of skin barrier lipids9.. If you are suffering from any skin ailments, contact a skincare doctor or dermatologist, as they will be able to guide you about the uses and limitations of herbs and vegetables.
Though there are studies that show the benefits of bottle gourds in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of bottle gourds on human health.
All plant parts, including fruits, leaves, stems, bark, fruit rind, seeds, and oil, also might be used in traditional medicine.
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an Ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Drinking bottle gourd juice that tastes bitter may cause severe poisoning reactions. The symptoms of bottle gourd juice poisoning may involve vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, hematochezia (blood in stools), haematemesis (vomiting blood), shock, and even death6. You must always consult your doctor immediately if you observe any of these symptoms.
Also Read: Alum: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Some of the precautions to take with bottle gourd are:
Before using a bottle gourd for its medicinal benefits, reach out to your healthcare provider.
Also Read: Jaggery: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More
There is a lack of sufficient data to prove the safety or interactions of bottle gourd with other medications. Therefore, if you are taking any medicines, you must consult your doctor regarding potential interactions with foods and vegetables. They will be able to guide you better regarding the precautions and interactions of a specific medicine.
Also Read: Lychee: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Rajeev Singh
Bottle gourd or lauki contains plenty of vitamin C. Vitamin C may be beneficial for skin health. Vitamin C might be valuable for protecting the skin from ultraviolet-induced damage. Bottle gourd juice may be used as a source of vitamin C.
Bottle gourd has low-calorie content, and it contains mostly water. Bottle gourd is also rich in dietary fibre. The nutritional value of bottled gourd juice may make it a good choice for people who want to eat healthily and manage weight. However, there is a lack of data supporting its usage and beneficial effects on humans. You may meet a doctor or dietician to gain more insight into weight management methods.
Bottle gourd may show good nutritional value and contain plenty of vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates. Bottle gourd juice might be consumed for its nutritional benefits. It may also help keep the liver healthy and may also help with disease conditions and skin health.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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Peaches, also known as Prunus persica, belong to the family Rosaceae. Peaches are classified as stone fruits or dupes, along with cherries, apricots and plums. They have a whitish or yellow flesh that is encased around a single, hard and large seed. Their outer skin is velvety and bruises easily1.
Peach is originally from China and is now being cultivated all over the world. It was first introduced to Persia and the Mediterranean through the Silk Road, a popular trade route in the olden days. Peaches had gained popularity from Persia and were believed to be their own for a long time, thus explaining the origin of the scientific name. It is now being cultivated in various states of the United States Of America, Canada, China, Japan, Iran, Turkey and the Mediterranean region. In the United States, Georgia is known as the Peach State1.
Peach fruits may benefit our health as they contain numerous vitamins and minerals. The following sections contain a detailed explanation of how peaches may benefit our health.
The percentage content of peaches per 100 g is as follows:
A single peach can provide you with 6% of your daily vitamin A needs and 15% of your daily vitamin C needs, along with a host of other beneficial nutrients such as vitamins E and K, niacin, folate, iron, potassium, and more. Embrace the health benefits of this delicious fruit to support your overall well-being5.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
The health benefits of peaches may be due to the following properties:
Enjoy the guilt-free delight of a peach, which contains only 50 calories. A medium-sized peach is a low-calorie fruit makes that for a smart choice when it comes to eating a healthy diet. Indulge in the natural sweetness of peaches while keeping your calorie intake in check5.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
In general, fruits are good for health. As mentioned above, peaches may have a lot of properties that may make them good for health. This is mainly due to peaches being rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. In the following section, let’s look at peaches’ potential health benefits in detail.
The peach fruit is a natural source of potassium, which may be important for maintaining heart functions. In addition, animal studies have shown that peaches may help lower elevated blood pressures, which may help reduce the risk of heart problems. Furthermore, it was also seen that peaches might benefit the heart by lowering cholesterol levels in the blood, which is one of the advantages of peaches for the heart. Overall, peaches may help in maintaining heart health. However, there is a need for more studies in humans to prove its efficiency in humans4.
As seen in laboratory studies, peaches may protect our skin from the damage caused by the harmful rays of the sun, especially ultraviolet rays (UV-B). Even though there is a need for more research in this area to regard it as concrete scientific evidence, you might be able to reap its benefits by eating it. Some people may use it to get smooth skin too4.
Several studies have shown that peaches might be good for building our immunity. It is because peaches are rich in antioxidants, polyphenols and Vitamin C, which are bioactive compounds. These compounds may perform various functions like protecting cells from damage and slowing aging. Moreover, a study showed that eating peaches regularly might decrease the chances of breast cancer. In addition, there is a chance that eating peaches might decrease the severity of allergic response. However, there is a need for more research in this field to state it as a fact. Nonetheless, it is hypothesized that these actions might be due to the potential benefits of peaches for strengthening the immune system4.
Peaches may be beneficial for eye health as they contain beta-carotene. Beta-carotene is a pigment that is present in many fruits. It transforms into Vitamin A, which may help in the maintenance of eye health. However, there is inadequate research to state it as a fact. Therefore, there is a need for more research to prove the potential uses of peaches for the eyes4.
Peaches are rich in fibre which may be beneficial for digestion. It contains both soluble and insoluble fibre. Insoluble fibre might help with digestion and stool formation, while soluble fibre may play a role in maintaining stable sugar and cholesterol levels in the blood. In some studies, it was seen that tea made from peach flowers might also help digestion. However, more research is needed in this field4.
Inflammation may be caused due to various triggers in the body, which can lead to many diseases. Inflammation is due to the activation of our immune system, which is mostly an advantage for us, but when it becomes excessive, it may pose a threat by inviting many diseases. Peaches contain bioactive components that may alleviate inflammation and reduce the risk of diseases like diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease4.
Though there are studies that show the benefits of peaches in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of peaches on human health.
Enhance your diet with the nutrient-rich peaches, as they provide essential minerals like potassium, fluoride, and iron. Fluoride contributes to strong teeth and bones, much need for decreasing the occurrence of dental cavities and bone fractures5.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Peaches may be used in various ways:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an Ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Peaches are fruits and may not show any side effects when taken in moderate quantities. There is not enough documented data to indicate the side effects of peaches. However, some people might be allergic to it. So if you have a known allergy, it is better to avoid it. If you suspect that you might be allergic to peaches, talk to your doctor and get it confirmed.
Also Read: Plums: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
In the following cases, it is better to be cautious while taking peaches:
In the above cases, it is advised that you discuss with your doctor the safety of peaches for you specifically.
Also Read: Kiwi: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
There is insufficient documented data to show the interactions of peaches with other drugs. However, there is a chance that they may react with a few drugs. So, suppose you’re on any medication, discuss with your doctor if eating peaches will interfere with the medicines you are taking.
Also Read: Mangosteen: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Peaches (Aadoo) may be valuable for us as they have a lot of bioactive compounds. They are rich in antioxidants. They are good for the heart, skin, immune system, etc4.
Studies have shown that eating peaches might benefit our skin by protecting it from damage by ultraviolet sun rays4. It may also be used at home for getting smooth skin by mashing it along with other fruits like papaya and mixing it with honey or yoghurt.
Peaches may be beneficial for our eyes as they contain beta-carotene. Beta-carotene transforms into Vitamin A, which may be essential for the maintenance of healthy eyes4.
There is no scientific evidence that peaches may be good for growing healthy nails. Therefore, there is a need for more research in this area.
Peaches may possess anti-diabetic properties. They also contain soluble fibre, which may help in stabilising blood sugar levels. Therefore, eating peaches might be beneficial for diabetes3,4.
There is no report or study stating the value of peaches for hair. Thus, more study is required in this area to gain more knowledge about the potential benefits of peaches for hair.
