• About Us
• Our Editorial Policy
• Medicines
  • Generic Medicines
• Lab Tests
  • Full Body Checkup
• Healthcare Products
• Conditions
• Doctor Consultation

PharmEasy Blog

Low HDL (Good) Cholesterol: Causes, Symptoms & How to Increase It

Introduction

Most of us have heard people talk about the dangers of high cholesterol. But have you heard about problems caused by low cholesterol? Yes, that can happen too, especially with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL), often called the good cholesterol, and yes, it deserves attention! 

Cholesterol is a fatty substance that is essential for many important functions in the body. It helps maintain the structure and flexibility of cell membranes. It also plays a key role in producing vitamin D, hormones such as cortisol and testosterone, and bile acids that aid digestion and the absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K. Since cholesterol does not dissolve easily in blood, it is transported through the bloodstream by lipoproteins (biochemical molecules made of protein and fat) such as HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), which together contribute to total cholesterol levels. Abnormal levels of any of these lipoproteins can lead to health problems, particularly those related to heart health¹.

In this blog, we will explore what HDL cholesterol low means, its causes, symptoms, risks, and effective ways to increase it naturally and maintain better heart health. 

What Is HDL Cholesterol and Why Is It Called Good Cholesterol?

As discussed, cholesterol travels through the bloodstream with the help of lipoproteins. Among these, LDL and HDL are the two main types. 

• LDL, or low-density lipoprotein, is often referred to as the bad cholesterol because high levels can cause cholesterol to build up in the arteries. This could increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. 
• HDL, or high-density lipoprotein, also called as the ‘good’ cholesterol helps remove excess cholesterol from different parts of the body and carries it back to the liver. The liver then processes and removes this cholesterol from the body, helping protect the heart and blood vessels².

What Are Normal vs Low HDL Cholesterol Levels?

The following table provides the average values for optimal HDL cholesterol levels⁴. 

Note: Results may vary from person to person and should always be interpreted by a doctor. 

What If HDL Cholesterol Is Low?

Low HDL cholesterol means the body is becoming less effective at clearing excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. This can increase the risk of plaque buildup in the arteries, coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke⁵.

Important: Low HDL is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease⁵.

Low HDL Cholesterol Symptoms

HDL cholesterol low usually does not cause noticeable symptoms in most people and is often detected during a routine blood test. However, certain underlying conditions associated with low HDL may show physical signs that can indicate an increased cardiovascular risk. 

Some low HDL cholesterol symptoms include⁶:

• Excess fat accumulation around the abdomen or waist area 
• Skin tags and acanthosis nigricans (dark, thickened skin patches) (commonly linked with insulin resistance) 
• Xanthomas and xanthelasma, which are yellowish fatty deposits under the skin or around the eyes  
• Corneal opacity (or arcus corneae), which appears as greyish-white rings around the cornea 
• Enlarged tonsils, lymph nodes, liver, or spleen in rare inherited disorders such as Tangier disease 

Low HDL Cholesterol Causes

The answer to why HDL cholesterol is low can lie in several medical, genetic, and medication-related factors. Certain low HDL cholesterol causes include⁶: 

• Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance: These conditions may affect how the body processes fats and sugars, which can lower HDL cholesterol levels. 
• Metabolic syndrome: A group of conditions including high blood sugar, high blood pressure, excess belly fat, and abnormal cholesterol levels that increase heart disease risk. 
• Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid gland can slow cholesterol metabolism and contribute to low HDL levels. 
• Liver disease: Since the liver plays a major role in cholesterol production and removal, liver disorders can affect HDL cholesterol levels. 
• Chronic inflammatory conditions: Long-term inflammation in the body may interfere with normal cholesterol breakdown and reduce HDL levels. 

Some inherited disorders affect cholesterol metabolism and lead to very low HDL levels. These include⁶: 

• Familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia 
• Familial HDL deficiency 
• Tangier disease 
• Fish-Eye disease 

Note: Certain medications may also contribute to low HDL cholesterol levels, including beta blockers and anabolic steroids. 

Risk Factors of Low HDL Cholesterol

Many lifestyle factors can affect HDL cholesterol levels in the body. Common risk factors of low HDL cholesterol include⁶:

• Obesity and excess body weight 
• Physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle 
• Smoking and tobacco use 
• Unhealthy diet (especially one high in simple sugars and trans fats) 

Diagnosis of Low HDL Cholesterol

 Low HDL cholesterol is usually diagnosed through a fasting lipid profile blood test, which measures⁶:

• Total cholesterol 
• HDL (good) cholesterol 
• LDL (bad) cholesterol 
• Triglyceride levels 

In some cases, additional tests such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) may be used to measure lipoprotein particle numbers, although these tests are not routinely used. 

Doctors may also recommend other investigations to identify underlying causes associated with low HDL cholesterol. These may include⁶:

• Blood sugar tests to check for diabetes or metabolic syndrome. 
• Kidney function tests and urinalysis if genetic conditions such as Fish-Eye disease are suspected. 
• Evaluation for thyroid or liver disorders that may affect cholesterol metabolism. 

Note: Although these signs may occur in some cases, HDL cholesterol low itself is usually ‘silent.’ Regular cholesterol screening is therefore important for early detection and management. 

Low HDL Cholesterol Treatment

There is currently no specific treatment recommended solely to increase HDL cholesterol levels. Instead, management mainly focuses on reducing overall cardiovascular risk and improving heart health through lifestyle changes. 

However, some cholesterol-lowering medications, such as statins, may slightly increase HDL levels while effectively lowering LDL cholesterol. Another medication called niacin might significantly raise HDL cholesterol levels; however, studies have shown limited additional cardiovascular benefit when added to standard statin therapy⁶.

Important: Do not self-medicate or start any cholesterol-lowering medicines or supplements without consulting a doctor. Proper medical evaluation and guidance are important to determine the underlying cause of low HDL cholesterol and the most appropriate treatment approach. 

How to Increase HDL Cholesterol?

Making healthy lifestyle changes can help improve HDL cholesterol levels and support overall heart health. Some effective ways to increase HDL cholesterol include²:

1. Eat a Heart-Healthy Diet

Choose healthy unsaturated fats over saturated and trans fats. We will discuss more dietary options in the next section. 

2. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Losing excess weight (especially around the waist) can help raise HDL cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk. 

3. Exercise Regularly

Regular physical activity, especially aerobic exercises such as walking, jogging, cycling, or swimming, can help increase HDL cholesterol while lowering LDL (bad) cholesterol. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise on most days of the week. 

4. Quit Smoking and Avoid Tobacco Exposure

Smoking lowers HDL cholesterol levels and damages blood vessels. Quitting smoking can improve HDL levels and overall heart health. 

5. Limit Excess Sugar and Refined Carbohydrates

Reducing sugary foods, sweetened beverages, and refined carbohydrates may help improve HDL cholesterol levels. 

6. Limit Alcohol Intake

Excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to weight gain and negatively affect cholesterol levels. So, alcohol should only be consumed in moderation, if at all. 

Foods That Help Increase HDL Cholesterol

Including heart-healthy foods in your daily diet may help improve HDL cholesterol levels and support overall cardiovascular health. Some beneficial food options include: 

• Healthy fats: Olive oil, avocados, nuts, seeds, and fatty fish such as salmon and tuna contain healthy unsaturated fats that may help improve HDL levels^2,7.
• Fiber-rich foods: Oats, whole grains, beans, lentils, fruits, and vegetables help support healthy cholesterol balance and heart health^2,7.
• Omega-3-rich foods: Flaxseeds, walnuts, and fatty fish are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which may support healthy cholesterol levels^2,7.
• Lean protein sources: Skinless poultry, fish, legumes, and plant-based proteins are healthier alternatives to processed and high-fat meats^7,8.
• Antioxidant-rich foods: Berries, apples, tomatoes, and other colourful fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants that support cardiovascular health⁹.

At the same time, it is important to limit fried foods, processed snacks, sugary foods, trans fats, and excessive saturated fats, as these may negatively affect cholesterol levels and heart health².

Complications of Low HDL Cholesterol

Low HDL cholesterol can increase the risk of several health complications, particularly those related to heart and blood vessel health. Possible complications include⁶:

• Increased inflammation and oxidative stress: Reduced HDL may decrease the body’s ability to protect blood vessels from inflammation and damage. 
• Impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance: Low HDL levels are often associated with conditions such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. 
• Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Increased buildup of cholesterol and plaque in the arteries, which may raise the risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. 
• Higher risk of cognitive decline: Low HDL cholesterol may also be linked with vascular and neuroinflammatory changes that might affect brain health and cognitive function over time. 

When to Consult a Doctor?

Regular health checkups and lipid profile testing can help detect low HDL cholesterol early and reduce the risk of future heart-related complications. You should consult a doctor if you: 

• Have a family history of high cholesterol, heart disease, or stroke 
• Are overweight or physically inactive 
• Have diabetes, high blood pressure, thyroid disorders, or liver disease 
• Smoke or use tobacco products 
• Notice any low HDL cholesterol symptoms 
• Have abnormal cholesterol levels on a blood test^2,6 

Also Read: High LDL (Bad) Cholesterol: Causes, Symptoms & How to Reduce It 

Conclusion

HDL, or good cholesterol, plays an important role in protecting heart health by helping remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Low HDL cholesterol levels may increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other metabolic complications, especially when combined with unhealthy lifestyle habits or underlying medical conditions. 

Although low HDL often does not cause noticeable symptoms, regular cholesterol screening can help with early detection and management. Further, adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking can help improve HDL levels and support overall cardiovascular health. 

If you have persistently low HDL cholesterol or other risk factors for heart disease, consult a doctor for proper evaluation, diagnosis, and personalised treatment guidance. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Huff T, Boyd B, Jialal I. Physiology, Cholesterol. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2026. Accessed May 19, 2026. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470561/ 

2. HDL: The “Good” Cholesterol. Accessed May 19, 2026. https://medlineplus.gov/hdlthegoodcholesterol.html 

3. CDC. LDL and HDL Cholesterol and Triglycerides. Cholesterol. March 13, 2026. Accessed May 19, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/about/ldl-and-hdl-cholesterol-and-triglycerides.html 

4. Cholesterol Levels: What You Need to Know. Accessed May 19, 2026. https://medlineplus.gov/cholesterollevelswhatyouneedtoknow.html 

5. Rezkalla SH, MD RAK. Low HDL—The Challenge. Clin Med Res. 2025;23(2):60-66. doi:10.3121/cmr.2025.1970 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40813253/

6. Van Name JP, Sharma S. Low HDL Cholesterol(Archived). In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2026. Accessed May 19, 2026. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560749/ 

7. Liu AG, Ford NA, Hu FB, Zelman KM, Mozaffarian D, Kris-Etherton PM. A healthy approach to dietary fats: understanding the science and taking action to reduce consumer confusion. Nutr J. 2017;16:53. doi:10.1186/s12937-017-0271-4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28854932/

8. Richter CK, Skulas-Ray AC, Champagne CM, Kris-Etherton PM. Plant Protein and Animal Proteins: Do They Differentially Affect Cardiovascular Disease Risk?12. Adv Nutr. 2015;6(6):712-728. doi:10.3945/an.115.009654 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4642426/

9. Rahaman MdM, Hossain R, Herrera‐Bravo J, et al. Natural antioxidants from some fruits, seeds, foods, natural products, and associated health benefits: An update. Food Sci Nutr. 2023;11(4):1657-1670. doi:10.1002/fsn3.3217 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10084981/

10. Hartley L, Flowers N, Holmes J, et al. Green and black tea for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;2013(6):CD009934. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009934.pub2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23780706/

11. Zuraini NZA, Sekar M, Wu YS, et al. Promising Nutritional Fruits Against Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Experimental Evidence and Understanding Their Mechanisms of Action. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2021;17:739-769. doi:10.2147/VHRM.S328096 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34858028/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

High LDL (Bad) Cholesterol: Causes, Symptoms & How to Reduce It 

Introduction

Cholesterol is a wax-like, fatty substance found in the body essential for building cells, producing hormones, and supporting digestion. There are different types of cholesterol such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)¹.

LDL cholesterol is generally referred to as bad cholesterol because when it is in excess, it can accumulate in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease². Since high LDL cholesterol usually does not cause noticeable symptoms in the early stages³, many people may be unaware of their condition until difficulties arise. 

This article will guide you about the possible effects of high LDL cholesterol as well as its causes, risk factors and management strategies.  

What Is LDL Cholesterol?

LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein. The body needs some LDL cholesterol for normal functioning. However, LDL is known as bad cholesterol because when it is inexcess it can accumulate within the arteries and form fatty deposits known as plaques (atherosclerosis) ^1,2. As plaque accumulates, the arteries narrow and harden, decreasing blood flow to vital organs including the heart and brain. If a plaque breaks open, it may form a blood clot that can completely block blood flow. This may lead to: 

• Heart attack 
• Stroke  
• Chest pain (angina) 
• Peripheral artery disease (reduced blood flow to limbs) 

On the other hand, HDL cholesterol is known as good cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream¹.

What Are Normal vs High LDL Cholesterol Levels?

LDL cholesterol levels are measured through a fasting blood test called lipid profile and are usually expressed in milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL). Here is a table which shows different ranges of LDL cholesterol. 

Note: LDL cholesterol levels can vary slightly based on the laboratory, age, medical history, and personal risk factors. Always consult a doctor for proper interpretation of your lipid profile results and personalised medical advice. 

What Causes High LDL Cholesterol?

Several factors can increase LDL cholesterol levels. Here are some factors that explain what causes high LDL cholesterol levels. 

• Unhealthy Diet: Consuming foods high in unhealthy fats can raise LDL cholesterol. Examples: Fried foods, fast foods, bakery products, processed snacks, sugary foods, etc. 
• Lack of Physical Activity: Not doing regular exercise can cause weight gain and increase LDL levels. 
• Smoking: Smoking reduces the HDL levels, which can contribute to the buildup of LDL levels in the blood².
• Certain Medications: Consuming specific medicines can cause high LDL levels. Examples: Steroids, blood pressure medications (diuretics, beta-blockers, etc.)⁶, HIV medicines, etc².
• Certain Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions affecting the kidneys, liver, etc. can disturb cholesterol balance. Examples: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), diabetes, HIV, hypothyroidism^2,7.
• Stress: Stress can increase the production of certain hormones such as cortisol in the body. This hormonal raise can increase LDL cholesterol levels in your body¹.

Note: Reasons for high LDL cholesterol can vary among individuals. Therefore, proper diagnosis is important. 

