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Gokshura: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Introduction

Gokshura, often known as Tribulus Terrestris is a tiny leafy Ayurvedic herb that belongs to the Caltrop family. Because the fruits of this plant resemble cow hooves, its name is derived from two Sanskrit words: ‘Go’ meaning cow, and ‘Aakshura’ meaning hoof1.

Gokshura, also known as Goksuraka, Gokhuri, Gokshra, Devil’s thorn, Goat head, Small Caltrop, Gokharu, or Gokhri is a vital element used to cure urinary diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), prostate gland problems, heart ailments and kidney problems. It may also aid in the development of muscle growth, increased and cognitive activity1.  

The fruit bears sharp thorns over its surface that are hard enough to puncture a cycle tire, earning it the name Trikanta or Puncture Vine. This herb’s active components, alkaloids, and phytosterols combine to make it an effective diuretic. Apart from urinary issues, gokshura can possibly help with hair loss, neurological disorders, rheumatic pain, headaches, obesity, stress, piles, bedwetting, and eye problems.

Nutritional Value of Gokshura

Gokshura has active components, the most important of which are the alkaloids, norharman and Harman. It also contains terrestrosins A E, flavonoid glycosides, and furostanol, which are steroidal saponins. 

Properties of Gokshura

In India, gokshura may be used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat asthma, edema, cough, and renal problems, as well as to aid with hair loss, rheumatic pain, headache/stress, menstruation, weak nervous system, obesity, piles, and eye problems. This herb has been discovered to have hypotensive, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, aphrodisiac, and diuretic qualities by researchers.  

Gokshura is also known to have many medicinal properties2. These include-

Potential Uses of Gokshura

Gokshura may be an extremely useful herb for many common ailments. 

1. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Urinary Disorders

Urinary conditions such as urinary incontinence, painful urination, and burning sensation when urinating may benefit from the Gokshura churn. When gokshura is mixed with cow’s milk, it may relieve pain and burning micturition, it may also encourage proper urination and it may help dysuria since it is a mild diuretic3.

Antimicrobial and antibacterial characteristics of gokshura may help against urinary infections. Your doctor will be able to assess your condition and prescribe dosage and form correctly.

2. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Body Building

Consuming Gokshura at the recommended dosage may provide the body with nutrients and minerals essential for muscle strength, making it a natural approach to potentially building healthy muscles. As the available data seems insufficient we may need further studies that can give evidence for these benefits on humans.

In my opinion, Gokshura is a special plant with some fantastic benefits. An animal study8 looked into the effects of a special extract from Gokshura on different muscle preparations. The results show that this mixture may help reduce muscle spasms and ease colic pains.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

3. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Kidney Functions

The traditional Gokshura churn supports kidney health by assisting in the elimination of excess uric acid and managing the uric acid level in the kidneys, thereby preventing or curing gout.

The anti-lithiasis (against stone formation) properties of Gokshura churn may help against the production of kidney stones, as well as breaking or reducing the size of those that may have already developed4. It may also work against polycystic kidney disease, kidney stones, and cystitis. It may aid in the management of diabetes and hence may combat underlying symptoms such as frequent urination. You must consult with your doctor for better advice.

4. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Digestion

Gokshura churn may have digestive qualities and has been discovered to be particularly helpful in improving digestion. It may increase the absorption of important nutrients and improve digestion by stimulating the release of digestive juices.

It also addresses symptoms of stomach pain, distension, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome, as well as preventing fluid retention. We may need further studies that can give evidence for these benefits on humans.

5. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Joint Pain

The analgesic and anti-inflammatory characteristics of Gokshura may help in reducing pain and inflammation, and the churn can be used to benefit rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis1.  The studies available currently are insufficient and therefore more scientific evidence is needed to back up this claim.

6. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Brain Functioning

Gokshura churn is a traditional medicine that may have a beneficial effect on brain function. The powerful antioxidants in gokshura may help people with their memory, attention, concentration, tranquility, and alertness.

Regular use of the powder has been studied to have a positive effect on memory, reasoning, problem-solving, and other cognitive capacities, as well as being particularly helpful for psychotic diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. You must consult a doctor before including any herb in your diet for its skin benefits as they may be able to assess your condition and prescribe dosage and form correctly.

7. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Cardiac Functioning

Owing to powerful antioxidative properties, the Gokshura churn may be helpful for a variety of heart conditions. It may strengthen the cardiac muscles and keep lipids and other debris out of the blood vessels, preventing atherosclerosis. The bioactive ingredients in gokshura may lower the levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), which may help in lowering the risk of heart attacks, strokes, blood clots, and other cardiovascular diseases1.

It’s also important for keeping blood cholesterol levels in check. Your doctor will be able to assess your condition and prescribe gokshura dosage and form correctly.

I may have some good news for people trying to manage type 2 diabetes. In a study6 with 98 women, it was seen that Gokshura might help lower blood sugar levels. Thus, it might just be the natural support you’ve been looking for!

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

8. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Skin Health

Gokshura may be an excellent natural antioxidant and cleanser for healing oxidative free radical damage caused by the sun’s rays. As a result, when used on a daily basis, the Gokshura mixture can help to reduce skin issues, fine lines, dark circles, spots, and some other symptoms of aging. It may also help with wounds, hives, itching, and skin infections while providing a smooth, radiant, regenerated complexion. 

9. Potential Uses of Gokshura for Acne

Gokshura may help with acne, which is very common among youngsters. It can be used to help with itching, skin irritations, skin eruptions, and eczema, among other dermatological issues. 

You must consult a dermatologist before using anything for your skin.

I came across a study that may have shown some exciting benefits for postmenopausal women. In the study, women who took Gokshura experienced potential improvements in their sexual function, like desire, arousal, pain, and anorgasmia7. Thus, Gokshura might just be the secret ingredient you’ve been searching for!

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Other Potential Uses of Gokshura for Hair Loss

Though there are studies that show the benefits of gokashura in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of gokshura on human health. 

How to Use Gokshura?

Gokshura is available in five different forms  

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

Side Effects of Gokshura

The majority of research has concluded that Gokshura is mostly safe to consume and has no harmful effects. Gokshura has the potential to upset the stomach and enlarge the size of the prostate in men. Before including Gokshura in the daily diet, consult with a qualified Ayurvedic doctor, and be cautious in the following situations.  

If you experience any side effects from consuming gokshura, you must consult the doctor who prescribed it to you immediately.

Precautions to be Taken with Gokshura

If you have one or more of these conditions, it is important to consult with your doctor before taking Gokshura. 

Interactions with Other Drugs

It is essential to keep in mind not to use Gokshura with any of these medications: 

1. Lithium

Gokshura could have a diuretic or water pill effect. Taking Gokshura may impair the body’s ability to eliminate lithium. This could cause side effects by raising the level of lithium in the body. If you are taking any of these medications, you should speak with a doctor. 

2. Anti-diabetes Drugs

Gokshura may help to lower blood sugar levels. If you use Gokshura with diabetic medication, your blood sugar may drop too low. As a result, the diabetes medication dose may need to be adjusted.

3. ACE Inhibitors

Blood pressure appears to be reduced with Gokshura. Consumption of Gokshura with hypertensive drugs might cause blood pressure to go too low.

4. Anti-hypertensive Drugs

Gokshura seems to lower blood pressure. Consumption of Gokshura with hypertensive drugs might cause blood pressure to go too low.

Conclusion

Gokshura is a well-known herb in Ayurveda that may help with many health problems, from kidney and urinary issues to muscle strength, heart health, and even brain function. Its natural properties like reducing inflammation, acting as a mild diuretic, and boosting energy, make it useful for a variety of common conditions. It may also help with skin problems, joint pain, and hormonal balance. While traditional use and early research show many possible benefits, more studies are needed to understand how it works in humans. Always talk to a qualified doctor before using Gokshura, especially if you have health conditions or take regular medicines. When used carefully, Gokshura might be a helpful addition to a healthy lifestyle.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Does Gokshura increase blood pressure? 

Gokshura’s diuretic properties may aid in maintaining blood pressure by increasing urine output and helping to drain the excess fluid from the body that causes high blood pressure. This beneficial property of gokshura needs further studies to understand its potential use in humans.

Does Gokshura cause hair loss? 

Gokshura does not make you lose your hair. On the contrary, Gokshura may have some beneficial effects on hair loss in women. As a result, Gokshura may be helpful in the treatment of hair loss in women rather than inducing hair fall. It is advisable to consult your Ayurvedic physician to understand dosage, uses, and precautions as per your health condition.

What is the use of Gokshura? 

Gokshura is helpful for numerous problems such as rheumatic pain, neural problems, headache, bedwetting, low water retention capacity, hair fall, stress, obesity, menstruation, piles, and eye problems. You must consult your Ayurvedic physician for proper advice as per your condition.

Can we take Gokshura empty stomach? 

Yes, we can take Gokshura tablets on an empty stomach with milk.  

How to consume Gokshura?  

Gokshura can be consumed via any of these forms based on your doctor’s prescription: 
Gokshura Churna
Gokshura Capsule
Gokshura Kwath
Gokshura Tablet 

References

  1. Atkari AK, Jaiswal SP, Gajare KH. Potential use of medicinal plant Gokharu. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research. 2023 Mar;5:1–3 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2023/2/2721.pdf
  2. Semerdjieva IB, Zheljazkov VD. Chemical constituents, biological properties, and uses of Tribulus terrestris: a review. Natural Product Communications. 2019 Aug 1;14(8) [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1934578X19868394 
  3. Baghel P, Shamkuwar SK, Thakur B. Role of Gokshur in urinary disorder – a review. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research. 2019 Jan;7(4):409–411 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://ijair.org/administrator/components/com_jresearch/files/publications/IJAIR_2972_FINAL.pdf 
  4. Shirfule AL, Racharla V, Qadri SSYH, Khandare AL. Exploring antiurolithic effects of Gokshuradi polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation in ethylene-glycol-induced urolithic rats. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013 Jan 1;2013:1–9 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3608183/ 
  5. Rajashekar V, Rao EU, Srinivas P. Biological activities and medicinal properties of Gokhru (Pedalium murex L.). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2012 Apr 30;2(7):581–5 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3609349/
  6. Samani NB, Jokar A, Soveid M, Heydari M, Mosavat SH. Efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extract of Tribulus terrestris on the serum glucose and lipid profile of women with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2016 Jun 3;21(4):NP91–7 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27255456/ 
  7. De Souza KZD, Vale FBC, Geber S. Efficacy of Tribulus terrestris for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Menopause: The Journal of the North American Menopause Society. 2016 Oct 12;23(11):1252–6 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27760089/ 
  8. Chhatre S, Nesari T, Kanchan D, Somani G, Sathaye S. Phytopharmacological overview of Tribulus terrestris. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2014 Jan 1;8(15):45 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3931200/ 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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13 Amazing Health Benefits of Walnuts (Akhrot)

Introduction

Walnuts or Akhrot are often called the ‘brain food’ because their furrowed appearance resembles the human brain. The funny thing is, research has proven that consuming walnuts regularly does improve brain function. Easy to add to the diet, they are very rich in nutritional content. They are considered to be better than most other nuts because they have a high amount of polyunsaturated fat, vitamins, and minerals like potassium, iron, zinc, and magnesium. Here are some of the health benefits of walnuts.

Health Benefits of Walnuts

1. Potential Anti-Cancer Effect

cancer

Walnuts can combat the risks of cancer. They are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids and other antioxidants which have been shown to fight cancer. Walnuts are especially beneficial for prostate, breast and pancreatic cancer1.

2. Heart Healthy

supports heart health

Walnuts are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid and linolenic acid. They encourage a healthy lipid balance by lowering bad cholesterol and increasing good cholesterol levels. They are also beneficial in reducing high blood pressure2.

According to a study, the consumption of walnuts is associated with a reduced risk of gall bladder removal. These nuts are rich in several compounds that may protect against gallstone disease.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

3. Support Weight Management

weight management

Because of their high fibre content, walnuts help you feel full long after eating a handful. They are very rich in protein and help in healthy weight loss3.

4. Good for Diabetes

diabetes

Having walnuts can reduce the risk of developing diabetes (type 2). They provide an excellent serving of protein, healthy fat and fibre. Since they are low on carbs, diabetics can have them without worry4.

5. Boost Metabolism

walnuts

A handful of walnuts is enough to boost to a sluggish metabolism. They are replete with essential fatty acids and help with digestion, growth and development and other metabolic processes5.

6. Good for the Bones

shoulder

Walnuts help with the increased absorption of calcium in the body. They also reduce the excretion of calcium during metabolic processes which help strengthen the bones5.

Magnesium, a mineral found in abundance in walnuts, is important for bone formation as it helps in the absorption of calcium by the bone.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

7. Anti-Inflammatory

walnuts

Walnuts have anti-inflammatory properties. Many diseases like diabetes, rheumatism and arthritis amongst others are caused by chronic inflammation. Consuming walnuts every day helps in combating these diseases better6.

8. Good for Digestion

improve digestion

Walnuts are fibre rich. Because of this, they help clean the gut and detoxify the body. They add bulk to stools and aid in managing constipation. Walnuts also help promote the growth of good bacteria in your gut that help maintain gut health and also deal with inflammation7,8.

Having more health-promoting bacteria and other microbes can improve the health of your gut. One way of doing that is to consume walnuts. An unhealthy microbiota can result in inflammation in your gut, which can increase the risk of obesity, cancer and other chronic diseases. Hence, eating walnuts can prevent this from happening. For instance, incorporating it into your daily diet can increase butyrate-producing bacteria, which is a fat that improves gut health.