There is no evidence in the form of studies stating that peaches are good for weight loss. Due to the lack of evidence, it cannot be said whether peaches are good for weight loss or not. There is a need for more research in this area.
The peach fruit is rich in fibre, which may help in digestion and stool formation. A few studies have also shown that peach flower tea might help digestion, but this requires more research to prove its effectiveness4.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Raw papaya is often overlooked, but it is completely loaded with health benefits. Rich in nutrients and available year-round, it’s considered a powerhouse of nutrition and is widely recognized for its value.
The raw papaya plant itself is regarded as a valuable nutraceutical fruit. Its botanical name is Carica papaya Linn, and it belongs to the Caricaceae family. Originally native to southern Mexico and Costa Rica, the papaya plant has since spread to tropical and subtropical regions, including India, Sri Lanka, Australia, Hawaii, the Philippines, and South Africa1. Known by many names such as papita, papaia, pawpaw, papayabaum, and arabd-kharpuja, papaya has a global presence.
Read on to learn more about this multipurpose commercial fruit crop.
Papaya is a commoner’s fruit due to its low cost and high nutritional value. Papaya contains a vast array of phytochemicals, including proteins, fats and oils, enzymes, polysaccharides, flavonoids, vitamins and minerals. Papaya is pretty low in calories and has a high amount of vitamin C1.
The nutritional value of raw papaya per 100 grams is as follows:
Papaya contains various biologically active plant chemicals that might be used for different purposes.1 Papaya might have the following properties:
The whole plant of papaya might have beneficial value. It has various phytochemicals like enzymes, vitamins and minerals. Some of its potential uses are given below.2
Eating raw papaya might benefit the food digestion process. Unripe papaya might contain a good amount of digestive enzyme, which might be an excellent aid to digestion. It may help in the smooth digestion of protein present in the food. People who cannot digest wheat gluten may tolerate it if it is mixed with the white latex of raw papaya. It has the crude papain enzyme, which might help solubilise gluten protein5, 6. Hence, it may be used by people who have trouble with the digestion of protein-containing food items.
Papaya fruits might be used in topical ulcer dressing, which might help wound healing. It may be used in the burn dressings of children. It may also reduce the odour associated with long-term skin ulcers7. The papaya fruit pulp may be mashed and applied to the infected burn wounds8, which may help deal with infection development. The potential mechanism could be the enzymatic action of papain as well as the antimicrobial activity of papaya fruit.
Raw papaya may be valuable for restoring and rebuilding damaged skin. The peel of papaya contains vitamin A and might be used as a skin-lightening agent. If you apply a mixture of papaya peel with little honey to your skin, it may act as a moisturiser and make your skin look smoother9. The rubbing action of the white papaya pulp might help improve pimples and wrinkles on the facial skin due to its good bleaching activity. It may also remove the dead skin cells allowing the lightening of skin colour9.
In my opinion, papaya is a skin miracle-worker! Its β-carotene and lycopene content can’t replace sunscreen, but they might help protect against sunburn and boost the skin’s defence mechanism against UV damage. Enjoy papaya for a healthy and happy skin glow!
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Eating raw papaya might help to reduce the risk of the formation of colon cancer and prostate cancer in men10. The fruits of papaya contain dietary fibre, which may bind to the toxins present in the colon that may cause cancer-related to the colon. Raw papaya might help sweep these toxins from the body, keeping a healthy environment inside the colon. These nutrients might also protect colon cells from the damages caused by the free radicals.
Though there are studies that show the benefits of raw papaya in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need of further studies to establish the true extent of benefits of raw papaya on human health.
I would recommend giving fermented papaya a try and enjoying its tasty superpowers! Fermented papaya is a fantastic fruit. Studies2 have shown that it might help pre-diabetics by boosting their antioxidants and protecting their red blood cells from harmful stress.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Papaya is a healthy and delicious fruit. It may be used in various ways.
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an Ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
I would suggest trying fermented papaya if you’re looking for a tasty and fun way to protect yourself against age-related and neurological diseases. One research4 shows that Alzheimer’s is linked to oxidative stress, but guess what? Fermented papaya may comes to the rescue! It might help counteract those free radicals that love to wreak havoc in our bodies.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Also Read: Papaya Leaves and Seeds to Treat Fever and Other Ailments
The side effects of raw papaya may be related to women’s health.
Ayurvedic herbs may have specific side effects and may react differently in every people. Ensure that you consult an Ayurvedic physician before using it for proper guidance.
Eating raw papaya may be considered safe. However, general precautions need to be followed.
We recommend you consult your Ayurvedic physician before having papaya for medicinal purposes. They will be the correct person to guide you about the safe dosage form.
Also Read: Benefits of Pineapple for Health, Skin and Hair
There is not enough information available on the interaction of raw papaya with other drugs. However, this does not mean that there are no interactions at all.
Therefore, it is always better to follow the advice of an Ayurvedic doctor. They will prescribe you the best way to have it.
Also Read: Mulberry (Shahtoot): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Raw papaya has a low-calorie content, which may make it a suitable fruit for obese people who can include it in their regular diet13. Thus, it may help to manage weight.You must consult your nutritionist for best advice on weight loss.
The three main powerful antioxidant vitamins present in papaya are vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E.
Papaya might be a good source of dietary fibre, which may help to lower the high cholesterol levels in the body13. However, people should seek the advice of an Ayurvedic doctor before using it to manage the cholesterol in the body.
Papaya has different names, such as Erandakarkati in Sanskrit, Omakai in Malayalam, Pharangi in Kannada, and Pappali in Tamil. The international names include Tree Mellon, Mamao, and pawpaw.
Other components, including seeds, leaves, roots, flowers, and stem bark, may also be utilized since they have potential applications for managing a variety of human ailments.
However, before utilizing any of the plant’s sections as a herb, we advise that you first consult your doctor.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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Water apple is a small, bell-shaped juicy fruit. It is glossy and pink to red in appearance with a sweet, low acidic taste and has white flesh with a rose-scented aroma. The luscious water apple is scientifically known as Syzygium aqueum and belongs to the botanical family Myrtaceae. The water apple plant is native to Indonesia and Malaysia and grows in all tropical regions of Africa and Southern Asia, including India and Thailand1,2.
Water apples are considered fruit crops. They were used in traditional and folk medicine systems due to their vast amount of essential nutrients. The common names of water apples are rose apple, Malabar plum, and plum rose1,2.
So, readers come along with us to know more about this deliciously juicy fruit.
The water apple contains essential nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, fibre, carbohydrates and proteins. The water apple is a low caloric fruit due to its low fat and calorie content and high water content, which is approximately 90%1. The nutritional value of water apple is as follows:
The water apple contains various bioactive compounds that may show multiple biological properties that may benefit human health1. Water apples might have the following properties:
In my view, eating water apples may have some incredible benefits for your skin. They are loaded with antioxidants that might help fight off those unwanted signs of ageing, like wrinkles. So, next time you’re craving a snack, reach for a water apple and give your taste buds along with your skin a little extra love4.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
The water apple plant may have various medicinal properties. Traditionally various parts of the plant, including water apple fruit, were used for potential value4.
Some of the potential uses of water apple are described as follows:
Water apple may have beneficial properties associated with constipation. The water apple contains a good amount of dietary fibre, which may support the digestive system. It may help in the waste materials movement. These properties of water apple may be helpful to those who are facing irregular stools or constipation issues. This might help in the overall support to maintain a healthy weight4. There is a need for further research to say that the water apples might benefit constipation.
Water apple may be valuable against heart diseases due to its antioxidant activity. The bioactive antioxidant such as vitamin C present in the fruit may fight the free oxygen radicals. These free oxygen species are formed in the body during the food breaking down processes or when the body is exposed to certain radiations or while smoking. Vitamin C may help in reducing oxidative damage and thus may enhance the smooth functioning of the heart. It might also lower the chances of stroke and inflammation4.