Symptoms of High LDL Cholesterol

High LDL cholesterol symptoms are rarely apparent in the early stages. Many people find out only after a regular blood test or when issues arise. Severe or long-standing high LDL cholesterol can sometimes cause symptoms due to restricted blood flow causing severe conditions^3,4,5. These may include the following: 

• Chest pain²
• Shortness of breath³
• Numbness or weakness in the arms or legs⁵
• Pain or numbness of the leg muscles while walking⁴ 
• Changes in skin colour (pale or bluish)⁴
• Poor nail or hair growth⁴
• Dizziness or difficulty speaking (in severe cases related to stroke)⁵

Note: These symptoms typically reflect complications from long-term plaque buildup, not high LDL itself. Consult a doctor for proper evaluation and diagnosis. 

Risk Factors of High LDL Cholesterol

The following are some risk factors that can contribute to high LDL Cholesterol: 

• Age: LDL cholesterol levels tend to rise with age. Though less common children and teens can also have high cholesterol levels¹.
• Sex and Hormonal Changes: Women may be at a greater risk as hormonal changes, particularly after menopause, can also be one of the reasons for high LDL cholesterol levels in them. 
• Genetics: High LDL cholesterol levels can occur from some inherited conditions. Examples: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). 
• Obesity or Weight Gain: Having weight higher than required or being obese can lower HDL levels and increase the risk of high LDL levels. 
• Race or Ethnicity: People belonging to specific race can have an increased risk of developing cholesterol. Example: Asian Americans having high LDL levels compared to other groups².

Diagnosis of High LDL Cholesterol

Your doctor might suggest a lipid profile test to measure the LDL cholesterol levels. This test measures: 

• Total cholesterol: The total amount of all types of cholesterol in the blood 
• LDL cholesterol: Bad cholesterol which increase the risk of heart disease 
• HDL cholesterol: Good cholesterol which helps remove the bad cholesterol from the body 
• VLDL Cholesterol: Cholesterol that carries triglycerides from the liver to different tissues in the body. 
• Triglycerides: Type of fat which is produced from extra calories and stored in fat cells for future use⁸.

From this test results, high LDL cholesterol means there is an increased risk of artery clogs which can cause heart disease and other complications².

The doctors may recommend this test: 

• During routine health checkups 
• If you have diabetes, obesity, or heart disease 
• If there is a family history of high cholesterol²
• To monitor treatment response 

Note: Lipid profile results should always be interpreted by a doctor along with your medical history, symptoms, and overall health condition. 

High LDL Cholesterol Treatment

As a part of high LDL cholesterol treatment, your doctor might prescribe certain medications if the cholesterol levels do not come down with lifestyle changes alone². There are different types of medicines your doctor might give; these include the following: 

• Statins: These help reduce LDL levels by slowing down the liver’s production of cholesterol in the body. 
• Fibrates: These medicines mainly help lower triglyceride levels. They may also help increase HDL cholesterol and improve the removal of LDL from the blood. 
• Bile Acid Sequestrants: These medications aid the body’s removal of bile acids. The body uses blood cholesterol to produce new bile acids, which helps to reduce LDL cholesterol levels. 
• Niacin (Vitamin B3): This can help improve cholesterol balance by lowering LDL cholesterol and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol levels. 
• PCSK9 inhibitors (Injections): These injections help the liver remove more LDL cholesterol from the blood. They are often used in people with genetic condition such as familial hypercholesterolemia, that causes very high LDL cholesterol levels⁹.
• Lipoprotein Apheresis: This is a filtering process, which is used in genetic conditions. It removes excess LDL cholesterol from the blood and sends the cleaned blood back into the body².

Note: These medications should only be taken as prescribed by a doctor. The type of medication and dosage may differ depending on the patient’s cholesterol levels, overall health, and medical history. Do not start, stop, or change any medicine without first consulting a doctor. 

How to Reduce High LDL Cholesterol?

High LDL cholesterol can often be reduced through healthy lifestyle changes. The following are some simple ways by which you can help manage your LDL levels along with a proper medical treatment: 

• Eat a Heart-Healthy Diet: Reduce foods high in saturated and trans fats such as fried foods, processed snacks, fatty meat, and bakery items¹. Include more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and fibre-rich foods in the diet³.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Losing excess weight may help reduce LDL cholesterol levels and improve overall cholesterol balance in the body².
• Quit Smoking: Stopping smoking can improve blood vessel health and improve HDL cholesterol levels, which can then lower LDL cholesterol levels².
• Exercise Regularly: Physical activity can help lower LDL cholesterol and improve heart health². Activities such as walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, etc., may be beneficial. 
• Manage Stress: Managing stress can stabilise hormonal levels and reduce its impact of increasing LDL¹. Examples: Deep breathing, yoga, mindful meditation, etc. 
• Limit Alcohol Intake: Excess alcohol consumption may affect cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Limiting alcohol may help maintain better heart health^1,3. 

Note: Lifestyle changes may assist manage high LDL cholesterol, but their effectiveness may differ from person to person. Some people may also need medications or other medical treatments depending on their cholesterol levels, overall health, and risk of heart disease. Always seek the opinion of a doctor for an accurate diagnosis, treatment, and individualised care. 

Foods That Help Lower LDL Cholesterol

Certain foods can help naturally reduce LDL cholesterol levels. These include the following: 

• Fibre-rich Grains: Certain whole grains contain soluble fibre which can help remove excess LDL cholesterol from the body. Examples: Oatmeal, brown rice, whole wheat etc^3,11.
• Fruits and Vegetables: These contain certain compounds such as plant sterols, which help reduce cholesterol levels in the blood. Examples: Apples, banana, oranges, leafy greens (spinach, collard green, kale, cabbage^3,11)
• Nuts and Seeds: These contain healthy fats and fibre, which help reduce LDL cholesterol. Examples: Almonds, walnuts, flax seeds, chia seeds, etc³.
• Fatty Fish: These contain omega-3 fatty acids and healthy fats that lowers LDL levels and support heart health. Examples: Salmon, sardine, etc^3,11.
• Beans and Legumes: These are high in fibre and certain compounds which help reduce LDL levels naturally. Examples: Lentils, chickpeas, kidney beans, lima beans, etc^3,11.
• Healthy Oils: These contain healthy unsaturated fats that may help improve cholesterol balance when used instead of butter or ghee in excess. Examples: Olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, etc³.
• Soy-Based Foods: These may help reduce LDL cholesterol when used as a replacement for foods high in unhealthy fat. Examples: Soybeans, soybean oil, tofu, tempeh, natto, etc^3,12.

Note: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Diet alone may not be sufficient to control high LDL cholesterol in all cases. It is important to see a doctor or a dietician for an accurate treatment and dietary recommendations. 

Also Read: High Alkaline Phosphatase Levels: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Complications of High LDL Cholesterol

If left untreated, high LDL cholesterol can lead to serious health problems, such as: 

• Atherosclerosis: A condition in which fatty plaques accumulate inside the arteries, causing them to narrow and harden. 
• Heart Attack: This occurs when blood flow to the heart is unexpectedly interrupted due to plaque accumulation or a blood clot².
• Stroke: Happens when blood supply to the brain is reduced or blocked, which can damage brain cells^2,5.
• Coronary Artery Disease: Narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart, which can result in chest discomfort and reduced heart function¹.
• Peripheral Artery Disease: Reduced blood flow to the arms or legs due to narrowed arteries, often causing leg pain or difficulty walking^3,4.
• Chronic Kidney Disease: Increased cholesterol levels can reduce kidney function and increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD)¹³.

Hence, it is important to check your cholesterol levels as a part of routine checkup, as high LDL levels can cause severe blockage of the arteries, thereby contributing to life-threatening if not treated on priority. 

When to Consult a Doctor?

You should consult a doctor if you have a family history of high cholesterol or heart disease, are experiencing symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or leg pain, or have conditions such as diabetes, obesity, or high blood pressure. If your cholesterol readings continue to rise even after lifestyle adjustments, it is important to get medical care. 

Also Read: High Triglycerides: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & How to Reduce It

Conclusion

High LDL cholesterol is a frequent health issue with no early warning signs. If not addressed, it can raise the risk of heart disease and stroke. Healthy habits including eating nutritious foods, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, and following medical advice can all help lower LDL cholesterol and safeguard heart health. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Cholesterol Med. 2025. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/cholesterol.html 

2. LDL: The “Bad” Cholesterol. 2024. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/ldlthebadcholesterol.html 

3. Cholesterol. 2024. doi:https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/cholesterol 

4. Peripheral Arterial Disease. 2025. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/peripheralarterialdisease.html 

5. Stroke. 2025. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/stroke.html 

6. Herink MC. Medication Induced Changes in Lipids and Lipoproteins. 2025. doi:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK326739/ 

7. Duntas LH. Thyroid Disease and Lipids. Thyroid. 2002;12(4):287-293. doi:10.1089/10507250252949405 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12034052/

8. Lipid profile test. 2024. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007812.htm 

9. Cholesterol-Lowering Medicines. 2024. doi:https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/treatment/cholesterol-lowering-medicines.html 

10. Ray KK, Ference BA, Séverin T, et al. World Heart Federation Cholesterol Roadmap 2022. gh. 2022;17(1):75. doi:10.5334/gh.1154 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36382159/

11. Heart-Healthy Living. 2022. doi:https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/heart-healthy-living/healthy-foods 

12. Soybeans and soy foods. 2026. doi:https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/soybeans 

13. High Cholesterol = High Kidney Disease Ri. 2014. doi:https://www.kidney.org/news-stories/high-cholesterol-high-kidney-disease-risk 

14. Xu R, Yang K, Li S, Dai M, Chen G. Effect of green tea consumption on blood lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr J. 2020;19(1):48. doi:10.1186/s12937-020-00557-5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32434539/

15. Shin JY, Xun P, Nakamura Y, He K. Egg consumption in relation to risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2013;98(1):146-159. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.051318 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23676423/

16. High Cholesterol in Children and Teens. 2024. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/highcholesterolinchildrenandteens.html 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

कोलेस्ट्रॉल टेस्ट (Cholesterol Test): क्या है, खर्च, नॉर्मल रेंज, कैसे होता है, क्यों और कब करना चाहिए

परिचय

कोलेस्ट्रॉल टेस्ट एक खून परीक्षण है जो आपके शरीर में कोलेस्ट्रॉल की मात्रा को मापता है। यह परीक्षण आपकी धमनियों (arteries) में फैटी डिपॉजिट का बिल्ड-अप करने के जोखिम को निर्धारित करने में मदद कर सकता है। 

• नमूना प्रकार: खून
• उपवास \ खाली पेट रहना जरूरी: हां
• उपनाम: ब्लड कोलेस्ट्रॉल टेस्ट, टोटल कोलेस्ट्रॉल टेस्ट, नॉन-फास्टिंग कोलेस्ट्रॉल टेस्ट

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण क्या है?

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण आपके खून कोलेस्ट्रॉल के स्तर को मापता है। यह आपके हृदय स्वास्थ्य का मूल्यांकन करने में मदद करता है और स्ट्रोक, हृदय रोग जैसी हृदय संबंधी बीमारियों के जोखिम कारकों का मूल्यांकन करता है।

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण क्यों निर्धारित किया जाता है?

हृदय जोखिम मूल्यांकन परीक्षणों के हिस्से के रूप में एक कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण निर्धारित किया जाता है। आपके खून में अत्यधिक कोलेस्ट्रॉल आपकी धमनियों (arteries) और खून वाहिकाओं को नुकसान पहुंचा सकता है। इससे आपको स्ट्रोक, हार्ट अटैक और दिल की अन्य बीमारियां होने का खतरा बढ़ जाता है।

यदि आपके पास निम्नलिखित में से एक या अधिक जोखिम कारक हैं – तो आपको कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण की आवश्यकता हो सकती है :

• हाई ब्लड प्रेशर
• धूम्रपान
• टाइप-2 डायबिटीज
• अत्यधिक वजन या मोटापा
• शारीरिक गतिविधि की कमी
• हाई सैचुरेटेड फैट डाइट

अध्ययनों में बताया गया है कि भारत में 25-30% शहरी आबादी और 15-20% ग्रामीण आबादी में उच्च कोलेस्ट्रॉल का स्तर है।

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण के लिए नमूना प्रकार

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण के लिए आपको अपने खून का नमूना परीक्षण के लिए देना आवश्यक है। आप इस परीक्षण के साथ अकेले टोटल कोलेस्ट्रॉल के लिए परीक्षण कर सकते हैं या लिपिड प्रोफाइल परीक्षण के साथ अपने लिपिड स्तर की एक विस्तृत तस्वीर प्राप्त कर सकते हैं।

आपको कितनी बार कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण करना चाहिए?

आपका डॉक्टर आपको निम्नलिखित कारकों के आधार पर कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण दोहराने के लिए कह सकता है :

• आपका कोलेस्ट्रॉल का स्तर उच्च है और इसके लिए आप दवाइयों पर हैं। हर 3-4 महीने में परीक्षण दोहराएं या जब आप अपनी दवाओं को बदलते हैं तब |
• आपको दिल की समस्या होने का खतरा रहता है। हर छह महीने में टेस्ट दोहराएं।
• आपको दिल की बीमारियां होने का कम खतरा होता है और आपका नॉर्मल ब्लड कोलेस्ट्रॉल स्थिर है, फिर हर पांच साल में परीक्षण दोहराएं।

लक्षणों के प्रकट होने से पहले संभावित स्वास्थ्य बीमारियों के निदान में एक कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण का उपयोग किया जाता है। कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण के परिणामों की मदद से, आप हृदय रोगों के विकास के लिए अपने जोखिम का निर्धारण कर सकते हैं। 

दिल की समस्याओं के लिए अपने जोखिम कारकों के आधार पर, आपको स्क्रीनिंग के लिए कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण को दोहराना पड़ सकता है।

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण के अन्य नाम

• टोटल कोलेस्ट्रोल
• ब्लड कोलेस्ट्रॉल
• नॉन-फास्टिंग कोलेस्ट्रॉल टेस्ट

टेस्ट समावेशन: कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण में कौन से पैरामीटर शामिल हैं?

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण रिपोर्ट आपके खून में टोटल कोलेस्ट्रॉल के स्तर को मापती है। यदि आप सभी प्रकार के कोलेस्ट्रॉल के स्तर का पूरा परिणाम चाहते हैं, तो आपको लिपिड प्रोफाइल टेस्ट का विकल्प चुनने की आवश्यकता हो सकती है।

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण क्या मापता है?

