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Red Rice: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More

Introduction

According to Balinese mythology, a divine bird was sent to Earth carrying four seeds coloured red, white, black, and yellow. During its journey, the bird consumed the yellow seed, leaving only the red, white, and black ones. These are believed to represent the various types of rice grains known today. 

Among them, red rice stands out for its distinctive colour and traditional significance. Commonly referred to by different names such as Oryza longistaminata, Matta rice, Palakkadan Matta rice, and Rakthashali in Ayurveda, red rice owes its rich hue to the presence of anthocyanin, a natural antioxidant pigment. 

Red rice can appear in several forms, which include wild, weedy, or cultivated and may be partially or fully covered with husk. It has been traditionally cultivated in regions such as Sri Lanka, China, the United States, Korea, and India. Within India, red rice is grown in various states, including Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Odisha, and Madhya Pradesh. Notable varieties include Patni from Maharashtra, Matali and Jatu from Kullu, and Matta from Kerala1.  

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Nutritional Value of Red Rice

Red rice is a nutritional powerhouse. It contains proteins, carbohydrates, mono-unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals like zinc and iron. Additionally, red rice is a source of polyphenols, including vanillic acid and ferulic acid, as well as antioxidants like anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoids, which are responsible for its characteristic colour. The nutritional components of red rice per 100 grams are given below2:   

Properties of Red Rice

Scientific studies have examined various aspects of red rice, and its consumption has been associated with several beneficial nutritional properties. Some of these observed characteristics are outlined below, based on available research and traditional dietary usage. 

Potential Uses of Red Rice for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of red rice are described as below:  

1. Potential Uses of Red Rice in Inflammation  

Inflammation is the body’s natural defence mechanism in response to infection, stress, or tissue injury. It can be acute, such as in the case of fever, or chronic, as seen in long-term conditions like arthritis. A systematic review12 has reported that red rice may exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in certain experimental settings. Antioxidants are known to help protect cells from oxidative stress and may assist in reducing inflammatory responses. These potential effects are attributed to the presence of naturally occurring compounds in red rice, such as gamma-oryzanol, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds3.   

While such findings are of interest, it is important to note that more robust scientific studies are needed to confirm these observations. At present, there is insufficient clinical evidence to support any definitive health claims regarding the management or treatment of inflammatory conditions through the consumption of red rice.  

2. Potential Uses of Red Rice in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers affecting women worldwide. Some preliminary research13 has investigated the potential effects of red rice on breast cancer cells in laboratory settings. Findings from these studies suggest that certain compounds present in red rice, such as polyphenols, particularly proanthocyanidins may influence cellular processes related to cancer progression. For example, red rice extracts have been observed to inhibit the activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a protein associated with cell growth and may also play a role in reducing cell migration in vitro4.  

However, it is important to emphasise that these studies are experimental in nature, and the results have not been confirmed through large-scale clinical trials. At this stage, there is no conclusive evidence to support any preventive or therapeutic claims related to breast cancer, and further research is required. Individuals should consult with qualified healthcare professionals for medical advice or treatment..  

3. Potential Uses of Red Rice for Alopecia

Alopecia is the loss of hair or baldness. Red rice is naturally rich in protein and other nutrients, which are important for general health, including the maintenance of hair. Some experimental research5 has explored the potential impact of red rice on hair health. In one such study, red rice extract was found to inhibit the activity of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, which is associated with hair loss in certain conditions. These findings suggest a possible link between compounds found in red rice and reduced hair shedding in laboratory models. However, these results are preliminary and have not been confirmed through extensive human studies. At present, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support the use of red rice in managing alopecia, and individuals experiencing hair loss are advised to seek guidance from a qualified medical professional.  

4. Potential Uses of Red Rice in Type-2-Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is characterised by elevated blood glucose levels either due to a decreased insulin level or resistance of the body to insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels). A study6 in 2020 investigated the potential effects of red rice in a diabetic mouse model. The findings suggested that red rice consumption may be associated with improved insulin sensitivity and a lower glycaemic response in that experimental context. These observations were attributed to the naturally low glycaemic index of red rice and the presence of certain bioactive compounds. While these results are scientifically noteworthy, 

 it is important to recognise that the study was conducted on animals, and further well-designed clinical trials in humans are necessary to confirm these outcomes. At present, there is not enough evidence to support any definitive health claims regarding the management of Type 2 diabetes through red rice consumption. Individuals with diabetes should consult a qualified healthcare provider for appropriate dietary and medical guidance.  

5. Potential Uses of Red Rice on Dyslipidemia

Dyslipidemia is characterised by elevated cholesterol, including increased low-density lipoprotein, often referred to as ‘bad’ cholesterol, and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), known as ‘good’ cholesterol. A review of existing research7 has noted that red yeast rice, which is a fermented form of red rice, may help reduce cholesterol levels by inhibiting its synthesis in the body. 

Additionally, the presence of naturally occurring phytosterols and monounsaturated fatty acids in red rice has been associated with potential benefits in managing lipid profiles. These findings suggest that red rice might have a positive effect on dyslipidemia8. However, further rigorous studies are required to establish these claims with greater scientific certainty.  

6. Potential Uses of Red Rice on Digestion

Literature indicates that diets rich in dietary fibre are generally associated with a reduced intake of fats and may contribute to improved digestive health. Traditional Chinese medicine has historically used red rice as a natural help for digestion8.  As a good source of dietary fibre, red rice may support regular bowel movements and provide relief from constipation. Furthermore, red rice is naturally low in fat while being relatively high in protein and fibre, which can promote feelings of fullness, potentially reducing overeating and supporting metabolic health. These characteristics suggest that consuming red rice could be beneficial for digestion, relief from constipation, and maintaining a healthy weight1. However, further scientific studies are needed to confirm these effects.  

7. Other Potential Uses of Red Rice

Though there are studies that show the benefits of red rice in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of red rice on human health.   

As red rice is a good source of many nutrients, including phytochemicals, which are believed to possess properties that may support skin health and potentially contribute to anti-ageing effects15.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Red Rice?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.    

Also Read: Puffed Rice: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Side Effects of Red Rice

Few side effects related to the consumption of red rice include:  

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to red rice, it is advised to discontinue its use immediately and consult a doctor or the Ayurvedic physician who prescribed it. They can provide appropriate guidance based on your symptoms.” 

Certain studies14 have explored the potential of red yeast rice in supporting bone health. Preliminary findings from these studies suggest that red yeast rice may have a role in promoting bone formation.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Precautions to Take with Red Rice

Eating red rice is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions:  

Also Read: Plums (Aloo Bukhara): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

Therefore, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of red rice with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking.  

Also Read: Clove (Laung): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Conclusion

Red rice is a nutrient-rich grain with potential health benefits supported by both traditional knowledge and preliminary scientific studies. While promising, its therapeutic claims require more clinical evidence for confirmation. As with any supplement, it should be consumed with caution and professional guidance. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is red rice better than white rice?

Yes. In comparison with white rice, red rice is rich in zinc and iron which may offer several health benefits. 

What are the different red rice varieties?

Some famous red rice varieties include Patni of Maharashtra, Matali and Jatu of Kullu, and Matta of Kerala. 

Can red rice help in weight loss?  

Yes. Red rice is low in fat and high in protein and fibres, which increases satiety and reduces overeating, which may help in weight loss. 

What are the side effects of red rice consumption?

If red rice is fermented consumed improperly, it may be associated with a risk of liver injury. Excessive intake of red rice can lead to digestive discomfort, including indigestion, bloating, and stomach pain, primarily due to its high fibre and protein content. While red rice consumption is generally not known to cause allergic reactions, in some cases, it may be linked to symptoms such as itching, rashes, or swelling. The precise causes and mechanisms underlying these reactions are not yet fully understood. 

References

  1. Ahuja U, Ahuja S, Chaudhary N, Thakrar R. Red Rices – Past, Present, and Future. Asian Agri-History [Internet]. 2007 Oct 1 [cited 2025 May 27];11(4). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237785312_Red_Rices_-_Past_Present_and_Future  
  2. US Department of Agriculture. FoodData Central [Internet]. Usda.gov. 2019 [cited 2025 May 27]. Available from: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2710838/nutrients  
  3. Agustin AT, Safitri A, Fatchiyah F. Java Red Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Nutritional Value and Anthocyanin Profiles and Its Potential Role as Antioxidant and Anti-Diabetic. Indonesian Journal of Chemistry [Internet]. 2021 Aug 3 [cited 2025 May 27];21(4):968. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353975212_Java_Red_Rice_Oryza_sativa_L_Nutritional_Value_and_Anthocyanin_Profiles_and_Its_Potential_Role_as_Antioxidant_and_Anti-Diabetic  
  4. Pintha, Komsak et al. “Proanthocyanidin in red rice inhibits MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell invasion via the expression control of invasive proteins.” Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin vol. 38,4 (2015): 571-81. doi:10.1248/bpb.b14-00719. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25735761/  
  5. Jeng et al. (2012). Agronomic, molecular and antioxidative characterization of red- and purple-pericarp rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutants in Taiwan. Journal of Cereal Science. 56. 425–431. 10.1016/j.jcs.2012.05.015. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/9/6/111  
  6. Yagi, Takakazu et al. “Red rice kojiextract alleviates hyperglycemia by increasing glucose uptake and glucose transporter type 4 levels in skeletal muscle in two diabetic mouse models.” Food & nutrition research vol. 64 10.29219/fnr.v64.4226. 8 Oct. 2020, doi:10.29219/fnr.v64.4226. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33240034/  
  7. Shamim, Shariq et al. “Red yeast rice for dysipidemia.” Missouri medicine vol. 110,4 (2013): 349-54. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6179893/  
  8. Musselman ME, Pettit RS, Derenski KL. A Review and Update of Red Yeast Rice. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine [Internet]. 2011 Dec 4 [cited 2025 May 27];17(1):33–9. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2156587211429703  
  9. Mazzanti, Gabriela et al. “Adverse reactions to dietary supplements containing red yeast rice: assessment of cases from the Italian surveillance system.” British journal of clinical pharmacology vol. 83,4 (2017): 894-908. doi:10.1111/bcp.13171. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346868/  
  10. Jeon, You Hoon et al. “Identification of major rice allergen and their clinical significance in children.” Korean journal of pediatrics vol. 54,10 (2011): 414-21. doi:10.3345/kjp.2011.54.10.414. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3250595/  
  11. Twarużek, Magdalena et al. “Dietary Supplements Based on Red Yeast Rice-A Source of Citrinin?.” Toxins vol. 13,7 497. 17 Jul. 2021, doi:10.3390/toxins13070497. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8310238/
  12. Limtrakul P, Yodkeeree S, Pitchakarn P, Punfa W. Anti‑inflammatory effects of proanthocyanidin‑rich red rice extract via suppression of MAPK, AP‑1 and NF‑κB pathways in Raw 264.7 macrophages. Nutr Res Pract. 2016 Jun;10(3):251–8. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2016.10.3.251. Epub 2016 Apr 1. PMID: 27247720; PMCID: PMC4880723. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880723/ 
  13. Chen Z, Theppawong A, Sangsawad P, Fang J, Ye H, Deng S, Yang M, Gao J, Kraithong S. Bioactive compounds in colored rice: exploring natural agents for cancer prevention in vitro and rodent model studies. J Funct Foods. 2025 May;129:106875. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.106875. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464625002178
  14. Wu B, Huang JF, He BJ, Huang CW, Lu JH. Promotion of bone formation by red yeast rice in experimental animals: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2020 Aug 8;2020:7231827. doi:10.1155/2020/7231827. PMID:32832555; PMCID:PMC7429765. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7429765/
  15. Baptista E, Liberal Â, Cardoso RVC, Fernandes Â, Dias MI, Pires TCSP, Calhelha RC, García PA, Ferreira ICFR, Barreira JCM. Chemical and bioactive properties of red rice with potential pharmaceutical use. Molecules. 2024 May 11;29(10):2265. doi: 10.3390/molecules29102265. PMID: 38792127; PMCID: PMC11123668. Available from:  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11123668/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof. 