Walnuts are extremely healthy, but they are among the eight most allergenic foods. Individuals allergic to walnuts must avoid them.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

9. Beneficial for the Brain

brain

There are multiple studies that have revealed the benefits of walnuts for brain functioning. The nutrients found in the nut may play a role in preventing oxidative damage and inflammation inside the brain. For instance, one research showed that walnuts had a role in improving their brain functioning, including better memory, faster processing speed, and overall mental flexibility9.

Including walnuts in their diet might be helpful for students. Nutrients in walnuts can help take away the stress of studies by improving their grasping power and cognitive capacity.

Dr. Ashok Pal, BAMS

10. Induce Sleep

sleep

Walnuts help in the production of melatonin. It is a hormone that helps induce sleep. Having them as an after-dinner snack may help you get a good-night sleep10.

Walnuts may help you get sound sleep. They contain a few compounds like melatonin, tryptophan and omega-3 fatty acids, which promote and regulate sleep.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

11. Improve Fertility

walnuts

Walnuts are proposed to help in the production of sperms and improve the sperm quality. They add to their vitality and mobility, thereby improving the chances of fertilisation11.

12. Good for Skin and Hair

hair and skin

Free radicals in the environment cause the most damage to the body. They are responsible for creating dryness and wrinkles in the skin. Walnuts help fight these free radicals. Regular consumption of walnuts helps in reducing dark circles under the eyes and deal with dull, dry skin and hair12.

13. Helpful in Pregnancy

Improve Fertility

For proper foetal growth, pregnant women should take in sufficient amounts of folate. Walnuts are rich in Vitamin B complex and help with the healthy growth of the foetus13.

While initial studies have shown several health benefits of walnuts, further large-scale human trials are needed to confirm these benefits. Nonetheless, they are definitely worth a try when consumed in moderation.

Some Ways to Have Walnuts (Akhrot)

Apart from the traditional way of enjoying the healthy snack one by one, there are some other ways to consume it as well:

Also Read: Amazing Health Benefits of Dry Fruits

Conclusion

Walnuts are considered nutritionally superior to all other dry fruits because they are exceptionally rich in fibre, healthy-fats and antioxidants. They are healthy for the heart, gut, skin and bones and help to fight inflammation and support weight loss. You can add them to salads and desserts or just take them as a snack. But make sure to consult your doctor before including them in your routine diet if you have any medical conditions.

Also Read: How to Increase Your Metabolism Naturally 

References

  1. Hardman WE. Walnuts Have Potential for Cancer Prevention and Treatment in Mice. The Journal of Nutrition [Internet]. 2014 Feb 5;144(4):555S560S. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3952627/
  2. Steffen LM, Yi SY, Duprez D, Zhou X, Shikany JM, Jacobs DR. Walnut consumption and cardiac phenotypes: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases [Internet]. 2021 Jan;31(1):95–101. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8574984/
  3. Wilson T, DeVaan LS, LaCasse ME, Gile EM, Weis MJ, Ahmann MD, et al. Effect of Walnut Predinner Snack on Mealtime Hunger and Nutrient Intake Among University Students. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2021 Oct 29; Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8787691/
  4. Pan A, Sun Q, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Walnut Consumption Is Associated with Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women. The Journal of Nutrition. 2013 Feb 20;143(4):512–8. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3738245/
  5. Spence LA, Henschel B, Li R, Tekwe CD, Thiagarajah K. Adding Walnuts to the Usual Diet Can Improve Diet Quality in the United States: Diet Modeling Study Based on NHANES 2015-2018. Nutrients [Internet]. 2023 Jan 1;15(2):258. Available from: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36678128
  6. Fan N, Fusco JL, Rosenberg DW. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Walnut Constituents: Focus on Personalized Cancer Prevention and the Microbiome. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2023 May 1;12(5):982. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/5/982
  7. Welcome To Zscaler Directory Authentication [Internet]. Va.gov. 2025 [cited 2025 Nov 6]. Available from: https://news.va.gov/99552/fiber-a-super-food-to-add-to-your-diet/
  8. Bamberger C, Rossmeier A, Lechner K, Wu L, Waldmann E, Fischer S, et al. A Walnut-Enriched Diet Affects Gut Microbiome in Healthy Caucasian Subjects: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Nutrients [Internet]. 2018 Feb 22;10(2). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852820/
  9. Chauhan A, Chauhan V. Beneficial Effects of Walnuts on Cognition and Brain Health. Nutrients. 2020 Feb 20;12(2):550. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7071526/
  10. Zerón-Rugerio MF, Ibarra-Picón A, Diez-Hernández M, Comas-Basté O, Pérez-Cano FJ, Cambras T, et al. Daily walnut consumption increases 6-sulfatoxymelatonin urinary levels and can improve sleep quality: a randomized crossover trial. Food & function [Internet]. 2025 Autumn;16(18):7023–35. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40791136/
  11. Robbins W, Kim H, Houman J, Lee GW. Randomized Clinical Trial: Effect of Walnuts on Semen Parameters and Male Fertility (P18-042-19). Current Developments in Nutrition. 2019 Jun 1;3(Supplement_1). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6574937/
  12. Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Rashki M, Boskabady MH. A Review of Antioxidant Activity, Anti‐Inflammatory Properties, Apoptosis‐Regulatory Effects, and Immune System Modulation of Juglans regia L. (Walnut). Food Science & Nutrition [Internet]. 2025 Oct 31 [cited 2025 Nov 6];13(11). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12576167/
  13. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Folate and Folic Acid on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. FDA [Internet]. 2023 Oct 4; Available from: https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-facts-label/folate-and-folic-acid-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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10 Health Benefits Of Black Coffee

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage enjoyed by many. Some people just want their fresh cup of coffee as soon as they get out of bed in the morning. For them, coffee is like the fuel that keeps their body battery charged up. 

Black coffee is simply a mixture of boiled water and a tablespoon of coffee without the addition of milk, sugar, or honey. For lactose-intolerant people, black coffee is a boon since there is no milk required to prepare it. Although, black coffee can be healthy for the body if consumed in the right way,  its taste may not appeal to many because of the bitterness. Also, it is high in terms of caffeine content and must be consumed wisely to avoid any potentially harmful effects.  

In this blog, we will discuss in detail the potential health benefits of black coffee, black coffee uses, the possible risks with its regular consumption, and how you can safely include it in your routine. 

Nutritional Facts of Black Coffee

Coffee is naturally rich in vitamin B-2, vitamin B-3, magnesium, potassium, and various phenolic compounds. Also, since it is black and free of milk or sugar, it contains 0% fat and carbohydrates or proteins. A cup of black coffee is also a good source of other micronutrients like manganese, sodium, riboflavin, and niacin. It is high in caffeine, which helps to make you more alert and improves performance. This is arguably the reason most people drink coffee. 100 g of brewed coffee made in tap water contains about 40 mg of caffeine. Lastly, coffee is naturally rich in antioxidants including melanoidins, which help fight inflammation in the body1

Health Benefits of Black Coffee

1. May Support Weight Loss Efforts

weight loss
Image Source: freepik.com

Black coffee is a calorie-free beverage that may help maintain a healthy weight. It is rich in caffeine that may stimulate metabolism and increase your energy level, suppressing hunger.  

Black coffee contains chlorogenic acid that helps to slow down the production of glucose. Hence, if you drink black coffee after a meal, it can help to slow down glucose formation. It also contains many antioxidants that can help manage weight2.  

But do remember that weight loss requires a combination of regular exercise and healthy diet, and natural remedies like coffee can support these efforts better. 

2. Help to Improve Physical Performance

Image Source: freepik.com

It is well known that caffeine stimulates the nervous system. This stimulation may help increase the adrenalin levels in blood. This hormone is known as ‘fight-or-flight’ hormone, which prepares the body for intense physical activity3

3. May Decrease the Risk of Diabetes

fpg, ppg & Hba1c numbers in diabetes
Image Source: freepik.com

Many studies4 suggest that drinking black coffee can help you fight diabetes risk effectively. Coffee may help to boost insulin production in the body that may manage blood glucose levels. But do not overdo the consumption of coffee, kindly check with your healthcare practitioner for the correct dosage. 

4. May Lower the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Image Source: freepik.com

We usually hear that caffeine helps to increase your blood pressure but that is not true. Regular intake of coffee may increase blood pressure but this effect may diminish with time. Studies4 show that regular consumption of coffee may help increase “good” HDL cholesterol, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke.

Did you know that caffeine, the beloved pick-me-up in your favorite drinks, actually has a diuretic effect? It means that it can make you produce more urine and potentially leave you feeling dehydrated. So, while savoring your caffeinated beverages, remember to stay hydrated by quenching your thirst with plenty of water to keep your body in balance and avoid feeling parched.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

5. May Have a Beneficial Effect on Liver Health

liver health
Image Source: freepik.com

The liver is a vital organ that works silently to keep our body healthy. Black coffee may help to reduce the level of harmful liver enzymes found in the blood. Some studies concluded that coffee helps reduce the risk of liver cancer, fatty liver disease, hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis5.

6. Helps to Keep the Urinary System Healthy

Image Source: freepik.com

Since coffee works as a diuretic (increases urine output), you might need to use the washroom more often than usual. This helps to flush out the toxic material from our body. It helps in keeping your stomach clean and healthy6

7. May Help Avoid the Risk of Cancer

Image Source: freepik.com

Certain studies7 have shown that coffee may help reduce the risk of getting specific cancers such as liver cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancer. This can be attributed to its antioxidant content, which can help reduce internal inflammation. 

8. May Boost Memory

brain
Image Source: freepik.com

Drinking black coffee may combat the normal functions of the brain and keep your brain healthy. It helps keep brain nerves strong and improve your memory8

9. Help to Reduce Stress

A stressed person - Different types of stress
Image Source: freepik.com

Coffee is a magical drink that may help you relax and destress. A cup of black coffee may instantly calm you down and make things better. It may stimulate the nervous system and help to increase neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin, which can help elevate your mood9

10. May Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease Risk

Sleep deprivation effects on the brain
Image Source: freepik.com

Alzheimer’s disease affects the older age group, usually  65 years of age and above. Some studies10 have shown that drinking black coffee regularly may have a positive effect on your brain cells and help to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. 

Although studies have shown health-beneficial properties of black coffee, further large scale human trials are needed to confirm these.

Here’s an interesting fact: Contrary to popular belief, darker roasts do not have more caffeine than lighter roasts. In fact, lighter roasts tend to contain a slightly higher concentration of caffeine.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Black Coffee

Everything beyond a limit can be unhealthy, and so is coffee! Here are some effects of black coffee overdose:

It’s ideal to discuss with your healthcare provider before including black coffee routinely in your diet, especially if you have any medical conditions or undiagnosed symptoms. 

Also Read: Natural Home Remedies For Dark Neck

Intake Recommendations

It is recommended that you consume not more than 400mg of caffeine in a day. An ideal amount of coffee would be 1-2 cups in a day. Do not exceed coffee intake for more than 4 cups in a day. To ensure that coffee does not alter or interfere with your sleep, avoid consuming coffee at least 6 hours before your bedtime12

Be careful with your coffee intake! While low to moderate doses of caffeine (50-300 mg) can offer benefits like increased alertness and energy, higher doses can have detrimental effects on your well-being. These may include feelings of anxiety, restlessness, difficulty sleeping, and a rapid heartbeat. Please be cautious and mindful of your caffeine intake to prevent these negative consequences and prioritize your overall health.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Conclusion

In conclusion, black coffee may offer a range of potential health benefits, from helping in weight management and boosting physical performance to potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and Alzheimer’s. However, moderation is key, as excessive consumption can lead to adverse effects such as anxiety and sleep disturbances. With its rich antioxidant content and minimal calorie load, black coffee can be a valuable addition to a balanced diet, promoting both physical and cognitive well-being when enjoyed responsibly. But like with any other natural remedy, always ensure to consult your doctor before including it regularly in your diet, especially of you have any medical conditions. 

Also Read: Everyday Benefits of Jeera Water That You Should Know!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is black coffee good for loose motion? 

Black coffee’s caffeine content may sometimes lead to loose motions for some individuals due to its stimulant effects on the digestive system. It’s advisable to opt for clear fluids and electrolyte-rich beverages to prevent dehydration and soothe the stomach during episodes of loose motions. 

Is black coffee good for acidity? 

Black coffee may increase acidity for some individuals due to its high acidity levels. However, others may find that its compounds like chlorogenic acid can help regulate acid production. It’s best to monitor individual tolerance and consider factors like caffeine sensitivity and overall diet when managing acidity. 

Is black coffee good for high blood pressure? 

Black coffee’s caffeine content can temporarily elevate blood pressure, but regular consumption doesn’t seem to significantly increase the risk of hypertension in most individuals. However, those with existing high blood pressure should monitor their intake and consider alternatives or decaffeinated options to manage their condition effectively13. Its best to discuss this with your healthcare provider first. 

Can black coffee cause acne? 

There’s limited direct evidence linking black coffee consumption to acne. However, excessive caffeine intake may disrupt hormonal balance, potentially exacerbating acne for some individuals. Maintaining a balanced diet and hydration level while monitoring caffeine intake can help manage skin health. 

 
Can black coffee reduce headaches? 

Black coffee’s caffeine content can provide temporary relief from headaches by constricting blood vessels and reducing inflammation. However, excessive consumption may lead to caffeine withdrawal headaches, so moderation is key for managing headaches effectively. 

Does black coffee have sugar? 

Black coffee doesn’t naturally contain sugar, but if sweeteners or syrups are added, it can increase the sugar content. Opting for black coffee without additives ensures a sugar-free beverage. 

Does black coffee break intermittent fasting? 

Black coffee without additives like sugar or cream is generally considered compatible with intermittent fasting, as it contains minimal calories and doesn’t significantly impact insulin levels. However, adding high-calorie ingredients may break the fast by stimulating digestion and insulin response. 