The studies are insufficient, and further studies are required to support the potential use of water apple to overcome a stroke in humans.
The potential anti-diabetic properties of water apple may be valuable for patients who have diabetes. A review4 of scientific literature by Sridevi R et al.have stated that using water apple might lower blood glucose levels by enhancing the activities of specific carbohydrate metabolising enzymes. Other than the fruit of this plant, the studies have shown the positive effects of the leaf extract in lowering blood glucose levels due to the presence of specific bioactive compounds.
There is a need for more studies to establish the potential positive effect of water apple on diabetes.
Water apples are composed of 90% of water. During the hot and the humid summers, water apple is an excellent choice of fruit which might help fulfil the feeling of thirst. It may also be effective in dealing with sunstroke. It might help remove the bad effect of dehydration by providing its usefulness in driving off the summer heat2.
More research is needed to develop the effect of water apple on human health. People should always consult a doctor before taking any herbal supplements. We advise you to not replace or discontinue any ongoing medications with any Ayurvedic preparation without consulting a doctor.
Though there are studies that show the benefits of water apples in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of water apples on human health.
In the light of what I’ve observed, water apples might help protect against various health conditions. This property may be attributed to it being loaded with polyphenols. These incredible compounds are found in abundance throughout the different parts of the plant and may offer numerous nutritional advantages. But that’s not all—polyphenols might also play a vital role in managing chronic diseases5.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Water apple is a colourful luscious fruit with a delicious sweet taste and rose-like aroma1. The uses of water apple are given as follows:
You should consult a professional doctor before taking herbal supplements. Do not replace or discontinue your ongoing medications with Ayurvedic or herbal preparations without consulting a qualified physician.
Also Read: Ice Apple: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
No major study reports the side effects of water apples. Hence, more studies are required to confirm the side effects of water apple on human health.
However, if any harmful effects or discomfort are observed after having water apples, please get in touch with your Ayurvedic physician, who advised you to have the herb. They will provide the appropriate treatment to overcome the side effects.
Also Read: Jackfruit Seed: Uses, Benefits and Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh
Water apples might be safe when taken in a moderate dose. However, general precautions have to be followed.
Also Read: Mangosteen: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
There is not enough documented scientific evidence to indicate the interactions of water apple with other drugs. However, people should not assume that there are no interactions at all. Therefore, it is better to follow the advice of your Ayurvedic doctor. They will prescribe you the best way to have it.
Water apple vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3 and vitamin C2,3.
Water apple is called by various vernacular names such as Bellfruit and Watery rose-apple in English, Gulaabijiamikaayalu in Telugu, Jambu and Panneer naval in Tamil, Jambakka in Malayalam, Vattenapple in Swedish, Asserjambuse in German, Tambis in Spanish, Jambu in Malay and Jambo in French4.
Water apple contains a high amount of vitamin C. It may play an important role in free radical scavenging. It may boost immunity which might be beneficial to counteract cold. It might also enhance white blood cell production. However, insufficient studies on humans make it hard to tell the beneficial effects of water apple on humans4.
Water apples might be beneficial in constipation and other diseases. They may have effective detoxification properties for removing toxins from the body. And also might be helpful in dehydration due to its high water content. However, there are insufficient studies on humans to confirm its medicinal uses2,4.
There is not enough scientific information regarding the side effects of water apple during pregnancy. Therefore, it is better to avoid it or take advice from a doctor.
1. Yassir M, Bakrim W, Mahmoud M, Drissi B, Kouisni L, Sobeh M. Watery Rose Apple: A Comprehensive Review of Its Traditional Uses, Nutritional Value, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Merits against inflammation-related disorders. Hindawi. 2022 May 27;2022(7502185):1–17. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2022/7502185
2. Santhi Sirisha K, Shreeja K. Rose apple: A systematic review. The Pharma Innov J. 2019 Jun 27;8(7):673–676. Available from: https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2019/vol8issue7/PartL/8-7-104-823.pdf
3. United States Department of Agriculture [Internet]. Rose apples, raw; 2019 Apr 1.[cited 2022 Jun 20]. Available from: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/168171/nutrients
4. Sridevi R, Monisha P, Shabna E, Subhashri S. Phytochemistry And Pharmacology Of Syzygium Aqueum: A Critical Review. Euro J of Bio and Pharm Sci. 2018 May 15;5(6):271–276. Available from: https://www.ejbps.com/ejbps/abstract_id/4564
5. Yassir M, Bakrim WB, Mahmoud MF, Drissi B, Kouisni L, Sobeh M. Watery Rose Apple: A Comprehensive Review of Its Traditional Uses, Nutritional Value, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Merits against Inflammation-Related Disorders. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 May 29;2022:7502185. doi: 10.1155/2022/7502185. Retraction in: Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2024 Jan 9;2024:9834349. doi: 10.1155/2024/9834349. PMID: 35677104; PMCID: PMC9168099. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9168099/
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Eyebrows are like the crowns of our eyes. They are not accessories; they play an important role in preventing sweat from trickling down into our eyes. In addition, they also protect the bony ridges above the eyes and play a crucial part in facial expressions. The hair of eyebrows is usually narrower than scalp hair in Asians, while in Caucasians, the scalp hair is thinner1. Even though we are grateful to our eyebrows for all they do for us and appreciate the way they are, sometimes we might wonder how to get thick eyebrows? Do you also wonder how to grow eyebrows thicker? If yes, then read along and find out.
You might want to know how to grow thick eyebrows because you have thin eyebrows naturally, have over-plucked them, or you’re experiencing a loss of eyebrow hair. The term used for loss of eyebrows is madarosis. The definition of the madarosis was widened to include the loss of eyebrows, too; initially, it was used to describe the loss of eyelashes only. Madarosis can be a sign of many medical conditions. The following causes can lead to madarosis (loss of eyebrows).
As mentioned above, the thinning of eyebrows can be a symptom of various underlying medical conditions, or you could also have thin eyebrows naturally. You might notice a generally decreased thickness of eyebrow hair or increased loss of eyebrow hair; it is especially noticeable in the lateral (away from the middle) part of the eyebrow1. In addition, it might be associated with other symptoms in the body like loss of scalp hair, rashes or dryness of the skin, etc.; together, they can indicate certain conditions. Therefore, you should note other symptoms and inform your doctor about them to help in the diagnosis of the condition, if any.
If you wonder how to get thick eyebrows, here are a few home remedies for thick eyebrows that you can try. These are natural methods that might help you grow thicker and fuller eyebrows. Try them out and see what suits you best.
Coconut oil may help hair grow and remain healthy. It is also good for the re-growth of hair. It might be one of the best natural nutrients for hair. It may be used as one of the home remedies for thick eyebrows2. You can take a tiny amount of coconut oil and massage it in a circular pattern in the areas of your eyebrows. Doing this at night, keeping the oil overnight, and then washing it the next morning may be good for growing thicker eyebrows.
Studies on animals have shown that applying olive oil can stimulate hair growth. Therefore, it shows that olive oil is a potential hair growth agent3. Moreover, it is valuable for thick and bushy eyebrows. You can take a cotton swab and dip it in olive oil. Using this swab, massage your eyebrow region thoroughly. Leaving it overnight may also be beneficial. You might be able to see a visible difference in your eyebrows if you follow this routine diligently.
In animal studies, it was found that peppermint oil promotes the growth of hair by improving blood circulation to the hair follicles. It has the potential to be used as a hair loss prevention agent and also a therapeutic agent4. There is a need for further human studies to prove its efficiency, yet it is being used as a home remedy for hair growth. You may use it as a remedy to obtain thick eyebrows by taking a few drops of peppermint oil in a cotton swab and gently massaging it in a circular motion on your eyebrows. Leaving it overnight and washing it the next day may show visible beneficial effects.