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण आपके शरीर में टोटल खून कोलेस्ट्रॉल के स्तर को मापता है। आपके खून में अलग-अलग तरह के कोलेस्ट्रॉल पाए जाते हैं। ये उच्च घनत्व (density) वाले लिपोप्रोटीन, कम घनत्व वाले लिपोप्रोटीन और बहुत कम घनत्व वाले लिपोप्रोटीन होते हैं। यह परीक्षण इन सभी कोलेस्ट्रॉल अणुओं के संयुक्त योग को मापता है। यदि आप कम घनत्व वाले लिपोप्रोटीन (एलडीएल) कोलेस्ट्रॉल, उच्च घनत्व वाले लिपोप्रोटीन (एचडीएल) कोलेस्ट्रॉल और ट्राइग्लिसराइड्स के व्यक्तिगत उपायों के लिए परीक्षण करना चाहते हैं, तो आपको लिपिड प्रोफाइल परीक्षण प्राप्त करने की आवश्यकता होगी।

यह भी पढ़ें: कैल्शियम टेस्ट (Calcium Test): क्या है, खर्च, नॉर्मल रेंज, कैसे होता है, क्यों और कब करना चाहिए?

कोलेस्ट्रॉल परीक्षण किसके लिए निर्धारित है?

35 साल से अधिक उम्र के दोनों लिंगों के लिए कोलेस्ट्रॉल टेस्ट निर्धारित है। निम्नलिखित मानदंडों वाले लोगों को अपने कोलेस्ट्रॉल खून परीक्षण को पूरा करने की आवश्यकता है :

• उन पुरुषों के लिए जो 45 साल से ऊपर हैं 
• 50-55 साल से ऊपर की महिलाओं के लिए
• पिछले परीक्षण में उच्च कोलेस्ट्रॉल का स्तर
• पहले से दिल की बीमारियां हो 
• अधिक वजन या मोटा होना
• सिगरेट पीना
• अस्वस्थ आहार
• हाई ब्लड प्रेशर (हाईपरटेंशन)
• कम उम्र में हृदय रोग का पारिवारिक इतिहास (पुरुषों में 55 से नीचे और महिलाओं में 65 से नीचे)
• डायबिटीज या प्रीडायबिटीज
• शारीरिक गतिविधि की कमी

यह भी पढ़ें: फेरिटिन टेस्ट (Ferritin Test): क्या है, खर्च, नॉर्मल रेंज, कैसे होता है, क्यों और कब करना चाहिए

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (FAQs)

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any change

14

0

PCOS Belly Fat: Why It Happens and How to Manage It the Right Way 

Introduction

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) also now known as PMOS (Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome) is a common hormonal condition that can affect how the body stores fat and manages weight. Many women with PCOS/PMOS note that their weight gain is concentrated around the belly, even if they eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly¹. This can be confusing and discouraging, especially when efforts do not appear to produce the desired effects. This blog will explain why PCOS-related belly fat occurs and provide practical, science-backed strategies for managing it efficiently. 

What Is a PCOS Belly?

A PCOS belly or central obesity in PCOS refers to the tendency of women with PCOS to store excess fat around the lower abdomen. This is frequently connected to hormonal imbalance, namely elevated levels of insulin and androgens (male hormones). Unlike general weight gain, this fat distribution is more concentrated in the abdominal/belly region². Studies suggest that up to 50-70% of women with PCOS struggle with insulin resistance², which makes it harder for the body to use glucose effectively. This can directly contribute to the belly fat gain. 

How to Identify a PCOS Belly?

The following might help you understand whether your belly fat is related to PCOS or not: 

• Accumulation of excess fat mainly around the abdomen (belly area) rather than in other parts of the body (central obesity)³.
• Belly fat which is difficult to loose¹.
• Belly fat along with symptoms such as irregular periods, acne, excess facial/body hair or hair thinning, acanthosis nigricans (skin pigmentation or dark, thick, velvety patches, usually in body folds such as the neck, armpits, or groin), etc^1,2.
• Bloating or a consistently puffy lower belly. 

Health Risks Associated with PCOS Belly Fat

PCOS belly fat is not just about appearance; it can also raise the risk of several health problems, such as: 

• Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes: Belly fat is closely linked to the body becoming less responsive to insulin, increasing the risk of diabetes².
• Metabolic Syndrome: Belly fat can contribute to metabolic syndrome, a group of conditions (increased waist size, high blood sugar, abnormal cholesterol, and high blood pressure) that together raise health risks².
• Cardiovascular Disease: Higher abdominal fat can raise the risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and heart disease².
• Chronic Inflammation: Belly fat releases inflammatory substances that may worsen overall metabolic health and cause chronic or long-term inflammation³.
• Fatty liver: Increased abdominal fat raises the risk of fat accumulation in the liver⁴. 
• Fertility Problems: Although not directly related to belly fat, insulin resistance and other hormonal imbalance in PCOS can cause irregular or absent ovulation, which may affect fertility².

How to Reduce PCOS Belly Fat?

Reducing belly fat alone in PCOS is quite difficult and is not preferred. The recommended goal is overall weight loss. This mainly involves improving insulin sensitivity, maintaining a healthy diet, and staying physically active. Here are some helpful steps: 

• Follow a Balanced Diet: Eating plenty of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats and limiting sugary foods, sweetened drinks, and highly processed snacks might help manage insulin resistance and PCOS-induced belly fat⁵.
• Exercise Regularly: Doing regular physical activity, such as walking, cycling, swimming, and strength training, can help reduce belly fat and improve insulin sensitivity⁵. 
• Get Enough Sleep: Getting proper sleep for about 7-8 hours can improve insulin sensitivity⁴, thereby helping in reducing belly fat. 
• Reduce Stress: Managing stress may help lower cortisol levels, which can affect body composition. Stress-reducing activities such as yoga, meditation, and breathing exercises may support overall health and weight management⁶.

Note: PCOS belly fat can be difficult to lose, but consistent healthy lifestyle habits can lead to gradual and sustainable improvements over time. 

Exercises for PCOS Belly Fat

While it is not possible to reduce fat from only one area of the body, regular exercise can help lower overall body fat, improve insulin sensitivity, and support weight management in people with PCOS. Here are a few exercises which might help you better understand how to reduce PCOS belly fat as a part of overall weight management: 

1. Aerobic Exercises

These exercises which increase heart rate and improve oxygen use in the body can be helpful in PCOS⁸.

• Brisk Walking
  • Brisk walking is a simple, low-impact exercise that helps burn calories, reduce body fat and increase insulin sensitivity ^4,7.
  • Start by standing upright and walking at a comfortable pace. Gradually increase your speed until your breathing becomes slightly faster. Keep your arms swinging naturally as you walk and keep a consistent pace throughout the practice. Finally, take a few minutes to cool down. 
  • Duration: 30 minutes a day⁷
• Cycling
  • Cycling is an effective cardio exercise that can help improve fitness, reduce insulin resistance⁸ and support fat loss. Adjust the bike seat to a comfortable height and begin cycling slowly for 3-5 minutes. Then gradually increase your effort to a moderate level while keeping your back straight and your speed consistent. Finally, gently slow down until you come to a stop. 
  • Duration: 30 minutes, 3 times a week⁸

2. High Intensity-Interval Training (HIIT) Exercises 

These exercises that help reduce insulin resistance and improve body mass index and body composition can be beneficial in PCOS⁸. They include: 

• Jumping Jacks: Stand upright, feet together, arms toward the sides. Jump while stretching your legs apart and lifting your arms above your head simultaneously. Return to the starting location and repeat. 
• Burpees: Stand with your feet wide and arms at your sides. Jump down into a squat position with your back straight, then return to standing. 
• High Knees: Stand with your feet slightly wide apart. Lift one knee up toward your chest while moving the opposite arm. Quickly switch legs and continue in a fast, running motion. 

Duration: The HIITs are usually recommended to be performed for 30 seconds, followed by 15 seconds of slow marching in place, then taking a break for 60 seconds and repeating the exercises 2 more times. This can be performed 3 times a week⁹.

3. Strength Training Exercises 

These exercises make the muscles strong and help reduce insulin resistance, thereby helping in lowering the body fat^4,8. They include: 

• Push-Ups: Lie face down on the floor, hands slightly wider than shoulders, and legs straight in a plank position. Bend your elbows slowly to drop your chest to the floor, then push back up with your palms. Repeat the movement, maintaining your body straight throughout. 
• Squats: Stand with your feet apart, bend your knees, and push your hips back like sitting on a chair. Go down until your thighs are parallel to the floor, then stand back up by pushing through your heels while keeping your chest lifted and back straight. 
• Deadlifts: Stand with your feet apart and hold a weight in front of you. Keep your back straight and slightly bend your knees. Push your hips back and lower the weight down your legs. Go down until you feel a stretch in the back of your thighs, then push your hips forward to stand back up. Keep the weight close to your body and your back straight the whole time. 

Duration: These are recommended to be performed two or three times a week⁴.

Diet Tips for Managing PCOS Belly Fat

Diet plays a key role in managing abdominal fat and improving metabolic health in PCOS. The following are a few dietary tips that you may follow to manage the PCOS belly fat: 

• Choose low-glycaemic index foods like whole grains and legumes. 
• Include healthy fats such as nuts, seeds, and olive oil. 
• Increase fibre intake through vegetables and fruits. 
• Reduce refined sugar and processed foods⁵. 
• Take meals at regular intervals to avoid unnecessary snacking inbetween¹⁰.
• Watch portion size, as more calories might contribute to weight gain¹¹.

Can Medical Treatment Help Reduce PCOS Belly Fat?

Yes, medical treatment can help manage belly fat in PCOS patients, but its effectiveness varies from person to person. The overall management of PCOS helps in managing the belly fat also. 

• Insulin-Sensitising Medicines: These include medicines such as metformin, which help in managing mild to moderate insulin resistance. This can in turn help manage belly/body fat. However, these are FDA-approved only for diabetes and not specifically to manage the PCOS symptoms. They should be taken only under medical guidance^2,12. 
• Supplements: Supplements such as inositol are known to support ovarian function, reduce insulin resistance, and improve blood sugar levels, thereby increasing the chances of weight loss². However, more research is needed to confirm its effects. 
• GLP-1 Agonist Medications: These are FDA-approved medications for diabetes and for weight management in obese individuals. Though not specifically approved for PCOS condition, they are also recommended to help improve insulin sensitivity and promote weight loss in PCOS patients who are obese⁴. However, it is suggested to take only under medical guidance. 
• Bariatric Surgery: This is a surgical method used in case of severe obesity, when medications or other treatments are no longer effective in managing weight. This is also known as one of the most effective methods to manage obesity in PCOS patients¹³. 

Note: The information provided here is for general information only. Medical treatment should always be taken under the guidance of a certified doctor, as its overdose or improper use might cause severe side effects. 

Common Mistakes to Avoid PCOS Belly Fat

Though PCOS belly fat is manageable, certain mistake can interfere with outcomes. 

• Avoid skipping meals or doing extreme dieting; this can increase cravings. 
• Avoid over-relying on cardio without strength training; this can interfere with results. 
• Not managing stress and getting proper sleep as stress and poor sleep can increase cortisol and affect weight loss. 
• Avoid being inconsistent while performing exercise; results might take much time. 
• Do not expect results too quickly; be self-motivated. 
• Not following medical advice; can delay improvement. 

When to Consult a Doctor?

You should consult a doctor if you notice rapid weight gain, irregular periods, difficulty managing symptoms despite lifestyle changes, or signs of insulin resistance like fatigue and increased cravings. Early medical support can help prevent long-term complications^1,2.

Also Read: Simple Home Remedies to Help Ease PCOS Symptoms 

Conclusion

PCOS belly fat is directly linked to hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, not just lifestyle. It is manageable with the correct combination of balanced nutrition, frequent exercise, stress reduction, and medical treatment as needed. Understanding your body is the first step toward making long-term and healthful changes. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Barber TM, Hanson P, Weickert MO, Franks S. Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Implications for Pathogenesis and Novel Management Strategies. Clin Med Insights Reprod Health. 2019;13:1179558119874042. doi:10.1177/1179558119874042 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31523137/

2. Stańczak NA, Grywalska E, Dudzińska E. The latest reports and treatment methods on polycystic ovary syndrome. Annals of Medicine. 2024;56(1):2357737. doi:10.1080/07853890.2024.2357737 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38965663/

3. Liu J, Liu Y, Li X. Effects of intestinal flora on polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1151723. doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1151723 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36967808/

4. Li B, Li Y, Li X, et al. Effects of polycystic ovary syndrome on liver, heart, muscle, and pancreatic-related diseases. Front Endocrinol. 2026;17:1776584. doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.1776584 https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1776584/full

5. Xenou M, Gourounti K. Dietary Patterns and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Systematic Review. Maedica. 2021;16(3). doi:10.26574/maedica.2020.16.3.516 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34925611/

6. Basu B, Chowdhury O, Saha S. Possible link between stress-related factors and altered body composition in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2018;11(1):10. doi:10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_78_17 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29681710/

7. Walking for good health. 2023. doi: Available From: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/walking-for-good-health 

8. Cavalcante DCB, Scandolara TB, Kogure GS, et al. Effects of physical activity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo56. doi:10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo56 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41098671/

9. HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training). 2021. doi: Available From: https://nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu/high-intensity-interval-training/ 

10. Weight loss – a healthy approach. 2024. doi: Available From: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/weight-loss-a-healthy-approach 

11. French SA, Mitchell NR, Wolfson J, et al. Portion size effects on weight gain in a free living setting. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014;22(6):1400-1405. doi:10.1002/oby.20720 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510841/

12. What are the treatments for PCOS? 2024. doi: Available From: https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pcos/conditioninfo/treatments 

13. Hazlehurst JM, Singh P, Bhogal G, Broughton S, Tahrani AA. How to manage weight loss in women with obesity and PCOS seeking fertility? Clinical Endocrinology. 2022;97(2):208-216. doi:10.1111/cen.14726 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35319122/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

Lemongrass Tea: Benefits, Side Effects, How to Make It & More 

Introduction

The growing demand for caffeine-free drinks has increased the popularity of herbal teas globally. Herbal teas are widely used around the world for relaxation, hydration, and overall health. Lemongrass tea is one such tea known for its refreshing citrus flavour and traditional therapeutic properties¹. This tea, made from lemongrass leaves or stalks, contains no caffeine and may benefit overall health². This blog discusses the potential benefits of lemongrass tea, its possible adverse effects, how to make it, and other relevant information. 

What Is Lemongrass Tea?