Does black coffee increase body heat? 

Black coffee can temporarily increase body heat due to its caffeine content, which stimulates metabolism and may lead to a slight rise in body temperature. However, any increase in body heat is usually mild and temporary. 

Is black coffee good before a workout? 

Black coffee before a workout can boost performance by increasing alertness and energy levels, thanks to its caffeine content. It may also enhance fat metabolism, potentially improving endurance. However, individual tolerance varies, so moderation is key to avoid negative side effects like jitteriness or stomach discomfort. 

What are the main benefits of black coffee without sugar?

Black coffee without sugar is low in calories and rich in antioxidants. It may help to improve metabolism, support weight management, enhance focus, and reduce the risk of certain chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease when consumed in moderation.

References

  1. Food Data Central Food Details. U.S. Department of Agriculture (Internet). https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/171890/nutrients 
  1. Tabrizi, R., Saneei, P., Lankarani, K. B., Akbari, M., Kolahdooz, F., Esmaillzadeh, A., Nadi-Ravandi, S., Mazoochi, M., & Asemi, Z. (2019). The effects of caffeine intake on weight loss: a systematic review and dos-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 59(16), 2688–2696. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1507996 
  1. Guest, N. S., VanDusseldorp, T. A., Nelson, M. T., Grgic, J., Schoenfeld, B. J., Jenkins, N. D. M., Arent, S. M., Antonio, J., Stout, J. R., Trexler, E. T., Smith-Ryan, A. E., Goldstein, E. R., Kalman, D. S., & Campbell, B. I. (2021). International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 18(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-020-00383-4 
  1. Bidel, S., & Tuomilehto, J. (2013). The Emerging Health Benefits of Coffee with an Emphasis on Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. European endocrinology, 9(2), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.17925/EE.2013.09.02.99 
  1. Wadhawan, M., & Anand, A. C. (2016). Coffee and Liver Disease. Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology, 6(1), 40–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2016.02.003 
  1. Lohsiriwat, S., Hirunsai, M., & Chaiyaprasithi, B. (2011). Effect of caffeine on bladder function in patients with overactive bladder symptoms. Urology annals, 3(1), 14–18. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-7796.75862 
  1. Pauwels, E. K. J., & Volterrani, D. (2021). Coffee Consumption and Cancer Risk: An Assessment of the Health Implications Based on Recent Knowledge. Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 30(5), 401–411. https://doi.org/10.1159/000516067 
  1. Nehlig A. (2016). Effects of coffee/caffeine on brain health and disease: What should I tell my patients?. Practical neurology, 16(2), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2015-001162 
  1. Haskell-Ramsay, C. F., Jackson, P. A., Forster, J. S., Dodd, F. L., Bowerbank, S. L., & Kennedy, D. O. (2018). The Acute Effects of Caffeinated Black Coffee on Cognition and Mood in Healthy Young and Older Adults. Nutrients, 10(10), 1386. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101386 
  1. Nila, I. S., Villagra Moran, V. M., Khan, Z. A., & Hong, Y. (2023). Effect of Daily Coffee Consumption on the Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of lifestyle medicine, 13(2), 83–89. https://doi.org/10.15280/jlm.2023.13.2.83 
  1. Barrea, L., Pugliese, G., Frias-Toral, E., El Ghoch, M., Castellucci, B., Chapela, S. P., Carignano, M. L. A., Laudisio, D., Savastano, S., Colao, A., & Muscogiuri, G. (2023). Coffee consumption, health benefits and side effects: a narrative review and update for dietitians and nutritionists. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 63(9), 1238–1261. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1963207 
  1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Spilling the Beans: How Much Caffeine is Too Much? [Internet]. FDA; [cited 2025 Apr 23]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/spilling-beans-how-much-caffeine-too-much 
  1. Mesas, A. E., Leon-Muñoz, L. M., Rodriguez-Artalejo, F., & Lopez-Garcia, E. (2011). The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 94(4), 1113–1126. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.016667 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Health Benefits of Garlic (Lahsun)

Introduction 

Garlic is a spice that is used in the kitchen for centuries. This herb is known to have curative and medicinal properties because of its antibacterial and antiseptic nature. These beneficial properties of garlic are because of a compound, allicin. Garlic is also rich in minerals like phosphorus, zinc, potassium, and magnesium. Vitamin C, vitamin K, folate, niacin and thiamine also are found abundantly in garlic1,2

Garlic Nutritional Chart

Here is the nutritional chart for 100 grams of raw garlic. Note that 1 medium to large garlic clove weighs between 3-8 grams each. The RDI- Percentage of recommended daily intake of garlic is as follows5: 

Vitamins 

Minerals 

The Health Benefits of Eating Garlic (Lahsun)

1. Reduce Cough and Cold 

cough and cold

Benefits of eating raw garlic are many, as raw garlic has the potential to reduce cough and cold in children and adults3. Research4 suggests that using garlic may help relieve symptoms of congestion in children. 

2. Good for Cardiac Health 

cardiac health

Garlic benefits cardiac health because allicin, a compound found in garlic stops the oxidizing of LDL (bad cholesterol). This reduces cholesterol levels and improves heart health. Regular consumption of garlic reduces the incidence of blood clots and thus helps prevent thromboembolism . Garlic also lowers blood pressure so is good for patients with hypertension1,3,6

3. Improves Brain Functioning 

brain

Several studies7 suggest that garlic may be beneficial for brain health because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties It may be effective in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and dementia6

4. Improves Digestion 

digestion

Digestive problems improve with the inclusion of raw garlic in the diet. It has shown beneficial effects on  the intestines and also reduces inflammation. Eating raw garlic helps to clear out intestinal worms. The advantage of garlic is it promotes the growth of good bacteria and reduces the bad bacteria thus helping in better digestive health6.

5. Regulates Blood Sugar 

regulates blood sugar

Research1 suggests that those who have diabetes may observe their blood sugar levels improve by eating raw garlic, but always consult a doctor to know if this can be beneficial to your case before making changes to your diet. 

6. Boosts Immunity 

boost immune system

Garlic may help reduce free radicals and damage to the DNA. The zinc in garlic may promote immunity and the vitamin C may help with infections. Garlic may also be beneficial in eye and ear infections because of their antimicrobial properties1,2.

7. Improves Skin Health 

skin health

Garlic helps prevent acne and lightens acne scars. Cold sores, psoriasis, rashes, and blisters may benefit from the application of garlic juice. It may also protect against UV rays and therefore may benefit from ageing8. Garlic may cause skin irritation and chemical burns so use it only under the guidance of a doctor. 

Based on my observations, garlic has been potentially used in traditional medicine for ages. It’s pretty fascinating how it can be helpful in different things. For instance, studies2 have shown that garlic may be effective in dealing with warts, denture stomatitis, venous ulcers, and even skin wounds. So, if you’re dealing with any of these issues, using garlic might just do the trick.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

8. May Help Prevent Cancer and Peptic Ulcer

prevent cancer

Research1 suggests that garlic may benefit cancer and peptic ulcer because of the high amount of antioxidants. Garlic, may help protect the body against lung, prostate, bladder, stomach, liver and colon cancer. The antibacterial property of garlic helps prevent peptic ulcers as it helps remove the pathogen from the gut2,6

9. Good for Weight Loss 

weight loss

Garlic reduces the expression of genes responsible for the formation of adipose cells which store fat. It also increases thermogenesis in the body and leads to the burning of more fat and the lowering of LDL (bad cholesterol)2

Apart from the fact that it is good for weight loss, garlic is highly nutritional. In fact, one clove of raw garlic, which is around 3 grams, contains2,3

10. May Improve Athletic Performance 

athletic performance

Garlic is considered one of the best ”performance enhancing” substances. In olden times, garlic  was used to treat fatigue and improve the work capacity of labourers. Studies on rodents suggest consuming garlic helps in improving exercise performance. People who had heart disease consumed garlic for 6 weeks and this resulted in a 12% reduction in their heart rate and better exercise capacity9

11. Helps Fight Urinary Tract Infection and Improves Renal Health 

urinary tract  infection

Fresh garlic juice has the potential to reduce the growth of E. coli bacteria that cause urinary tract infection (UTI). It also helps prevent kidney infections. 

Garlic reduces infections on wounds, promotes hair growth, bone health and liver health2. Most of the home remedies are effective only if garlic is consumed raw but should be done only with the supervision of a healthcare provider. 

12. Reduces Exercise Fatigue 

exercie fatigue

According to studies11 from Japan, raw garlic when aged in a mixture of water and alcohol may have significant effects on exercise endurance. Human studies have also been conducted that have shown that garlic can indeed improve the symptoms of exercise fatigue.

13. Reduces Blood Toxicity 

blood toxicity

For people who are susceptible to lead poisoning due to occupational hazards, garlic may be the best organic solution. Research suggests that garlic is safer and better at reducing lead poisoning of the blood than d-Penicillamine, which is the common drug used to treat the same10

Also Read: Natural Blood Thinners: Benefits, Risks, and Precautions

14. Overcome Oestrogen Deficiency 

Menopause in older women has often been associated with a lack of the female hormone known as oestrogen due to irregular production of a protein known as a cytokine. Consumption of garlic has been seen to regulate this to some extent and therefore, may be effective in overcoming oestrogen deficiency after menopause1

15. Reduce Effects or Onset of Osteoarthritis 

osteoarthritis

Consuming garlic in your regular diet can also help to prevent or reduce the onset of osteoarthritis. Research has shown that garlic contains a compound known as diallyl disulphide which helps to maintain bone density and therefore can potentially delay the onset of bone-related ailments like osteoarthritis

From what I have seen, garlic oil might possess anti-inflammatory properties. In cases of soreness and inflammation in joints or muscles, applying garlic oil topically may be beneficial2. Rubbing the affected area with garlic oil can potentially help reduce inflammation and provide relief.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

16. Prevents Heart Blockages 

heart

Garlic is also believed to help reduce the stickiness of the platelets in your blood. These platelets are responsible for the clotting of blood. Consuming a healthy dose of garlic can help reduce the excessive clotting effect of platelets on the blood. Therefore, it may help prevent unnecessary blood clots inside arteries that may reach up to your heart causing a heart attack

I think that garlic might be good for your arteries and blood pressure. When we eat garlic, the sulphur in it gets converted into a gas called hydrogen sulphide2. This gas may help expand our blood vessels, which makes it easier to control blood pressure. However, it’s always a good idea to talk to your doctor about whether adding more garlic to your diet might be beneficial or not.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Also Read: 10 Health Benefits of Giloy – The Ultimate Immunity Booster

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the side effects of taking garlic by mouth? 

When you take cooked garlic by mouth it is usually, safe  but can cause side effects such as bad breath, heartburn, gas, and diarrhoea. If you take raw garlic by mouth, the side effects are often worse and may increase the risk of bleeding and cause allergic reactions in some people. 

Should garlic (Lahsun) be applied to the skin? 

Garlic products like gels and pastes are usually safe. But may cause skin damage that is similar to a burn, especially raw garlic may cause severe skin irritation. 

Who should avoid having garlic? 

One must avoid having excess amounts of garlic during pregnancy or if breastfeeding. Children can take it in doses of up to 300 mg three times daily for up to 8 weeks and not more than that, people with the bleeding disorders must avoid garlic, if you undergo surgery, do not consume garlic as it may prolong bleeding and interfere with blood pressure. Doctors may advise to stop having garlic two weeks before surgery and garlic may lower blood sugar levels. 

Is garlic good for cholesterol? 

Yes, garlic may reduce cholesterol levels, especially LDL (bad) cholesterol, when consumed regularly as part of a balanced diet. Its active compounds may help inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver and may improve overall cardiovascular health. 

Is garlic good for acidity? 

Garlic is generally not recommended for individuals with acidity or acid reflux problems. It can potentially worsen symptoms due to its ability to stimulate gastric acid secretion. People prone to acidity should limit garlic intake and consult a healthcare provider for personalised dietary recommendations. 

Is garlic good for the liver? 

Garlic has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit liver health by supporting its detoxification processes. Regular consumption of garlic in moderation as part of a balanced diet can potentially help protect the liver from oxidative stress and inflammation. However, individual responses may vary, and consulting a healthcare provider is advisable for specific liver health concerns. 

Can you eat too much garlic? 

Yes, consuming excessive amounts of garlic can lead to digestive discomfort, such as upset stomach, bloating, and gas. In some cases, it may also cause heartburn or worsen acid reflux symptoms. Moderation is key to avoiding these issues while still benefiting from garlic’s health-promoting properties. 

Can garlic reduce creatinine levels?  


Garlic may help reduce creatinine levels by supporting kidney function and supporting overall cardiovascular health. Its antioxidant properties can help in reducing oxidative stress in the kidneys. However, specific benefits vary among individuals, and it should not replace medical treatment for kidney conditions. 

Can garlic increase testosterone? 

Garlic is believed to have a positive impact on testosterone levels by enhancing antioxidant status and reducing oxidative stress, which may indirectly support testosterone production. However, more research is needed to establish garlic’s direct influence on testosterone levels in humans. 

Can garlic kill H pylori? 

Garlic has been studied for its potential antibacterial properties, including against H. pylori, the bacteria associated with stomach ulcers. Its active compounds, such as allicin, may inhibit H. pylori growth and contribute to reducing bacterial load in the stomach. However, more research is needed to confirm garlic’s effectiveness as a treatment for H. pylori infection. 

Can garlic reduce high prolactin? 

There is limited scientific evidence suggesting garlic can directly reduce high prolactin levels. However, its antioxidant properties may support overall hormone balance and contribute to general health benefits, potentially aiding in the regulation of prolactin levels indirectly. Consulting with a healthcare provider for appropriate treatment options is advisable for managing high prolactin levels. 