It was seen in a study that aloe vera helps hair growth and has hair and follicle strengthening effects5. It is used for multiple purposes due to its therapeutic effects. It is valuable for getting thicker eyebrows. You can take a fresh aloe vera leaf and cut it open to obtain the gel. Then, mix this gel with a small amount of coconut oil and apply it to your eyebrows until it gets absorbed. You can leave it for some time and then wash it off. Doing it regularly might help you grow fuller eyebrows.
Rosemary essential oil is valuable for promoting hair growth. When applied externally, rosemary might stimulate the hair follicles, thus helping hair growth6. It is good for obtaining dense eyebrows. You can use this as one of the home remedies for thick eyebrows by mixing rosemary oil in coconut oil and applying it on your eyebrows at night, then washing it off the next day.
Animal studies showed that lavender oil promotes hair growth7. There is a need for more studies on humans to ensure its effects of lavender oil on humans. However, lavender oil is valuable as a home remedy for thick eyebrows. You may use lavender oil to help grow thicker and darker eyebrows by taking a few drops of lavender oil and massaging it gently onto your eyebrows, then leaving it overnight. Wash it the next morning. Using this remedy consistently might help your eyebrow hair grow.
Onion promotes hair growth. It contains many minerals (mainly iron) which help hair grow by providing oxygen to the follicles6. As a remedy for obtaining thicker eyebrows, you can mix the juice of onion with honey and apply it over the eyebrow area. Using this method may prove to be beneficial for growing thick, dense and bushy eyebrows.
It was found in an animal study that unripe banana has hair growth-promoting activity8. Though there is a need for further human studies, it is good for growing thicker and fuller eyebrows. You can take an unripe banana, peel it, and mash the banana. Mix honey to this and apply it to your eyebrow area. Leave it on for a while, and then rinse it off with cool water. You might find this remedy useful for gaining thicker eyebrows by using it regularly.
Though there are studies that show the benefits of the given herbs and home remedies for getting thick eyebrows, these are insufficient. There is a need for large-scale human studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of these home remedies on human health. Thus, these should only be taken with caution and never as a substitute for medical treatment.
Also Read: Simple Home Remedies For Puffy Eyes
You should seek medical help if you notice the following symptoms as it could indicate a more severe problem:
You must not rely on home remedies alone for thick eyebrows and should consult a qualified doctor for any advice if the symptoms do not improve with home remedies.
Also Read: Effective Home Remedies for Silky Hair
Looking at many others, you might want thicker and bushier eyebrows. However, your eyebrows might not grow exactly as you want them to, leaving you wondering how to make your eyebrows thicker? You might notice a decreased thickness, thinning or loss of eyebrow hair. This might be due to a few conditions like alopecia areata, hormonal disturbances, etc., or you might have naturally thin eyebrows. Nonetheless, there are a few home remedies for thick eyebrows for you to try, such as onion, lavender oil, coconut oil, etc. However, thin eyebrows or loss of eyebrows can be a sign of a medical condition, so you should consult a dermatologist (hair and skin doctor) if you see scales on your skin, notice thinning of scalp hair and have eye problems.
Also Read: Effective Home Remedies For Red Eyes
You can try to make eyebrows thicker by trying out a few home remedies like coconut oil, olive oil, rosemary oil, onion, aloe vera, etc2,8. They are natural and might help you grow thick eyebrows.
No, there are no reports of thickening of eyebrows on the daily application of eyeliner. However, you can try a few home remedies for thick eyebrows like aloe vera, lavender oil, coconut oil, etc2,8.
Thinning of eyebrows is known as madarosis. It can occur in various diseases like hypothyroidism, Graham-little syndrome, Alopecia, blepharitis, etc1. You should consult a doctor to get it checked out if you notice any other symptoms along with it.
Studies have shown that an unripe banana is good for hair growth8. You can take a peeled unripe banana, make a paste of it, mix honey and apply it to your eyebrows. Leave it for some time, then rinse it. It may help you get fuller eyebrows.
There is no evidence of chalk being beneficial for making eyebrows thicker.
1. Kumar A, Karthikeyan K. Madarosis: A marker of many Maladies. Int J Trichology [Internet]. 2012;4(1):3–18. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3358936/
2. Sursinh Vala G, Vala GS, Kapadiya PK. Medicinal Benefits of Coconut Oil (A Review paper). Print) Int J Life Sci Res [Internet]. 2014;2:124–6. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280574942
3. Tong T, Kim N, Park T. Topical application of oleuropein induces anagen hair growth in telogen mouse skin. PLoS One [Internet]. 2015;10(6):1–17. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4462586/
4. Oh JY, Park MA, Kim YC. Peppermint oil promotes hair growth without toxic signs. Toxicol Res [Internet]. 2014;30(4):297–304. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4289931/
5. Noreen S. A Close Look at Aloe Vera Barbadensis and It ‘ s Effect on Hair Health. 2020;(July). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342588964_A_Close_Look_at_Aloe_Vera_Barbadensis_and_It%27s_Effect_on_Hair_Health
6. Patel S, Sharma V, Chauhan N, Thakur M, Dixit VK. Hair Growth: Focus on Herbal Therapeutic Agent. Curr Drug Discov Technol [Internet]. 2015 Aug 4 [cited 2022 Mar 29];12(1):21–42. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26058803/
7. Lee BH, Lee JS, Kim YC. Hair Growth-Promoting Effects of Lavender Oil in C57BL/6 Mice. Toxicol Res [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2022 Mar 29];32(2):103. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4843973/
8. Savali A, Chitapurkar H, Bhinge S. Evaluation of hair growth promoting activity of Musa paradisiaca unripe fruit extract. J Nat Pharm [Internet]. 2011;2(3):120. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272895983_Evaluation_of_hair_growth_promoting_activity_of_Musa_paradisiaca_unripe_fruit_extract
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Turmeric (Curcuma longa) belongs to the family Zingiberaceae and might be one of the most valuable herbal medicinal plants1. Turmeric is also referred to as Indian saffron due to its brilliant yellow colour2. Turmeric contains a yellow pigment called curcumin or diferuloylmethane, which is the principal ingredient responsible for its properties1,3.
Turmeric is distributed throughout subtropical and tropical regions of the world. It is extensively cultivated in Asian countries, especially in China and India. It grows up to a height of one meter and has a short stem1.
There are more than 100 components present in turmeric. The major component present in the root is a volatile oil consisting of turmerone. Other colouring agents like curcuminoids are also present in turmeric. Curcuminoids contain curcumin demethoxycurcumin, dihydrocurcumin, and 5′- methoxycurcumin, which are natural antioxidants. Turmerone, arturmerone, and zingiberene are the components responsible for the aroma of turmeric. Turmeric also contains a great amount of ω-3 fatty acid and α-linolenic acid (2.5%)2. In 100 grams of turmeric, the nutrients found are4:
Turmeric might possess properties like:
As a doctor, I often come across patients who inquire about natural remedies for managing arthritis. One popular option that has gained attention is turmeric. It’s interesting how turmeric, a spice commonly found in our kitchens, may be loaded with potential benefits for arthritis and other conditions9.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Turmeric (Haldi) might exhibit cardioprotective (heart-protective) effects mainly due to its potential antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiplatelet, and cholesterol-lowering activities. Turmeric’s cholesterol-lowering effect might be attributed to reduced cholesterol intake by the intestines and enhanced cholesterol conversion to bile acids in the liver1. However, heart diseases are to be treated by a specialist. Kindly consult a doctor for heart conditions.