Lemongrass tea is an herbal infusion made from lemongrass (Cymbopogon), which is a herb¹. It is made by boiling or steeping lemongrass (a fragrant grass with a lemon-like fragrance or aroma) in hot water. It has a light, refreshing taste with a mild citrus flavour and does not contain caffeine. People often drink it as a calming and soothing beverage, and it is commonly used as a traditional home approach for promoting digestion and general wellness². 

Nutritional Value of Lemongrass Tea

Lemongrass tea has almost negligible calories, carbohydrates, fats and protein. However, it is a rich source of vitamin C, certain minerals and antioxidant compounds that may contribute to its health benefits⁴. 

The following are some important nutrients present in lemon grass tea:  

• Lemongrass Tea Contains antioxidants like flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, etc., that help fight free radicals¹ 
• Vitamins and Minerals
• Rich source of Vitamin C (45mg in 100ml)⁴
• Contains sodium (6mg in 100ml)⁴ and small amounts of other minerals, such as potassium, calcium, phosphorus, etc⁵.

Another important component abundant in lemongrass is Citral. It is an aromatic compound which is known to have antimicrobial and several other properties⁶. 

Note: Lemongrass tea is a natural drink that contains some important elements. The nutrient content in it may vary depending on the preparation method, dilution and quantity of lemongrass used.  

Properties of Lemongrass Tea

Lemongrass tea has several natural properties that may support overall health and well-being. Here are a few among them: 

• Antioxidant Properties: It contains natural plant compounds that help protect the body’s cells from damage caused by free radicals. 
• Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Properties: It may help reduce mild inflammation in the body and is traditionally used for treating several conditions such as rheumatoid, osteoarthritis, etc^1,2.
• Antimicrobial Properties: It has natural compounds that can help fight certain bacteria, fungus and other microbes².  
• Diuretic Effect: It is said to have a diuretic activity⁷, which helps increase the urine flow and may support the body in flushing out excess fluids and toxins. 

Benefits of Lemongrass Tea

Lemongrass has many beneficial properties. Therefore, its tea can also be beneficial to the health in several ways. The following are some potential lemongrass tea benefits: 

1. Support Digestion and Reduce Bloating

It may help soothe the digestive system and promote healthy digestion. Some people drink it after meals to help ease bloating, gas, and stomach discomfort².

2. Help Relieve Mild Stress and Anxiety

Its soothing aroma and warmth may help to soothe the mind. Drinking it is believed to reduce daily stress and anxiety^2,7.

3. Support Immune Health

It contains natural plant compounds with antioxidant properties that may help support the body’s natural defence system and overall well-being^1,2. 

4. Help the Body Remove Excess Fluids

It is known to have a mild diuretic effect⁷, where drinking its tea might increase urine production and help the body get rid of excess waste products. 

5. Support Weight Management

It is low in calories and is caffeine free^2,4, where it can be used as a refreshing alternative to sugary drinks during the weight management journey. 

6. Promote Healthy Skin

It may help protect skin cells from oxidative stress, which can contribute to overall skin health due to the presence of its antioxidants². 

7. Help Relieve Inflammation

It is shown to have anti-inflammatory property due to the presence of natural antioxidant compounds such as quercetin. These may help ease symptoms like pain and muscle discomfort in conditions like arthitis^1,2. 

8. Help Soothe Menstrual Cramps

It might help increase the menstrual flow and reduce menstrual cramps and related discomfort⁶.  

9. Promote Sleep

It is known to relax muscles and calm the nerves involved in sleep. It may also have a mild sedative effect that helps promote better sleep⁶.  

10. May Benefit Heart Health

Some studies^7,8 suggest that lemongrass may support heart health by helping maintain healthy cholesterol levels and normal blood pressure. These benefits may be related to its potential to lower bad cholesterol levels and improve blood flow by helping blood vessels relax and widen. 

Note: The benefits of lemongrass tea may vary from person to person. Most of the benefits mentioned above are based on animal studies and more research is needed to confirm these in humans. Therefore, it shouldn’t replace a proper medical treatment and advice. 

How to Make Lemongrass Tea?

The lemongrass tea should be prepared carefully to get its maximum benefits. Here is how to make lemongrass tea: 

• Step 1: Wash the lemongrass thoroughly. If using fresh stalks, trim the ends and lightly crush them to release the excess flavour. 
• Step 2: Boil two cups of water in a saucepan and add the fresh or dried lemongrass to the boiling water. 
• Step 3: Reduce the heat and allow the lemongrass to boil in simmer for about 5-10 minutes. 
• Step 4: Turn off the heat and strain the tea into a cup to remove the lemongrass pieces. 
• Step 5: Drink it warm or let it cool and serve it with ice. You can also add honey or lemon if needed. 

Here are a few tips which you can consider while preparing/consuming lemongrass tea: 

• Drink it fresh for the best flavour and aroma. 
• Avoid adding too much sugar, as it can reduce the health benefits. 
• Start with small amounts if you are trying lemongrass tea for the first time. 
• Use fresh lemongrass whenever possible for a stronger taste. 
• Enjoy it as part of a balanced diet rather than relying on it as a sole approach for health conditions. 
• Seek your doctor’s advice on drinking the tea if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have a medical condition. 

Side Effects of Lemongrass Tea

Lemongrass tea is generally considered safe for most people when consumed in moderation. However, some individuals may experience certain side effects, especially when consumed in large amounts. The following are some common lemongrass tea side effects: 

• May Increase Urination: It can cause frequent/increased urination in some due to its diuretic effect⁷. 
• May Cause Dehydration: It can cause dehydration and excessive thirst due to its diuretic effect, which causes the body to lose more water⁵.
• May Cause Dizziness: It can lower blood pressure, hence cause symptoms like dizziness or light-headedness^7,9 
• May Not Be Suitable During Pregnancy: It is said not to be used during pregnancy due to the presence of high citral content in it¹⁰, which can adversely affect the mother’s or baby’s health. 
• May Cause Allergic Reactions: Although uncommon, it can cause allergic reactions in some people, causing symptoms such as skin irritation, itching, rashes, etc⁶.  
• May Interact with Certain Medications: It might interact with medications related to blood pressure, blood sugar, or fluid balance¹¹. 

Note: Lemongrass tea should be consumed in moderation. Individuals with existing health conditions or those on medication should only drink it after consulting a doctor to avoid possible interactions or side effects. If you experience any unusual symptoms after drinking it, stop use and consult your doctor. 

Also Read: Oolong Tea: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Precautions to Take with Lemongrass Tea

Lemongrass tea is generally safe for most people, but certain precautions should be followed to avoid unwanted effects. 

• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult a doctor before regular use to avoid adverse effects⁶. 
• People taking antidiabetic medication should be cautious while consuming it to avoid sudden sugar drops¹¹. 
• People with low blood pressure should drink it in moderation⁷. 
• People with grass or plant allergies should avoid or be careful⁶. 
• Giving it to children should only be under the guidance of a doctor. 
• The strong aroma and fragrance can be overpowering, so use it in smaller quantities while preparing. 

Note: This information is intended for general understanding and should not be regarded as medical or dietary advice. Kindly consult a healthcare professional before adding it in your diet and daily habits, especially if you have any health conditions or you are taking any medications. 

Conclusion

Lemongrass tea is a refreshing, caffeine-free herbal drink with a variety of possible health advantages, including aiding digestion and helping improve overall wellness. However, like with any herbal therapy, it should be taken in moderation and with an understanding of potential adverse effects and precautions. When used correctly, lemongrass tea may be a simple and calming addition to a healthy lifestyle. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Don SM, Rambli M, Nore BF. Antioxidant content following fermentation of lemongrass for herbal beverage development. J Food Sci Technol. 2024;61(12):1-14. doi:10.1007/s13197-024-06005-0 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39431189/

2. Murugan T, Kandasamy K, Shanmugam S, Kuber S, Syed R. Evaluating nutritional values for lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) herb tea formulation used in tea bags. Innovations Agric. Published online 2023:01-05. doi:10.25081/ia.2023-090  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377092602_Evaluating_nutritional_values_for_lemongrass_Cymbopogon_citratus_herb_tea_formulation_used_in_tea_bags

3. LEMON GRASS. doi:10.25081/ia.2023-090. https://nhb.gov.in/model-project-reports/Horticulture%20Crops/Lemongrass/Lemongrass1.htm 

4. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Organic lemongrass green tea [Internet]. FoodData Central; [cited 2026 Jun 17]. Available from: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/1909574/nutrients 

5. Ranade SS, Thiagarajan P. Lemon Grass. 2015;2(35):162-167.  https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shruti-Ranade/publication/290390651_Lemon_grass/links/57a6ba6708aefe6167b6ef54/Lemon-grass.pdf 

6. Mohammed D. Toungos. Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon, L spreng ) Valuable Grass But Underutilized In Northern Nigeria. Published online 2019.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334164105_Lemon_Grass_Cymbopogon_L_spreng_Valuable_Grass_But_Underutilized_In_Northern_Nigeria

7. Silva H, Bárbara R. Exploring the Anti-Hypertensive Potential of Lemongrass—A Comprehensive Review. Biology. 2022;11(10):1382. doi:10.3390/biology11101382 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36290288/

8. Villalobos MC, Nicolas MG, Trinidad TP. Cholesterol-lowering Effect of Protein Hydrolysates from Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.). Curr Res Nutr Food Sci. 2023;11(3):1177-1186. doi:10.12944/CRNFSJ.11.3.22 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377069540_Cholesterol-lowering_Effect_of_Protein_Hydrolysates_from_Lemongrass_Cymbopogon_citratus_Stapf

9. British Heart Foundation. Low blood pressure [Internet]. London: British Heart Foundation; 2027 [cited 2026 Jun 17]. Available from: https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/high-blood-pressure/low-blood-pressure 

10. Dosoky NS, Setzer WN. Maternal Reproductive Toxicity of Some Essential Oils and Their Constituents. IJMS. 2021;22(5):2380. doi:10.3390/ijms22052380  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33673548/

11. Naz A, Khan M, Kibria S. Unlocking the Insightful Antidiabetic Effects of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus): A Comprehensive Review. PHYTONutrients. Published online August 19, 2024:90-104. doi:10.62368/pn.v3i.29 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/383259155_Unlocking_the_Insightful_Antidiabetic_Effects_of_Lemongrass_Cymbopogon_citratus_A_Comprehensive_Review

12. Ekpenyong CE. Lemongrass tea consumption and changes in Acid-Base Balance and Electrolyte homeostasis. Arch Food Nutr Sci. 2018;2(1):041-051. doi:10.29328/journal.afns.1001016  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330755298_Lemongrass_tea_consumption_and_changes_in_Acid-Base_Balance_and_Electrolyte_homeostasis

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

Sugar Detox: Benefits, Symptoms, Meal Plan & How to Detox from Sugar Safely 

Introduction

Many people now consume extra sugar every day without realising it because added sugar is commonly found in soft drinks, packaged snacks, flavoured yoghurts, desserts, breakfast cereals, fruit drinks, and other ultra-processed foods¹. Health experts recommend limiting free sugar intake to only 5–10% of daily calories, but studies show that sugar-sweetened beverages are consumed at high levels worldwide and are linked with weight gain, obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and other long-term health problems^1,2 Research also suggests that ultra-processed foods have become a major source of excess added sugar in modern diets, while intake of fresh and minimally processed foods has decreased over time¹. 

This article explains how to detox from sugar safely, common symptoms during the process, possible health benefits, and practical food choices that may help lower added sugar intake. 

What Is a Sugar Detox?

A sugar detox means reducing or avoiding added sugars and highly processed sugary foods for a certain period of time.  

It mainly focuses on cutting down sugars added during food preparation or manufacturing, such as sucrose, glucose, fructose, and high-fructose corn syrup. However, it does not usually mean avoiding the natural sugars found in whole fruits, vegetables, plain dairy products, and other whole foods. 

Many people try a sugar detox to reduce cravings, improve eating habits, and support their overall health, which is why recognising the signs can be helpful^3,4.  

Signs You May Need a Sugar Detox?

Signs you may need a sugar detox include^5,7:

• Weight gain⁵ 
• Often eating sugary or packaged foods⁶  
• High energy intake from food⁶ 
• Frequent sugar cravings (addiction-like behaviour)  
• Persistent hunger 
• Feeling moody or stressed 
• Trouble focusing or paying attention  
• Feeling low or fatigued even after eating⁷ 

Sugar Detox Symptoms

People who suddenly reduce or stop consuming sugary foods and drinks may experience temporary withdrawal-like symptoms as the body adjusts to lower sugar intake. Studies on sugar abstinence and sugary drink cessation have reported effects on both physical and mental wellbeing, especially during the first few days. These may include^8,9: 

Physical symptoms

• Headaches 
• Fatigue or feeling tired   
• Drowsiness or sleepiness 
• Physical discomfort  

Mental/emotional symptoms

• Difficulty concentrating or brain fog 
• Irritability   
• Mood changes 
• Lower contentment or reduced satisfaction  
• Reduced motivation 
• Cravings   

These sugar detox symptoms were most noticeable during the first 1–2 days after stopping sugary drinksv⁹. These effects are usually temporary and typically improve within 5–10 days as the body adapts to lower sugar intake. But if symptoms don’t go away, then it is better to consult a doctor.

What Happens to Your Body When You Detox from Sugar?

When you stop or reduce sugar after a high intake, your body goes through a short adjustment phase. In the brain, sugar normally triggers dopamine, a chemical linked to pleasure and reward. With frequent high intake, the brain can become more sensitive to this cycle, so when sugar drops, you may feel cravings or low mood for a short time as dopamine signalling adjusts¹⁰. 

But there are long-term gains! With lowering sugar in the diet, your blood sugar levels become more stable over time, reducing sharp spikes and crashes in energy. Studies on high-sugar diets also suggest that lowering excess sugar intake may help improve insulin sensitivity, especially when it reduces excess calorie intake overall¹¹. 

In your gut, reducing sugar slowly changes the balance of bacteria. High sugar intake is linked with harmful shifts in gut microbes and more gut irritation. When sugar is reduced, the gut environment becomes more balanced, which supports digestion and reduces inflammation over time¹².  

Overall, research shows that high sugar intake affects metabolism, appetite, and inflammation, so cutting down helps your body move back toward balance¹³.  