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Matki (moth beans): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

Misal pav, a famous spicy Maharashtrian recipe is prepared using moth beans. Moth bean, also known as Matki, math, mat bean, moth, dew bean or Turkish gram, is an annual herbaceous legume (plant or seed/fruit belonging to the family Fabaceae). Moth beans or Vigna aconitifolia are legumes belonging to the family Fabaceae. They are greenish or yellow to brown in colour and oblong in shape. Moth beans originated in India and are widely cultivated in China, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, and north-western desert areas of South Asia and the South-Western states of the United States. These seeds or pulses are grown at the end of the rainy season but are available throughout the year. Moth beans are used to prepare a variety of dishes. Apart from their culinary use, they’re highly nutritious. Let us find out more about the health benefits moth beans offer1

Nutritional Value of Matki

Matki is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins (ascorbic acid and niacin) and minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, etc., and phenolic compounds like cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, etc.  The nutrients in Matki are mentioned below.  

I suggest that Matki may help you in your weight loss journey. Makti is known for its ability to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. I recently read a study that stated Matki may have anti-obesity activity due to its antioxidant and anti-hypercholesterolemic actions6.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Properties of Matki

Scientifically proven properties of Matki include: 

Potential Uses of Matki for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of Matki are described as under:  

1. Potential Uses of Matki in Diabetes

Diabetes

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood glucose levels. Glucosidase enzymes help in the digestion of carbohydrates and starch and cause an increase in blood glucose. Inhibition of this enzyme reduces blood glucose. This mechanism is used by the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor class of drugs, which are used to manage diabetes. Bhagyawant et al. conducted a review in 2019 showing polyphenols in Matki bind to the alpha-glucosidase enzyme and prevent the rise in blood glucose. This indicates that consuming Matki may help manage diabetes. However, we need more studies to support these claims4

2. Potential Uses of Matki for the Immune System

immunity

The immune system acts as a defense against foreign bodies and microorganisms like bacteria, viruses and fungi. An elevated body temperature or fever triggers the immune system to fight against the microorganisms entering the body. Matki or Moth beans are rich in copper and may protect the cells from damage due to free radicals and keep the immune system healthy. Additionally, in rural areas, moth beans are used for fever. This indicates that the consumption of Matki can have a positive impact on the immune system and may also help in managing fevers. However, no studies have been conducted yet to ascertain these claims, and we need more scientific evidence to support these results2,4

3. Potential Uses of Matki in Inflammation

inflammation

Inflammation is a protective reaction of our body against dangerous stimuli like tissue injuries, allergies, etc. Anti-inflammatory agents are used to control inflammation, as seen in cardiovascular diseases, cancers, etc. Roy et al. 2010 conducted a study3 stating Matki contains phenolic compounds which have an anti-inflammatory effect in cardiac diseases and cancers. This suggests that consuming Matki may help manage inflammation. However, we need more clinical studies to support these claims. 

4. Potential Uses of Matki in Malnutrition

matki moth beans

Malnutrition, which includes protein and micronutrient-related deficiency, is a leading cause of stunted growth in children. A literature review by Ayilara et al. in 2022 stated that Matki, although an underutilized legume, is highly nutritious due to the goodness of proteins, vitamins and minerals, and antioxidants5. This nutritional goldmine may help in managing malnutrition in children, but scientific evidence supporting it is limited, and we need more clinical studies to support these claims. 

5. Potential Uses of Matki for Vision

good for vision

Matki is rich in antioxidants like carotenoids, flavonoids and phenols, which may positively impact vision. Antioxidants can lower the risk of eye-related disorders like age-related macular degeneration and age-related loss of vision along with improving normal vision. This indicates that Matki may have the potential to reduce the risk of eye disorders and improve vision. However, studies are yet to be done to ascertain these claims, and we need more scientific evidence to support these potential benefits4

6. Other Potential Uses of Matki

teeth

Though there are studies that show the benefits of Matki in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of sweet potatoes on human health.  

Not just for humans, Matki is useful for livestock as well. I recently read an article that says Matki may offer animals pleasant, exceptional drought-resistant pasture and hay during the hot season7.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Matki?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.   

Also Read: Praval Pishti: Uses, Benefits and Side effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Side Effects of Matki

A few side effects related to the consumption of Matki include: 

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to Matki, it is advised to discontinue its intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms. 

Also Read: Almonds: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Precautions to Take with Matki

Eating Matki is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions: 

Interactions with Other Drugs

Therefore, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of Matki with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the scientific name of Matki? 

The scientific name of Matki is Vigna aconitifolia. It is also known as math, mat bean, moth, dew bean, or Turkish gram locally1

What are the health benefits of Matki for vision? 

Yes, Matki is rich in antioxidants like carotenoids, flavonoids, and phenols, which may positively impact vision. However, to ascertain these claims, more studies should be conducted4

Can Matki help manage anaemia?  

Yes, being a good source of iron, moth beans may aid red blood cell formation and help manage anaemia. However, more studies are needed to support these claims. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you have anaemia4

Can Matki help manage constipation? 

Yes, the fibre content in Matki may aid bowel movements and may provide relief from constipation. However, scientific evidence supporting this is limited and we need more studies to support these claims. It is recommended to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you have constipation4.

What are the side effects of Matki?

Bhadkaria et al. conducted a study in 2021 which showed that Matki, because of its potential to reduce blood pressure can result in side effects like light-headedness, cough, dizziness, etc. Additionally, its excess consumption can result in stomach pain, bloating and flatulence due to high content of fibre and protein4

References

  1. Bhadkaria, A., Narvekar, D.T., Gupta, N. et al. Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) seeds: A review on nutritional properties and health benefits. Discov Food 2, 18 (2022). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44187-022-00019-3 
  2. Sushmita Singh, Imtiyaz Ansari. A pharmacognostic and pharmacological review on <em>Vigna aconitifolia </em>(Moth bean). Pharma Innovation 2018;7(10):491-495. Available at: https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2018/vol7issue10/PartI/7-9-81-151.pdf 
  3. Sawe, D.A. (2021) #wellnesswednesday know your ‘matki sprouts’?!, Rejoice Wellness. Available at: https://rejoicewellness.in/wellnesswednesday-know-your-matki-sprouts/ (Accessed: December 15, 2022).  
  4. Ayilara MS, Abberton M, Oyatomi OA, Odeyemi O and Babalola OO (2022) Potentials of underutilized legumes in food security. Front. Soil Sci. 2:1020193. doi: 10.3389/fsoil.2022.1020193. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoil.2022.1020193/full 
  5. Delimaris, Ioannis. “Adverse Effects Associated with Protein Intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Adults.” ISRN nutrition vol. 2013 126929. 18 Jul. 2013, doi:10.5402/2013/126929. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4045293/ 
  6. Bhadkaria A, Narvekar DT, Gupta N, Khare A, Bhagyawant SS. Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) seeds: A review on nutritional properties and health benefits. Discov Food. 2022;2:18. doi:10.1007/s44187-022-00019-3. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44187-022-00019-3
  7. Feedipedia – Animal Feed Resources Information System. Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia) [Internet]. 2020 Sep 22 [cited 2026 Feb 13]. Available from: https://www.feedipedia.org/node/237

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Halim Seeds: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Introduction

Halim seeds, also known as garden cress seeds, are tiny reddish-brown seeds packed with nutrition and health benefits. Used for centuries in traditional medicine and cooking, they have been valued for their medicinal properties and rich nutrient profile.

These seeds come from Lepidium sativum, an edible herb belonging to the Brassicaceae family. Originally native to Egypt, the plant is now cultivated worldwide, including in India, where it is primarily grown in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. The plant produces light pink or white flowers and tiny seed pods, which are harvested for their seeds.


Halim seeds are also known by different names across regions, such as Holan, Chandrasura, Aliv seeds, and garden cress. With their impressive nutritional value, they have gained popularity as a superfood. Let’s explore the numerous health benefits these tiny seeds have to offer1.

Nutritional Value of Halim Seeds

Halim seeds are packed with the goodness of carbohydrates, proteins, fibers and minerals like calcium, phosphorus, zinc, etc. and phytochemicals like flavonoids, phenols, lectins, tannins, glycosides, etc. The nutritional components and bioactive components of Halim seeds are mentioned below: 

Properties of Halim Seeds

Scientifically proven properties of Halim seeds include: 

Based on my experience, I have found that the extract from halim seeds shows promising potential as an antifungal agent. It has been observed to effectively inhibit the growth of various fungal species. Halim seeds may possess strong antifungal properties, which could be beneficial in the management of fungal infections.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Potential Uses of Halim Seeds for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of Halim seeds are described below:  

1. Potential Uses of Halim Seeds in Type 2 Diabetes 

diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycemia (an increase in blood glucose levels) with reduced or total loss of insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose in the body) function.

Qusti et al. conducted a study4 in 2016 to assess the effects of Halim seeds in diabetic rats. The study showed that Halim seeds showed a significant decrease in blood glucose levels. This effect was attributed to the inhibition of molecules which inhibit the insulin pathway. This indicates that Halim seeds may help in managing diabetes. However, we need more studies to support these claims in humans.

2. Potential Uses of Halim Seeds in Bone Health 

bone health

Strong bones reduce the risk of fractures and protect vital organs like the brain and heart from damage. To build strong bones and promote bone healing in fractures, calcium and Vitamin D play an important role.

Dixit et al. conducted a study1 on rats in 2020, stating that Halim seeds may positively impact bone health and help promote bone healing in case of fractures due to the presence of calcium and phosphorus in high amounts. This indicates that Halim seed consumption may have a positive impact on bone fractures, provided more human studies are done to support these claims.

3. Potential Uses of Halim Seeds on Obesity 

Obesity

Obesity is defined as an excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat in the body. A Body Mass Index (BMI)>25 kg/m2 is defined as overweight, and >30 kg/m2 is considered obese. Reducing body weight may help in managing obesity.

Dixit et al. conducted a study4 in 2020 to assess the effect of Halim seeds on obese rats; the study findings supported the use of Halim seeds for weight loss. This indicates that Halim seed consumption may help manage obesity by reducing weight. However, we need more studies to support these claims in humans.

4. Potential Uses of Halim Seeds in Breast Cancer 

breast cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Literature reviews support the use of dietary agents and a reduced risk of breast cancer.

Mahassni et al. conducted a literature review5 in 2013, stating Halim seeds contain phytochemicals like organo-sulfur compounds and phytosterols, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and may inhibit cell multiplication, arrest the cancer cell cycle and cause apoptosis (cell death of cancer cells). This indicates that Halim seeds may exert an anti-cancer effect on breast cancer. However, there is limited evidence, and we need more studies to support these claims in humans.

5. Potential Uses of Halim Seeds on Hyperlipidemia 

cholesterol

Hyperlipidemia or hyperlipoproteinemia is defined as an increase in total cholesterol, a reduction in low-density lipoprotein or bad cholesterol and an increase in high-density lipoprotein or good cholesterol.