Constituents of turmeric might have positive effects on the gastrointestinal system. According to a study5, the intestinal spasm may be inhibited by sodium curcuminate, a constituent of turmeric. Another component of turmeric called p-tolymethylcarbinol might enhance secretin, bicarbonate, gastrin, and pancreatic enzyme secretion. As per an animal study, turmeric might be helpful against the formation of ulcers that might be induced by factors like stress, alcohol, indomethacin (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug), reserpine and pyloric ligation (a condition that leads to gastric acid accumulation in the stomach) by increasing gastric wall mucous in animals when exposed to these gastrointestinal insults.
Turmeric might stimulate bile secretion, hence potentially helping improve the body’s ability to digest fats. This might aid in better digestion and may also help in the elimination of toxins from the liver5. However, more research is required to prove such claims.
Turmeric might be helpful against tooth decay and is used in the preparation of toothpaste due to its potential antibiotic, astringent (causing the contraction of cells to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions) and anti-inflammatory activities. It might help against bacteria responsible for the development of cavities and may also help tone the gums5. However, more research is required. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor and do not self-medicate.
A cataract is an eye disease caused by the oxidation of the lens in your eyes. The internal consumption of turmeric might help reduce the oxidation of the lens. Hence, it may be helpful in cataracts. It may also be helpful in relieving eye pain5. However, do not self-medicate and kindly consult a doctor for problems related to the eye.
Turmeric might be effective in arresting nosebleeds, clearing the sinuses, and restoring a quicker sense of smell. Turmeric may also help with cough, sinusitis, and dyspnoea (difficulty in breathing)5. However, these effects need to be ascertained by further research.
A variety of bacteria, disease-causing fungi, and parasites might be inhibited by turmeric extract and the essential oil of Curcuma longa. The aqueous extract of turmeric might exhibit antibacterial effects. The growth of several bacteria like staphylococcus, lactobacillus, and streptococcus might be suppressed by curcumin. Ether and chloroform extracts of turmeric exhibit antifungal potential. Turmeric might also possess antiviral properties. All these properties of turmeric may help fight against infection-causing microbes5.
Detoxification is the process of elimination of toxic substances from the body. The active constituent of turmeric, curcumin, might bind with heavy metals like lead and cadmium and decrease the toxicity of these metals. Turmeric may also be effective in dealing with poisoning and the purification of blood5. However, these effects need to be further researched. Kindly do not self-medicate. Consult a doctor.
Turmeric might help purify and nourish the blood which may lead to healthy and glowing skin. It might be effective for skin diseases like acne, eczema, etc. due to its antiseptic and antibacterial properties. It may also help against premature ageing. Turmeric is also a constituent of sunscreens and cosmetics5. However, its effects on skin need to be further researched.
Curcumin might be a powerful scavenger of oxygen-free radicals. The antioxidant property of curcumin is comparable to that of vitamin E, and C. Curcumin may significantly inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species. The derivatives of curcumin, such as bisdemethoxycurcumin and demethoxycurcumin, also contain antioxidant properties. Pre-treatment with curcumin might help reduce oxidative stress caused due to ischaemia (a condition in which is there is restricted blood flow in a particular body part)1.
Though there are studies that show the potential use of turmeric in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need of further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of turmeric on human health.
I find it is very fascinating how a natural ingredient like curcumin might potentially support cognitive function. In a recent clinical trial, researchers discovered that taking 90 milligrams of curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, twice a day for 18 months had a positive impact on memory performance in adults who didn’t have dementia6.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Turmeric can be taken as a supplement or utilized as a spice. Turmeric can be incorporated into your diet by adding it to various foods like:
Turmeric is available in different forms like:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Let me share a gripping discovery. A study6 found that curcumin, the active compound in turmeric, might be effective in reducing symptoms of depression. It’s also believed that curcumin may help increase the levels of serotonin and dopamine in the brain, which are important chemicals involved in regulating mood. Isn’t it stunning how natural ingredients might potentially have such powerful effects on our mental well-being?
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Turmeric has been established safe for use. However, despite this safety record, there have been some side effects. When taken in excess, the following side effects have been reported:
Alkaline phosphatase is an important enzyme that is associated with the presence of liver, bone and other diseases. Lactate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that is indicative of any tissue damage or disease8.
I would like to suggest considering turmeric as a potential natural remedy for muscle soreness after exercise. The active compound in turmeric, curcumin, may possess anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce post-exercise muscle inflammation and soreness. While more research is needed to fully understand its effects, incorporating turmeric into your routine might be worth trying10.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Also Read: Cabbage (Patta Gobi): Uses, Benefits, Side effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh
The right dose of turmeric for you depends on your overall health. It is essential to talk to your physician before taking turmeric. Although the risk of side effects and drug interactions are unlikely, it is recommended that you stop consuming turmeric if you experience any ill effects.
Turmeric might cause bloating, and it is also advisable to avoid turmeric if you have gallbladder disease6.
Also Read: Reetha: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!
Turmeric might interact with blood-clotting medications. Hence, it is important to consult your doctor before consuming turmeric with these medications6.
Also Read: Urad Dal: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and more!
Turmeric (Haldi) is a spice that is obtained from the root of the Curcuma longa plant that is a part of the ginger family. The primary active constituent of turmeric is curcumin. Turmeric might have many health benefits6.
Turmeric is known by different names like turmeric root, Indian saffron, Curcuma longa, Curcuma aromatica and more9.
Turmeric might help enhance memory in adults without dementia (loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities). Curcumin might also help against Alzheimer’s disease6. However, such effects need to be proved by more research.
Turmeric might not be safe for use during pregnancy when taken in excess amounts. Hence, you must consult your doctor before taking turmeric during pregnancy9.
Turmeric might have haemostatic property (ability to arrest bleeding) and a great healing property due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. According to animal studies5, turmeric exhibited a potential healing effect on septic and aseptic wounds in animal models. However, more research is required to prove such claims.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Ajwain (Carum copticum), also called bishop’s weed, is a herb that is used as a spice and a major ingredient in different types of medicines. It is thought to have originated in Egypt and the eastern Mediterranean region. Ajwain is extensively cultivated in black soil, especially along the riverbanks in Egypt and several other countries like Iran, Afghanistan, and India. The seeds are small yet have a hot, pungent, and bitter taste. Ajwain functions as a stomachic (helping promote appetite or helping in digestion) and laxative, and is used as an appetiser. It may be helpful for conditions like piles, abdominal tumours, abdominal pain, vomiting, mouth diseases, etc1.
The major constituent of ajwain is an essential oil called thymol, which constitutes about 35-60%. The seed also contains compounds like β-pinene, para-cymene, α-pinene, limonene, and γ- and β-terpinenes3. Ajwain seeds also comprise protein, fat, fibre, minerals, calcium, iron, phosphorus, carotene, riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, and carbohydrates. In 100 grams of ajwain, the nutrients found are1,2:
Ajwain is known to have many properties like3:
Ajwain may help reduce irregular intestinal and stomach pain in both adults and children. Taking ajwain with common salt and warm water may relieve colicky pain (sharp intestinal pain) caused by gas, indigestion, or intestinal infections. It can also be taken with buttermilk to ease digestion-related issues1. Consult your doctor before taking it for any condition.
A mixture of ajwain and ginger may be prescribed by your doctor in cases of chronic bronchitis and asthma. This mixture might help expel mucus and may improve the symptoms of chronic bronchitis and asthma. It may also be helpful for chronic colds and coughs. Consuming warm water after chewing ajwain might help reduce a cough. Chewing betel leaf with ajwain might help with a dry cough1. It is, however, essential to consult your doctor before taking it for these conditions.
Ajwain seeds may be helpful for diabetes4. Powdered neem leaves can be taken with warm milk along with powdered ajwain and cumin seeds. This combination might help reduce blood sugar levels. However, it’s essential to consult your doctor before taking this. Moreover, a condition like diabetes must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.