Benefits Of a Sugar Detox Diet

A sugar detox diet may provide several health benefits by helping with weight control, blood sugar balance, gut health, and reducing long-term disease risk over time. Here are some benefits of a sugar detox diet^14,19: 

• Lower risk of long-term diseases: High sugar intake is linked to diseases like obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers. Reducing sugar helps lower overall disease risk by improving diet quality and reducing excess calorie intake¹⁴.
• Small reduction in body weight in adults: Studies show that reducing added sugar leads to a modest reduction in body weight, even without structured weight-loss programs¹⁵. 
• Reduced fat storage in the body: When sugar intake is lower, the body is less likely to store extra fat and may use stored fat for energy more effectively¹⁶. 
• Lower risk of dental caries (tooth decay): Eating less sugar reduces the food available for harmful bacteria in the mouth. This leads to less acid production, which helps protect tooth enamel and prevents cavities. Strong evidence shows that higher sugar intake leads to more tooth decay^14,17  
• Lower blood sugar spikes after meals: Eating less sugar prevents sharp rises in blood glucose after meals. This helps keep energy levels steady and reduces strain on insulin, especially in people at risk of diabetes¹⁶.   
• Reduced “empty calorie” intake: Free sugars provide energy without essential nutrients. Reducing them helps lower unnecessary calorie intake and supports healthier eating patterns^14,18.  
• Better diet quality: When sugar intake decreases, it is often replaced with more nutrient-dense foods such as fruits, vegetables, protein, and fibre, improving overall diet quality¹⁸.  
• Improved liver health and reduced fat buildup: A diet low in free sugars may help reduce fat buildup in the liver in people with fatty liver disease. It can also improve blood sugar control and lower inflammation, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels¹⁹.   

How To Do a Sugar Detox – Step by Step

A sugar detox is done by slowly reducing added sugars in foods and drinks and making simple changes to daily eating habits. Here is a step-by-step approach for a sugar detox^20,21: 

• Start by checking what you drink daily: Identify added sugars in drinks including syrups, honey, and fruit juice concentrates²⁰.  
• Learn to spot sugar names on labels: Check nutrition labels carefully. Look for cane sugar, corn syrup, dextrose, fructose, glucose, high fructose corn syrup, honey, molasses, sucrose, and similar terms or added sugars^20,21. 
• Replace high sugar foods to simpler foods: Choose fruit instead of sweets, unsweetened cereal instead of sweetened cereal, and plain foods instead of sugary foods²¹.  
• Slowly reduce sugar in everyday use: Reduce sugar little by little instead of stopping suddenly, such as smaller portions of sweet foods²¹.   
• Avoid hidden sugars in packaged foods: Be aware that sauces, crackers, and snacks may contain added sugars even if not sweet²¹.  
• Keep Hydrated: Drink lots of water. It keeps you full and prevents overeating. 

Following these basic changes in your lifestyle can help you stay consistent with your plan. 

Best Foods for A Sugar Detox

When on a sugar detox, you must reduce added sugar and focus on whole foods from basic food groups like fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, poultary, seafood, nuts, and seeds as given below^22,24: 

1. Whole fruits

Fruits like apples, berries, and oranges provide natural sweetness along with fibre, vitamins, and antioxidants. The fibre content in these foods may help slow digestion, control blood sugar better, and keep you full.  

2. Non-starchy vegetables

Broccoli, cauliflower, and carrots are low in calories but rich in vitamins, minerals, and fibre, supporting balanced meals.  

3. Leafy green vegetables

Spinach, kale, and other leafy greens are rich in vitamins, minerals, and fibre while being low in calories. They support overall nutrient intake and dietary balance.  

4. Whole grains 

Brown rice, quinoa, and oats are whole grains which can be used instead of refined grains. They contain more fibre and nutrients, which can help keep you full for longer.  

5. Proteins 

Plant-based proteins like lentils, chickpeas, and beans or animal based like eggs and chicken (non processed) help improve satiety and overall diet quality.  

6. Healthy Fats

Foods such as avocado, fish, olive oil and nuts and seeds like almonds, walnuts, chia seeds, and flaxseeds provide healthy fats like omega-3. They are nutrient-dense and support overall health when eaten in moderation.   

What To Avoid in A Sugar Detox

Avoid foods high in added sugars, sugary drinks, and highly processed products during a sugar detox, which may include the following^21,25,26 

• Sugary soft drinks and energy drinks are high in added sugars and should be avoided. 
• Fruit drinks, fruit punch, fruitades, fruit cocktails or sangrias are common sources of added sugars.  
• Cakes, cookies, brownies, pastries, and similar baked foods are high in sugar and refined ingredients.  
• Candy and confectionery products contain concentrated added sugars.  
• Sweetened yoghurts and flavoured milk products are common sources of added sugars.  
• Breakfast cereals and snack bars often contain added sugars and should be limited.  
• Jams, jellies, and marmalades are sugar-preserved foods that should be limited.  
• Fruit juice is high in sugar and lacks fibre compared to whole fruit, so whole fruit is preferred.  

7-Day Sugar Detox Meal Plan

This 7-day sugar detox meal plan is designed to help reduce added sugar intake while maintaining balanced, nutritious eating patterns. It is based on general dietary guidelines that emphasize whole grains, lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, and controlled portions for better energy balance and appetite control. 

This is a sample plan. Adjust portions and food choices based on your preferences and any dietary requirements. The portions need to be planned as per every individual^27,28,29. 

When you  follow this meal plan and reduce added sugar, your body may take some time to adjust based on this timeline: 

• In the first 1–3 days, you may feel strong cravings, headache, tiredness, and irritability as your body adapts⁹.  
• By days 4–7, these symptoms usually start reducing and energy levels begin to improve  
• After the second week onward, cravings get lesser and energy, mood, and focus get better.  
• In the next 2 weeks, many people experience improvements in sleep, skin health, significant weight changes and better mood³⁰.  

Also Read: How to Reduce Blood Sugar Level Immediately

When To Consult a Doctor?

A sugar detox may benefit many people, but medical guidance is needed in certain situations such as: 

• Diabetes or prediabetes  
• Eating disorder history  
• Pregnancy or planning pregnancy   
• Individuals suffering from long term illnesses like heart disease, cancer 

In such cases, it is better to consult a doctor or a qualified nutrition professional before starting any restrictive diet plan.  

Note: This article is for informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. 

Conclusion

Sugar detox focuses on reducing added sugars and replacing them with whole, nutrient-dense foods to support better energy balance and overall health. The process may cause short-term adjustment symptoms, but these usually improve as the body adapts to lower sugar intake. However, it’s best to discuss with a doctor before adopting sugar detox especially if you have any medical conditions. Taking small but consistent steps in your everyday habits can make your sugar detox journey more effective and provide long term gains.  

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Ashraf R, Duncan AM, Darlington G, Buchholz AC, Haines J, Ma DWL. The degree of food processing contributes to sugar intakes in families with preschool-aged children. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024;59:37-47. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.11.010  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38220399/

2. Malik VS, Hu FB. The role of sugar-sweetened beverages in the global epidemics of obesity and chronic diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2022;18(4):205-218. doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00627-6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35064240/

3. Gillespie KM, Kemps E, White MJ, Bartlett SE. The Impact of Free Sugar on Human Health—A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2023;15(4):889. doi:10.3390/nu15040889 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36839247/

4. World Health Organisation. Healthy diet. World Health Organisation. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/healthy-diet

5. World Health Organisation. sugars-factsheet. World Health Organisation. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/librariesprovider2/euro-health-topics/obesity/sugars-factsheet.pdf?sfvrsn=d5b89d5f_3&download=true 

6. Hall KD, Ayuketah A, Brychta R, et al. Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain: An Inpatient Randomized Controlled Trial of Ad Libitum Food Intake. Cell Metab. 2019;30(1):67-77.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2019.05.008 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31105044/

7. Witek K, Wydra K, Filip M. A High-Sugar Diet Consumption, Metabolism and Health Impacts with a Focus on the Development of Substance Use Disorder: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2022;14(14):2940. doi:10.3390/nu14142940 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35889898/

8. Bijker R, Henry NIN, Rodda SN. Ecological momentary assessment of symptom trajectories during sugar reduction: application of substance use disorder criteria. Appetite. 2026;223:108549. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2026.108549 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41905576/

9. Falbe J, Thompson HR, Patel A, Madsen KA. Potentially addictive properties of sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents. Appetite. 2019;133:130-137. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.10.032 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30385262/

10. Avena NM, Rada P, Hoebel BG. Evidence for sugar addiction: Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008;32(1):20-39. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.019 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17617461/

11. Macdonald IA. A review of recent evidence relating to sugars, insulin resistance and diabetes. Eur J Nutr. 2016;55(S2):17-23. doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1340-8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27882410/

12. Satokari R. High Intake of Sugar and the Balance between Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Gut Bacteria. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1348. doi:10.3390/nu12051348 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32397233/

13. Zhang Y, Walker RW, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Added sugars, gut microbiota, and host health. Gut Microbes. 2025;17(1):2592431. doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2592431 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41325059/

14. World Health Organisation. Reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases. World Health Organisation. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://www.who.int/tools/elena/interventions/free-sugars-adults-ncds 

15. Te Morenga L, Mallard S, Mann J. Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies. BMJ. 2012;346(jan15 3):e7492-e7492. doi:10.1136/bmj.e7492 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23321486/

16. Churuangsuk C, Lean MEJ, Combet E. Low and reduced carbohydrate diets: challenges and opportunities for type 2 diabetes management and prevention. Proc Nutr Soc. 2020;79(4):498-513. doi:10.1017/S0029665120000105 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32131904/

17. World Health Organization, ed. Guideline: Sugars Intake for Adults and Children. World Health Organization; 2015. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549028

18. Pappe CL, Peters B, Dommisch H, Woelber JP, Pivovarova-Ramich O. Effects of reducing free sugars on 24-hour glucose profiles and glycemic variability in subjects without diabetes. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1213661. doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1213661 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37850088/

19. Khodami B, Hatami B, Yari Z, et al. Effects of a low free sugar diet on the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2022;76(7):987-994. doi:10.1038/s41430-022-01081-x https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35058605/

20. CDC. Rethink Your Drink. Healthy Weight and Growth. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-weight-growth/rethink-your-drink/index.html  

21. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services USD of A. Cut Down on Added Sugars. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (ODPHP); 2019. https://odphp.health.gov/sites/default/files/2019-10/DGA_Cut-Down-On-Added-Sugars.pdf 

22. CDC. Fiber: The Carb That Helps You Manage Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC. CDC – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/healthy-eating/fiber-helps-diabetes.html 

23. National Institute on Aging. Healthy Eating As You Age: Know Your Food Groups. National Institute on Aging. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/healthy-eating-nutrition-and-diet/healthy-eating-you-age-know-your-food-groups 

24. Better Health Channel. Nuts and seeds. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/Nuts-and-seeds 

25. CDC. Be Smart About Sugar. Healthy Weight and Growth. April 14, 2026. Accessed May 28, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-weight-growth/be-sugar-smart/index.html 

26. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). Reduce Sugar. Eat Right India. Accessed May 28, 2026. https://eatrightindia.gov.in/reduce-sugar.jsp 

27. Indian Council of Medical Research NI of N. Dietary Guidelines for Indians. ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition; 2024. https://nin.res.in/dietaryguidelines/pdfjs/locale/DGI_2024.pdf

28. CDC. Diabetes Meal Planning. Diabetes. June 5, 2024. Accessed May 28, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/healthy-eating/diabetes-meal-planning.html

29. CDC. Tips to Support Healthy Routines for Children and Teens. Healthy Weight and Growth. April 1, 2026. Accessed May 28, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-weight-growth/tips-parents-caregivers/index.html 

30. Oudmaijer CAJ, Komninos DSJ, Hoeijmakers JHJ, IJzermans JNM, Vermeij WP. Clinical implications of nutritional interventions reducing calories, a systematic scoping review. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024;63:427-439. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.046 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38986906/

31. Medline Plus. Diabetic Diet. Accessed May 28, 2026. https://medlineplus.gov/diabeticdiet.html 

32. Huang Y, Chen Z, Chen B, et al. Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review. BMJ. 2023;381:e071609. doi:10.1136/bmj-2022-071609 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37019448/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

High Triglycerides: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & How to Reduce It 

Introduction

You may be confused if your blood test results show high triglyceride levels, especially if you have no visible symptoms. Triglycerides are a form of fat found in the blood that your body uses for energy¹. However, when their levels rise too high, they might raise the risk of serious health issues such as heart disease, stroke, fatty liver disease, and pancreatitis².

The good news is that high triglycerides can often be managed with the right lifestyle changes, healthy eating habits, and timely medical care. In this blog, you will learn what high triglycerides mean, their causes and symptoms, how they are diagnosed, and effective ways to reduce them naturally and medically. 

What Does High Triglycerides Mean?

High triglycerides means that there is an excess amount of triglycerides, a type of fat (lipid), circulating in your blood.  

Our bodies use calories for functioning and physical activity, which are supplied from the food we eat. Excess calories that are not utilised by the body get converted into triglycerides, which are not needed immediately. These triglycerides are stored in fat cells and used for energy when required¹.

Triglycerides are important for normal body function, but having too much of them in the blood can become harmful. High triglyceride levels are frequently associated with unhealthy lifestyle practices such as consuming too much sweet or fatty food, lack of physical activity, smoking, consuming excessive alcohol, etc². They can also occur due to conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, kidney disease, or due to certain medications¹.

In most cases, high triglycerides do not cause noticeable symptoms², which is why many people discover them only during a routine blood test called a lipid profile. When triglyceride levels remain high for a long time, fatty deposits can build up in blood vessels, making it harder for blood to flow properly (atherosclerosis). This increases the risk of heart-related diseases and other complications³. Very high triglyceride levels can also affect the pancreas, leading to a painful condition called pancreatitis².

High Triglycerides Signs and Symptoms

• Yellow-red bump like fatty deposits under the skin (eruptive xanthomatosis). Usually seen on shoulders, thighs, legs, etc⁴ 
• Unexplained weight gain or obesity²
• Stomach pain, memory problems for a short period, and skin becoming red or warm after drinking alcohol (caused when excess fat builds up in the blood- multifactorial chylomicronaemia syndrome)²  
• Neurological symptoms like burning sensation, tingling, numbness or weakness on feet, legs, hands or arms (mainly caused when high triglycerides linked to diabetes)⁵ 
• Abdominal pain, vomiting or nausea (often linked with high glycerides causing pancreatitis)^2,6 

Since symptoms are often absent, regular health check-ups and lipid profile tests are important for early detection. 

What Causes High Triglycerides?