Yousef et al. conducted a study6 in 2014 to assess the effects of Halim seeds on hyperlipidemia; this study states that Halim seeds positively impacted lipid profiles. This effect is attributed to the inhibition of an enzyme, which aids the formation of cholesterol. This indicates that the consumption of Halim seeds may help manage hyperlipidemia. However, more studies should be conducted to claim these effects with more reliability.

In my practice, I have observed that halim seeds may exhibit significant antidiarrheal properties. It is believed to achieve this by inhibiting gastrointestinal propulsion and fluid secretion, resulting in a decreased frequency of bowel movements and reduced fluid loss.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

6. Other Potential Uses of Halim Seeds

period pain

Though there are studies that show the benefits of Halim seeds in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Halim seeds on human health.  

How to Use Halim Seeds?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an Ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.   

Side Effects of Halim Seeds

According to a study9, it is stated that in addition to the nutritional components, Halim seeds also contain anti-nutrients like phytates and oxalates, which may interfere with the absorption of nutrients.  

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to Halim seeds, it is advised to discontinue their intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed them. They will be able to guide you appropriately.

Also Read: Kayam Churna: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More

Precautions to Take with Halim Seeds

Consuming Halim seeds is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions8

The safety data regarding the use of Halim seeds in pregnant and breastfeeding women, the elderly and infants is limited; therefore, it is advised to take necessary cautions if you plan to add this herb to your dietary routine. It is advised to follow precautions and consume it in moderate amounts. 

Consuming Halim seeds is contraindicated in the following situations: 

Also Read: 14 Amazing Health Benefits of Pumpkin Seeds!

Interactions with Other Drugs

However, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of Halim seeds with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking8.

Also Read: Chia Seeds: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can you use halim seeds for weight loss? 

Yes, animal studies3 show that Halim seeds may help in weight loss. However, we need more studies to support these claims in humans. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you have any weight-related issues.

Can Halim seeds be used during pregnancy? 

The safety data regarding the use of Halim seeds in pregnancy is limited; therefore, it is advised to take necessary cautions if you plan to add this herb to your dietary routine. It is advised to consult a doctor for proper advice. 

Can Halim seeds be used to manage anaemia? 

Yes, Halim seeds, due to their high iron content, may help in managing iron-deficiency anemia. 

References

  1. Dixit Jr Iii, Vinti et al. “Lepidium sativum: Bone healer in traditional medicine, an experimental validation study in rats.” Journal of family medicine and primary care vol. 9,2 812-818. 28 Feb. 2020, doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_761_19. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7113932/ 
  2. AL Sayed et al. Utilization of garden cress seeds (lepidium sativum L.) as natural source of protein ‎and dietary fiber in noodles – pharmaceutical research and Allied Sciences. Available at: https://ijpras.com/article/utilization-of-garden-cress-seeds-lepidium-sativum-l-as-natural-source-of-protein-and-dietary-fiber-in-noodles (Accessed: December 13, 2022).  
  3. Azene, M., Habte, K. & Tkuwab, H. Nutritional, health benefits and toxicity of underutilized garden cress seeds and its functional food products: a review. Food Prod Process and Nutr 4, 33 (2022). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-022-00114-z.  
  4. Qusti, Safaa et al. “The Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Activity of Cress Seed and Cinnamon on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Male Rats.” Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM vol. 2016 (2016): 5614564. doi:10.1155/2016/5614564. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4972928/ 
  5. Mahassni, Sawsan Hassan, and Roaa Mahdi Al-Reemi. “Apoptosis and necrosis of human breast cancer cells by an aqueous extract of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.” Saudi journal of biological sciences vol. 20,2 (2013): 131-9. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.12.002. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730895/ 
  6. El-Gindy, Yassmine M et al. “Reproductive performance and milk yield of rabbits fed diets supplemented with garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seed.” Scientific reports vol. 12,1 17083. 12 Oct. 2022, doi:10.1038/s41598-022-21449-0. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9556594/ 
  7. Jain, T., Grover, K. A Comprehensive Review on the Nutritional and Nutraceutical Aspects of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum Linn.). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 88, 829–836 (2018). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-016-0775-2 
  8. Lippert A, Renner B. Herb-drug interaction in inflammatory diseases: review of phytomedicine and herbal supplements. J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 12;11(6):1567. doi: 10.3390/jcm11061567. PMID: 35329893; PMCID: PMC8951360. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8951360/
  9. Malhotra U, Sontakke M, Shams R, Pandey VK. Effects of pre-treatments on nutritional and mineral composition of garden cress seeds (Lepidium sativum). Food Chem Adv. 2023;3(4):100398. doi:10.1016/j.focha.2023.100398. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372523403_Effects_of_pre-treatments_on_nutritional_and_mineral_composition_of_garden_cress_seeds_Lepidium_sativum

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Sadabahar (Periwinkle): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Introduction

Sadabahar or sadaphuli is a small shrub bearing purple, pink, or white flowers throughout the year and hence called “Sadabahar”. Natively called “periwinkle” in English Catharanthus roseus originated in Madagascar. This ornamental plant is cultivated throughout tropical and subtropical areas. Nearly 12 species are identified, out of which two are popular ground covers (a plant that grows over an area of ground). All the species bear single flowers and have opposite leaves. When the flowers are plucked, they exude a milky juice. The flowers bloom in March or April. Alba variety has white flowers, Atropurpurea has purple flowers, and Alboplena bears white flowers. Periwinkle is a rich source of medicinal compounds, and you need to know how nature has encapsulated love and care for all of us with this amazingly beautiful plant. Let us read more about the various health benefits Sadabahar leaves has to offer1

Did you know?

Nutritional Value of Sadabahar

Sadabahar leaves and flower petals are rich in flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates and phytochemicals like vincristine, vinblastine, vincardine, etc. The nutritional components of Sadabahar leaves are mentioned below: 

Nutritional value of Sadabahar leaves2 

The Sadabahar plant might act as a “diuretic.” Taking Sadabahar might make the body less effective at eliminating lithium. Lithium levels may rise as a result, which may have various side effects. I suggest if you are on lithium, see your doctor before consuming Sadabahar in any form. You might need to adjust your lithium dosage.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Properties of Sadabahar

Scientifically proven properties of Sadabahar include1

Potential Uses of Sadabahar for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of Sadabahar are described as under:  

1. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Type-2 Diabetes

diabetes

Type-2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by derangements (abnormalities) in blood glucose levels, due to decreased insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose) response or insulin resistance. Nammi et al. conducted a study in 2003 to assess the effects of sadabahar leaf juice on diabetic rats. The findings of this study stated that sadabahar had an anti-diabetic effect, attributed to increased secretion of insulin from beta cells of the pancreas. This indicates that sadabahar leaves may help in managing diabetes. However, we need more studies to support these claims in humans3

2. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Hypertension

hypertension

Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure >130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure>80 mm Hg. Sadabahar as an anti-hypertensive (causing a decrease in blood pressure) agent has been used in folklore medicine. Ara et al. conducted a study in 2009 in hypertensive rats fed sadabahar leaves extract. The results of this study supported the use of sadabahar to manage high blood pressure, indicating that it may positively impact blood pressure. However, we need more studies to ascertain these claims in humans4

3. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Cognitive Function

brain

A literature review by Medina et al. In 2010 stated that sadabahar contains chemical compounds called alkaloids which are known to enhance cognitive function. This effect is attributed to the inhibition of an enzyme called phosphodiesterase enzyme. The inhibition of this enzyme increases the levels of bio-molecules known to regulate memory, learning, etc. This indicates that sadabahar can positively impact cognitive function5

4. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Male Pattern Hair Loss

hair loss

Androgenic Alopecia, or male pattern hair loss in men and female pattern hair loss in women, is a patterned and progressive hair loss. A review by Justin et al. was conducted in 2017, stating sadabahar may help manage androgenic alopecia. However, the exact mechanism behind this is unknown, and we need more scientific studies to claim these effects in humans6

5. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Cancer

cancer

Vinca alkaloids are medicinal compounds obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle plant or sadabahar. Vinblastine, an important Vinca alkaloid, has anti-tumour activity and is widely used to manage testicular cancers. Vinorelbine, another alkaloid from sadabahar, finds use for managing breast cancers and osteosarcoma (bone cancer cells). This indicates that sadabahar may help manage cancers. However, the potent anticancer Vinca alkaloids are fully processed, and safety and toxicity are tested before use. We do not promote the use of sadabahar flowers or leaves for managing cancers7

6. Other Potential Uses of Sadabahar

periwinkle

Though there are studies that show the benefits of Sadabahar in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Sadabahar on human health.  

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative illness of the central nervous system, affects 50–60% of people with dementia. It is distinguished by significant memory loss, emotional instability, and personality changes in later life. Studies have shown that the extracts of Sadabahar may aid in Alzheimer’s Disease as it has the potential to stimulate the nervous system. I suggest the consumption of Sadabahar with a doctor’s guidance and avoiding self-medication at all costs.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Sadabahar?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.   

Side Effects of Sadabahar

A few side effects related to the consumption of sadabahar include: 

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to Sadabahar, it is advised to discontinue its intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms. 

Also Read: Shankhpushpi: Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Precautions to Take with Sadabahar

Consuming Sadabahar is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions: 

Also Read: Sandalwood: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

However, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of sadabahar with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking3,9

Also Read: Chitrakadi Vati: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the scientific name of sadabahar? 

The scientific name of sadabahar is Catharanthus roseus1

What are the varieties of sadabahar available in the market? 

Depending on the colour of the flower, two-three varieties are known, these include Alba variety which has white flowers, Atropurpurea which has purple flowers and Alboplena bears white flowers1

Can sadabahar help manage diabetes?  

Yes, animal studies show that sadabahar has an anti-diabetic effect, attributed to increased secretion of insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose) from beta cells of the pancreas.  However, we need more studies to support these claims in humans. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for a proper treatment in case you suffer from diabetes3

Can sadabahar be used in pregnancy? 

The safety data regarding the use of sadabahar in pregnancy and during breastfeeding is limited; therefore it is advised to take necessary cautions if you plan to add this herb to your dietary routine. It is advised to consult a doctor for proper advice11

What are the side effects of sadabahar? 