Smelling ajwain seeds wrapped in a tissue may help in dealing with migraines3. Ajwain seeds can also be burned, and the fumes inhaled, to address other head-related issues1. However, such effects need to be proved by further research. Moreover, it is essential to consult a doctor before using ajwain for any apparent health benefits.
Ajwain seed oil may be helpful for pain related to arthritis3. This oil can be used regularly for massage on the affected joints to alleviate pain in rheumatic arthritis1. Kindly consult a doctor before using it.
Consuming ajwain seeds might be a natural way to help deal with diarrhoea or dysentery5. A handful of ajwain seeds can be boiled and added to a glass of water. This mixture can be cooled and consumed to help with diarrhoea. However, such effects need to be ascertained by further research.
Ajwain seeds might also be used as an insecticide6. Moreover, they may also be used for poisonous insect bites.
Although studies showing the potential uses of ajwain in various conditions are limited, there is a need for further research to establish the true extent of ajwain’s benefits on human health.
Also Read: Black Chana: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh
Ajwain seeds might be used as it is or they can be used in powder form. Your ayurvedic doctor will prescribe you the correct form and dosage for use for your condition. Kindly refer to your doctor for advice
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Also Read: Black Salt: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!
When consumed in moderation, ajwain seeds do not produce any harmful side effects. However, in people suffering from conditions like diverticulitis (pain and inflammation in small, bulging pouches that can form in the lining of the digestive tract), ulcerative colitis (inflammatory bowel disease), and liver diseases, excess intake of ajwain might lead to some side effects.
It is important to keep these points in mind when using ajwain seeds:
Also Read: Brahmi: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and more!
Ajwain might interact with unknown medicines. Therefore, you should consult a doctor before using ajwain for its potential health benefits.
The common names of ajwain include ajwain, jevain, oma, omam, yom, omu, vamu, yamini, oman, jain, yaminiki, yavan, and more9.
Ajwain seeds might be helpful for tooth pain. Using clove oil, ajwain oil, and water might help to deal with toothache, tooth decay, and bad mouth odour. It may help maintain oral hygiene. However, please consult a dentist for dental problems and do not self-medicate.
A paste can be prepared from ajwain seeds and may be applied on any affected part of the face or body to help with itching, boils, and eczema (a condition in which patches of skin become inflamed, itchy, cracked, and rough). In case of acne, powdered ajwain seeds might be taken with yoghurt and applied to the face. This remedy may help manage acne scars. However, more research is required to prove these effects.
Consuming buttermilk with ajwain seeds and rock salt might help reduce the bleeding in piles9. However, please consult a doctor before using such a remedy.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a small tree native to tropical and mildly temperate regions of the world that belongs to the Oleaceae family. The tree, famous for the olive, is commercially important in the Mediterranean region as a primary supplier of olive oil1.
The olive tree has long been used for possible medical and nutritional purposes. Olive leaf extracts might have been used to promote health. The high content of fatty acids and functional bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, carotenoids, phospholipids, and phenolics with diverse biological activities are primarily responsible for olive oil’s potential health benefits. These components also contribute to the distinct flavour and taste of olive oil. Similarly, they have been revered as a well-known folk remedy for fever and some tropical disorders such as malaria. Due to their bitterness, olives are rarely utilised in their natural form; nevertheless, they are ingested in one of two forms: oil or table olives1.
The olive oil is obtained from olives (the fruits of Olea europaea L. tree). It is a chief constituent of the Mediterranean diet and is currently gaining popularity as a component of a healthy diet among consumers in northern Europe, the USA, Canada, and other nations. Olive oil is produced almost entirely in Spain, Italy, Greece, Tunisia, Turkey, Morocco, and Portugal2.
Virgin olive oil is produced by mechanical procedures. Ordinary virgin olive oil, fine virgin olive oil, and extra virgin olive oil are the three edible grades of virgin olive oil2. Extra virgin olive oil comprises two chemical compounds: triglycerides (97 to 99 %) and minor components (1 to 3 %)3.
Did you know?
The nutritional content of 100 g of olive oil is4:
Various properties of olive oil are listed below.
Oleuropein, a phytoconstituent in olive, has antibacterial properties against bacteria, including mycoplasma. Furthermore, the phenolic chemicals in olive oil might degrade bacterial membranes, hence showing antibacterial actions. Several authors also claim that oleuropein might act against toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus and might have an antiviral effect against herpes and hepatitis viruses. Oleuropein might also have an antiviral impact against the parainfluenza virus. Furthermore, the potential antiviral activity of olive leaf extract against the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been proposed3.
The polyphenolic content of olive extract may be linked to a notable antibacterial action. Malaria infections may have been curbed with oral dosages of olive leaves. Studies have proven polyphenols may inhibit the development and reproduction of Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Olive oil has been demonstrated to have potential antibacterial properties for intestinal and respiratory infections5. However, its use needs to be confirmed by further research.
Olive oil has long been the main ingredient of the Mediterranean diet. Oleic acid and polyphenols have been shown to protect the liver in various animal studies and cell culture studies. These olive oil components have also been demonstrated to be helpful for different hepatic diseases, such as liver ballooning (increased liver size) and liver steatosis (fat accumulation in the liver), and might aid against drug-induced liver damage5.
Through the potential antioxidant effect of its polyphenolic contents, extra virgin olive oil might decrease inflammation, may reduce the risk of liver damage, and might slow the advancement of steatohepatitis (fat deposition in the liver). Researchers found that consuming extra virgin olive oil might reduce liver tissue damage in animal models. Furthermore, the combined therapy of olive oil and camel milk in animal models demonstrated possible liver protective effects in drug-induced liver toxicity due to their potent antioxidant action5. However, liver diseases can be serious and need proper diagnosis and treatment by a professional.
Olive oil’s phenolic antioxidants might help against the damaging effects of free radicals and the consequent alterations in cellular structures. Scientists investigated the impact of olive oil on colon cancer. Their findings suggested that the presence of antioxidants, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids in olive oil might play an essential role in lowering the risk of colon cancer3.
Studies have investigated the effect of hydroxytyrosol (antioxidant present in virgin olive oil) on cancer cell growth, apoptosis (cell death), and cell cycle. The findings support that hydroxytyrosol might help against cancer and may help trigger cancer cell death and stop the cell cycle. Olive oil contains vitamin E, which might protect the skin from the sun. As a result, it might help against premature ageing and skin cancer3. However, cancer is a serious disease and must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.
Studies8 say that extra virgin olive oil may help people living with rheumatoid arthritis. Extra virgin olive oil is known to be beneficial due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The long-term, progressive, multi-step, and complicated process of rheumatoid arthritis causes inflammation in a number of joints, causing severe swelling and stiffness in the joints as well as bone and cartilage degradation and joint degeneration and the use of this oil may help ease the inflammation and stiffness.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
As dietary virgin olive oil and olive leaf extract might help protect kidneys from damage in animal models, it is well known that virgin olive oil is helpful against the progression of kidney damage generated by various chemical agents. It was found that a combination of olive oil and naringenin containing drugs might curb kidney damage in rats by potentially increasing renal function and lowering serum urea and creatinine concentrations5.
Another study5 found that extra virgin olive oil might help reduce the chances of kidney damage in drug-exposed animal models while also improving the antioxidant and health status of the animals. Furthermore, the administration of extra virgin olive oil significantly lowered inflammatory markers, uric acid, creatinine, and urea levels in the serum of an animal model. According to studies, the control of kidney damage by olive oil consumption was due to its phenolic components, which acted as potent lipid peroxidation inhibitors.