High triglycerides can be caused by an unhealthy lifestyle, certain medical problems, drugs, or genetics. Common causes include: 

1. Lifestyle Factors

• Diet: Consuming foods rich in calories regularly, especially sugary and high fat foods, can cause an elevation in triglycerides. 
• Exercise: Lack of physical activity can contribute to increased triglyceride retention in the body as less fat is burned as energy. 
• Smoking: Smoking can raise triglyceride levels by affecting the way your body processes fats and increasing unhealthy fat buildup in the blood. 
• Alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the levels of triglycerides in the body^1,2.
• Stress: Long-term stress can affect the hormonal balance and alter the body’s way of how fats are utilised; this can increase triglyceride levels⁷.

2. Medical Conditions

• Diabetes: Poorly controlled diabetes or insulin resistance can cause high triglycerides in the body^1,8.
• Liver or Kidney Disease^1,2: Liver or kidney disease can raise triglyceride levels by reducing the body’s ability to remove fats from the blood. 
• Thyroid Problems: Thyroid issues, mainly hypothyroidism, a condition where less thyroid hormones are produced, can reduce the metabolism, thereby altering the processing of fats and increasing triglyceride levels in the body^3,9 
• Obesity: Obesity can raise triglyceride levels by causing the body to store fat around the abdomen³.

3. Certain Medications

 Certain medications such as corticosteroids, hormonal pills (oestrogen), antivirals (ritonavir), antipsychotics, water pills (diuretics), BP medications (beta blockers) can increase triglycerides in the body^2,10.

4. Genetics

Some genetic disorders can also cause high triglyceride levels. Examples: Familial hypertriglyceridemia and combined hyperlipidaemia³.

Identifying the reasons for high triglycerides are important for choosing the right treatment and lifestyle changes to lower triglyceride levels effectively. 

Normal vs High Triglyceride Levels

Triglyceride levels are measured through a blood test known as a lipid profile. These levels help doctors determine how much fat is in your blood and whether it raises your risk of heart disease and other health issues. 

The following is a table which shows the ranges of triglycerides¹:

If you have normal triglycerides, it may suggest your body is successfully consuming and storing fats for energy without allowing excess fat to accumulate in the bloodstream. People who have normal triglyceride levels are less likely to have heart disease, stroke, or pancreatitis, especially if their other cholesterol levels are also within healthy range¹¹. 

High triglyceride levels imply that there is too much fat circulating in the blood. This usually occurs when the body consumes or retains more calories than it burns. Over time, extra fats can harden or restrict blood vessels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease².

Triglyceride levels above 500 mg/dL can increase the risk of pancreatic inflammation (pancreatitis), resulting in severe stomach pain. Very high levels may also alter blood vessels in the eyes, and cause skin changes on the chest, back, arms, or legs. Extremely high triglyceride levels (above 1,500 mg/dL) can sometimes stop the body from properly breaking down fats, a very dangerous condition called multifactorial chylomicronaemia syndrome².

Therefore, checking triglyceride levels regularly is important to identify potential health risks early. People with diabetes, obesity, heart disease, thyroid disorders, or a family history of lipid disorders may need more frequent monitoring².

Note: Triglyceride or lipid profile levels should be interpreted by a qualified doctor, as the results might vary depending on age, medical history, medications, and other personal factors. 

Blood Tests to Diagnose High Triglycerides

High triglyceride levels are detected with a simple blood test known as a lipid profile, which analyses the amount of fats (lipids) in the blood, including triglycerides, cholesterol (LDL, HDL), and total cholesterol. This test allows doctors to determine your risk of heart disease and other problems¹².

What the Triglyceride Blood Test Involves?

Your doctor will collect a simple blood sample, usually from an arm vein, for the test. It is a short, very minimally invasive process. The obtained sample is then analysed in a laboratory to identify the concentration of triglycerides in the bloodstream, as well as other lipid parameters¹². 

Fasting Requirements for the Test

For accurate triglyceride results, fasting is generally recommended: 

• Fasting duration: 9-12 hours before the test¹²
• What is allowed: Only water during the fasting period 
• What to avoid: Food, tea, coffee, juice, alcohol, smoking, etc. before the test¹³ 

Note: Taking a test without fasting can show variations in values of triglycerides and other lipids. Talk to your doctor if you are taking any medications or supplements, as they can also interfere with the result. Also, do not stop any medications without your doctor’s permission¹².

When Should You Take the Test?

Your doctor might suggest a lipid profile test in the following situations: 

• As part of a routine health check-up (typically every few years for adults) 
• If you have risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking habit or a sedentary lifestyle¹⁴
• If there is a family history of heart disease or lipid disorders²
• To monitor the effectiveness of treatment for high cholesterol or triglycerides¹⁴

Your doctor might suggest taking the test in the morning following an overnight fast, making it easier to meet the fasting requirement and ensuring consistent and reliable findings¹⁵.

High Triglycerides Treatment

High triglyceride levels are addressed based on their severity and the individual’s overall risk of heart disease or pancreatitis. Doctors may give drugs to help lower triglycerides and avoid problems. Common medications include the following: 

• Statins: Commonly used medications for high cholesterols and triglycerides. 
• Prescription Omega-3 Fatty Acids: These are high-dose fish oil–based medicines that help reduce triglyceride production. 
• Fibrates: One of the effective medicines to lower triglycerides and cholesterol in blood. 

Doctors may also address conditions like diabetes or thyroid issues that trigger excessive triglyceride levels. Managing these conditions helps improve overall lipid levels².

Note: The information provided in this section is for general educational purposes only and is not intended to substitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.  

Diet for High Triglycerides

A healthy diet plays an important role in managing high triglyceride levels. Certain foods can help improve fat metabolism, support heart health, and reduce excess triglycerides in the blood. The following are few among them: 

• Complex Carbohydrates: Carbs such as oats, brown rice, and other whole grains should be chosen as they are rich in fibre, which helps reduce the absorption of fat and sugar in the body, thereby lowering triglyceride and cholesterol levels and reducing blood sugar spikes¹⁶.
• Proteins: Lean protein from sources such as kidney beans, lentils, chickpeas etc. can be consumed. Fatty fishes such as salmon, sardines and mackerel can be a great choice as they are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which help lower triglyceride production³.
• Green Leafy Vegetables: Plenty of leafy greens such as spinach, kale, and other leafy greens should be included in the diet as these are low in calories and high in fibre and antioxidants. They may help improve metabolism and support overall cardiovascular health¹⁷.
• Healthy Fats: Sources of healthy fats such as fish, nuts and seeds like almonds, walnuts, chia seeds, flaxseeds, fruits like avocado, unsaturated oils like canola, sunflower, soyabean etc. can be included as they may help reduce the triglycerides and other bad fats. They also support good cholesterol (HDL) levels when eaten in moderation^2,18.

Food to Avoid with High Triglycerides

High triglyceride levels can be worsened by certain foods, so it is important to limit or avoid them to help maintain better blood lipid control. Here are few among them: 

• Sugary foods and Sweets: These include cakes, candies, chocolates, and desserts, which are high in sugar. The body converts them into triglycerides when consumed in excess².
• Refined Carbohydrates: These include white bread, pasta, noodles, etc., which digest fast and contribute to high triglycerides in the body¹⁹.
• Fried or Processed Foods: These include burger, processed meat, French fries, chips, etc., which are high in fat and triglycerides¹⁹. 
• Alcohol: Alcohol can significantly increase triglycerides, especially when consumed regularly or in large amounts^1,2. 

How to Reduce High Triglycerides Naturally?

High triglyceride levels can typically be reduced with easy lifestyle adjustments that enhance fat management and general heart health. These include the following: 

• Dietary Adjustments: Reducing sugar, refined carbohydrates and unhealthy fats while including more fibre, omega-3 rich foods and healthy fats can help lower triglyceride levels^2,3. 
• Healthy Lifestyle Habits: Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, getting proper sleep and managing stress can significantly help manage triglycerides in the body².
• Healthy Body Weight: Achieving and maintaining an optimal weight helps reduce excess fat in the blood and lowers triglyceride levels naturally^1,2.
• Physical Activity^1,2,: Regular exercise helps burn excess calories, improves metabolism, and supports better triglyceride control in the blood. 

When to Consult a Doctor?

You should consult a doctor if: 

• Your blood test shows high triglyceride levels 
• You have diabetes, obesity, or high blood pressure^1,2 
• You have symptoms such as chest pain, abdominal pain, or breathlessness²⁰ 
• You have a family history of heart disease¹⁴
• Lifestyle changes are not improving your triglyceride levels 

Early diagnosis and treatment may help avoid serious complications and improve long-term health. 

Also Read: 10 Healthy Fat Foods That You Should Be Eating!

Conclusion

High triglycerides are common and can be managed. They usually don’t show symptoms early, but if left untreated, they can increase the risk of heart disease and other health problems. Regular blood tests, healthy eating, exercise, and proper medical care can help control triglyceride levels. Making early lifestyle changes and getting timely treatment can help protect your heart and overall health. 

Also Read: Low HDL (Good) Cholesterol: Causes, Symptoms & How to Increase It

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Triglycerides med. 2025. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/triglycerides.html 

2. High Blood Triglycerides. 2025. doi:https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/high-blood-triglycerides 

3. Triglycerides. doi:https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/triglycerides 

4. Eruptive xanthomatosis. 2024. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007746.htm 

5. Peripheral Neuropathy. doi:https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/nerve-damage-diabetic-neuropathies/peripheral-neuropathy 

6. Pancreatitis. 2024. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/pancreatitis.html 

7. Anni NS, Jung SJ, Shim JS, Jeon YW, Lee GB, Kim HC. Stressful life events and serum triglyceride levels: the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center cohort in Korea. Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021042. doi:10.4178/epih.e2021042 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34126706/

8. Smellie WSA. Hypertriglyceridaemia in diabetes. BMJ. 2006;333(7581):1257-1260. doi:10.1136/bmj.39043.398738.DE https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1702429/

9. Pearce EN. Hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia: Modern concepts and approaches. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2004;6(6):451-456. doi:10.1007/s11886-004-0054-3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15485607/

10. Herink MC. Medication Induced Changes in Lipids and Lipoproteins. 2025. doi:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK326739/ 

11. In brief: Triglycerides. 2025. doi:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK618443/ 

12. Lipid profile test. 2024. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007812.htm 

13. Fasting for a Blood Test. 2025. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/fasting-for-a-blood-test/ 

14. Testing for Cholesterol. 2024. doi:https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/testing/index.html 

15. Nigam PK. Serum Lipid Profile: Fasting or Non-fasting? Ind J Clin Biochem. 2011;26(1):96-97. doi:10.1007/s12291-010-0095-x https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22211025/

16. Fiber: The Carb That Helps You Manage Diabetes. 2024. doi:https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/healthy-eating/fiber-helps-diabetes.html 

17. Nurzyńska-Wierdak R. Green Leafy Vegetables (GLVs) as Nutritional and Preventive Agents Supporting Metabolism. Metabolites. 2025;15(8):502. doi:10.3390/metabo15080502 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40863121/

18. Guasch-Ferré M, Tessier AJ, Petersen KS, et al. Effects of Nut Consumption on Blood Lipids and Lipoproteins: A Comprehensive Literature Update. Nutrients. 2023;15(3):596. doi:10.3390/nu15030596 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36771303/

19. Dietary advice for management of high triglycerides. 2024. doi:https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/dietary-advice-for-management-of-high-triglycerides/ 

20. Warning signs and symptoms of heart disease. 2024. doi:https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000775.htm 

21. Jadhav HB, Annapure US. Triglycerides of medium-chain fatty acids: a concise review. J Food Sci Technol. 2023;60(8):2143-2152. doi:10.1007/s13197-022-05499w https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35761969/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

Protein in Urine (Proteinuria): What Is It, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & More

Introduction

Protein in urine, or proteinuria, is a common condition that can affect people of any age. Sometimes, it is temporary and not serious. However, if it persists or occurs in large amounts, it may indicate an underlying health problem, especially related to the kidneys. The kidneys normally filter waste while keeping important substances like proteins in the blood. When they are not working properly, proteins can leak into the urine. This makes proteinuria an early sign of possible kidney disease¹.

Early diagnosis is very important because it can help detect kidney problems or other health conditions at an early stage¹.

This article can guide to better understand what proteinuria is, why it happens, its causes and symptoms, how it is diagnosed, and the available treatment options.

What is Proteinuria?

Proteins are important substances that are essential to keep your body healthy. They help give you energy, build and repair muscles, and support your immune system. They can be seen throughout the body, including your blood¹.

Your kidneys work like natural filters, cleaning your blood and getting rid of toxins. They keep important substances like proteins in your body while removing waste and extra fluids as urine. This filtering process is very careful, so useful things are not lost.

When the kidneys are affected by disease or when these filters get damaged, they may not work properly. As a result, proteins that should stay in the blood can leak into the urine. This condition is called proteinuria¹.

The leakage of protein into the urine can also be due to other reasons like infections, high blood pressure (BP), diabetes, or even temporary conditions like stress, fever, or intense physical activity². In some cases, proteinuria associated conditions may not cause any noticeable symptoms, especially in the early stages, which is why testing is important for detection¹.

Reasons for Protein in Urine

Proteinuria can occur due to several reasons. The following are some of the most common proteinuria causes.

• Kidney Disease: Conditions like chronic kidney disease (CKD), urinary tract infections (UTIs), nephrotic syndrome, etc., can damage the kidney filters. This damage allows protein to leak into the urine over time^1,2.
• Diabetes: High blood sugar can cause diabetic nephropathy. This leads to damage to the kidney’s filtering units (glomeruli), causing protein leakage in urine².
• Hypertension: Uncontrolled BP damages the blood vessels in the kidneys over time. This reduces their ability to filter properly, which can eventually lead to protein leaking into the urine and CKD³.
• Autoimmune Disorders: In conditions like lupus or IgA nephropathy, the immune system attacks the kidney tissues. This causes inflammation and protein leakage⁴.
• Heart Disease: Poor heart function reduces blood flow to the kidneys. This affects their ability to filter properly, leading to proteinuria².
• Multiple Myeloma & Blood Cancers: These cancers produce abnormal proteins that can pass into the urine. They may also damage the kidneys over time⁵.
• Amyloidosis: A condition where abnormal proteins build up in different parts of the body. These proteins stick together and form deposits that can interfere with how organs normally work. This can cause proteinuria and affect kidney health⁶.
• Medications: Certain drugs like painkillers or antibiotics can damage the kidneys if used long-term. This damage can cause protein to leak into the urine².
• Other Causes: Pregnancy, dehydration, fever, injury, alcohol consumption, etc^2,7.