Is garlic acidic? 

Garlic is not acidic; in fact, it has a slightly alkaline pH. However, it can stimulate gastric acid secretion in some individuals, potentially exacerbating acidity or acid reflux symptoms. Monitoring individual tolerance is recommended when consuming garlic, especially for those prone to digestive issues. 

Does swallowing garlic help with acne? 

Swallowing garlic may not directly help with acne. However, some people believe that the antibacterial properties of garlic, when ingested or applied topically, can potentially help with acne-causing bacteria. Its anti-inflammatory properties may also contribute to reducing inflammation associated with acne. 

Does garlic increase body heat? 

Yes, garlic is believed to have thermogenic properties that can increase body heat slightly when consumed in larger quantities. This effect is attributed to its ability to stimulate circulation and metabolism. However, the increase in body heat is typically mild and varies among individuals.

What does garlic do for the body? 

Garlic offers several health benefits. It has antioxidant properties that protect cells from oxidative damage, supports cardiovascular health by improving cholesterol levels and blood pressure, and may have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. Regular consumption of garlic as part of a balanced diet can contribute to overall health and well-being. 

Is garlic good for dogs? 

Garlic is not recommended for dogs as it can be toxic, especially in large amounts. It contains compounds that can damage red blood cells in dogs, leading to a condition called haemolytic anaemia. It’s safer to avoid feeding garlic to dogs and consult a veterinarian for appropriate dietary choices. 

What are the benefits of eating garlic on an empty stomach?

Eating garlic on an empty stomach may boost immunity, improve digestion, lower blood pressure, and support heart health. It also helps detoxify the body and may aid in weight management. However, it is important to consume garlic under the guidance of a healthcare professional to avoid any adverse effects or interactions with medications.

References

  1. Verma T, Aggarwal A, Dey P, Chauhan AK, Rashid S, Chen KT, et al. Medicinal and Therapeutic Properties of garlic, Garlic Essential oil, and garlic-based Snack food: an Updated Review. Frontiers in Nutrition [Internet]. 2023 Feb 16 [cited 2025 Apr 21];10(1120377). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9978857/  
  2. Ansary J, Forbes-Hernández TY, Gil E, Cianciosi D, Zhang J, Elexpuru-Zabaleta M, et al. Potential Health Benefit of Garlic Based on Human Intervention Studies: A Brief Overview. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2020 Jul 15 [cited 2025 Apr 19];9(7). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7402177/ 
  3. Tesfaye A. Revealing the Therapeutic Uses of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Its Potential for Drug Discovery. Cheng JT, editor. The Scientific World Journal [Internet]. 2021 Dec 30 [cited 2025 Apr 21];2021:1–7. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8739926/ 
  4. Lissiman E, Bhasale AL, Cohen M. Garlic for the common cold. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2025 Apr 21];2014(11):CD006206. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25386977  
  5. BUTNARIU M, Butu A. Chemical Composition of Vegetables and Their Products [Internet]. ResearchGate. unknown; 2015 [cited 2025 Apr 21]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302493121_Chemical_Composition_of_Vegetables_and_Their_Products 
  6. Tattelman E. Health Effects of Garlic. American Family Physician [Internet]. 2005 Jul 1 [cited 2025 Apr 21];72(01):103–6. Available from: https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0701/p103.html 
  7. Mathew B, Biju R. Neuroprotective Effects of Garlic: A Review. Libyan Journal of Medicine [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2025 Apr 21];3(1):23–33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3074326/  
  8. Pazyar N, Feily A. Garlic in dermatology. Dermatology Reports [Internet]. 2011 Apr 28 [cited 2025 Apr 21];3(1):4. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4211483/ 
  9. Hwang KA, Hwang YJ, Hwang IG, Heo W, Kim YJ. Effects of Low Temperature-Aged Garlic on Exercise Performance and Fatigue in Mice. Journal of Medicinal Food [Internet]. 2019 Sep 1 [cited 2025 Apr 21];22(9):944–51. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31339799/  
  10. Kianoush S, Balali-Mood M, Mousavi SR, Moradi V, Sadeghi M, Dadpour B, et al. Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Garlic and d-Penicillamine in Patients with Chronic Occupational Lead Poisoning. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology [Internet]. 2011 Dec 29 [cited 2025 Apr 21];110(5):476–81. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22151785/   
  11. Morihara N, Nishihama T, Ushijima M, Ide N, Takeda H, Hayama M. Garlic as an anti-fatigue agent. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Nov;51(11):1329-34. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200700062. PMID: 17955479. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17955479/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Black Salt: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Introduction

Kala Namak is a form of rock salt commonly referred to as black salt. It comes from India’s, Pakistan’s, Bangladesh’s, Nepal’s, and other Himalayan salt mines. Ayurvedic medicine first used black salt for its holistic, medicinal powers1. It’s full of insoluble minerals, making it difficult for the body to absorb them.

Himalayan black salt, black lava salt, and black ceremonial salt are the three main varieties of black salt. Black lava salt is also known as Hawaiian black salt because it is typically found in Hawaii. Black ritual salt, also known as witch’s salt, is made up of ashes, sea salt, charcoal, and occasionally black pigment. It isn’t intended for human consumption.

Black Salt for Cooking

Indian black salt, or kala namak, is another name for Himalayan black salt. It’s often used in cooking, especially in Asian and Indian cuisine, because of its pungent, savoury, and umami flavour. It’s also employed in vegan cuisine to produce an egg-like flavour because of its faint, sulphurous fragrance, which is similar to eggs.

Cooking with black salt is common, and it’s a popular element in Indian cuisine. It has volcanic origins and is composed of sulphur compounds that contribute to its odour and flavour. Iron and potassium chloride are also present2.

Nutritional Value of Black Salt

The nutritional components found in 100 grams of black salt3

Properties of Black Salt

Ayurveda considers black salt to be a cooling spice that may be beneficial digestive and health benefits. Black salt is also known to have many beneficial properties2. These include:

Potential Uses of Black Salt

Black salt is an extremely useful herb for many common ailments. 

1. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Anemia 

Black salt contains modest amounts of iron, which may contribute to the production of haemoglobin in the body. Thus, it can potentially help with iron-deficiency anemia symptoms5. It is, however, essential to consult your doctor before taking black salt for anemia.

2. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Babies

Black salt may have some effect on boosting a child’s immunity. It may also help get rid of intestinal gas, promote digestion, and eliminate excess phlegm from the body, making it suitable for babies older than one year2. We may need further studies that can give evidence for these benefits on humans. Further, you must always consult a doctor and use any herb for children and babies only if prescribed.

3. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Digestion 

Black salt improves digestion by increasing the natural production of acid in the stomach and formation of bile juice in the liver. It may also help boost the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Bloating can be caused by a variety of factors, including overeating, allergy, constipation, inflammatory bowel syndrome, etc. Black salts have alkaline characteristics to neutralize excess acids in the stomach. The minerals it contains help to reduce the damage caused by acid reflux5. Moreover, for any conditions related to digestion you must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.

4. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Constipation  

Due to its Rechana (laxative) properties, black salt may be beneficial for constipation5. It may soften hard stools and make moving bowels easier. More studies on humans are required to back this claim. Therefore, it is essential to first speak to your doctors and only use it if prescribed.

5. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Diabetes 

Insulin is a hormone generated by the pancreas and is in charge of controlling blood sugar levels. When a person’s body is unable to produce enough insulin or has become resistant to insulin, they are diagnosed with diabetes.

According to studies6, low sodium levels have been linked to a decrease in insulin release in the body. Regular consumption of black salt, which is high in sodium, helps produce insulin and hence helps control of blood sugar levels2

6. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Muscle Cramps  

Black salt has a high potassium content, which is important for muscular function. It might also aid in the absorption of other minerals. Thus, black salt may have the potential to relieve muscle cramps and spasms by relaxing them7.  

7. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Skin 

The possible anti-inflammatory effects of black salt, and its abrasive texture, might help in the healing of cracked heels, sprains and swollen feet. Soaking feet in warm water containing black salt might help relieve the pain and swelling. It also functions as a cleanser, assisting in the opening of congested pores and providing a clear complexion7. The possible skin benefits from its high quantity of helpful minerals. Cracked skin can be healed by washing the afflicted region in lukewarm water with black salt. This may aid in the natural healing of skin.  However, every person has a different response to different herbs. Therefore, it is better to consult a doctor before you use black salt for your skin problems.

Other than culinary uses, black salt might aid in the beautification of nails. Black salt is believed to remove dead skin debris and hence might clean the yellowness in the nail bed by using black salt as a scrub or soaking in the water containing black salt4.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

8. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Hair  

Using black salt on a regular basis might help achieve luscious, and damage-free hair. It may contain important minerals that may end, reduce dandruff, and control of excessive hair fall2.  

9. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Weight Loss 

Black salt for weight loss is a great addition to diet if you’re trying to cut back on sodium while also avoiding bloating and water retention. Black salt helps to dissolve fats by increasing the solubility of digestive enzymes. When compared to regular table salt, it may speed up digestion and provide more nutrition to the body’s cells2.  However more studies are needed to understand its effect on weight loss in humans. Consult a dietitian or a doctor to get better advice.

10. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Heart Functioning 

Black salt thins the blood and may be beneficial in people with high cholesterol2. However, people with high blood pressure, should limit their intake of black salt. Any heart-related conditions must be treated under a qualified doctor’s supervision.

11. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Circulation  

Black salt helps to maintain good blood circulation, which may help prevent blood clots. However, it’s best to consult a doctor beforehand. 

12. Potential Uses of Black Salt for Sinusitis 

People suffering from respiratory problems or sinusitis can benefit from kala namak2

You can speed up the clearing up of phlegm and the opening of nostrils by gargling with black salt in warm water or by steam inhalation or by adding it to warm water for gargling. 

Talk about the effectiveness of black salt for arthritis! Researchers believe warm compresses with a bag of heated black salt on joints might help with arthritis problems2.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

How to Use Black Salt? 

Black salt is available in three different forms:

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

Did you know black salt can aid in teeth whitening? Researchers believe that regular application of black salt mixed with mustard oil on the tooth surface might help in cleaning the debris from the tooth surface and hence, whitening the tooth4.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Also Read: Black Chana: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Side Effects of Black Salt

In small quantities used in the regular diet, black salt is probably harmless. Black salt should not be consumed in excess. 

Too much salt in the diet leads to excess secretion of calcium in the urine, resulting in the formation of kidney stones.

However, every herb may react differently in every individual. Therefore, if you experience any side effects, seek immediate medical help from your doctor. They will be the best guide for providing proper treatment to overcome side effects. 

From what I have read, black salt is believed to maintain and regulate the serotonin and melatonin levels in our body, which helps to sleep and relax4.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Precautions and Warnings to Be Taken with Black Salt

If you have one or more of these conditions, it is important to consult with your doctor before taking Black salt. 

Also Read: Pink Himalayan Salt: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

Information is not available about the interaction of black salt with other drugs. However, every herb may react differently in every individual. Therefore, you must discuss your ongoing medications with your doctor who has prescribed it to you. They will be the best guide for providing proper treatment to overcome any possible interactions with other drugs.  

Also Read: Toor Dal: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is black salt and rock salt the same? 

Black salt, often referred to as Himalayan black salt, Indian black salt, or kala namak, is a volcanic rock salt produced in the Himalayan region. It contains varying amounts of sulphur compounds found naturally in the Himalayan mountains, in addition to sodium chloride (the primary chemical constituent in salt). 

Is black salt good for pregnancy?

Inadequate salt consumption can reduce blood volume and have a negative impact on the placenta’s growth and function. When the placenta’s ability to function is compromised, the baby’s growth, development, and even life is jeopardised. Preeclampsia and fetal death may both be exacerbated by lack of salt in the diet. 

Is black salt good for kidney stones? 

Kidney stones are a painful condition caused by a buildup of minerals and acid salts into a lump that blocks the flow of urine and causes nausea. However, because of its medicinal characteristics, many traditional practitioners recommend swapping black salt for normal salt. You should consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment for such conditions, it may be dangerous to self-medicate using herbs without proper information of its impact on your condition.

What is black lava salt? 

Black lava salt comes from Hawaii or Cyprus and is simply table salt mixed with activated charcoal. Use black lava salt as a finishing salt; it’s more for the aesthetic effect than the taste.

How to use black salt?

Indian black salt can be sprinkled on popcorn or kale chips for a unique flavour. Vegans can enjoy black salt because it gives egg-free foods the scent and flavour of eggs. It can also be used as a scrub or a soak while bathing. 

Can black salt be used for cooking?

Yes, you can use black salt for cooking. Black salt is now widely used in cooking and is a typical element in Indian cuisine. Black salt is perfectly safe to use in cooking. 

Does black salt cause gas?

No, black salt helps to decrease heartburn and bloating by stimulating bile production in the liver. It lowers acid levels and alleviates reflux. A pinch of salt can help to prevent gas production, bloating, and flatulence. You should consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment for such conditions.

Does black salt contain iodine? 

Because black salt does not contain iodine like table salt, you will need to supplement your diet with iodine sources.

Can black salt expire? 

Salt, as we all know, has no expiration date because it is a preservative in itself. Because salt packers are required to print the expiration date on the bag, the majority of them print it two years from the day of production.

Can black salt cause diarrhoea? 

Due to its Rechana (laxative) nature, black salt can produce diarrhoea if consumed in large quantities. However, limited human studies are available to establish this claim.

Is black salt and pink salt the same? 

Black salt is another type of Himalayan pink salt. However, to infuse some therapeutic characteristics, this salt is burned at extremely high temperatures in kilns with charcoal, harad seeds, amla, and other ingredients.