Olive oil can act as a barrier between open wounds and the surroundings. Furthermore, olive oil might speed up wound healing by sterilising the wound surface and helping fight against infections3. However, the effects of olive oil need more scientific backup in the form of research.
Olive oil might have the following actions like increasing high-density lipoprotein, decreasing low-density lipoprotein, reducing cholesterol and triglycerides, and decreasing cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio3.
Nearly two-thirds of people with diabetes die as a result of heart disease. One of the significant risk factors for heart disease in diabetics is increased blood glucose and lipids levels. According to scientists, replacing solid vegetable oil with olive oil in the diet of diabetic patients might be more efficient than sunflower oil against heart diseases due to the favourable effect of olive oil on blood glucose and lipid parameters3. Their use for this purposes is not yet confirmed. Moreover, you should always consult a doctor for serious conditions such as heart diseases.
Olive oil constituents like fatty acid and polyphenols may be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, and some penetrate specific brain areas. Polyphenols and vitamin E have considerable antioxidant effects on accumulated free radicals in the brain, neutralising them in the case of ischaemia (inadequate blood supply to an organ or tissue)3.
Ischaemia, hypoxia (low oxygen level), and free radicals can harm the brain. Consumption of olive oil following ischaemia can reduce brain cell death and protect the brain from toxic substances. According to the findings of one study, pre-treatment with virgin olive oil resulted in reduced levels of cell death and, as a result, lower levels of stroke in the studied animal model. This was most likely due to changes in the brain lipid composition3.
Olive oil might have a favorable effect on Parkinson’s disease (brain disorder) because the polyphenols in olive oil which can affect a cellular mechanism involved in the disease’s development and progression. According to laboratory experiments, oleuropein (a component of olive oil) might have the potential to diminish cell damage, apoptosis (cell death), and oxidative stress, suggesting the brain-protective effect of oleuropein5.
A protective effect of extra virgin olive oil’s polyphenols against ulcerative colitis (inflammatory bowel disease) progression has been studied. The extract of olive oil polyphenols was able to inhibit the production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide triggered by oxysterols (a by-product of cholesterol synthesis) and preserve cellular antioxidant levels in the intestines. Furthermore, olive oil’s phenols may have blocked the key inflammatory processes driven by oxysterols6. However, more research is required to prove these claims and potential benefits of olive oil for human health.
Though there are studies that show the potential uses of olive oil in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need of further studies to establish the true extent of benefits of olive oil on human health.
From my knowledge, the components of extra virgin olive oil may help preserve the neurological system and may be helpful against sadness and anxiety, according to a 2013 research done on mice. Researchers recently discovered that people who ingested trans-fats, an unhealthy lipid prevalent in fast food and pre-packaged baked products, were more likely to experience sadness than persons who consumed unsaturated fats like olive oil9.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Olive oil can be used as:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Also Read: Castor Oil – Uses, Benefits, Precautions & More!
There are no major side effects of olive oil reported by far. If you experience any side effects, seek immediate medical help from your doctor who has prescribed it to you. They will be the best guide for providing proper treatment to overcome side effects.
Also Read: Avocado Oil vs Olive Oil: Health Benefits, Nutrition, and Best Uses
The safety studies of olive oil on pregnant and breastfeeding women have not been documented. Likewise, there is no information available on the safety studies of olive oil in children. Therefore, it should only be taken under the supervision and advice of a physician.
Also Read: 6 Simple Health Benefits of Essential Oils!
There is not much information available on how olive oil interacts with other medications. Hence, patients should consult a doctor before taking olive oil if they take any other drug or supplement.
Also Read: Sunflower Oil: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh
It is an oil obtained from the Olea europaea L. tree fruits2.
Olive oil might be good for hair. According to a study6, the carotenoids in olive oil helps in treating the internal region (cortex) of the hair fibre, hence it might help strengthen hair. However, concrete evidence is needed in the form of more research.
Olive oil might be good for the face. The concomitant use of other oils such as buckthorn oil with olive oil might have positive effects on the skin7.
Olive oil might have positive effects on health. The high content of fatty acids and functional bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, carotenoids, phospholipids, and phenolics with diverse biological activities are primarily responsible for olive oil’s potential health benefits. However, more research is required to ascertain these claims.
Olive oil is of various types: virgin olive oil (edible), extra virgin olive oil (edible), refined olive oil (edible), olive-pomace oils (non-edible) and lampante olive oil (non-edible)4.
It is a principal constituent of the Mediterranean diet2. Apart from its nutritional value, it might have potential use for its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-tumour, anti-platelet aggregation, blood pressure-lowering, immunity enhancing, anti-allergic, hypolipidemic, wound healing, kidney-protective, heart-protective, liver-protective and brain-protective activities. However, more research is required to prove these possible effects of olive oil on human health.
Olive oil is used for cooking. It is commonly used in food preparations such as salad oil, cooking oil, frying and pasta sauces1.
Yes, extra virgin olive oil is used for cooking. Extra virgin olive oil, fine virgin olive oil, and ordinary virgin olive oil are the three edible grades of virgin olive oil2.
Olive oil might help lower blood cholesterol levels. Consuming olive oil might lead to a reduction in cholesterol levels3. However, more research is required to prove these effects.
Yes, olive oil might be helpful for ulcerative colitis. The polyphenols of the extract of olive oil might inhibit the production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide and might preserve cellular antioxidant levels in the intestine6. However, more research is needed to ascertain such claims.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Onion is the most regularly used ingredient in Indian cooking and one of the most widely farmed and consumed vegetables worldwide1. Allium cepa (commonly known as onion) is a perennial (plant that lives for several years) herb with an underground bulb and a stem. Onions are members of the Liliaceae family. Most commercially grown onions are produced from the plant’s thin, black seeds. Because of their flavour and nutritional benefits, onions are highly valued and stored as pickles2. Onion is known by many other names, including basal, basl, cebolla, cebolla morada, cepa bulb, cepolla, cipolla, cuhanh, Spanish onion, tamanegi, Madras oignon, oignon, red globe onion, Zwiebel, yellow Bermuda onion, piyaj, piyaz, ralu lunu, sibuyas, loyon, and others3.
Onion grows in both warm and cold climates, in various soil types ranging from dry to moist and mineral-based soils, and is geographically widespread in South West Asia. Shoots, seeds, and bulbs are used to make medicine3.
Onions are the world’s oldest cultivated vegetable. The colour of red onions is mainly attributable to anthocyanins found in the cells of the bulb’s scale leaves. The onion is a multi-use vegetable that is eaten fresh as a salad or used in a variety of processed items. Onions might have various potential health uses in humans4.
The nutritional content of onion (per 100 g wet weight) is given below:
Onion (Pyaaz) bulbs and leaves contain a large number of phytoconstituents such as cyaniding glycosides, prostaglandins, quercetin, sterols, phenol compounds, catechol, protocatechuic acid (in the dried brown outer scale), and diosgenin (in the blossoms and bulbs). Onion oil has a higher concentration of mono, di, tri, tetra-sulphides, thiophene, and thiol compounds. Selenium, quercetin, flavanols, cysteine sulfoxides, flavonoids, allylsulfides, organosulfur compounds, thiosulfinates, cycloallin, fructose, sulphur and seleno compounds, sulfinates, xylose, galactose, glucose, and mannose are also found in onions3.
Various properties of onion are listed below.
Though we have tears in our eyes while cutting it in our kitchens, onion is highly nutritious. It is rich in various vitamins like vitamins B1, B6, C, K. It is also rich in biotin and folic acid and minerals like calcium, and flavonoids that act as antioxidants. Additionally, it is also a good source of sulphur which might be beneficial for liver health12.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
The potential antioxidant, cytotoxic (toxic to cells), and anti-inflammatory properties of onion peel extract are due to quercetin, which might aid in suppressing the production of reactive oxygen species and might help against oxidative cell damage1.