Loh et al. in 2008 stated that vincristine, an alkaloid derived from sadabahar can cause hair loss, constipation, hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the body) and peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage resulting in pain, weakness, etc). Additionally, the consumption of sadabahar petals or leaves in excess can result in unwanted effects like nausea, vomiting, headache and fever10

References

  1. Dr. Anita Kale. (2021). A scientific review on Sadaphuli in Ayurveda. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences, 6(3), 94 – 99. Retrieved from https://www.jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1309 
  1. Radali, Duarah & Gupta, Alka. (2018). Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) Leaves and Lemongrass (Cympoogon citratus): An Analysis of Their Nutritional Composition, Anti-Nutritional Factors and Antioxidant Content. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 7. 2130-2135. 10.20546/ijcmas.2018.706.253. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326643359_Periwinkle_Catharanthus_roseus_Leaves_and_Lemongrass_Cympoogon_citratus_An_Analysis_of_Their_Nutritional_Composition_Anti-Nutritional_Factors_and_Antioxidant_Content 
  1. Nammi, Srinivas et al. “The juice of fresh leaves of Catharanthus roseus Linn. reduces blood glucose in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits.” BMC complementary and alternative medicine vol. 3 (2003): 4. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-3-4. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC194756/pdf/1472-6882-3-4.pdf 
  1. Ara, Naznin et al. “Comparison of hypotensive and hypolipidemic effects of Catharanthus roseus leaves extract with atenolol on adrenaline induced hypertensive rats.” Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciencesvol. 22,3 (2009): 267-71. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19553172/ 
  1. Medina, Alexandre E. “Vinpocetine as a potent antiinflammatory agent.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Americavol. 107, 22 (2010): 9921-2. doi:10.1073/pnas.1005138107. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890434/ 
  1. Tan, Justin J Y et al. “Bioactives in Chinese Proprietary Medicine Modulates 5α-Reductase Activity and Gene Expression Associated with Androgenetic Alopecia.” Frontiers in pharmacology vol. 8 194. 13 Apr. 2017, doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00194. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5390023/
  1. Moudi, Maryam et al. “Vinca alkaloids.” International journal of preventive medicine vol. 4,11 (2013): 1231-5. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883245/ 
  2. Periwinkle. Available at: https://www.organicindiausa.com/blog/benefits-of-madagascar-periwinkle/
  3. Dey, S. (2017) Periwinkle: A herbal powerhouse, Side Effects & DosageHealthXP. Available at: https://healthxp.in/periwinkle-a-herbal-powerhouse-side-effects-dosage/ (Accessed: December 12, 2022).  
  4. Nejat, Naghmeh et al. “Ornamental exterior versus therapeutic interior of Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus): the two faces of a versatile herb.” TheScientificWorldJournal vol. 2015 (2015): 982412. doi:10.1155/2015/982412. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4312627/ 
  5. Loh, Ky. “Know the Medicinal Herb: Catharanthus roseus (Vinca rosea).” Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia vol. 3,2 123. 31 Aug. 2008. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4170313/ 
  6. Periwinkle (pink or white) (catharanthus roseus): Queensland Poisons Information Centre (2017) Children’s Health Queensland. Available at: https://www.childrens.health.qld.gov.au/poisonous-plant-pink-white-periwinkle-catharanthus-roseus/ (Accessed: December 16, 2022).  

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Chicory (Kasani): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

Chicory, kasni, or kasani is a tuberous taproot with rosette leaves grown widely in the winter season, although it originated in Europe. In India, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat account for the maximum cultivation of chicory. The three basic varieties of chicory include radicchio, Belgian endive and puntarelle. Cichorium intybus or chicory is popular owing to its culinary, medicinal, and nutritional qualities found in buds, leaves, and roots. As a herbal remedy, chicory has been used for hundreds of years and continues to be used even today. Let us learn more about chicory’s health benefits and the considerations you need to keep in mind if you’re planning to add chicory to your diet1. 

Nutritional Value of Chicory

Chicory contains a potpourri of nutrients ranging from carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Major Phytochemicals in chicory include tannins, coumarins, flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones, etc. The nutritional chart of chicory is given in the table below.  

Properties of Chicory

Chicory shows numerous scientifically proven properties; some of which are mentioned below: 

Potential Uses of Chicory for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of chicory are described below. 

1. Potential Uses of Chicory on Breast Cancer

breast cancer

The use of dietary components’ inhibitory and protective effects on breast cancer has increased. For example, Henryk et al. conducted a study3 in 1999 to assess the effects of chicory on breast cancer. The study findings show a lower number of rats bearing tumours, indicating that chicory may have anticancer properties towards breast cancer. However, more studies should be conducted on humans to claim these effects. 

2. Potential Uses of Chicory on Gout

gout

Hyperuricemia (Increased production and reduced excretion of uric acid) can result in gout, a type of arthritis which is characterized by redness, pain, and tenderness of joints. Wang et al. conducted a study4 in 2017 that states that chicory may have the potential to reduce uric acid levels. The possible mechanism behind this is the inhibition of the xanthine oxidase enzyme (which converts xanthine to uric acid) and increases the excretion of uric acid. This indicates that the consumption of chicory may potentially manage gout. However, more studies should be done to ascertain these claims with more reliability. 

3. Potential Uses of Chicory in Type-2 Diabetes

diabetes

Type-2 diabetes shows elevated blood glucose levels due to low insulin levels (a hormone that regulates blood glucose) or resistance to insulin. Literature studies5 show that chicory contains inulin (a dietary fibre)) which is known to manage blood glucose levels. Ning et al. conducted a study in rats in 2017 stating chicory inulin may exert an anti-diabetic effect; thus reducing blood glucose. This indicates that the consumption of chicory may help manage blood glucose. However, more studies need to be done to claim these effects in humans. 

4. Potential Uses of Chicory on Lipid Profile

cholesterol

The use of soluble fibers like inulin and their potential to manage lipid profile has received considerable attention. Kim et al. conducted a study in rats in 1998, stating chicory influences the lipid profile and causes an increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or good cholesterol and reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or bad cholesterol. This indicates that chicory may have a positive impact on lipid profile. However, we need more human clinical trials to support these claims6

5. Potential Uses of Chicory on Bone Health

bone health

Bone health can be improved by improving bone mass and mineral density. Literature studies show that dietary carbohydrates and fibers like inulin are known to improve calcium absorption, which may positively impact bone health. In addition, Marcel et al. conducted a study7 in 2002 to assess the effects of chicory inulin on bone mineral density in rats; the findings of this study suggested that chicory inulin increases bone mineral density. This indicates that the consumption of chicory may help improve bone mineral density and, therefore, has the potential to improve bone health. However, more studies should be conducted on humans to claim these results. 

6. Other Potential Uses of Chicory

gut

Though there are studies that show the benefits of chicory in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of chicory on human health.  

The main function of the liver is to clear toxins. However, it’s the liver that is more susceptible to toxicity induced by drugs and other chemicals. This toxicity can lead to various hepatic conditions. In such cases, antioxidant agents can reduce the toxicity of the liver. Chicory is a herb that has various medicinal properties including antioxidant properties. Therefore, chicory might help in reducing hepatic toxicity8.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

How to Use Chicory?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.   

In Ayurveda, Chicory is widely used for its medicinal uses. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, it is primarily used to manage doshas like pitta and kapha. To this list, we can add many other inflammatory conditions9.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Chicory

Cadot et al. in 2003 stated7 chicory can result in an allergic syndrome. The allergic reaction to chicory is manifested by oral, skin-related (urticaria or skin rash) and respiratory symptoms like asthma. 

Other indications of the adverse reactions of the body to chicory are described below:

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to chicory, it is advised to discontinue its intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms. 

Also Read: Almonds: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Precautions to Take with Chicory

Chicory consumption by children, adults and elderly is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions:

Also Read: Dronapushpi (Leucas aspera): Uses, Benefits and Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh 

Interactions with Other Drugs

Chicory is known to interact with drugs used in diabetes, if you take chicory and the prescribed drugs together, this may cause your blood glucose to drop too low. Therefore, it is advised to monitor your blood glucose closely if you are taking chicory.  

Therefore, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of chicory with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking.

Also Read: Sanjivani Vati: Uses, Benefits and Side Effects by Dr. Smita Barode 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the local names of Chicory? 

Chicory or Cichorium intybus is also known as kasni or kasani locally1

What are the different Chicory varieties? 

The three basic varieties of chicory include radicchio, Belgian endive and puntarelle1

What is the benefit of Chicory for weight loss?  

Yes, chicory aids the regulation of ghrelin or the hunger hormone, and increases the feeling of satiety. Thus the consumption of chicory increases satiety, reduces overeating and may help in weight loss. However, scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited and we need further studies to ascertain these effects. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you have any weight-related issues1

Can chicory help manage constipation? 

Yes, inulin in chicory acts as a prebiotic and may help improve digestive health. Additionally, the presence of fibre stimulates gastric acid, improves bowel movements and may help relieve constipation. However, there is a need to conduct more studies to support these claims. It is recommended to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you suffer from constipation1

What are the side effects of Chicory consumption? 

Cadot et al. in 2003 stated7 chicory can result in an allergic syndrome. The allergic reaction to chicory is manifested by oral, cutaneous (urticaria or skin rash) and respiratory symptoms like asthma. Chicory consumption in excess can also result in abdominal pain, flatulence, bloating and other digestive problems, due to a high content of fibre. Additionally, chicory can exaggerate gallstones. However, the exact mechanism behind this is unknown.

References

  1. Pouille, Céline L et al. “Chicory: Understanding the Effects and Effectors of This Functional Food.” Nutrients vol. 14,5 957. 23 Feb. 2022, doi:10.3390/nu14050957. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8912540/ 
  2. Taper HS, Roberfroid M. Influence of inulin and oligofructose on breast cancer and tumor growth. J Nutr. 1999 Jul;129(7 Suppl):1488S-1491S. doi:10.1093/jn/129.7.1488S. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022316623023295
  3. Wang, Yu et al. “Cichorium intybus L. promotes intestinal uric acid excretion by modulating ABCG2 in experimental hyperuricemia.” Nutrition & metabolism vol. 14 38. 13 Jun. 2017, doi:10.1186/s12986-017-0190-6. Available at: https://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12986-017-0190-6 
  4. Ning, Chong et al. “Chicory inulin ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus and suppresses JNK and MAPK pathways in vivo and in vitro.” Molecular nutrition & food research vol. 61,8 (2017): 10.1002/mnfr.201600673. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201600673. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28105758/ 
  5. Kim, M, and H K Shin. “The water-soluble extract of chicory influences serum and liver lipid concentrations, cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations and fecal lipid excretion in rats.” The Journal of nutrition vol. 128,10 (1998): 1731-6. doi:10.1093/jn/128.10.1731. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9772143/ 
  6. Marcel B. Roberfroid, J. Cumps, J. P. Devogelaer, Dietary Chicory Inulin Increases Whole-Body Bone Mineral Density in Growing Male Rats, The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 132, Issue 12, December 2002, Pages 3599–3602, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.12.3599
  7. Cadot, P et al. “Oral allergy syndrome to chicory associated with birch pollen allergy.” International archives of allergy and immunology vol. 131,1 (2003): 19-24. doi:10.1159/000070430. Available at: https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1159/000070430
  8. El-Sayed YS, Lebda MA, Hassinin M, Neoman SA. Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) root extract regulates the oxidative status and antioxidant gene transcripts in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. PLoS One. 2015 Mar 25;10(3):e0121549. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121549. Retraction in: PLoS One. 2017 Mar 6;12(3):e0173587. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173587. PMID: 25807561; PMCID: PMC4373694. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4373694/
  9. Rizvi W, Fayazuddin M, Shariq S, Singh O, Moin S, Akhtar K, Kumar A. Anti-inflammatory activity of roots of Cichorium intybus due to its inhibitory effect on various cytokines and antioxidant activity. Anc Sci Life. 2014 Jul-Sep;34(1):44-9. doi: 10.4103/0257-7941.150780. PMID: 25737610; PMCID: PMC4342649. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4342649/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Benefits of Markatasana (Monkey Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Introduction

Humans are caught up with the rapidly changing life around us. We rarely have time for ourselves, especially for physical and mental health. Due to our busy schedules, we all became lazy and were affected by many illnesses. Living a sedentary lifestyle can have negative consequences on our health. Do not worry; heard of the phrase “Yoga se hi Hoga”? Yoga, a 3000-year-old ancient practice, uses components like asanas and pranayamas to improve physical and mental health. This post will highlight the steps, benefits, and much more of a popular asana called markatasana1. Let us discuss more the Markatasana and its health benefits. 

Did you know?