Is black salt good for blood pressure? 

Yes, black salt is good for blood pressure, as it contains more potassium and less sodium than table salt2. You should consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment for such conditions, it may be dangerous to self-medicate.

References 

  1. Structural characterization of Himalayan black rock salt by SEM, XRD and in-vitro antioxidant activity. Sci-Hub. 2020 [cited 2025 Apr 25]. Available from: https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141269 
  2. Basu D, Sharma D, Darji V, et al. Discard biochemical malfunction by black salt through naturopathy. Eur J Pharm Med Res.2015;2(6): 96-101. Available from: https://storage.googleapis.com/innctech/ejpmr/article_issue/1446282863.pdf
  3. Mumtaz T, Zuha SB, Saha ML, et al. Mineral composition and microbial association of a local condiment- ‘Beat laban’ (Black salt). Microbial Biotechnology with special reference to amylase, lipase and protease. January 2011.  Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255984030_Mineral_composition_and_microbial_association_of_a_local_condiment-_’Beat_laban’Black_salt
  4. Jayaraman I. Health benefits uses of black salt. Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research). 2023 May 13 [cited 2025 Apr 25]. Available from: https://biotechjournal.in/images/paper_pdffiles/Hea-64636228cf302.pdf 
  5. Singh K, Tyagi S, Chaudhary M, Baliyan D. Traditional and rural manufacturing process of black salt. The Pharma Innovation Journal. 2023 [cited 2025 Apr 25]. Available from: https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2023/vol12issue6/PartW/12-5-528-740.pdf 
  6. Oh H, Lee HY, Jun DW, Lee SM. Low salt diet and insulin resistance. Clinical Nutrition Research. 2016 Jan 1 [cited 2025 Apr 25]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4731857/ 
  7. Bali S, Khan A. The untold health benefits of herbal black salt (Kala namak): a scientific overview. Current Research in Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2024 Mar 8 [cited 2025 Apr 25]. Available from: https://www.gavinpublishers.com/assets/articles_pdf/The-Untold-Health-Benefits-of-Herbal-Black-Salt–Kala-Namak-A-Scientific-Overview.pdf 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Sesame Seeds: Benefits, Uses, Side Effects and More!

Introduction

Sesame (Sesamum indicum), often known as Til, is a flowering plant in the Sesamum genus. It is farmed for its edible seeds, which are produced in pods, and has become widely naturalized in tropical locations around the world. In 201823, the top producers were Sudan, Myanmar, and India. The cultivated type, S. indicum, is from India.

Sesame seeds may be small, but they pack a powerful punch when it comes to nutrition and health benefits. These tiny, oil-rich seeds have been a staple in cuisines and traditional medicine for centuries. Whether sprinkled on salads, blended into tahini, or used as a topping for bread, sesame seeds offer a unique combination of flavor and wellness. Sesame oil is most widely utilized in bakeries. The oil content of sesame is among the greatest of any seed. It is a common component in cuisines across the world because of its rich, nutty flavour. 

Nutritional Value of Sesame Seeds

Protein, vitamin B1, dietary fiber, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, calcium, manganese, copper, and zinc are all abundant in sesame seeds. Here are the nutritional components of sesame seeds per 100 grams3.

Studies have revealed that sesame seeds are not only packed with nutrients but also have an impressive composition. They contain approximately 21.9% protein and 61.7% fat17, making them a great source of these essential macronutrients. No wonder they have earned the reputation of being an ‘all-purpose nutrient bank’ and even the illustrious title of the ‘crown of eight grains.’

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Properties of Sesame Seeds

It is widely utilized for medicinal applications due to the presence of some unique phytochemicals. It may have following properties2

Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds

It is a powerful energy source. Its seeds may be utilized for their various health-promoting properties, while its seed coat, a byproduct of sesame and a valuable source of fibers, may be a source for animal feedstuff2. Sesame seeds provide a wide range of health benefits, which are detailed below:

1. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Hair Health

Plant polyphenols found in sesame seeds can aid hair health. Because of the vitamins and minerals in sesame seed oil, it is frequently massaged into the scalp, which may help with premature greying and hair growth2. The amino acids and antioxidants in sesame seed oil may also help dull hair regain its lustre. It can also be used to hydrate a dry scalp and prevent hair from the harmful effects of the sun and pollutants20. However, more research is required to prove such effects of sesame seeds.

2. Potential Uses of  Sesame Seeds for Heart Functioning

Natural oil-soluble plant lignans found in sesame seeds may aid in the treatment of hypertension5. Furthermore, magnesium has long been recognised as a vasodilator (a substance that lowers blood pressure). Thus, it may have some effect on your heart health. However, it is advisable to consult a doctor for heart-related issues.

Did you know that sesame seeds, along with nuts and legumes, are not just delicious additions to your meals but also fantastic sources of phytosterols1? These magical compounds might have the power to maximize cholesterol reduction in your body.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

3. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Constipation

Sesame seeds have a higher content of fibre that may be beneficial for good digestion. It may also help with symptoms like constipation6 and diarrhoea while also protecting the colon and lowering the risk of gastrointestinal disorders. You must consult a doctor for its benefits for digestion.

4. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Diabetes

Sesame seeds may be useful in managing diabetes. It may have an effect on blood glucose levels and reduce or delay the absorption of glucose in the body7. However, serious conditions like diabetes must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor and do not self-medicate.

Also Read: Diet Tips for Gestational Diabetes

5. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Arthritis

Anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of sesame seeds and sesame seed oil are owing to sesamol, a bioactive substance found in sesame seeds. It might be responsible for preventing pro-inflammatory chemical synthesis.

It may also lower the number of reactive oxygen species produced. Sesame seeds or seed oil may help to reduce the pain and inflammation associated with arthritis because of their qualities8, 9.  Pain and inflammation may be reduced by massaging joints with sesame seed oil11. However, since insufficient studies are available, for conditions of bones, it is important to consult your medical practitioner for advice, as the herb may have different effects on individuals.

6. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Oral Health

The effects of sesame seeds on dental health may be perhaps the most apparent. Sesame seed oil pulling may have antibacterial and astringent effects on many aspects of dental health.

It may also be linked to lowering the presence of Streptococcus bacteria, a common bacterium that can cause problems in the mouth. Oil pulling with sesame oil can help reduce dental plaque as well as improve gum health10. You must consult a qualified dentist for proper advice and guidance.

7. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Alzheimer’s Disease

Sesame seeds can aid in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. They might have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Sesame seeds may reduce the formation of pro-inflammatory molecules that may be linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, they might manage Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting the damage induced by reactive oxygen species to brain cells 12, 13. You must always consult a qualified professional for diagnosis and treatment.

8. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Anaemia

Sesame seeds aid in the treatment of anaemia14. Iron is abundant in sesame seeds. They help in the production of haemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cells in the body. This effect of sesame seeds will need further studies to provide scientific evidence.

9. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Anxiety

Due to its anxiolytic impact, sesame seeds can be beneficial in the treatment of anxiety. They might also have antioxidant capabilities, which aid in the elimination of free radicals and the reduction of stress-related anxiety15. You must consult a doctor and consume any herb only under their supervision.

10. Potential Uses of Sesame Seeds for Skincare 

Zinc is an important component of sesame seeds. Zinc is a necessary component in the synthesis of collagen, which helps strengthen muscle tissue, hair, and skin. Thus, consuming sesame seeds can help improve the health of hair and skin. 

Due to the presence of antioxidants, sesame seed oil is helpful to the skin, and applying it to the face overnight softens and tightens the skin4. Because of its antibacterial and antifungal characteristics, it improves wound healing.  

They prevent wound infection while also boosting wound healing. They fight common skin diseases with antibacterial and antifungal properties. They are also beneficial for wound healing because they help promote collagen production and cell proliferation16.  

Though studies show the benefits of sesame seeds against various disease conditions, these studies are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of sesame seeds on human health.  

Not only are sesame seeds a great source of protein, but the protein they contain is also complete. In fact, the ratio of essential amino acid content in sesame protein is remarkably similar to that of the human body. This means that sesame seeds may provide us with all the essential amino acids our bodies need for optimal health17.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Also Read: Halim Seeds: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Rajeev Singh

How to Use Sesame Seeds?

Sesame seeds are available in six different forms: 

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking sesame seeds or any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.  

The historical text ‘Shennong Ben Cao Jing’ provides insights into the traditional medicinal uses of sesame seeds. According to this ancient document, sesame seeds were believed to have therapeutic properties, possibly in taking care of injuries, nourishing internal organs, boosting energy, promoting muscle growth, and replenishing the bone marrow.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Side Effects of Sesame Seeds

The majority of studies have determined that sesame seeds are safe to eat and have no negative effects17. Excessive sesame seeds can result in some of the adverse effects described below. 

It’s amazing how adding ground sesame seeds to salads can enhance the absorption of fat-soluble phytonutrients found in greens. Not only that, but sesame seeds also contain lignans, which are compounds known for their potential anti-cancer properties. These lignans may play a role in reducing the occurrence of breast cancer22.

Dr. Ashok Pal, B.A.M.S.

Precautions to Be Taken with Sesame Seeds

Before consuming sesame seeds, seek medical counsel if you have one or more of these conditions. 

Also Read: 14 Amazing Health Benefits of Pumpkin Seeds!

Interactions with Other Drugs

It is critical to remember that none of these medications should be used with sesame seeds. 

Also Read: Chia Seeds: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How to eat sesame seeds? 

Raw sesame seeds are a delicious snack (hulled or unhulled). You can toast and bake them as well. 

How many sesame seeds should I eat daily? 

Consume one tablespoon of raw or roasted sesame seeds every day, or season salads with sesame seeds to taste.

Does sesame seeds affect pregnancy? 

Sesame seeds cause the fertilised ovum to be ejected by stimulating the uterine muscles. Sesame seeds should be avoided by all pregnant women throughout the first three to four months of pregnancy, according to experts. 

How to use sesame seeds? 

Sesame seeds can be sprinkled in salads, stir-fries, and soups. Sesame seeds can be toasted to make them crunchier and to enhance their flavour. Sesame seeds can be toasted by spreading them out on a baking dish and roasting them at 350°F for 5-10 minutes.

How to store sesame seeds? 

Keep sesame seeds in an airtight container in a cool and dry place. 

How to make sesame oil at home? 

To make sesame oil at home, toast the seeds until golden brown, then combine them with your favourite cooking oil and blend until smooth. The sesame oil develops on top of the components at this point. Refrigerate sesame oil for up to two years so you can use it in a variety of dishes. 

Sesame seeds, are they gluten-free? 

Yes, Sesame seeds, both black and white, are gluten-free. 

Can sesame seeds cause acne? 

No, Sesame oil, on the other hand, aids in the regulation of excess oils and has a healing impact on the skin.

Can you freeze sesame seeds? 

Yes, sesame seeds can be frozen. Sesame seeds have a storage life of 6-8 months at room temperature and up to a year if refrigerated. 

References

  1. Phillips KM, Ruggio DM, Ashraf-Khorassani M. Phytosterol composition of nuts and seeds commonly consumed in the United States. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2005 [cited 2025 Apr 8]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16302759/ 
  2. Anilakumar R, Pal A, Khanum F et al. Nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses of Sesame (S. indicum L.) seeds-an overview. Agric Conspec Sci.2010;75(4):159-168. Available from: https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/98744 
  3. USDA FoodData Central. Seeds, sesame seeds, whole, dried – Nutrients – SR Legacy. USDA FoodData Central. [cited 2025 Apr 8]. Available from: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170150/nutrients 
  4. Pathak N, Rai AK, Kumari R, Bhat KV. Value addition in sesame: A perspective on bioactive components for enhancing utility and profitability. Pharmacog Rev. 2014 Jul;8(16):147. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4127822/
  5. Peterson J, Dwyer J, Adlercreutz H, Scalbert A, Jacques P, McCullough ML. Dietary lignans: physiology and potential for cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Nutr Rev. 2010; 68(10): 571-603. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2951311/
  6. Bamigboye AY, Okafor AC, Adepoju OT. Proximate and mineral composition of whole and dehulled Nigerian Sesame seed. Afr J Food Sci Technol. 2010;1(3):71-75. Available from: https://www.interesjournals.org/articles/proximate-and-mineral-composition-of-whole-anddehulled-nigerian-sesame-seed.pdf
  7. Ramesh B, Saravanan R, Pugalendi K V. Influence of Sesame oil on blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant status in streptozotocin diabetic rats. J Med Food.2005;8(3). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16176150/
  8. Hemshekhar M, Mohan Thushara R, Jnaneshwari S et al. Attenuation of adjuvant-induced arthritis by dietary sesamol via modulation of inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and antioxidant status. Eur J Nutr.2013; 52(7): 1787-1799. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233995394_Attenuation_of_adjuvant-induced_arthritis_by_dietary_sesamol_via_modulation_of_inflammatory_mediators_extracellular_matrix_degrading_enzymes_and_antioxidant_status
  9. Yadav NV, Sadashivaiah, Ramaiyan B et al. Sesame oil and rice bran oil ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats: distinguishing the role of minor components and fatty acids. Lipids.2016; 51(12): 1385-1395. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27747452/
  10. Asokan S, Emmadi P, Chamundeswari R. Effect of oil pulling on plaque induced gingivitis: A randomized, controlled, triple-blind study. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2009; 20(1): 47. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19336860/
  11. Shamloo MBB, Nasiri M, Dabirian A, Bakhtiyari A, Mojab F, Majd HA. The effects of topical sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil on pain severity and amount of received non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with upper or lower extremities trauma. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. 2015 [cited 2025 Apr 8]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4493737/ 
  12. Kanu PJ, Bahsoon JZ, Kanu JB et al. Nutraceutical importance of Sesame seed and oil: a review of the contribution of their lignans. Sierra Leone J Biomed Res.2010; 2(1): 4-16. Available from: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sljbr/article/view/56583
  13. Lee SY, Son DJ, Lee YK et al. Inhibitory effect of sesaminol glucosides on lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB activation and target gene expression in cultured rat astrocytes. Neurosci Res.2006; 56(2): 204-212. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16842873/
  14. Soltan SSA. The protective effect of soybean, Sesame, lentils, pumpkin seeds and molasses on iron deficiency anemia in rats. World Appl Sci J. 2013; 23(6): 795-807. Available from: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.388.2602&rep=rep1&type=pdf 
  15. Kumar A, Kaur G, Kalonia H et al. Evaluation of sesamol and buspirone in stress induced anxiety in mice. Indian J Pharmacol.2013; 45(1):49-53. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23543858/
  16. Kiran K, Asad M. Wound healing activity of S. indicum L seed and oil in rats. Indian J Exp Biol.2008;46(11):777-782. https://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/4648/1/IJEB%2046(11)%20777-782.pdf
  17. Wei P, Zhao F, Wang Z, Wang Q, Chai X, Hou G, et al. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): A comprehensive review of nutritional value, phytochemical composition, health benefits, development of food, and industrial applications. Nutrients. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 8]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9573514/
  18. Neering H, Vitányi BE, Malten KE. Allergens in Sesame oil contact dermatitis. Acta Dermato-venereologica.1975;55(1):31-34. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/46670/
  19. Kubo Y, Nonaka S, Yoshida H. Contact sensitivity to unsaponifiable substances in Sesame oil. Contact Dermatitis.1986;15(4):215-217. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2948757/
  20. Mysore V, Arghya A. Hair oils. International Journal of Trichology. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 8]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9231528/ 
  21. Obiajunwa EI, Adebiyi FM, Omode PE. Determination of essential minerals and trace elements in Nigerian Sesame seeds, using TXRF technique. Pakistan J Nutr.2005;4(6):393-395. Available from: https://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/pjn/2005/393-395.pdf
  22. Wu MS, Aquino LBB, Barbaza MYU, Hsieh CL, De Castro-Cruz KA, Yang LL, et al. Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Sesamum indicum L.—A Review. Molecules [Internet]. 2019 Dec 4;24(24):4426. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6943436/ 
  23. Sesamum indicum L. GBIF. [cited 2025 Apr 8]. Available from: https://www.gbif.org/species/113619941