According to a study7, the potential antiproliferative action of onion peel extract on cancer cell lines (human colon cancer cell line, human osteosarcoma cell line) might be due to a synergistic effect of various bioactive compounds (phytochemicals and flavanols) present in the onion peel.
Another study7 found that onion peel extracts might have potential anticancer properties against breast cancer. Cancerous cells exhibit unregulated cell growth as well as abnormalities in apoptotic (cell death) processes. Red onion peel extract might lower cell proliferation and may improve cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cell lines apparently by suppressing a signalling system (which plays a critical role in cell cycle progression) in cancerous cells. But, all these claims need to be properly backed up by clear-cut evidence. Furthermore, serious conditions such as cancer must be properly diagnosed and treated by a qualified doctor. Kindly consult a doctor and do not self-medicate.
Many fungi, bacteria, and viruses have been reported to be affected by onion extracts. According to a study8, the essential oils of three onions (red, green, and yellow) have potential antibacterial activity against specific pathogens such as Salmonella enteritidis, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium cyclopium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus Niger. In studies, red onion extract has been demonstrated the potential to have more antibacterial capabilities than yellow and white onion extracts2.
One study9 found that P. aeruginosa associated with urinary tract infections might be inhibited by onion extract, implying its potentiality for urinary tract infections. Furthermore their essential oils might help limit the growth of dermatophyte fungi (pathogenic fungi that grow on skin, hair, and nails). Onion extract might help reduce the growth of fungi like Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus Niger as well. Therefore, onion might be effective against various fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Further studies are needed to establish this ability of onion extracts.
According to a recent animal study1, quercetin from onion peel extracts was found to have potential anti-obesity properties. Onion peel extract might help suppress fat accumulation and triglyceride content maybe by inhibiting adipogenesis. One clinical trial investigation on obese healthy women who were administered quercetin rich-onion peel extract capsules might prove to be beneficial for weight management. However, these studies are limited and require wider studies to prove their true impact. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor for healthy weight management methods.
Researchers1 have studied the brain-protective impact of onion husk extract. It might have a brain-protective effect by helping to raise the brain’s antioxidant levels. Onion solid waste extracts can certain enzymes which might be helpful for Alzheimer’s disease. This extract might also have a memory-enhancing effect which might be due to its antioxidant effect or due to the inhibition of certain enzymes and pathways.
Onion might also have an antidepressant potential. Various researchers have observed that the onion bulb might have anxiolytic, antidepressant, and memory-boosting capabilities. These activities need to be proved by more concrete research.
According to an animal study10, blood lipid and glucose levels reduced dramatically in animals treated with quercetin-rich onion peel extract. There was, however, no effect on cholesterol. Prothrombin time and platelet aggregation were reduced by downregulating several pathways, ultimately reducing thrombosis (blood clotting), indicating that onion peel extract has antithrombotic (prevention of clot formation) effects that might be attributed primarily to quercetin and its derivatives found in onion peel1.
Scientists have discovered that onion peel extract might have the potential to help with hypercholesterolemia (an excess of cholesterol in the bloodstream) in an animal model. Thus, onion peel extract supplementation led to lower blood levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which might ultimately be helpful for heart diseases1. Kindly consult a doctor for heart diseases. Do not self-medicate.
According to one study1, onion skin extracts might inhibit sucrase, α-glucosidase, maltase, and α-amylase enzymes. In an animal model, onion skin extracts significantly reduced blood glucose levels, implying that quercetin (phenolic phytochemicals) may have a sugar-lowering effect.
The administration of onion solid waste extracts may enhance insulin sensitivity and might reduce the oxidative stress in the liver and plasma-free fatty acids. Hence, the hypoglycemic (blood sugar lowering) effect of onion solid waste extracts might be due to lipid metabolism, reduced oxidative stress, and modulated proinflammatory cytokines. However, please consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. Do not self-medicate.
According to studies2, onions may have antioxidant potential due to high levels of organosulfur compounds, polyphenols, and flavonoids, all of which are natural antioxidants. The study reports revealed that onion had higher antioxidant activity despite having lower organosulfur levels than garlic.
A study11 has investigated the effect of onion on osteoporosis, which is characterised by bone mineral density reduction. The cell line investigations revealed that onion extract might inhibit osteoclastogenesis (formation of bone-resorbing cells, osteoclasts) process. According to another study, postmenopausal women supplemented with onion juice had increased bone marrow density. Therefore, onion might be helpful for bone.
In an animal study2, a red onion bulb extract might help reduce lymphocyte and eosinophil numbers (inflammatory cells) in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (fluid collected from the lungs). Another study showed that onion extract reduced proinflammatory cytokines in microglia (brain) cells, and hence might help against brain inflammation.
The onion bulb extracts might reduce the overall counts of white blood cells and lung inflammatory cells, such as eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes, in animal models2. Therefore, it might be helpful for inflammation.
Researchers2 studied the effects of onion extract on liver damage in animal models. Onion apparently reduced alanine aminotransferase and total serum bilirubin levels but did not affect aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, or lactate dehydrogenase levels. This may indicate that onion extracts may have possible liver protective effects. However, more research is required to prove these possible effects.
Though there are studies that show the potential uses of onion in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need of further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of onion on human health.
Studies12 imply that onion is a good source of a flavonoid called quercetin, a powerful antioxidant. It is mainly found in the skin of the onion and has various health benefits. It might be useful in reducing cholesterol, avoiding blood thinning and clotting, and fighting asthma, diabetes, and other infections. It might also exhibit antiviral, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory and sedative properties.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Onion can be used in the following ways:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Also Read: Lady Finger: Uses, Benefits, Side effects and More!
There are no major side effects of onion reported by far. If you experience any side effects, seek immediate medical help from your doctor who has prescribed it to you. They will be the best guide for providing proper treatment to overcome side effects.
Also Read: Dhania (Cilantro): Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Onion is a regular food item but if you plan to take onion for its health benefits you should follow general precautions. Safety studies of onion on pregnant and breastfeeding women have not been documented. Likewise, no research on the safe use of onion in children has been documented. Therefore, it should only be taken under the supervision and advice of a physician.
Also Read: Karela (Bitter Gourd): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
There is not much information available on how onion interacts with other medications. Hence, one should consult a doctor before taking onion if they take any other drug or supplement.
Onion is a perennial herb with an underground bulb and a stem2.
Yes, it isthe most widely farmed and consumed vegetable worldwide1.
Yes, onion might help in weight management . The presence of quercetin in onion exerted anti-adipogenetic (inhibition of formation of fat cells) activity in an animal study1. There is a requirement for more research to scientifically back up such claims.
Onion might be helpful for diabetes. Onion extracts might have a blood sugar lowering effect by potentially inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes1. Kindly ensure that you consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment of conditions like diabetes.
Raw onion might be good for health.It might be helpful for diabetes, cardiovascular illness, and stomach cancer2. However, the potential uses of raw onion for health need to be ascertained by more research. Consult a doctor before using onion for its health benefits.
Onion bulbs and leaves contain many phytoconstituents such as cyaniding glycosides, prostaglandins, quercetin, sterols, phenol compounds, catechol, protocatechuic acid (in the dried brown outer scale), and diosgenin (in the blossoms and bulbs) and nutrients like proteins, fats and carbohydrates3.
Onion might be good for the liver. Onion extracts were found to have potential liver-protective effects by probably helping lower the levels of serum enzymes such as alkaline phosphates, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in an animal model2. More research is needed to prove such claims. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor for liver disease and do not self-medicate.
Onion might be helpful for hair growth. According to a study6, the topical application of onion juice may be beneficial for patchy alopecia (hair loss) as it might help in the growth of coarse terminal hairs. However, such effects need to be proved by more.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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