Protein in Urine Symptoms

Protein in urine often does not cause symptoms in the early stages. When symptoms do appear, they may indicate kidney problem or malnutrition caused by protein loss. These symptoms may include:

• Puffy eyelids and swelling in the body (mainly hands and feet)
• Bloody or foamy urine
• Weight changes (Mostly weight gain with swelling, sometimes weight loss if affected by malnutrition)
• Numbness, dry skin or itching (these all are due to consequence of chronic malnutrition due to protein loss and not per se proteinuria)
• Severe fatigue/ tiredness
• Reduced or increased urination
• Improper sleep
• Difficulty in breathing
• Difficulty focusing, concentrating, or processing thoughts¹

Types of Proteinuria

Based on the duration, proteinuria can be classified into three

1. Transient Proteinuria

Transient proteinuria is a temporary condition. The protein is found in the urine for a short time, but it goes away once the cause is fixed or disappears. It usually does not mean there is permanent kidney damage. This can happen during short-term situations like fever, seizures, or after heavy exercise, when the body is under stress. It may also occur due to emotional stress, dehydration⁸, exposure to cold weather or pregnancy². Sometimes, no obvious reason is found⁸.

2. Orthostatic Proteinuria

Orthostatic proteinuria is a common condition in children and teenagers, especially boys during adolescence. In this, protein appears in the urine only when the person has been standing or active for several hours. The exact cause is not fully known, but it may be related to changes in blood flow

in the left kidney due to slight pressure on a kidney vein when standing. It is usually a harmless condition and does not indicate any significant health problems⁸.

3. Persistent Proteinuria

Persistent proteinuria indicates the consistent presence of protein in urine. It usually indicates a kidney problem, most often involving the kidney’s filtering units (glomeruli). When these filters are damaged, proteins like albumin can leak into the urine⁸. Persistent proteinuria is associated with conditions such as glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, hypertension, autoimmune disorders, diabetic nephropathy, myeloma, etc².

How is Protein in Urine Diagnosed?

If you have symptoms associated with proteinuria, your doctor might recommend the following tests for you based on your condition:

• Urine Dipstick Test: This is usually the first, simplest, and most commonly used test to check for protein in urine. It is quick, painless, and can be done in a clinic or laboratory within minutes. A specially treated chemical strip (dipstick) is dipped into a fresh urine sample. If protein is present, a chemical reaction causes the strip to change colour, which is then compared with a standard colour chart. It detects the presence of protein in urine, mainly albumin (the most common type of protein lost) and gives a quick result as negative or positive, or an approximate level, depending on protein concentration².
• Urine Protein-to-Creatinine Ratio (UPCR): This test is considered as more accurate and convenient to measure protein loss in urine. This is done using a single urine sample, preferably the first morning urine, which gives more accurate results. The test compares protein and creatinine levels to estimate how much protein is being lost in urine. If the UPCR value is higher than 15 mg/mmol, it may suggest a problem and needs further medical evaluation².
• 24-Hour Urine Protein Test: In this test, all urine passed over a full 24-hour period is collected in a special container. This collection is very important because it captures every drop of urine produced in a day, giving an overall and accurate picture of protein loss. After collection, the sample is sent to the laboratory, where it is carefully analysed to measure the total amount of protein present in the urine. It measures the total quantity of protein excreted in urine over 24 hours, which helps doctors understand how much protein the kidneys are leaking in a day¹. The table below shows the proteinuria levels based on the amount of protein lost in urine.

The table shows three levels of protein in urine based on how much protein is lost. Normal means only a small, healthy amount of protein is present. The nephritic range means there is a mild to moderate increase, which may suggest early kidney problems or inflammation. The nephrotic range means a very high protein loss, usually indicating serious kidney disease that needs medical care².

• Blood Tests: Your doctor might suggest several blood tests if you have proteinuria, to understand the causes. These tests include:
  • Serum creatinine test: Measures the level of creatinine, which is a waste produced in our body by muscle activity and digestion of protein in food. High creatinine levels may indicate kidney problems such as acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease⁹. This can indicates poor filtration by the kidneys, which causes loss of protein in the urine.
  • Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): Shows how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. It is calculated using blood creatinine levels, age, sex, and sometimes another marker called cystatin C. A higher eGFR means better kidney function, while a lower value means reduced kidney function. In general, an eGFR below 60 suggests kidney disease, and below 15 indicates kidney failure. However, it naturally decreases with age⁹.
  • Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test: Measures BUN, which is a waste product formed when your body breaks down protein from food. If the kidneys are not working well, BUN levels can increase. However, BUN alone is not very useful, therefore, doctors usually interpret it along with creatinine and eGFR to assess kidney function⁹.
  • Serum protein electrophoresis: Measures different types of proteins in the blood by separating them into groups. It helps detect abnormal protein patterns linked to infections, kidney disease, autoimmune disorders, and certain blood cancers¹⁰.
  • Antinuclear antibody test (ANA): Measures antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in the blood, which may attack the body’s own cells. High levels can suggest autoimmune diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or scleroderma. However, the ANA test alone is not diagnostic, so results are interpreted along with symptoms and other tests¹¹.

Protein in Urine Treatment

The following are some common treatment strategies used to deal with proteinuria:

• Management of Blood Pressure: Controlling high blood pressure is essential to reduce protein loss and protect kidney function. Your doctor might prescribe medications such as ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), etc., to manage BP⁸.
• Management of Diabetes: Maintaining good blood sugar control is important to avoid damage to kidney’s filtering units, glomeruli, which can otherwise become leaky. Your doctor might prescribe antidiabetic medications or insulin therapy or oral antidiabetic medicines like metformin or GLP-1 receptor agonists along with lifestyle modifications.
• Managing Fluid retention: Maintaining fluid balance is important to avoid proteinuria. Your doctor might prescribe diuretics to remove excess fluid from your body².
• Others: Depending on the cause, your doctor might prescribe additional medications. These may include immunosuppressive drugs for kidney conditions like lupus nephritis, statins to manage cholesterol levels or antibiotics for infections like UTI^12,13,14.

Note: Not all medicines are needed for everyone. Treatment varies from person to person and will be prescribed by your doctor based on your condition. Medicines should only be taken under the guidance of your doctor. Self-medication can harm your health or may not provide the expected effectiveness, if not taken with guidance.

How to Reduce Protein in Urine Naturally?

The following are some ways by which you may avoid protein loss:

• Reduce Sodium Intake: Reducing fast food or processed food consumption (package foods), and foods which are high in salt (chips, pickles, etc.), is an effective way to lower blood pressure and ease the strain on the kidneys, which can help reduce protein loss in urine¹⁵.
• Follow a Low-Protein or Plant-Based Diet: Limiting overall protein intake, particularly from animal sources, can reduce strain on the kidneys. Choosing plant-based proteins such as lentils and beans, along with increasing fibre intake, may help improve kidney health¹⁶ and reduce protein loss.
• Improve Hydration: Staying well hydrated supports normal kidney function and helps maintain the balance of fluids in your body, reducing the risk of protein loss in urine caused by dehydration^2,17.
• Exercise Regularly: Engaging in regular physical activity helps improve overall health, supports blood pressure and manage blood sugar levels, and contributes to better kidney function³. This might in turn reduce protein loss.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Keeping your weight in a healthy range can lower your chances of problems like high blood pressure and diabetes^3,18, which are common causes of protein in urine¹.
• Consume Antioxidant Rich Foods: Eating antioxidants rich food such as berries, whole-grains, nuts, leafy-greens, etc. can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in kidney disease, which may help protect the kidneys¹⁹. This can thereby avoid protein loss by maintaining kidney health and lowering inflammation.
• Manage Blood Sugar Level: Following a balanced diet with low sugar and refined carbohydrates, and including whole grains, vegetables, and high-fibre foods might help maintain normal blood glucose levels and help reduce the risk of proteinuria²⁰.

Note: These suggestions are for general informational purposes only and are not a substitute for medical advice. Protein in urine may indicate an underlying health condition, so proper diagnosis and treatment should be done by a qualified healthcare professional. Always consult your doctor before making any dietary or lifestyle changes.

Also Read: Mucus in Urine: Is It Normal or a Sign of Infection?

When to Consult a Doctor?

You should consult a doctor if protein in urine is detected in a test or if you notice symptoms that may indicate kidney problems. Early medical evaluation is important to prevent complications and identify the underlying cause.

Seek medical attention if you notice:

• Persistent foamy urine
• Swelling in the face, hands, feet, or ankles
• Blood in urine or dark-coloured urine
• Reduced or unusually frequent urination
• Unexplained fatigue or weakness
• Sudden weight gain due to fluid retention
• Confusion, drowsiness, or difficulty thinking clearly
• Numbness, dry skin or itching¹

Even if there are no symptoms, repeated detection of protein in urine in routine tests should always be evaluated by a doctor, as it may be an early sign of kidney disease.

Also Read: Bacteria in Urine: Causes, Symptoms, Test, Treatment & Prevention

Conclusion

Protein in urine (proteinuria) is often an early sign that the kidneys may not be working properly. It can also occur due to infections, dehydration, or during pregnancy. In many cases, it is temporary, but persistent protein loss should not be ignored. Early testing and treatment can help protect kidney health and avoid serious complications. If you notice symptoms or abnormal test results, it is important to consult a doctor for proper evaluation.

Also Read: Crystals in Urine: Types, Causes, Symptoms & When to Worry

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Protein in Urine. 2024. doi: https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/protein-in-urine/
2. Haider MZ, Aslam A. Proteinuria. 2023. doi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564390/
3. High Blood Pressure & Kidney Disease. 2020. doi: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/high-blood-pressure
4. Lupus & Kidney Disease (Lupus Nephritis). 2017. doi: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/lupus-nephritis
5. Myeloma. doi: https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/blood-cancers/myeloma
6. Bustamante JG, Zaidi SRH. Amyloidosis. 2023. doi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470285/
7. Uehara S, Hayashi T, Kogawa Sato K, et al. Relationship Between Alcohol Drinking Pattern and Risk of Proteinuria: The Kansai Healthcare Study. J Epidemiol. 2016;26(9):464-470. doi:10.2188/jea.JE20150158. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/26/9/26_JE20150158/_article
8. Leung AKC, Wong AHC, Barg SSN. Proteinuria in Children: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2017;95(4):248-254. doi: https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0215/p248.html
9. Understanding your lab values and other CKD health numbers. 2023. doi: https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/understanding-your-lab-values-and-other-ckd-health-numbers
10. Protein electrophoresis – serum. 2024. doi: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003540.htm
11. ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) Test. 2025. doi: https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/ana-antinuclear-antibody-test/
12. Busuioc R, Ștefan G, Stancu S, Zugravu A, Mircescu G. Nephrotic Syndrome and Statin Therapy: An Outcome Analysis. Medicina. 2023;59(3):512. doi:10.3390/medicina59030512. https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/3/512/notes
13. Kang SC, Kim HW, Chang TI, et al. Reduction in proteinuria after immunosuppressive therapy and long-term kidney outcomes in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Korean J Intern Med. 2021;36(5):1169-1180. doi:10.3904/kjim.2020.240. https://www.kjim.org/upload/kjim-2020-240.pdf
14. Aggarwal N, Leslie SW. Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections. 2025. doi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557479/
15. Swift PA, Markandu ND, Sagnella GA, He FJ, MacGregor GA. Modest Salt Reduction Reduces Blood Pressure and Urine Protein Excretion in Black Hypertensives: A Randomized Control Trial. Hypertension. 2005;46(2):308-312. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000172662.12480.7f. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15983240/
16. Michail A, Andreou E. A Plant-Dominant Low-Protein Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease Management: A Narrative Review with Considerations for Cyprus. Nutrients. 2025;17(6):970. doi:10.3390/nu17060970. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/17/6/970
17. Healthy Hydration and Your Kidneys. 2024. doi: https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/healthy-hydration-and-your-kidneys
18. Managing Diabetes. doi: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/managing-diabetes
19. Rahaman MdM, Hossain R, Herrera‐Bravo J, et al. Natural antioxidants from some fruits, seeds, foods, natural products, and associated health benefits: An update. Food Science & Nutrition. 2023;11(4):1657-1670. doi:10.1002/fsn3.3217. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10084981/
20. Diabetes Meal Planning. 2024. doi: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/healthy-eating/diabetes-meal-planning.html
21. Airoldi J, Weinstein L. Clinical Significance of Proteinuria in Pregnancy: Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey. 2007;62(2):117-124. doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000253301.55009.ac. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17229328/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

Bilateral PCOD: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

Introduction

Polycystic ovarian changes commonly show up during ultrasound scans in women of reproductive age. They happen when the follicles in the ovaries fail to develop properly and are seen as small fluid-filled sacs on ultrasound scan^1,2.  

Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) are conditions linked to hormonal imbalances, mainly affecting the ovaries, but can also affect other parts of the body¹. Although the terms PCOD and PCOS are commonly used interchangeably, PCOD is a radiographic finding (based on ultrasound scans), while PCOS is the clinically accepted terminology which usually indicates a more severe condition associated with greater hormonal and metabolic disturbances.  

While PCOD and bilateral PCOD seem similar, there is a small difference here. Bilateral PCOD means that both the ovaries show polycystic changes, and unilateral PCOD is when only one ovary is affected³.  

In this blog, we will explain what bilateral PCOD means and how it develops in the body. We will also cover its symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment options that can help manage the condition and support better reproductive health. 

What Is Bilateral PCOD?

Polycystic ovary is diagnosed when an ovary has 12 or more small follicles or appears larger than normal (more than 10 cm³) in size as seen on an ultrasound scan. These changes can be seen in one ovary or in both the ovaries⁴. Bilateral PCOD is a term used when polycystic changes are seen in both the ovaries in an ultrasound scan. The word “bilateral” means “both sides”, so it indicates that changes are present in both the ovaries. Therefore, bilateral PCOD is not a separate disease entity but a way of reporting polycystic changes seen in both the ovaries radiographically³. 

Although known as polycystic ovaries, the term ‘cyst’ is misleading as these are not actual cysts but small ovarian follicles that fail to develop. Normally, the follicles in the ovary grow and release an egg during ovulation. But in polycystic ovaries, hormone imbalance stops them from maturing properly, so the ovary may have many small, underdeveloped follicles⁵.  

In bilateral polycystic ovaries, both ovaries may show similar structural changes such as: 

• Enlarged ovaries with multiple small follicles (fluid-filled sacs)² 
• Dense stroma (inner tissue of the ovary getting more compact, solid, or tightly packed)⁶ 

As the follicles don’t develop properly, egg may not be released regularly from the ovaries, affecting the normal menstrual cycle and may even impact fertility, depending on the severity of the condition^1,6. 