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Tejpatta (Bay Leaf): Benefits, Side Effects, Nutritional Value & More

Introduction

Tejpatta is the dried leaves of the plant Cinnamomum tamala. It belongs to the family Lauraceae and genus Cinnamomum which has around 270 species of plants that grow authentically in Asia and Australia. 

Tejpatta is also known as Indian bay leaf is a small evergreen or perennial tree, which means it grows throughout the year and bears fruits every year of its life span.

Typically, the tree grows up to 12 meters in height and the leaf of this tree is around 12-20 cm long and 5-8 cm wide in the center with three long nerves running from the base to the apex of the leaf.

Where is Tejpatta Found?

The Indian Bay leaf grows naturally in the North-Western Himalayan region, Sikkim, Assam, Mizoram, Meghalaya, tropical and sub-tropical Asia, South Asia, the Pacific region, and Australia. As a spice, it is used in various cuisines, especially in northern Indian food and it imparts an aromatic odor and taste1.

Other Names of Tejpatta (Bay Leaf)

The India Bay leaf is known by various English names like

It is also known by various names in the vernacular languages of India like 

Over the years, I have observed that bay leaves might have a notable effect on the gastrointestinal system. It has been suggested that they might act as a diuretic, promoting increased urine production and potentially aiding in the elimination of toxins from the body.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Nutritional Value of Tejpatta

Macronutrient Content in 1 tsp of Crumpled Leaf4

Portion Size: 1 tsp = 0.6 g

Amount per Portion:

Micronutrient Content in 1 tsp of Crumpled Leaf4

Portion Size: 1 tsp = 0.6 g

Amount per Portion:

Types of Tejpatta (Bay Leaf)

Potential Uses of Tejpatta

The herb has diverse potential benefits and uses and benefits which are as follows2,5,6,7:

1. Potential Uses of Tejpatta for the Brain

brain

Many studies show that the Indian bay leaf extracts possess anti-depressant effects,  that is it can elevate the person’s mood. It may have anxiolytic (reduces anxiety) effects, meaning it can produce calmness in a person experiencing anxiety. Thus, it may have some effect in the management of some psychological disorders5. However, you need to reach out to your healthcare provider if you experience psychological problems.

In my experience, I have observed that bay leaf essential oil might have anticonvulsant properties. This means that it could potentially help in reducing or avoiding seizures completely. It is believed that certain components present in the essential oil, such as eugenol, pinene, and methyleugenol, are responsible for this effect.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

2. Potential Uses of Tejpatta for the Skin & Hair

skin and hair

This plant has skin-brightening properties, as may have negative activity of the enzyme tyrosinase which is needed to produce melanin which is the dark pigment present in the skin5,6. Tejpatta oil may also be useful for eczema-like skin disorders where the skin is dry and flaky2. These potential benefits may be due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The leaf may be used to help against head lice due to its potential insecticidal activity7. You are advised to consult with a doctor if you encounter any such infestation as it may be disturbing.

3. Potential Uses of Tejpatta in Cases of High Blood Sugar

regulates blood sugar

It may help to lower blood sugar levels due to its antioxidant properties which may also have some effect on the body to use insulin better. It is may help to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels as well when given to diabetic patients. Larger human studies could help demonstrate the efficacy of tej patta in preventing damage to vital organs due to long-standing diabetes. Therefore, avoid using tej patta or other herbal remedies for diabetes without talking to your healthcare provider.

Based on my experience, I have observed that Laurus nobilis (bay leaf) essential oil might exhibit antiviral properties against SARS-CoV and HSV-1. The constituents of the essential oil, such as beta-ocimene, 1,8-cineol, alpha-pinene, and beta-pinene, are believed to contribute to this antiviral effect.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

4. Potential Uses of Tejpatta as an Insect Repellent

tejpatta

Tejpatta may have some potential effect as an insect repellent as it contains lauric acid which gives it the insecticidal property. It may have properties to repel mosquitoes and to protect grains like wheat, rice, oats, and barley from insects7. More studies are required to support the use of tej patta as an insect repellent.

5. Potential Uses of Tejpatta for the Lungs

respiratory system

The herb may have potential benefits in treating the common cold as it reduces the running nose which is the primary symptom experienced by patients. It may be beneficial in bronchial asthma by reducing cough. It may also have some effects in cases of complications of tuberculosis. Due to its Kapha balancing property, it can potentially control the cough, may help release mucus, and may clean the air passages; therefore, it may be useful in all the above-mentioned conditions2. However the data available about its benefits on humans seems to be insufficient thus, avoid using tej patta or other herbal remedies for the lungs without talking to your healthcare provider.

6. Potential Uses of Tejpatta for Cholesterol Levels

Cholesterol normal range

Tejpatta has been studied to reduce the bad cholesterol that is LDL-cholesterol increase good HDL cholesterol and reduce triglycerides. Therefore, it may help in reducing the risk of heart disease2,5,6. The effect of the blood sugar levels and the cholesterol level may make it cardio-protective which means it may help in protecting the heart.  However, more research is required to ascertain the above-mentioned potential uses. You should consult a doctor for serious conditions such as cholesterol levels which must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.

7. Potential Uses of Tejpatta for the Stomach

stomach pain

The ethanolic extract from this plant may show anti-ulcer action probably because it reduces acidity and has antioxidant action2,5,6. However, you need to reach out to your healthcare provider if you experience stomach problems.

8. Potential Uses of Tejpatta for Wound Healing

wound healing

Due to its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory effects, it may shorten the process of wound healing for minor cuts2,5,6. We need further studies to establish this fact.

9. Potential Uses of Tejpatta in Cancer

This herb contains many compounds that reduce the damage caused by free radicals and reduce the risk of cancer2,5,6. You are advised not to use any herbal remedy to cure or prevent cancer without consulting your doctor.

Though there are studies that show the potential use of tejpatta in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of tejpatta on human health.

How to Use Tejpatta?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking tejpatta or herbal supplements. Likewise, do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.  

Also Read: Dhania (Coriander): Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Side Effects of Tejpatta

People may react differently to common herbs and foods. Therefore, if you experience any side effects after using fennel seeds, you should immediately reach out to your healthcare provider.

Precautions to Take with Tejpatta

Interactions of Tejpatta with Other Drugs

Also Read: Shankhpushpi – Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the difference between Tejpatta and Bay leaf?  

Tejpatta is a type of Bay leaf also called the Indian Bay leaf (Cinnamomum tamala)3.

What is the difference between Tejpatta and Dalchini? 

Yes, they are different. Dalchini is the dried bark of a small tree called Cinnamomum zeylanicum while Tejpatta is the dried leaves of a tree called Cinnamomum tamala (Indian bay leaf)12.

What is the difference between Tejpatta and Cinnamon? 

Tejpatta and cinnamon are different. Tejpatta is the dried leaves of Cinnamomum tamala which belongs to the genus Cinnamomum. This genus has around 270 species of plants under it. The dried bark of the tree Cinnamomum verum (synonym Cinnamomum zeylanicum) is the one that is commonly known as the true cinnamon1,12,13.

How is the Tejpatta tree grown? 

The tree requires ample sunlight and must be planted at a spacing of 3 x 2 m in regular plantations.  The seeds are sown closely on prepared beds during the month of June, and it takes 2-3 weeks for the seeds to develop into seedlings. When seedlings reach a height of 15 cm or turn four months old, they are shifted into polythene bags of 30×15 cm in size. Then, after 10-12 months, they are planted in the main field and take 6-9 years to attain the harvestable stage that is the leaves can be harvested when the trees turn 8-10 years. The leaves are usually harvested from the month of October to December and in some places, the collection is continued till March10

Can we eat Tejpatta?

Yes, only in the amount that is added in food and ground leaf for short periods can be consumed, the raw whole leaf is not to be eaten it is very difficult to digest the leaf and it may get stuck in the throat or damage the lining of the gut8.

Which part of the Tejpatta is used?

Mainly the leaves and the bark of the herb may be used in various herbal benefits and food preparations7.

References

  1. Gunjan Sharma, A.R. Nautiyal; Cinnamomum tamala: A valuable tree of Himalayas.  Int. J. Med. Arom. Plant. 2011 June; 1 (1): 1-4. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267692908_Cinnamomum_tamala_A_valuable_tree_of_Himalayas  
  1. Shifali Thakur, Gitika Chaudhary; Review Based Upon Ayurvedic and Traditional Uses of Cinnamomum tamala (Tejpatta). International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. 2021 June; 68 (2): 71-78. Available from: https://globalresearchonline.net/journalcontents/v68-2/11.pdf  
  1. Vijayasankar Raman, Rainer W Bussman; Which Bay leaf is in Your Spice Rack? – A Quality Control Study. Planta Medica. 2017 March; 83 (12): Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314142585_Which_Bay_Leaf_is_in_Your_Spice_Rack_-_A_Quality_Control_Study 
  1. Nutritionvalue.org. Spices, bay leaf nutrition facts and analysis.  [Internet]. Available from. https://www.nutritionvalue.org/Spices%2C_bay_leaf_nutritional_value.html
  1. Shashank Tiwari, Shreya Talreja; Importance of Cinnamomum Tamala in the Treatment of Various Disease. Pharmacogn J. 2020 September; 12(6): Suppl: 1792-1796. Available from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7df4/763cf49cc4f5c326616c086c1c06c3d8c4fe.pdf?_ga=2.7655026.1100916339.1641413271-858442835.1625849501 
  1. Ravi Kant Upadhyay; Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Potential of Cinnamomum tamala. Research Reviews: Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2017 July; 6 (3): 18-28. Available from: https://www.rroij.com/open-access/therapeutic-and-pharmaceutical-potential-of-cinnamomumtamala-.pdf 
  1. Mukesh K. Chaubey; Insecticidal Activities Of Cinnamomum Tamala (Lauraceae) Essential Oil Against Sitophilus Oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). International Journal of Entomological Research. 2016; 4 (3): 91-98. Available from: https://esciencepress.net/journals/index.php/IJER/article/view/1796/882 
  1. Tat-Kin Tsang, Micheal J. Flais, Gary Hsin; Duodenal Obstruction Secondary to Bay leaf Impaction. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1999 april; 130 (8): 701-702. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10215575/ 
  1. Snejina Vassileva, Razvigor Darlenski; Bay leaf phytodermatitis. Contact Dermatitis Wiley. 2020 November: 84 (5): 344-345. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33191495/ 
  1. MFPI. Handbook of processing of Tejpatta [Internet]. Available from: https://niftem.ac.in/newsite/pmfme/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/baywriteup.pdf
  1. Alam Khan, Goher Zaman, Richard A. Anderson; Bay Leaves Improve Glucose and Lipid Profile of People with Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition. 2008 Dec; 44 (1): 52-56. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2613499/ 
  1. Central council for research in ayurvedic sciences ministry of AYUSH (Govt. of India). Important uses of Dalchini. [Internet]. Available from:  https://indianembassy-moscow.gov.in/pdf/jncc/Ayush-Dietary%20Advisory.pdf
  1. Sunil K.K. Narayana, Divya K. Gopi; Macro-micro-morphological diagnosis of leaves of two species of Cinnamomum (C. sulphuratum and C. verum) used as resource of bay leaf. An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda. 2020 August; 40 (3): 196-203. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7685258/ 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Shankhpushpi: Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Introduction

Shankhpushpi is a plant native to India. It is scientifically called Convolvulus pluricaulis. Shakhpushpi is a Sanskrit word. This word basically means or stands for the plant with bell shaped or conch shaped flowers1,2. These flowers can be blue or white in color. In Ayurveda, it is recognized as ”Medhya Rasayana” which means a drug that rejuvenates, maintains and potentiates intellect and memory. This plant is used from its root to its tips and has a wide range of potential uses in man3.