  • In Indian mythology, many asanas are named after the vanara of the ancient scripture Ramayana. One such asana is markatasana or the monkey pose. 
  • This asana was described for the first time as hatha yoga practice in the 17th century. 
  • This asana signifies a monkey posture, and it is believed that monkeys are easily distracted; there are even terms like “monkey-mind” describing a tendency of the human mind to leap from one object to the other. On the contrary, markatasana is a reclining posture focused on meditative practice. 
  • Mahipal at Ayodhya, India was the one to achieve a world record for the “longest performance of markatasana,” he performed markatasana for one hour and eleven minutes on Jun 21, 2020. 

What is Markatasana?

Markatasana is also called the spinal twist pose, monkey pose, or markat asana. Markatasana is derived from Sanskrit words, “Markat”, meaning monkey, and “asana,” meaning yoga or posture. So, therefore it is also called the monkey pose2,3.

In my opinion, Markatasana may provide the added benefit of stimulating the spinal cord in the cervical area. This gentle yoga posture might provide a boost to the neck region, promoting flexibility and vitality in that part of the spine6.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Do It?

Markatasana yoga must be done properly for maximum health benefits. One may perform Markatasana yoga in the following manner: 

From my perspective, practising Markatasana might help relax the spine, relieving lower back pain, and stretching the muscles in your neck and shoulders. It’s a great yoga pose to try if you’re looking for some relief and relaxation in the mentioned areas6!

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Benefits of Markatasana

Keeping the origin and history in mind, let us discuss some benefits of Markatasana, which will make this asana worth trying. Enlisted below are a few health benefits of Markatasana. 

1. Benefits of Markatasana in Obesity

obesity

A sedentary lifestyle characterized by long periods of inactivity can impair the ability of the body to break down fats. This leads to fat accumulation in the body, increases obesity, and increases the risk of other diseases. Shirley et al. conducted a study3 in 2014 to assess the effect of yoga intervention on obesity. The yoga intervention included asanas like Markatasana, and it was found that it resulted in a reduction in BMI. Additionally, the practice of this asana increases the levels of leptin, a hormone that regulates body weight. Therefore, yogasanas like Markatasana and other asanas may positively impact obesity. However, Markatasana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. Kindly consult a doctor for proper management of obesity. Additionally, it is advised to perform this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer3.

2. Benefits of Markatasana on Lipid Profile

cholesterol

A lipid profile is a blood test done to measure the body’s total cholesterol levels. Determination of cholesterol is important as an elevated level of cholesterol in the body can be a risk factor for various cardiac diseases. A study3 by Shirley et al. in 2014 stated that markatasana might help reduce total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, or bad cholesterol. Furthermore, this asana may help in reducing serum adiponectin and triglycerides. Thus, the Markatasana may positively impact your lipid profile, but depending on this, asana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. Kindly consult your doctor for the proper treatment of an abnormal lipid panel. Additionally, it is recommended to practice this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer3.

3. Benefits of Markatasana in Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) or social phobia is immense nervousness in normal situations due to a fear of being watched by others. This issue is often ignored, and its management is still less understood. Danish et al. conducted a study4 in 2022 to assess the effect of yogasanas like Markatasana on health. A daily thirty-minute practice of asanas like Markatasana positively impacted SAD. Additionally, this asana helped in reducing the severity of bladder shyness and agoraphobia (fear of places or situations). However, it is recommended not to rely on this asana alone and consult a doctor to treat social phobia properly. Additionally, one should have proper training in this asana under the guidance of a qualified trainer4.

4. Benefit of Markatasana on Covid-19

The COVID-19 pandemic, a global crisis, is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Immune-compromised individuals are always at a high risk of infections. Daily performing yogasanas like Markatasana helped build herd immunity, boost overall health immunity, and facilitate recovery. Thus, training Markatasana and other asanas may enhance the immune system and fight infections like COVID-19. But this asana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. So, kindly consult a doctor for proper treatment and not rely on this asana alone. Additionally, one should practice this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer5.

5. Other Benefits of Markatasana

an improper posture

The above-mentioned benefits of Markatasana are done in a limited human population and are purely based on a literature search. Therefore, we need more studies to ascertain these claims in larger populations. 

Yoga exercise may help develop the mind and body; it is not a choice to modern medicine or treatment. Therefore, you must not rely on or depend on Yoga (asanas) alone to treat any condition. Instead, please consult a qualified or ayurvedic doctor who can assess your condition and advise accordingly. Furthermore, it is necessary to perform and learn Yoga under the supervision or guidance of a trained yoga expert to avoid any injuries. 

If you have recently undergone abdominal or back surgery, I may advise you to avoid practising Markatasana. It’s important to seek further guidance and consultation from your doctor before starting this yoga practice6.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Also Read: Benefits of Utthita Parsvakonasana and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht

Risks of Markatasana

Conditions where Markatasana should be performed with caution are:  

Conditions where Markatasana is contraindicated include:  

Also Read: Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana (Swaying Palm Tree Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht  

Conclusion

Markatasana is also called the spinal twist pose or the monkey pose. Markatasana is derived from Sanskrit words, “Markat”, meaning monkey, and “asana,” meaning yoga or posture. So, therefore it is also called the monkey pose. Training this asana may help improve the lipid profile and decrease obesity, social anxiety disorder, and infections like Covid-19. Additionally, this asana may help increase postural stability, improve hand-grip strength, and relax the mind and body. The practice of this asana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. Additionally, the practice of this asana should be performed under the guidance of a qualified trainer. 

Also Read: Benefits of Ardha Halasana (Half Plough Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is Markatasana? 

Markatasana is also called the spinal twist or monkey pose in yoga. Markatasana is derived from Sanskrit words, “Markat”, meaning monkey, and “asana,” meaning yoga or posture. So, therefore it is also called the monkey pose1.

Can the practice of Markatasana yoga help in managing obesity? 

Yes, the practice of Markatasana may help in managing obesity. A study by Shirley et al. in 2014 showed that the markatasana poses reduced BMI, hip and waist circumference, and body weight2

How to do Markatasana? 

One may perform Markatasana in the following manner: 
Roll out a mat and lie on your back with your feet together on the ground. Extend the arms sideways at shoulder level. Next, inhale, bend both knees, and turn both legs to the right side. Rotate your head to the right and gaze at the right hand. This will give a spinal twist towards the right side. Breathe out and repeat the steps with another side (left).

What are the benefits of Markatasana?

The practice of this asana may help improve an abnormal lipid profile, manage obesity, reduce the severity of infections like covid-19 and help manage social anxiety disorder. Additionally, this asana may help increase postural stability, improve hand-grip strength, and relax the mind and body3,5.

What is the Markatasana mythology? 

In Indian mythology, many asanas are named after the vanara of the ancient scripture Ramayana. One such asana is markatasana or the monkey pose. This asana signifies a monkey posture, and it is believed that monkeys are easily distracted; there are even terms like “monkey-mind” describing a tendency of the human mind to leap from one object to the other. On the contrary, markatasana is a reclining posture focused on meditative practice. 

References

  1. Woodyard, Catherine. “Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga and its ability to increase quality of life.” International journal of yoga vol. 4,2 (2011): 49-54. doi:10.4103/0973-6131.85485. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22022122/ 
  2. Dilip et al. Yoga Therapy, Ayurveda, and Western Medicine: A Healthy Convergence. Available at: https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781483464763
  3. Telles, Shirley et al. “A comparative controlled trial comparing the effects of yoga and walking for overweight and obese adults.” Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research vol. 20 894-904. 31 May. 2014, doi:10.12659/MSM.889805. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4051462/ 
  4. Danish Javed, Shweta Mishra, Yoga practices in Social Anxiety Disorder (SAnD): A case report WSR to paruresis, Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine,Volume 13, Issue 3,2022,100622,ISSN 0975-9476. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36087392/
  5. Pal GK. Yoga to Combat and Prevent COVID-19. Int J Clin Exp Physiol. 2020;7(2):46-7. Available at: https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/513
  6. Dadhich D, Baborova M. Yogasanaṃ Parivār: Let Us Dissolve in the Traditional Way of Yoga Again Part Two [Internet]. Jaipur (India): Anliveda Yoga Organics Pvt. Ltd.; [date unknown; cited 2026 Jan 8]. Available from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=7oEmEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA172&lpg=PA172&dq=markatasana.org&source#v=onepage&q&f=false

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana (Swaying Palm Tree Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht  

Introduction

Modern technology has made our life sedentary. Most of us are glued to laptops, smartphones and other gadgets, which is putting us at risk of developing obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, type II diabetes and heart diseases1.

Nowadays, the most common problem faced by men and women of all ages is neck pain and backache because of long hours of incorrect sitting posture, especially in front of the screen. It can further affect the spine’s alignment or stiffness in the surrounding muscles.  

The issues can be resolved by adding a certain amount of physical activity to your lifestyle. The easiest way is to try practising hatha yoga. It includes easy physical postures combined with breathing exercises that improve strength, flexibility, and overall body health2. Hatha yoga has many poses, and one such effective pose is tiryaka tadasana or palm tree yoga. Let us look at how tiryaka tadasana can help us achieve a healthier body! 

Did You Know?

  • The palm tree yoga pose is a beginner-level asana. 
  • It is included in the shankhprakshalana kriya, which is a cleansing technique in hatha yoga practice3.
  • You can add variation in the pose by try balancing the posture on your toes3.
  • The pose has a stimulatory effect on the mooladhara (root chakra) and manipura (solar plexus) chakra of the body3.

What is Tiryaka Tadasana?

The asana tiryaka tadasana is known as the swaying palm tree pose because of its posture. In English, the word ‘tiryaka’ means oblique, ‘tada’ means palm or mountain and ‘asana’ means pose, so it may also be called as an oblique mountain pose or palm tree pose. It is also known as parsva urdhva hastasana or upward salute side bend pose. The palm tree asana is a variant of the tadasana pose in which the body is bent on the sides. It is an excellent stretching pose that adds flexibility in the shoulder, spine and waist region3.

How To Do It?

You can do tiryaka tadasana in the following manner3:

Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana

Some of the tiryaka tadasana benefits are as follows:  

1. Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana for Body Posture

Body balance is important to stay stable in an upright position or while doing other movements. A study2 by Prado et al. in 2014 showed that when men aged 25-55 years, when engaged in 60-minute hatha yoga sessions three times a week for five months, improved their body posture and balance control. The study also showed that it might improve motor coordination and specific movement. Tiryaka tadasana, when performed with other hatha yoga asanas, may benefit the body’s postural balance control and may manage vestibular diseases2. However, more studies are required to check the effect of tiryaka tadasana; therefore, you should consult a doctor if you have postural issues.  

2. Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana for Muscle Flexibility 

Flexibility is the ability of the body to be able to move one or more joints of the body within their optimal range. A study4 by Grabara et al. in 2015 showed that the practice of hatha yoga for 90 minutes a week for 20 weeks had increased the mobility of spinal joints and flexibility of the hamstring muscles in women 50-79 years of age. Tiryaka tadasana being a part of hatha yoga asana, may improve spine flexibility4. However, more studies are required to check if tiryaka tadasana can alone benefit spinal flexibility. Therefore, you must consult a doctor if you experience reduced spinal flexibility.   

From what I have observed so far, Triyaka Tadasana is like a special version of Tadasana that might do something really cool for your waist. It may give it a nice massage, loosens up those muscles, and give them a good workout. Plus, it might help your body balance out the right and left groups of muscles that help you stand up straight. So, it’s like a double charm for your waist and posture3!

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

3. Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana for Back Pain 

The most common reason for back pain is muscle tension. A study5 by Crow et al. in 2015 showed that when you do yoga, your body muscles loosen up, muscle tension and pain reduces. The study shows that hatha yoga may be enough for back pain related to poor posture and stress. It may also improve body awareness, pain acceptance and coping mechanisms5. However, more research is required to understand tiryaka tadasana’s benefits, so you should consult a doctor if you experience back pain because of other medical conditions.  

4. Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana for Intestine 

stomach

Tiryaka tadasana is a part of shankhprakshalana kriya, which the yoga practitioner uses to cleanse the intestine. A study6 by Mashyal et al. in 2014 showed that the shankhprakshalana kriya involves deep stimulation of basic reflexes that result in the cleaning of the intestine. It is then followed by a deep relaxation that results in better intestinal health and may regulate bowel movements6. However, more research is required to understand the exact benefit of the cleansing kriyas and tiryaka tadasana. So, if you have any intestinal discomfort, you should consult a doctor and seek treatment accordingly.  

5. Other Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana

Yoga practice may help develop the mind and body; however, it is still not an alternative to modern medicine. Therefore, you must not rely on yoga alone to treat any condition. Instead, please consult a qualified doctor who can assess your condition and advise accordingly. Moreover, it is necessary to practice and learn yoga under the supervision of a trained yoga teacher to avoid any injuries.  

Based on my experience, I have observed that Triyaka Tadasana might be a superhero pose for your abs. It may help tone and strengthen those rectus muscles, giving you a nice and firm core. But that’s not all. It also might work wonders for your spine by clearing any congestion and restoring its energy8.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Risks of Tiryaka Tadasana

 You must avoid this pose if you have the following conditions: 

Pregnant women shall be careful while performing tiryaka tadasana and must practice under the supervision of a qualified yoga expert.  

With the guidance of a qualified and experienced yoga teacher/yoga expert, we can assess and analyse the risk factors and continue to practice tiryaka tadasana with precautions.  

Also Read: Benefits of Utthita Parsvakonasana and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht

Conclusion

The asana tiryaka tadasana is also known as the swaying palm tree pose. In English, ‘tiryaka’ means oblique, ‘tada’ means palm or mountain and ‘asana’ means posture. The palm tree asana may stimulate the mooladhara (root chakra) and manipura (solar plexus) of the body. Tiryaka tadasana may improve muscle strength, spinal flexibility and postural balance. It may be beneficial for patients who have back pain, intestinal problems, high blood pressure, obesity and postural disorders. People with a hernia, slipped disc, sciatica, spinal injuries and severe cervical and back pain should not do the palm tree pose. Pregnant women must be cautious when doing tiryaka tadasana. It would be best if you did this pose under the guidance of a professional yoga trainer. 

Also Read: Benefits of Ardha Halasana (Half Plough Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are tiryaka tadasana benefits?  

Tiryaka tadasana may be beneficial for patients who have back pain, intestinal problems, high blood pressure, irregular bowel movement, obesity and postural disorders. However, you must consult your doctor if you have symptoms of any such diseases instead of self-medicating.  

How is tiryaka tadasana beneficial for the intestine?  

Tiryaka tadasana is a part of shankhprakshalana kriya that cleanses the intestine and regulate bowel movement. However, you must consult your doctor if you have any symptoms of intestinal disorder6.

Which body chakra is stimulated by tiryaka tadasana? 

Tiryaka tadasana may stimulate the mooladhara (root chakra) and manipura (solar plexus) of the body3.

What are the other names of tiryaka tadasana?  

Tiryaka tadasana is also known as swaying palm tree pose, palm tree yoga, oblique mountain pose and parsva urdhva hastasana or upward salute side-bend pose. 

Who should not perform tiryaka tadasana yoga?  

People with a hernia, slipped disc, sciatica, spinal injuries, severe cervical pain, or severe headache, and those who recently had surgeries on the back, neck, chest, abdomen or legs should not perform tiryaka tadasana pose. 

References

1. Dhuli K, Naureen Z, Medori MC, Fioretti F, Caruso P, Perrone MA, et al. Physical activity for health. J Prev Med Hyg [Internet]. 2022 Oct 17 [cited 2026 Jan 8];63(2 Suppl 3):E150–E159. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9710390/#:~:text=In%20addition%2C%20physical%20inactivity%20not,particularly%20on%20the%20Mediterranean%20diet.

2. Kasse C, Prado E, Raso V, Scharlach R. Hatha yoga on body balance. International Journal of Yoga. 2014;7(2):133. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4097898/ 

3. Swami Satyananda Saraswati. Asana, Pranayama, Mudra, Bandha. Yoga Publications Trust; 1973. Available from: https://www.yogkulam.org/books/Asana.pdf  

4. Grabara M, Szopa J. Effects of hatha yoga exercises on spine flexibility in women over 50 years old. Journal of Physical Therapy Science [Internet]. 2015;27(2):361–5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4339138/ 

5. Crow E, Jeannot E, Trewhela A. Effectiveness of Iyengar yoga in treating spinal (back and neck) pain: A systematic review. International Journal of Yoga. 2015;8(1):3. Available From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4278133/ 

6. Mashyal P, Raghuram N, Bhargav H. Safety and usefulness of Laghu shankha prakshalana in patients with essential hypertension: A self controlled clinical study. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Dec 23]; 5(4):227. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4296435/ 

7. Yang K, James KA. Yoga, as a transitional platform to more active lifestyle: a 6-month pilot study in the USA. Health Promotion International. 2014 Dec 18;31(2):423–9. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/heapro/article/31/2/423/1750098  

8. Jagadish KRI. Nature’s Way: A Guide to Health Through Yoga and Herbal Remedies. New Delhi (India): India Research Press; 2007. Available from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=genPwF_AnZUC&pg=PA419&lpg=PA419&dq=tiryaka+tadasana#v=onepage&q=tiryaka%20tadasana&f=false

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any change

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Benefits of Kandharasana (Shoulder Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Introduction

Yoga, rooted in Indian origin, has gained the limelight over the few years for its numerous health benefits. This 5000-year-old discipline was developed to unite mind and body. There are different forms of yoga but the purpose remains the same. Some yoga styles may be vigorous and intense, while others may be relaxing and meditative. Whatever type, yoga is always a great option for strengthening and stretching the body, focusing the mind and relaxing the spirit. Yoga focuses on asanas (poses) and pranayamas (breathing); one such asana is kandharasana. Here’s what you need to know about kandharasana1.

Did you Know?

What is Kandharasana?

Kandharasana, or shoulder pose yoga, is a yoga posture lifting the spine. The name is rooted in Sanskrit words ‘kandha’, meaning shoulder and ‘asana’, meaning ‘pose or posture’. Chakrasana is the preparatory pose for kandharasana. Any forward bending posture can be performed as a follow-up pose for kandharasana. In chakrasana, the back is arched, the head is lifted from the ground, and the whole body weight is supported on both the hands and legs. Whereas in kandharasana, the head rests on the ground, the chest and buttocks are raised, and the body weight is supported on the shoulders2,3.

How to Do It?

Kandharasana must be done properly for maximum health benefits. One may perform Kandharasana in the following manner3:

When you perform Kandharasana, your back muscles arch upwards that might promote healing. By stretching yourself to your body’s limits, this asana might help in decreasing vertebral disc problems and back pain7.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Benefits of Kandharasana

Some benefits of this pose are as follows: 

1. The Benefit of Kandharasana for Cardiac Health

Cardiac health, or the health of the heart and blood vessels, is central to overall health. It plays an important role in pumping oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to different body parts. Poor cardiac health can be a risk factor for developing cardiac diseases. A study4 conducted by Divya et al. in 2016 stated that the practice of Kandharasana may help reduce heart rate and blood pressure. Additionally, practising it may help improve the heart’s ability to function during mild-moderate intensities. Therefore, Yogasanas like Kandharasana may positively impact cardiac health. However, Kandharasana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. Kindly consult a doctor for proper treatment of any cardiac disorders. Additionally, it is advised to practice this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer4.

2. The Benefit of Kandharasana in Obesity

Obesity is the accumulation of body fat; if not controlled, it may become a risk factor for many diseases. Divya et al. conducted a study4 in 2016 to assess the health benefits of yoga interventions like kandharasana on obesity. The findings of this study showed that 41 days of practice with Kandharasana significantly reduced body weight and body mass index (BMI). Thus, the practice of asanas like Kandharasana may positively impact obesity, but the practice of this asana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. Kindly consult a doctor for the proper management of obesity. Additionally, it is recommended to practice this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer4

3. The Benefit of Kandharasana in the Menstrual Cycle

Menstruation or periods is natural vaginal bleeding that occurs as a part of a woman’s monthly cycle when no pregnancy occurs. Garima et al. conducted a review5 in 2022 to assess the effect of yogasanas like kandharasana on menstruation. The summary estimates of this review supported that the practice of kandharasana may help normalize menstruation. Thus, yogasanas like kandharasana might positively impact menstrual health. However, it is recommended not to rely on this asana alone and consult a doctor for proper treatment of any menstrual abnormalities. Additionally, one should practice this asana under the guidance of a qualified trainer5.

4. Benefit of Kandharasana for the Lungs

Lungs, a pair of air-filled organs located on either side of the chest, are responsible for supplying the body with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. Along with other respiratory system organs (nose, mouth, airways, windpipe, etc.), the lungs help us breathe. Divya et al. conducted a study4 in 2016 to assess the effect of yoga interventions on the respiration system. Forty-one days of practicing yoga asanas like kandharasana increased the amount of oxygen in the body, thus improving breathing. Thus, the practice of kandharasana may positively impact the respiratory system, but the practice of this asana should not be considered an alternative to modern medicine. So, kindly consult a doctor for proper treatment of any respiratory issues, and do not rely on this asana alone. Additionally, one should practice this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer4

5. Benefit of Kandharasana for Lipid Profile

cholesterol

Hyperlipidemia is the elevation in lipid components like triglycerides, total cholesterol and reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein. A study4 by Divya et al. in 2015 stated that the practice of yogasanas like kandharasana resulted in a significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and bad cholesterol. Additionally, kandharasana improved the level of good cholesterol in the body. This indicates that yogasanas like kandharasana may have a positive impact on hyperlipidemia. However, it is advised to consult a doctor to manage hyperlipidemia and not rely on this asana alone. Additionally, it is recommended to practice this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer4.

6. Benefit of Kandharasana for Thyroid Gland

thyroid

The thyroid gland helps regulate different body functions like metabolism, growth and development by releasing thyroid hormones in the blood. Iodine is an important element required for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Iodine deficiency can result in a decreased synthesis of thyroid hormone; this condition is called hypothyroidism. A review6 done by Mohan et al. in 2022 stated that yogasanas like kandharasana might help manage hypothyroidism. Kandharasana activates the throat chakra (vishuddha chakra), which may improve the functioning of the thyroid gland and increase iodine availability in the body. This indicates that kandharasana may positively impact hypothyroidism. However, further studies need to be done to support these claims. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper treatment of hypothyroidism and not rely on this asana alone. Additionally, one must perform this asana under the supervision of a qualified trainer6.

7. Other Benefits of Kandharasana

digestive system

Note- The above-mentioned benefits of kandharasana are not proven in any human study yet, and are based on a literature search.  

Yoga practice may help develop the mind and body; however, it is still not an alternative to modern medicine. Therefore, you must not rely on Yoga alone to treat any condition. Instead, please consult a qualified doctor who will be able to assess your condition correctly and advise accordingly. Moreover, it is necessary to practice and learn Yoga under the supervision of a trained yoga teacher to avoid any injuries. 