In India, it is also known by various other vernacular names like:

Potential Uses of Shankhpushpi

The herb has diverse potential benefits for various systems of the body which are as follows1,4,5,6,7,8:   

1. Potential Use of Shankhpushpi for the Brain

brain

Shankhpushpi may have some benefits for brain:

Shankhpushpi may have nootropic potential i.e., it may have potential effect on memory, learning capacity and concentration in the person consuming it. It may be able to have some effect on conditions like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is usually seen in children, wherein the child has trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors or is overly active.  However the studies available are insufficient to validate such claims and the exact effects on humans. You must consult a qualified doctor for proper advice and prescription.

Shankhpushpi may have neuroprotective potential, this indicates that it may have some beneficial effects on mental functions. Its antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory potential may have possible benefit over brain functions like learning, thinking, reasoning, remembering, problem-solving, decision making, and attention. You must consult a qualified doctor for proper advice and guidance.

Due to its potential anti-depressant activity, shankhpushpi may be able to enhance the mood of the person consuming the herb. You must always take advise from a professional Ayurvedic doctor before consuming the plant preparations in depression-like conditions.

2. Potential Use of Shankhpushpi for the Heart and Blood Vessels

heart

The herb shankhpushpi may have some effect on lowering blood pressure and is usually given to treat high blood pressure along with other herbal compounds. Various animal studies have revealed that its extracts lower Low-Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-CH) which is the bad cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and phospholipid levels. However, the studies on humans are insufficient to establish these benefits. Shankhpushpi may also be used in patients with high cholesterol due to its potential ability to lower cholesterol. Shankhpushpi may have the potential effect on these conditions. However, you must consult a qualified doctor for the mentioned conditions for proper prescription and detailed guidance.

3. Potential Use of Shankhpushpi for the Stomach

stomach pain

The glycoprotein secretions of the herb may have shown some effect against various types of ulcers in the stomach. It may help in healing stomach ulcers. But we need further studies to establish these benefits.

4. Potential Use of Shankhpushpi for the Skin

skin health

It may make the skin glow. It may help with acne or pimples, which is usually very problematic in the teenage years of life. It may also help with skin infections. All these above potential uses are due to its anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. You must consult a dermatologist for proper advice on skin conditions.

As is well-known with the brain-related effects of Shankhpushpi, it may also keep away the signs of ageing. Researchers think Shankshpushpi may be a natural anti-aging treatment. Antioxidants are thought to be abundant in it12.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

5. Other Potential use of Shankhpushpi

Shankhpushpi

The extract of shankhpushpi and compounds like tannins, saponins, coumarin, flavonoids, phenol and triterpenoids that are present in shankpushpi contribute to its activity against various bacteria.  

Though studies show the benefits of shankhpushpi against various disease conditions, these studies are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of shankhpushpi on human health. 

Did you know Shankhpushpi might be used for hair growth? Shankhpushpi oil is believed to reduce hair fall and enhance hair growth as a result of its rejuvenating nature13.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use the Herb Shankhpushpi?

Shankhpushpi is available as a powder, tablet, capsule, juice, syrup and oil as well. Except for the oil that is massaged, rest all forms can be consumed with water or milk after meals preferably in the morning9

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking shankhpushpi or any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

Side Effects of Shankhpushpi

Studies so far have not reported any major side effects of shankhpushpi. However, herbs react differently in different people and may have certain side effects and it should never be used for self-medication9,10. If you experience any discomfort, side effects or allergic reactions after using shankhpushpi, stop its use and contact your healthcare provider immediately. 

Also Read: Medohar Guggulu: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More

Precautions

Follow general precautions for any herb as per your doctor’s advice. Kindly do not self-medicate and do not substitute, alter or discontinue any ongoing treatment on your own. Other precautions to be followed are:

Also Read: Green Chilli: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Interactions of Shankhpushpi with Other Drugs

Mostly shankhpushpi is considered reasonably safe, but while using it the drugs mentioned below is to be avoided due to their interactions with the herb10

Thus, patients taking blood pressure and seizure management medicines must consult their Ayurvedic physician before taking it. Moreover, Before consuming shankhpushpi for any health effects, talk to your doctor or physician about any precautions you might need to take. Consulting with your doctor will help you make better choices and avoid adverse health effects.

Also Read: Abhayarishta: Uses, Benefits & How to Use It

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is shankhpushpi good for diabetes? 

Ans: It has potential benefits in lowering blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. Various studies have been done to support this wherein on adding this herb to the patient on diabetic treatment the blood sugar reduction was higher6. However, these studies are insufficient to advise the exact effect on humans. Always consult a doctor for proper advice on serious conditions like diabetes.

Which is better brahmi or shankpushpi? 

There is no evidence currently available on which one is better than the other, but both may have potential as a memory enhancer and may be used either alone or in combination with other ingredients11

Can brahmi and shankpushpi be taken together? 

Yes, they can be taken together; there are many syrups, capsules, and powders with the above combinations that are available in the market11

Which part of shankpushpi is used as a drug? 

The whole plant is used from top to bottom which includes the roots, stem and flowers of the plant9.  

Are aparajita and shankhpushpi the same? 

Yes, they are the same. Aparajita is another name for Shankhapushpi in the Hindi language1

References

  1. Agarwal, P., Sharma, B., Fatima, A., & Jain, S. (2014). An update on Ayurvedic herb Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy. Asian Pacific Journal Of Tropical Biomedicine4(3), 245-252. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/s2221-1691(14)60240-9  
  2. Sethiya, N., Trivedi, A., Patel, M., & Mishra, S. (2010). Comparative pharmacognostical investigation on four ethanobotanicals traditionally used as Shankhpushpi in India. Journal Of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research1(4), 388. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/0110-5558.76437  
  3. Sethiya, N., Nahata, A., Singh, P., & Mishra, S. (2019). Neuropharmacological evaluation on four traditional herbs used as nervine tonic and commonly available as Shankhpushpi in India. Journal Of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine10(1), 25-31. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaim.2017.08.012  
  4. Balkrishna, A., Thakur, P., & Varshney, A. (2020). Phytochemical Profile, Pharmacological Attributes and Medicinal Properties of Convolvulus prostratus – A Cognitive Enhancer Herb for the Management of Neurodegenerative Etiologies. Frontiers In Pharmacology11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00171  
  5. Alzdiscovery.org. (2020). Retrieved 17 December 2021, Available from: https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Shankhpushpi-Cognitive-Vitality-for-researchers.pdf.  
  6. Patel, D., Chandola, H., Baghel, M., & Joshi, J. (2012). Clinical efficacy of Shankhapushpi and a herbo-mineral compound in type-II diabetes. AYU (An International Quarterly Journal Of Research In Ayurveda)33(2), 230. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8520.105243  
  7. Al-Rifai, A., Aqel, A., Al-Warhi, T., Wabaidur, S., Al-Othman, Z., & Badjah-Hadj-Ahmed, A. (2017). Antibacterial, Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Plant Extracts of Some Convolvulus Species and Their DART-ToF-MS Profiling. Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine2017, 1-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5694305  
  8. Bhowmik, D., & Kumar, S. Traditional Indian Herbs Convolvulus pluricaulis and Its Medicinal Importance. Phytojournal.com. Retrieved 3 January 2022, Available from: https://www.phytojournal.com/vol1Issue1/Issue_may_2012/4.pdf.  
  9. Dandekar, U., Chandra, R., Dalvi, S., Joshi, M., Gokhale, P., & Sharma, A. et al. (1992). Analysis of a clinically important interaction between phenytoin and Shankhapushpi, an Ayurvedic preparation. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology35(3), 285-288. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(92)90026-n  
  10. Umar, D., Ali, A., Farhan, M., Basheer, B., & Baroudi, K. (2015). Effect of Brahmyadi Churna (Brahmi, Shankhapushpi, Jatamansi, Jyotishmati, Vacha, Ashwagandha) and tablet Shilajatu in essential hypertension: An observational study. Journal Of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research6(4), 148. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.165015  
  11. Umar, D., Ali, A., Farhan, M., Basheer, B., & Baroudi, K. (2015). Effect of Brahmyadi Churna (Brahmi, Shankhapushpi, Jatamansi, Jyotishmati, Vacha, Ashwagandha) and tablet Shilajatu in essential hypertension: An observational study. Journal Of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research, 6(4), 148. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.165015  
  12. Sharma R, Singla RK, Banerjee S, Sinha B, Shen B, Sharma R. Role of Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis) in neurological disorders: an umbrella review covering evidence from ethnopharmacology to clinical studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 2022;140:104795. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0149763422002846
  13. Ranga V, Ranga S. General introduction of Shankhpushpi according to Ayurveda. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2021;10(4):2030-2034. Available from: https://wjpr.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/article_issue/ff51aa68d3df0b059bf1d40114c7bedd.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Papaya Leaves and Seeds to Treat Fever and Other Ailments

Introduction

You may not be a Papaya fan, but if you want to step into the fitness world, then this fruit can be your saviour. This soft, sweet, and vibrant coloured fruit is a powerhouse of nutrients. It is one of the best fruits one can have daily to stay fit. The famous Christopher Columbus refers to papayas as the ‘Fruit of the angels’ because of their deliciousness. 

The papaya plant is scientifically known as the Carica papaya plant. It is currently trending for the management of various types of fevers, especially dengue fever. Interestingly, not only papaya fruit but papaya seeds and leaves also have medicinal properties and can be used to help manage fever and its complications. 

Nutritional Facts of Papaya Leaves and Seeds

The papaya fruit and its seeds and leaves are an excellent source of vitamins, minerals, fibre, and antioxidants. It contains an abundant amount of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and is a potent antioxidant. Papaya leaves are rich in minerals such as phosphorus, iron, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Papaya seeds contain fatty acids and papaya oil.  

Papaya is low in calories and high in fibre; therefore, it can help promote satiety. For example, if you have papaya between meals, it can suppress untimely hunger pangs, which can help in weight loss.  

Health Benefits of Papaya Leaves and Seeds

The entire papaya tree, from its fruit to the leaves, is healthy and has medicinal properties that make it a great option to include in your diet. 

1. Helps in Managing Dengue Fever 

Papaya leaf juice is one of the traditional treatments for dengue fever. Along with allopathic medicines, this traditional medicine works to taper off the body temperature. Dengue fever brings down the blood platelet count; however, papaya leaf extract helps manage this by increasing platelet count. Malaysian studies have proved that papaya leaf extract can contribute to the production of platelets and increase platelet counts. It can also help in the management of dengue complications, such as rashes on the body and haemorrhage1. During dengue fever, a small glass of papaya juice twice a day can significantly increase the platelet count and reduce the fever. However, it should be used only as a supportive measure alongside standard medical care and not be used to replace medical treatment. Its use should be discussed with a healthcare professional, and platelet count changes must be monitored medically. 

2. Helps Avoid Malarial Infection 

Papaya leaves can help in the management of malaria and dengue fever. The leaves of papaya contain acetogenin and other antiviral compounds that may inhibit some proteins in the virus and help avoid diseases like malaria or dengue2

3. Helps With Digestion  

Papaya leaves and seeds contain certain compounds, water and fibres that help ease digestive issues like constipation and bloating. Papain and other enzymes in papaya help ease the digestion process by breaking down proteins. The regular intake of papaya can help alleviate many digestive problems such as bloating, constipation, and heartburn and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome3

4. May Have Anti-Cancer Properties 

The papaya plant contains many phytochemicals such as lycopene that potentially have anti-carcinogenic properties. It may help avoid cancer cell development and further complications. As per studies, the papaya leaf extract may be useful in the management of colon, breast, and prostate cancer. The papaya extract is also rich in antioxidants that can help protect against cancer-cell activity4.  

5. Boosts Immunity 

Papaya leaves contain flavonoids, phenolic compounds, papain, and alkaloids that have antiviral properties and may enhance the body’s immunity. They are a rich source of various vitamins and antioxidants that make you strong. The vitamin C in papaya increases your immunity and can keep you safe from several infections. It also helps in wound healing, digestion, and damaged cell regeneration5

Also Read: Basil Leaves: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

6. Helps in Diabetes 

Papaya leaves, fruit, and seeds have antioxidant properties and are beneficial for individuals with diabetes as they have anti-diabetic properties and are potentially useful in the healing of diabetes-related wounds. According to some research, the consumption of papaya leaf extract helps to maintain blood sugar levels and lower cholesterol levels due to the presence of dietary fibres in it6

7. May Help in Weight Loss 

Excessive weight gain increases the risk of diabetes. Papaya leaf juice is low in calories and high in fibre and can keep you full for a long time. The dietary fibres naturally found in it help detoxify your body and increase your metabolism, which can lead to weight loss. Also, papaya seeds may help in reducing fat absorption, thus playing a role in weight loss6,7

8. Ease Menstrual Pain  

Many women experience painful menstrual cramps in their lives. This pain may be caused by the secretion of hormone-like prostaglandins in menstrual blood. Papaya leaf extract helps in decreasing menstrual pain as it has anti-inflammatory effects and decreases prostaglandin levels in women with painful periods8.  