I would highly recommend that you should perform Kandharasana either before or after any forward-bend position. Kandharasana usually acts as a preparatory pose for chakrasana. To avail maximum benefits, you can do three rounds of kandharasana or more according to your level of physical fitness7.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Risks of Kandharasana

Conditions, where kandharasana should be performed with caution are:  

Conditions, where kandharasana is contraindicated include3:

Also Read: Benefits of Markatasana (Monkey Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Ankit Sankhe

Conclusion

Kandharasana, or shoulder pose yoga, is a posture lifting the spine. The name is rooted in Sanskrit words ‘kandha,’ meaning shoulder, and ‘asana,’ meaning ‘pose or posture.’ Chakrasana is the preparatory pose for kandharasana. Any forward bending posture can be performed as a follow-up pose for kandharasana The practice of this asana may help improve lipid profile, menstrual cycle, breathing, manage obesity and improve cardiac health. Additionally, this asana may help improve digestion, strengthen shoulders, improve postural stability and may provide relief from back pain, stress and anxiety.    

Also Read: Benefits of Tiryaka Tadasana (Swaying Palm Tree Pose) and How to Do it By Dr. Himani Bisht  

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the meaning of kandharasana in Sanskrit? 

Kandharasana, or shoulder pose yoga, is a posture lifting the spine. The name is rooted in Sanskrit words ‘kandha,’ meaning shoulder, and ‘asana,’ meaning ‘pose or posture.’ Chakrasana is the preparatory pose for kandharasana. Any forward bending posture can be performed as a follow-up pose for kandharasana.  In chakrasana, the back is arched, the head is lifted from the ground, and the whole body weight is supported on both the hands and legs. Whereas in kandharasana, the head rests on the ground, the chest and buttocks are raised, and the body weight is supported on the shoulders1.

What is the preparatory pose for kandharasana? 

Chakrasana is the preparatory pose for kandharasana2.

How to do kandharasana? 

First, lie flat on your back on a mat. Next, take a deep breath and bend your knees, and place your feet flat on the mat with your heels touching your buttocks. Ensure your feet and knees are hip-width apart.  Now, try to touch the ankles with your hands. This is the starting position. Next, slightly raise your buttocks and try to arch the back upward. Slowly lift your chest as high as possible, and avoid straining and moving the feet or shoulders. In this final position, your body will be supported by the head, neck, shoulders, arms, and feet. Breathe slowly and deeply and hold this pose for as long as possible.  Breathe out and return to the initial position, and practice for four-five rounds3.

What are the benefits of kandharasana? 

The practice of this asana may help improve lipid profile, breathing, cardiac health, and menstrual cycle and manage obesity and hypothyroidism. Additionally, this asana may help improve digestion, reduce stress and anxiety, relieve back pain, strengthen shoulders and improve postural alignment2,6

Which chakras are activated by kandharasana? 

The practice of Kandharasana is known to activate the third eye chakra (Ajna chakra), crown chakra (Sahasrara chakra), solar plexus (Manipura chakra) and throat chakra (Vishuddha chakra). 

References

  1. Why You Should Try Yoga – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center. Available at: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1&contentid=2767 (Accessed: December 23, 2022).  
  1.  Kandharasana, Yogasmic. Available at: https://www.yogasmic.in/kandharassna/
  1. Swami Satyananda Saraswati. Asana Prayanama Mudra Bandha. Yoga Publication trust Bihar: India.1996; 201-203. Available at: https://www.yogkulam.org/books/Asana.pdf
  1. Divya, T Satheesh et al. “Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic Effects of Yoga in Healthy Volunteers.” International journal of yoga vol. 10,3 (2017): 115-120. doi:10.4103/0973-6131.186162. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5793005/ 
  1. Garima & Tiwari, Mamta & Scholar, D. (2022). YOGA THERAPY FOR MENSTRUAL WELLNESS. 9. 849-853. Available at:  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363535339_YOGA_THERAPY_FOR_MENSTRUAL_WELLNESS 
  1. Mohan, Shuchi & PAL, RAMESWAR. (2022). Effect of yogic practices on thyroid hormones: A review. BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences. 7. 10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_23_21. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358499692_Effect_of_yogic_practices_on_thyroid_hormones_A_review 
  2. Rishikul Yogshala. Top 7 health benefits of Kandharasana (Shoulder Pose) [Internet]. [place unknown]: Rishikul Yogshala; [date unknown; cited 2026 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.rishikulyogshala.org/blog/top-7-health-benefits-of-kandharasana-shoulder-pose/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability, or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation of the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Cowpeas (Chawli): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More  By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

Cowpea, an annual legume, is locally known as lobiya, crowder pea, coupe, southern pea, and black-eyed pea (due to a black scar or mark on its seed). Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. or cowpea, belongs to the Fabaceae family. Cowpea originated in Africa, although worldwide production has increased drastically over the past few years. In India, Uttar Pradesh is the leading producer of cowpeas, followed by Punjab, Haryana and Delhi. These are warm-season legumes (plants belonging to the Fabaceae family) with different varieties depending on the seed colour and type. A few of the varieties available in the market include brown eye, black eye, purple eye, crowder cowpeas etc. These are also called “hungry-season crop” as it was the first crop to be harvested before the cereal crops. Cowpeas leaves, fresh or dried seeds and pods containing seeds all are used as a nutritional component for livestock feed and the human diet. Let us learn more about the health benefits of adding cowpeas (dried seeds) to your dietary routine1

Nutritional Value of Cowpeas

Cowpeas are rich in proteins, fibers, vitamins like Vitamins A, C, E, and minerals like copper, iron, calcium, manganese, magnesium, sodium, etc.  The nutrients present in 100g of cowpeas are mentioned below: 

Properties of Cowpeas

Scientifically proven properties of cowpeas include:

Potential Uses of Cowpeas for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of cowpeas are described as under:  

1. Potential Uses of Cowpeas on Type-2 Diabetes

diabetes

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood glucose, and there has been growing interest in testing the potential of plant parts for managing diabetes. Barnes et al. conducted a study2 in 2015 that provides evidence of cowpeas as potential anti-diabetic agents. The anti-diabetic effect is attributed to the presence of cowpea protein molecules similar to insulin obtained from the pancreas of cows and pigs. This indicates that the consumption of cowpeas may manage diabetes. However, more human clinical trials should be conducted to ascertain these claims.

2. Potential Uses of Cowpeas on Hypertension

blood pressure

Hypertension or high blood pressure is defined as systolic blood pressure >130mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >80mmHg. Hypertension is majorly managed by the use of drugs called ACE   inhibitors, which work by relaxing arteries and veins and reducing blood pressure. ACE is an enzyme (angiotensin-converting enzyme), which acts as a vasoconstrictor (substance that increases blood pressure). The inhibition of this enzyme will help reduce blood pressure. Renhart et al., 2014 conducted a study3 identifying a dipeptide from cowpeas with antihypertensive (blood pressure-reducing) properties similar to ACE inhibitors. Therefore, cowpeas may have the potential to manage high blood pressure, but we need more studies to assess these claims in humans. 

3. Potential Uses of Cowpeas on Lipid Profile

cholesterol

Literature studies state cowpeas may help in improving the lipid profile. A study4 conducted by Frota et al. in 2015 showed that the consumption of cowpeas by 38 patients with high total cholesterol levels positively impacted their lipid profile. Consumption of cowpeas showed a reduction in total cholesterol, bad cholesterol and an increase in good cholesterol. This indicates that cowpeas may improve abnormal lipid profiles. However, studies including more patients should be conducted to increase the reliability of these results. 

4. Potential Uses of Cowpeas on Under Nutrition

cowpeas
Image Source: freepik.com

Broadly, undernutrition is categorized into stunting, underweight, wasting, and micronutrient-related deficiency. Indi et al. conducted a clinical trial5 in 2015 in Malawian children. Results show cowpeas, due to their high nutritional content, may help reduce stunting and improve children’s growth. This indicates that cowpeas may help improve undernutrition to an extent by reducing stunting and improving overall growth. However, we need more studies to be conducted globally to claim these results.

5. Potential Uses of Cowpeas on Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is characterized by weak and brittle bones. It shows manifestations of lower back pain, fractures, and a stooped spine (hump-like structure). Although it is common in men and women, women after menopause are at an increased risk of osteoporosis due to a deficiency of hormones like estrogen. Yongsoon et al. conducted a study6 in 2013 to assess the effects of cowpeas on rat bones. The findings of this study showed that a diet containing cowpeas significantly improved bone mineral density and bone volume. These findings suggest that cowpeas can help in osteoporosis. However, to claim these effects in humans, we need more studies.

6. Other Potential Uses of Cowpeas

constipation

Though there are studies that show the benefits of cowpeas in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of cowpeas on human health.  

I read an article that suggests you may maintain a healthy weight by eating cowpeas. Cowpeas are a good source of both soluble and insoluble fibre, which aids the body in controlling weight. Cowpeas’ high-quality, slow-digesting carbohydrates along with the protein also contribute to a feeling of satiety1.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

How to Use Cowpeas?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.  

Let me tell you the surprising facts about cowpeas. For men, a half-cup portion of cowpeas provides 40% of the daily required intake while for women, 52%. Cowpeas’ protein may contribute to an increase in energy levels.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Cowpeas

A few side effects related to the consumption of cowpeas include: 

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to cowpeas, it is advised to discontinue its intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms. 

In my experience, a serving of cowpeas contains 13% of the daily recommended amount of vitamin A. By potentially defending your corneas, assisting your body in producing eye lubricant and supporting retina function, vitamin A enhances the health of your eyes.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Precautions to Take with Cowpeas

Eating cowpeas is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions: 

Also Read: Shatavari (Asparagus): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

You must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of cowpeas with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking.

Also Read: Mushroom (Khumbi): Uses, Benefits, Side effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the scientific name of cowpeas?

The scientific name of cowpeas is Vigna unguiculata L. Walp

What are the varieties of cowpeas available in the market? 

Depending on the seed colour and type, varieties available in the market include brown eye, black eye, purple eye, crowder cowpeas, etc.

Can cowpeas help manage insomnia?  

Yes, cowpeas contain the amino acid tryptophan which helps in the formation of melatonin in the body. Melatonin may help improve sleep patterns and help in insomnia. However, more studies are needed to support these claims. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you suffer from insomnia.

Can cowpeas help manage constipation? 

Yes, cowpeas are rich in fibre which helps in improving digestion and helps manage constipation. However, scientific evidence supporting this is limited and we need more studies to support these claims. It is recommended to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you have constipation.

What are the side effects of cowpeas? 

Ndubuaku VO et al. in 1989 stated that consumption of cowpeas can result in abdominal discomfort, vomiting, diarrhoea, indigestion, sleepiness, etc7

References

  1. Jayathilake C, Visvanathan R, Deen A, Bangamuwage R, Jayawardana BC, Nammi S, Liyanage R. Cowpea: an overview on its nutritional facts and health benefits. J Sci Food Agric. 2018 Oct;98(13):4793-4806. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9074. Epub 2018 Jun 30. PMID: 29656381. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29656381/
  2. Barnes MJ, Uruakpa FO, Udenigwe C. Influence of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) peptides on insulin resistance. J Nutr Health Food Sci. 2015;3:1–3. doi:10.15226/jnhfs.2015.00144. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280312479_Influence_of_cowpea_Vigna_unguiculata_peptides_on_insulin_resistance
  3. Olagunju AI, Omoba OS, Enujiugha VN, Alashi AM, Aluko RE. Antioxidant properties, ACE/renin inhibitory activities of pigeon pea hydrolysates and effects on systolic blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Aug 22;6(7):1879-1889. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.740. PMID: 30349677; PMCID: PMC6189607. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6189607/
  4. Liyanage R, Perera O, Lakmini GWAS, Weththasinghe P, Visvanathan R, Jayathilake C, Jayawardana BC, Vidanarachchi J, Sivakanesan R. Boiled, sprouted, and raw cowpea-incorporated diets modulate high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats. Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Aug 13;6(6):1762-1769. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.727. PMID: 30258621; PMCID: PMC6145219. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145219/
  5. Stephenson KB, Agapova SE, Divala O, Kaimila Y, Maleta KM, Thakwalakwa C, Ordiz MI, Trehan I, Manary MJ. Complementary feeding with cowpea reduces growth faltering in rural Malawian infants: a blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Dec;106(6):1500-1507. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.160986. Epub 2017 Nov 1. PMID: 29092882; PMCID: PMC6482976. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6482976/
  6. Lee SH, Jin N, Paik DJ, Kim DY, Chung IM, Park Y. Consumption of legumes improves certain bone markers in ovariectomized rats. Nutr Res. 2011 May;31(5):397–403. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2011.04.006. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0271531711000881
  7. Ndubuaku VO, Uwaegbute AC, Nnanyelugo DO. Flatulence and other discomforts associated with consumption of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Appetite. 1989 Dec;13(3):171-81. doi: 10.1016/0195-6663(89)90010-x. PMID: 2596840. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2596840/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.  

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Lotus Seed: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

Lotus seed is a quick snack to munch on while watching a movie. Lotus seed is also known as lotus nut or kamal seed. The scientific name of lotus seeds is Nelumbinis semen, derived from the lotus plant, Nelumba nucifera. It has been a functional food, medicine and vegetable for about 7000 years. There are two types of dried lotus seeds, one with white peel and the other with brown peel. Lotus seeds have been extensively produced and cultivated in India, Japan and China. Lotus food has been approved as food and medicine by ‘Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China’. Lotus seeds have fewer calories and are a host of nutrients; therefore, they play an essential part in the functions of the body1. Let us look at some of the health benefits of lotus seeds. 

Did you know?

Nutritional Value of Lotus Seed

Lotus seeds may contain several bioactive compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, triterpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, essential oils and many more. Below are the nutritional components of Lotus seeds:

Properties of Lotus Seed

Several studies have shown that lotus seed may have the following properties: 

Beta-galactosidase, a compound found in lotus seeds, can break the lactose molecule of milk and make it lactose-free. From my experience, the combination of lotus seeds and milk may aid lactose-intolerant people7.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Potential Uses of Lotus Seed for Overall Health

Some of the potential uses of lotus seed are: 

1. Potential use of lotus seed for weight management

weight management

Excess weight in the body is due to adipocytes (fat cells). A study1 by Achike et al. in 2011 showed that lotus seeds may inhibit the formation of fat cells and reduce the weight of the fat tissues. In addition, polyphenols found in lotus seeds may improve the lipid profile in the body. However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can help to manage weight. Therefore, you must consult your dietician before making any diet changes. 

From my perspective, lotus seeds might be your ally in your weight loss journey. Studies9 suggest that the resistant starch from lotus seed has the potential to decrease the blood sugar level and hence may aid in managing weight.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

2. Potential use of lotus seed for Alzheimer’s disease

alzheimer

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder which results in memory loss and other mental impairments. Lotus seeds may have neuro-protective effects i.e, it may protect the nerve cells from damage as in the case of Alzheimer’s disease. A study1 by Kim et al. in 2014 showed that proanthocyanidins in lotus seeds may reduce brain ageing and cognitive impairment. In addition, lotus seeds may reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by decreasing the harmful free radicals and accumulation of unnecessary calcium. However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can be beneficial in improving the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. You must consult your doctor if you suspect any symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. 

3. Potential use of lotus seed for depression

depression

A study1 by Sugimoto et al. in 2008 showed that bioactive compounds like saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins may help to reduce anxiety and depression. The alkaloids in lotus seeds may increase the time of sleep. Getting good sleep may help manage depression. However, these studies were conducted on mice. Further studies on humans are required to check if lotus seeds may be beneficial for anxiety and depression. 

4. Potential use of lotus seed for microbial infections

infection

A study1 by Tang et al. in 2017 showed that lotus seeds may have anti-microbial properties. Lotus seeds may disrupt the structure and function of the plasma membrane. Additionally, lotus seeds may inhibit the growth of Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli., Klebsiella sp., Shigella, and Pseudomonas sp. However, more studies are required to confirm if lotus seeds can be used for microbial infections. You must consult your doctor if you experience any microbial infection. 

5. Potential use of lotus seed for type I and II diabetes

diabetes

A study3 by Mani et al. in 2010 showed that lotus seed might be used in the case of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Various minerals present in lotus seeds may be beneficial for diabetes. For example, zinc in lotus seeds reduces oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes patients and transports glucose to the cells in type 2 diabetes patients. Chromium may increase the number of insulin receptors and glucose metabolism, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can help to reduce blood glucose levels. You must check your blood sugar levels regularly and consult your doctor in case of abnormal blood sugar levels. 

6. Potential use of lotus seed for cancer

cancer

A study4 by Poornima et al. in 2013 showed that lotus seeds might act against lung cancer. A bioactive compound, nepherine in lotus seed, may kill the cancer-causing cell (apoptosis) and inhibit their growth. However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds may act against cancer. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you suspect cancer instead of self-medicating. 

7. Potential use of lotus seed to relieve pain

body pain and aches

A study5 by Chakravarthi et al. in 2009 showed that the flavonoids in the lotus seeds might help to relieve pain. Lotus seeds may inhibit the cyclooxygenase enzyme, which is responsible for releasing pain mediators. However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can help relieve pain. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you experience prolonged pain. 

8. Potential use of lotus seed as an antioxidant

liver health

A study6 by Rai et al. in 2006 showed that flavonoids in lotus seeds might be responsible for their antioxidant potential. The flavonoids may destabilize the harmful free radicals (molecules in the body) and reduce oxidative stress by removing the free radicals from the body. This would reduce the risk of several diseases like diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, etc1. However, more studies are required to check the antioxidant potential of lotus seeds. 

Though studies show the benefits of lotus seed in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of lotus seed on human health. 

How to Use Lotus Seed?

You can consume lotus seeds in the following ways: 

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking lotus seeds in large quantities or any herbal supplements. Likewise, do not discontinue or replace an ongoing modern medical treatment with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

Lotus seeds are known as a rich source of a compound, phytosterol. I recently read an article suggesting regular consumption of lotus seeds as phytosterol helps to lower cholesterol levels. From my perspective, lotus seeds might be a saviour to help cope with heart diseases8.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Lotus Seed

Excessive consumption of lotus seed may cause the following side effects: 

If you notice any allergic reaction to consuming lotus seed, seek immediate medical attention. First, consult your ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you; they will be able to identify the cause and treat it effectively. 

Also Read: Fennel (Saunf) Seeds: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and more!

Precautions to Take with Lotus Seed

You must take the following precautions before consuming lotus seeds: 

Consult your doctor before consuming lotus seeds if you have any pre-existing diseases. 

Also Read: Flax seeds (Alsi): Research-Backed Health Benefits

Interactions with Other Drugs

Lotus seeds may interact with diabetic medicines like insulin. You must consult your doctor before you consume lotus seeds if you are on diabetic medicines.

Also Read: Lotus Stem: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the uses of lotus seeds? 

Lotus seeds may be used to relieve pain, manage weight and reduce blood sugar levels. It may be used to reduce depression and anxiety. Lotus seeds can be used for microbial infections, cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, lotus seeds can be used to protect the liver1,6. You must consult your doctor if you suspect any of the mentioned conditions instead of self-medicating.  

Can lotus seeds be used to manage weight? 

Yes, lotus seeds are used to manage weight. Lotus seeds may inhibit the formation of fat cells (adipocytes) and reduce the weight of the fat tissues1. However, you must consult your dietician before making any diet changes. 

Which drugs interact with lotus seeds? 

Lotus seeds may interact with diabetic medicines like insulin. You must consult your doctor before you consume lotus seeds if you are on diabetic medicines. 

How can you consume lotus seeds? 

Lotus seeds can be consumed as cooked, uncooked, ripened or raw. Lotus seeds can be used as roasted or ground and boiled into syrups1. You must consult a qualified doctor before taking lotus seeds in large quantities. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

What are the side effects of lotus seeds? 

Excessive consumption of lotus seeds may cause side effects. If you are allergic to nuts and seeds, you may also be allergic to lotus seeds. Lotus seeds may cause constipation, flatulence and bloating. If you notice any allergic reaction to consuming lotus seed, seek immediate medical attention. First, consult your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you; they will be able to identify the cause and treat it effectively. 

References

  1. Arooj M, Imran S, Inam‐ur‐Raheem M, Rajoka MS, Sameen A, Siddique R, Sahar A, Tariq S, Riaz A, Hussain A, Siddeeg A. Lotus seeds (Nelumbinis semen) as an emerging therapeutic seed: A comprehensive review. Food Science & Nutrition. 2021 Jul;9 (7):3971-87. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fsn3.2313 
  2. Soumya H, Rachana S, Jasnoor K. A Review on Health Benefits of Lotus Seeds (Nelumbo nucifera). 2019 Dec; 5. 92-96. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337856597_A_Review_on_Health_Benefits_of_Lotus_Seeds_Nelumbo_nucifera 
  3. Mani SS, Subramanian IP, Pillai SS, Muthusamy K. Evaluation of hypoglycemic activity of inorganic constituents in Nelumbo nucifera seeds on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Biological trace element research. 2010 Dec;138 (1):226-37. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12011-010-8614-4 
  4. Poornima P, Weng CF, Padma VV. Neferine, an alkaloid from lotus seed embryo, inhibits human lung cancer cell growth by MAPK activation and cell cycle arrest. Biofactors. 2014 Jan;40 (1):121-31. Available from: https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/biof.1115 
  5. Chakravarthi PV, Gopakumar N, Nair AM, Joy AD. Assessment of analgesic activity of red and white lotus seeds (Nelumbo nucifera) in albino rats. Journal of Natural Remedies. 2009 Jun 1:224-7. Available from: https://indianjournalsonline.com/index.php/jnr/article/download/244/244 
  6. Zhu M, Liu T, Zhang C, Guo M. Flavonoids of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Seed Embryos and Their Antioxidant Potential. J Food Sci. 2017 Aug;82(8):1834-1841. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13784. Epub 2017 Jun 20. PMID: 28631810. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28631810/
  7. Zhong A, Katrolia P, Zhu C, Kopparapu NK. Preparation of low lactose prebiotic milk using β‑galactosidase from lotus seeds (Nelumbo nucifera). International Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2023;58(5):2609–2617. doi:10.1111/ijfs.16413 [cited 2026 Jan 6]. Available from: https://ifst.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ijfs.16413
  8. Liu D, Pi J, Zhang B, Zeng H, Li C, Xiao Z, Fang F, Liu M, Deng N, Wang J. Phytosterol of lotus seed core powder alleviates hypercholesterolemia by regulating gut microbiota in high‑cholesterol diet‑induced C57BL/6J mice. Food Bioscience. 2023;51:102279. doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102279 [cited 2026 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212429222007386
  9. Punia Bangar S, Dunno K, Kumar M, Mostafa H, Maqsood S. A comprehensive review on lotus seeds (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.): Nutritional composition, health‑related bioactive properties, and industrial applications. Journal of Functional Foods. 2022;89:104937. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2022.104937 [cited 2026 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175646462200007X

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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