9. Good for Heart Health 

Papaya leaves and seeds have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. They also contain many nutrients like vitamins and minerals. These nutrients together may have potentially beneficial effects like protecting the body against cardiovascular conditions, including stroke and heart attack, reducing high blood pressure, and promoting healthy blood circulation7,8

10. Great for Skin  

One of the great benefits of papaya and its leaves is to the skin. Due to the presence of different nutrients in papaya leaves, they keep your skin clean and clear. Papaya has a moisturising effect and can help you manage dry and cracking skin when applied topically. The antioxidant properties in papaya leaves can help you to slow down the ageing process. They also promote wound healing and help you avoid infection9. Papaya leaves are overall beneficial for skin health in all terms.

Also Read: Can You Check Thyroid at Home 

Conclusion

Papaya leaves and seeds are rich in nutrients and natural compounds that may support overall well-being. When used appropriately and with professional medical advice, they can be a beneficial addition to a balanced lifestyle. So if you want to be healthy, don’t forget to add a little bit of papaya to your diet every day. 

Also Read: 11 Surprising Health Benefits Of Coriander Leaves You Should Know

References

  1. Sarala N, Paknikar S. Papaya extract to treat dengue: a novel therapeutic option? Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2014 May;4(3):320-4. doi: 10.4103/2141-9248.133452. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4071726/  
  1. Najar FF, Mandir PV. The potential of papaya leaves in dengue treatment. IJCRT. 2023 Jun;11(6):g377-379. Available from: https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2306735.pdf  
  1. Muss C, Mosgoeller W, Endler T. Papaya preparation (Caricol®) in digestive disorders. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2013;34(1):38-46. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236076415_Papaya_preparation_CaricolR_in_digestive_disorders
  1. Patel S, Rana K, Arya P, Nelson J, Hernandez V, Minakova V. Anticancer Activity of Phytochemicals of the Papaya Plant Assessed: A Narrative Review. J Cancer Prev. 2024 Sep 30;29(3):58-68. doi: 10.15430/JCP.24.020. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11467756/.  
  1. Srivastava R, Jaiswal N, Kharkwal H, Dubey NK, Srivastava R. Phytomedical Properties of Carica papaya for Boosting Human Immunity Against Viral Infections. Viruses. 2025 Feb 16;17(2):271. doi: 10.3390/v17020271. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11861161/.  
  1. Li H, Beg OU, Rafie AR, Kanwal S, Ovalle-Cisneros A, Faison MO, Siddiqui RA. Characterization of Green and Yellow Papaya (Carica papaya) for Anti-Diabetic Activity in Liver and Myoblast Cells and Wound-Healing Activity in Fibroblast Cells. Nutrients. 2023 Apr 17;15(8):1929. doi: 10.3390/nu15081929. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10142885/.  
  1. Santana LF, Inada AC, Espirito Santo BLSD, Filiú WFO, Pott A, Alves FM, Guimarães RCA, Freitas KC, Hiane PA. Nutraceutical Potential of Carica papaya in Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients. 2019 Jul 16;11(7):1608. doi: 10.3390/nu11071608. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6682863/  
  1. Abidah SN, Hadisaputro S, Runjati R, Hidayat ST. Effect of carica papaya l leaf on menstrual pain and prostaglandin level in adolescent with primary dysmenorrhea: a true experiment. Belitung Nursing J. 2017 Jun;3(3):198-204. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331217464_EFFECT_OF_CARICA_PAPAYA_L_LEAF_ON_MENSTRUAL_PAIN_AND_PROSTAGLANDIN_LEVEL_IN_ADOLESCENT_WITH_PRIMARY_DYSMENORRHEA_A_TRUE_EXPERIMENT.  
  1. Sharma A, Sharma R, Sharma M, Kumar M, Barbhai MD, Lorenzo JM, Sharma S, Samota MK, Atanassova M, Caruso G, Naushad M, Radha, Chandran D, Prakash P, Hasan M, Rais N, Dey A, Mahato DK, Dhumal S, Singh S, Senapathy M, Rajalingam S, Visvanathan M, Saleena LAK, Mekhemar M. Carica papaya L. Leaves: Deciphering Its Antioxidant Bioactives, Biological Activities, Innovative Products, and Safety Aspects. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Jun 9;2022:2451733. doi: 10.1155/2022/2451733. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9203216/  

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof. 

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8 Powerful Ayurvedic Herbs With Their Great Benefits

Introduction

Ayurveda is an ancient Indian medical system. Ayurveda means the science or knowledge of life, where ‘Ayur’ means life and ‘Veda’ means knowledge.  

The Ancient and Traditional practice of Ayurvedic is 5,000 years old and works on three basic three principles or doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) and ayurveda practice is based on three classical texts – the Charaka Samhita, the Sushruta Samhita, and the Ashtanga Hridaya which were written in Sanskrit over 2,000 years ago and are collectively known as the Great Trilogy. 

Ayurveda takes a holistic approach to health, focusing on lifestyle, diet, and natural substances. It is important to note that while Ayurveda is a recognised traditional system of healthcare in India, its treatments should be approached responsibly and under the guidance of qualified practitioners. Individuals are encouraged to consult registered medical professionals for the diagnosis and management of any medical condition1

The Role of Ayurvedic Herbs

Ayurvedic herbs are an integral part of the Ayurvedic medicine system. Since ancient times, these herbs have been used to help manage different diseases, promote mental clarity, boost immunity, and support healthy skin. In Ayurvedic practice, attention is given to the person as a whole, addressing the mind, body, and lifestyle rather than focusing solely on the symptoms of a condition. A wide range of herbs are used in Ayurveda to treat illnesses, with active ingredients derived from leaves, roots, flowers, and bark. These herbs are selected with the intention of promoting internal balance and supporting the body’s natural functions2.  

Manjistha, for instance, may be beneficial in managing bone-related conditions. A 2020 study found that the root of Manjistha contains a compound that may be effective as a phytomedicine in the treatment of bone disorders16.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Benefits of Ayurvedic Herbs

The Ayurvedic system offers a traditional, holistic approach to wellness, focusing on balance and overall health rather than isolated symptoms. Some of the benefits of ayurvedic herbs are as follows: 

Some of the Best Ayurvedic Herbs

The following ayurvedic herbs have been traditionally valued for their various properties and uses over many years. Below is an overview of some commonly known herbs and their traditionally associated benefits: 

1. Ashwagandha

ashwagandha

Ashwagandha is a well-known herb in traditional Ayurvedic practice, used for various purposes over many centuries. The name ‘Ashwagandha’ is derived from Sanskrit, where ‘Ashva’ means horse and ‘Gandha’ means smell, suggesting, in traditional texts, the vitality and strength associated with a horse. 

It is sometimes referred to as ‘Winter Cherry’ or ‘Indian Ginseng’, and is particularly noted in Ayurveda for its traditional association with supporting the body’s resilience and overall vitality. The roots of the Ashwagandha plant are commonly used in Ayurvedic preparations5. The benefits of Ashwagandha are as follows: 

Ashwagandha is a versatile herb and is traditionally available in various forms, including powders, tablets, and liquid extracts. It may be taken with or without food, depending on individual preference and practitioner guidance. 

Caution: The use of Ashwagandha during pregnancy is not generally recommended unless under the supervision of a qualified medical professional. Individuals with thyroid-related conditions, particularly hyperthyroidism, should seek advice from a healthcare practitioner before using Ashwagandha or related preparations. 

2. Brahmi

brahmi

Brahmi, also known as Bacopa monnieri, is a well-regarded herb in traditional Ayurvedic practice. It has been traditionally used for its association with supporting cognitive health and mental clarity. The plant’s leaves are considered particularly valued in Ayurvedic literature and are often used in various preparations  

Brahmi is also noted in traditional sources for its natural antioxidant and soothing properties, which have contributed to its continued use over generations. 

Below are some traditionally associated uses of Brahmi7

3. Shatavari

shatavari

Shatavari also known as ‘queen of herbs’. is a medicinal herb with many health benefits. The presence of saponins contributes to its antioxidant properties. Shatavari is traditionally associated with supporting immune function and female reproductive health, as described in classical Ayurvedic texts.  

Here are some benefits of Shatavari8: 

4. Liquorice

liquorice

Liquorice has been used since ancient times in various traditional systems of medicine, including those of India, Greece, and Egypt. Owing to its naturally sweet flavour, it continues to be used in a range of preparations such as herbal teas, confectionery, capsules, and liquid extracts. 

The benefits of Liquorice are as follows9,10: 

Also Read: Dashmularishta: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

5. Neem

neem leaves

Neem has been mentioned extensively in classical Ayurvedic texts and is included in a large number of traditional formulations. It is often associated with supporting general hygiene, skin care, and internal balance in Ayurvedic practice11.  

The benefits of neem are as follows: 

Licorice root has been traditionally studied for its potential benefits in supporting oral hygiene. Some research17 suggests that compounds found in licorice may help in maintaining dental cleanliness and overall oral health. However, its use should be approached with caution and under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

6. Manjistha

manjistha

Manjistha is particularly noted for its long-standing use in Ayurvedic practices related to circulatory and skin wellness12. The benefits of Manjistha are as follows; 

7. Amla

amla

Amala is highly regarded in Ayurvedic tradition as a nourishing and revitalising fruit. It has naturally occurring antioxidants and helps support the body’s internal balance. The benefits of amala are as follows13

Some studies18 suggest that Amla contains antioxidants and phytonutrients that may help support cognitive health. Its naturally high Vitamin C content is also believed to play a role in maintaining normal brain function.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

8. Haritaki

haritaki

Haritaki is known as the ‘king of herbs’ in Ayurveda. In traditional Ayurvedic belief, Haritaki is associated with promoting internal balance and supporting clarity of mind, vitality, and overall well-being. The benefits of Haritaki are as follows: 

Also Read: Black Salt: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Conclusion

Ayurveda offers a time-tested, holistic approach to health, rooted in balance and natural practices. When used under the guidance of qualified professionals, Ayurvedic herbs may support general well-being as part of a balanced lifestyle. 

Also Read: Tamarind (Imli): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

References

  1. Sharma H. Ayurveda: Science of life, genetics, and epigenetics. Ayu. 2016 Apr-Jun;37(2):87-91. doi: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_220_16. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5688840/  
  2. Shukla SD, Bhatnagar M, Khurana S. Critical evaluation of ayurvedic plants for stimulating intrinsic antioxidant response. Front Neurosci. 2012 Jul 26;6:112. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00112. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3405414/  
  3. Mills PJ, Peterson CT, Wilson KL, Pung MA, Patel S, Weiss L, Kshirsagar SG, Tanzi RE, Chopra D. Relationships among classifications of ayurvedic medicine diagnostics for imbalances and western measures of psychological states: An exploratory study. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2019 Jul-Sep;10(3):198-202. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2018.02.001. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6822152/  
  4. Patibandla S, Gallagher JJ, Patibandla L, Ansari AZ, Qazi S, Brown SF. Ayurvedic Herbal Medicines: A Literature Review of Their Applications in Female Reproductive Health. Cureus. 2024 Feb 29;16(2):e55240. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55240. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10981444/  
  5. Mikulska P, Malinowska M, Ignacyk M, Szustowski P, Nowak J, Pesta K, et al. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)-Current Research on the Health-Promoting Activities: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics. 2023 Mar 24;15(4):1057. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041057. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10147008/  
  6. Guo S and Rezaei MJ (2024) The benefits of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) supplements on brain function and sports performance. Front. Nutr. 11:1439294. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1439294. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382845577_The_benefits_of_ashwagandha_Withania_somnifera_supplements_on_brain_function_and_sports_performance  
  7. Mathur D, Goyal K, Koul V, Anand A. The Molecular Links of Re-Emerging Therapy: A Review of Evidence of Brahmi (Bacopa monniera). Front Pharmacol. 2016 Mar 4;7:44. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00044. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4778428/  
  8. Alok S, Jain SK, Verma A, Kumar M, Mahor A, Sabharwal M. Plant profile, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari): A review. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2013 Jun;3(3):242–51. doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(13)60049-3. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4027291/  
  9. Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, Das G, Ahmad W, Ahmad MF, et al. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 14;10(12):2751. doi: 10.3390/plants10122751. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8703329/  
  10. Lai S, Shi L, Jiang Z, Lin Z. Glycyrrhizin treatment ameliorates post-traumatic stress disorder-like behaviours and restores circadian oscillation of intracranial serotonin. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2020 Jan;47(1):95-101. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.13173. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31494960/  
  11. Reddy IVS, Palagani N. Neem (Azadirachta indica): A review on medicinal Kalpavriksha. Int J Econ Plants. 2022;9(1):59–63. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358875244_Neem_Azadirachta_indica_A_Review_on_Medicinal_Kalpavriksha 
  12. Meena V, Chaudhary AK. Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia) – A helping herb in cure of acne. J Ayurveda Holist Med [Internet]. 2015 Jun [cited 2025 Jun 2];3(2):11–17. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302902410_ManjisthaRubia_Cordifolia-_A_helping_herb_in_cure_of_acne 
  13. Shrivastava S, Kaur J, Mehraj M, Feroz F, Chawla J, Kumari S. Emblica officinalis (Amla): A comprehensive review of the miracle berry. Pharma Innov J. 2022;11(6):6–16. Available from: https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2022/vol11issue6/PartA/11-6-187-801.pdf 
  14. Babar TP, Gokhale V. Haritaki—An Ayurvedic literature review. Int J Sci Res. 2021;10(7):22. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362504395_HARITAKI-AN_AYURVEDIC_LITERATURE_REVIEW 
  15. Ram TS, Srinivasulu B, Narayana A. Pragmatic usage of Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz): an Ayurvedic perspective vis-à-vis current practice. Int J Ayur Pharma Res. 2013;1(3):72–82. Available from: https://ijapr.in/index.php/ijapr/article/view/50

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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