Causes of Bilateral PCOD

PCOD or PCOS can develop due to a combination of hormonal, genetic, metabolic, lifestyle, and inflammatory factors that together disrupt normal ovarian function. 

• Insulin Resistance: Women with PCOD develop insulin resistance, which makes the pancreas produce more insulin than normal. This excess insulin then stimulates the ovaries to produce higher levels of androgens (male hormones), which can interfere with regular ovulation⁵. 
• Hormonal Imbalance: Abnormal hormone levels stop the follicles from growing and maturing properly to release eggs. As a result, these immature follicles build up in the ovaries⁵. 
• Genetic Factor: Women who have a mother or sister with PCOD have a higher risk of developing the condition themselves due to shared genetic and hormonal factors². 
• Lifestyle and Diet: Hormonal balance can be affected in women with a sedentary (inactive) lifestyle, high stress, obesity, sleep and poor eating habits thereby increasing the risk of developing PCOD^2,6. 
• Inflammation: Women with chronic inflammation may experience increased production of androgens (male hormones) in the body, which can also disrupt normal metabolic functions. Over time, this can affect overall hormonal balance and metabolic health⁷. 

Symptoms of Bilateral PCOD

Symptoms of Bilateral PCOD may range from being asymptomatic (no symptoms, only ultrasound findings) to having severe symptoms similar to PCOS, including: 

• Irregularity or absence of menstrual cycles 
• Excess hair growth on the face, chest, abdomen, or thighs 
• Weight gain, obesity, or difficulty in losing weight 
• Severe acne that may not go away with treatment 
• Oily skin 
• Dark, thickened patches of skin (acanthosis nigricans) 
• Infertility (not for all, still a common cause in many)¹ 
• Hair thinning (baldness) or hair loss 
• Fatigue or low energy levels 
• Mood changes, such as anxiety, depression, or mood swings² 

Diagnosis of Bilateral PCOD

Bilateral PCOD is a radiographic term (based on ultrasound scan) and does not have a definite diagnostic criterion as per standard guidelines. However, generally along with an ultrasound, your doctor will take a proper medical history and may suggest some blood tests to understand the impact of the condition. 

1. Medical History

Your doctor will discuss your symptoms and do an overall assessment. They may ask for: 

• Your menstrual cycles, whether they are regular or any irregular, infrequent, or missed periods⁵. 
• Associated symptoms such as obesity, acne, oily skin, dark patches on the skin, and thinning hair on the scalp (alopecia)^1,2. 
• Existing conditions like diabetes or prediabetes⁵. 
• Family history of PCOD^1,2. 

2. Hormonal Blood Test

Your doctor might suggest several blood tests to understand whether you have PCOD or are at a risk of developing it¹. She might suggest tests such as: 

• Androgen tests: Measures male hormone levels, which are often elevated in PCOD, causing acne, excess hair growth, or hair thinning. They help confirm hyperandrogenism, a condition were the male hormones (androgens) in the body will be higher than normal levels⁷. 
• Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) test: Helps identify high AMH, which is often higher in PCOD due to an increased number of small ovarian follicles⁸. However, this alone cannot diagnose bilateral PCOD. 
• Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): Checks how the body processes sugar after drinking glucose. It helps detect early blood sugar problems like prediabetes or insulin resistance and is useful in assessing metabolic health in PCOD⁹. 

3. Ultrasound

Ultrasound findings are important to diagnose Bilateral PCOD. An Ultrasound scan will show multiple follicles in the ovaries through high-frequency sound waves and produces clear images. Their types include: 

• Transabdominal ultrasound: This is done over the stomach and was one of the first methods used to detect PCOD.  
• Transvaginal ultrasound: This is performed through the vagina. It gives clearer and more detailed images of the ovaries than transabdominal ultrasound.  
• 3D-ultrasound: It provides more accurate and objective measurements and can detect more follicles than 2D ultrasound¹⁰. 

Note: The diagnosis of PCOS is based on the Rotterdam criteria⁷ and requires the presence of least 2 of the following 3, irrespective of unilateral or bilateral involvement of ovaries: Oligo or Anovulation (egg may not mature properly or may fail to be released during ovulation), Hyperandrogenism (high levels of male sex hormones), Polycystic Ovarian Changes (seen on ultrasound).  

Treatment of Bilateral PCOD

Treatment for polycystic ovaries focuses on managing symptoms, improving fertility, and avoiding long-term problems. While there is no permanent solution, treatment is personalised to help achieve goals like regular periods, clearer skin, reduced hair growth, and improved chances of pregnancy. 

Treatment options that help manage PCOD and its symptoms: 

• Hormonal Therapy or Birth Control Methods: You might be recommended to take hormonal pills, patch, vaginal ring or a hormone intrauterine device (IUD). The hormonal therapy may help regulate menstruation, reduce the risk for endometrial cancer, and help reduce acne and unwanted facial and body hair^1,11. 
• Insulin-Sensitising Drugs: You might be prescribed insulin-sensitising drugs such as metformin (for type-2 diabetic patients or some patients with insulin resistance). It helps the body use insulin better and lowers blood sugar, insulin, and androgen levels. It may help restore ovulation after a few months but usually has little effect on acne or excess hair. However, it is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to particularly treat PCOD^1,11. 
• Anti-Androgen Drugs: You might be suggested to take anti-androgen medicines, which block the effect of male hormone androgen and can help reduce symptoms such as hair loss, unwanted hair growth, and acne. However, these are not recommended by FDA for treating PCOD or bilateral PCOD^1,11. These medicines are recommended to be taken along with contraceptives, as they may cause birth defects in a developing baby (teratogenicity). 
• Cosmetic and dermatological treatments: Your cosmetologist might suggest methods like laser hair removal, electrolysis, and topical treatments to manage symptoms like unwanted hair and acne. These can improve physical appearance and quality of life^1,11. 
• Management of Metabolic Complications: Your doctor might suggest regular monitoring and treatment of conditions like diabetes, high cholesterol, and hypertension. This helps reduce long-term health risks associated with PCOD¹. 

Treatment options if you want to get pregnant while having polycystic ovaries: 

• Fertility Medicines: Your doctor might prescribe you fertility medicines once the infertility problem is confirmed. He might give you medicines like clomiphene, which help you in ovulation¹¹. 
• Surgery: Your doctor might recommend surgery in very rare cases where medicines like clomiphene fail to induce ovulation. The surgery includes drilling ovaries, as the outer layer of the ovary becomes thick and may restrict normal egg release. The doctor makes small holes in the ovary using heat or a laser to help restore ovulation¹¹. 
• In vitro Fertilisation: Your doctor might prescribe IVF if medicines do not work. In this process, the egg is fertilised in a lab and then placed in the uterus, giving higher chances of pregnancy. 

Note: All the tests and treatments mentioned in this section should only be carried out under the guidance of a qualified gynaecologist and cosmetologist. Self-medication is not recommended. Ignoring professional advice and taking over-the-counter medicines may not provide benefits and can also negatively affect your health. 

Home Remedies for Bilateral PCOD

The following are some home remedies that may help in managing polycystic ovaries symptoms and improving overall hormonal balance. 

• Diet
  • Follow a healthy, balanced diet to help manage symptoms like irregular periods and weight gain². Focus on whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins. 
  •  Limit sugary and processed foods (may contain endocrine-disrupting chemicals affecting hormones) to support hormone balance¹². 
• Weight Management: Try losing weight. Losing even a small amount of weight, if you are overweight, can greatly help reduce symptoms, improve fertility, and lower the risk of complications². 
• Physical Activity: Perform regular exercise. This helps your body use insulin more effectively, which can reduce the effects of PCOS². 
• Stress Management: Involve in stress management techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga. These may help reduce anxiety and depression and ease stress¹³. 
• Proper Sleep: Get proper sleep for at least 6-8 hours, as it is essential for maintaining hormonal balance. Poor sleep can worsen insulin resistance and increase the severity of PCOD symptoms¹⁴. 
• Natural Supplements: Some herbal remedies like cinnamon, curcumin, sage, fennel, and traditional Chinese medicines may help support PCOS management by improving blood sugar control, reducing inflammation, and helping regulate menstrual cycles¹⁵. However, evidence regarding these supplements are limited and inconsistent, and their effectiveness is still not well established. Please confirm with your doctor if you are planning to start herbal supplementation for PCOD to avoid adverse effects due to them. 

Note: Although home care measures can help manage the symptoms of polycystic ovaries, they should not replace proper medical treatment. Always consult your doctor before attempting weight loss or using herbal supplements. These remedies should be used alongside prescribed treatment, not as a substitute. Consult a doctor if the symptoms get worse. 

Also Read: PCOD Diet Chart: Foods to Eat, Avoid, Meal Plan & Lifestyle Tips 

When to Consult a Doctor?

The following are some symptoms you should not ignore, whether or not you have bilateral PCOD. 

• Irregular, missed, or absent menstrual periods 
• Excess facial or body hair, severe acne, or hair thinning 
• Unexplained weight gain or difficulty losing weight² 
• Difficulty in conceiving or infertility issues 
• Darkening of skin¹¹ 
• Persistent fatigue or low energy levels 
• Mood changes such as anxiety, depression, or mood swings² 
• Worsening of PCOD-related symptoms  
• Planning to get pregnant¹¹ 
• Signs of high blood sugar (increased thirst, frequent urination) 

If you have already been diagnosed with bilateral PCOD, it is important to regularly monitor your symptoms. Even if you are not diagnosed but experience similar symptoms, consult your doctor for proper evaluation and guidance. 

Also Read: PCOS Diet: How to Use Food to Help Manage Your PCOS

Conclusion

Now you might be clear with the bilateral PCOD meaning; it is caused when both ovaries are affected by changes caused by a hormone imbalance. While it may cause symptoms like irregular periods, weight changes, and skin issues, it can be managed effectively with proper treatment and lifestyle changes. Early diagnosis and regular medical guidance play an important role in avoiding complications. With the right care, many women can maintain good reproductive and overall health. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. 2024. Doi: https://medlineplus.gov/polycysticovarysyndrome.html 

2. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). 2024. Doi: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-pcos#symptoms 

3. Leelamma J, Pillai MT, S A, Nambisan B, Nambiar R. Comparison between unilateral and bilateral polycystic ovaries in adolescent PCOS. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS). 5(6):2472-2477. Doi: https://www.saspublishers.com/article/14089/download/ 

4. Christ JP, Cedars MI. Current Guidelines for Diagnosing PCOS. Diagnostics. 2023;13(6):1113. doi:10.3390/diagnostics13061113. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36980421/ 

5. Polycystic ovary syndrome. 2020. Doi: https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/polycystic-ovary-syndrome/ 

6. Nallaparaju LS. QUANTIFYING THE PREVALENCE AND INTERDEPENDENT RELATIONSHIPOF PCOD, OBESITY, AND DEPRESSION – A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL, POLYCENTRIC STUDY. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 12(7):732-764. Doi: https://wjpr.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/article_issue/57fb03a2e4edae203d6b8262b656e58b.pdf 

7. Sadeghi HM, Adeli I, Calina D, et al. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Management, and Drug Repurposing. IJMS. 2022;23(2):583. doi:10.3390/ijms23020583. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35054768/ 

8. Anti-Müllerian Hormone Test. 2023. Doi: https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/anti-mullerian-hormone-test/ 

9. Prosperi S, Chiarelli F. Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovaries: an intriguing conundrum. Front Endocrinol. 2025;16:1669716. doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1669716. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1669716/full 

10. Di Michele S, Fulghesu AM, Pittui E, et al. Ultrasound Assessment in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Diagnosis: From Origins to Future Perspectives—A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines. 2025;13(2):453. doi:10.3390/biomedicines13020453. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40002866/ 

11. Polycystic ovary syndrome: OASH. 2025. Doi: https://womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/polycystic-ovary-syndrome 

12. Paramasivam A, Murugan R, Jeraud M, Dakkumadugula A, Periyasamy R, Arjunan S. Additives in Processed Foods as a Potential Source of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: A Review. JoX. 2024;14(4):1697-1710. doi:10.3390/jox14040090. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39584955/ 

13. Rao V, Pena A, James A, et al. The role of meditation and mindfulness in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a scoping review. Front Endocrinol. 2024;15:1295705. doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1295705. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38818503/ 

14. Goodarzi L, Ahmadi MM, Ramezanirad M, et al. The Role of Sleep Hygiene in Different Patterns of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Insights from Modern and Persian Medicine. MJIRI. Published online February 25, 2025. doi:10.47176/mjiri.39.116. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12584089/ 

15. Muhammed Saeed AA, Noreen S, Awlqadr FH, et al. Nutritional and herbal interventions for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a comprehensive review of dietary approaches, macronutrient impact, and herbal medicine in management. J Health Popul Nutr. 2025;44(1):143. doi:10.1186/s41043-025-00899-y. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40317096/ 

16. Bassette E, Ducie JA. Endometrial Cancer in Reproductive-Aged Females: Etiology and Pathogenesis. Biomedicines. 2024;12(4):886. doi:10.3390/biomedicines12040886. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38672240/ 

17. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Blog. 2024. Doi: https://www.fda.gov/consumers/knowledge-and-news-women-owh-blog/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-blog 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

Muscle Spasm: Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

Introduction

Have you ever experienced a sudden painful cramp in your muscle that makes it hard to move? This is called a muscle spasm. It occurs when a muscle contracts unexpectedly but does not relax properly¹. Muscle spasms are very common and may occur to anybody despite their age. They can occur during exercise, while resting, or even during sleep, like the familiar leg cramps many people experience at night^1,2. In most of the cases, these spasms are harmless and may resolve themselves. However, they can cause discomfort or pain and may interrupt daily activities. 

While most of the muscle cramps are harmless, some can indicate certain underlying health conditions¹. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and ways to manage muscle spasms can help you manage them better and stay comfortable. This article may help you understand all of this. 

What is a Muscle Spasm?

A muscle spasm is an involuntary contraction of a muscle a muscle suddenly tightens on its own without you trying to control it. Normally, the muscles contract and relax smoothly, which gives a smooth movement. But during a spasm, the affected muscle contracts unexpectedly and does not relax properly. It can cause sudden, tight and intense pain¹.

This can happen in a single muscle or a group of muscles. It can last from a few seconds to several minutes³ and may occur once in a while or repeatedly. It is often triggered by factors such as overuse, dehydration, poor circulation, or electrolyte imbalance³. 

What Does a Muscle Spasm Feel Like?

A muscle spasm can feel different from person to person, but it is usually sudden and noticeable. It often begins without warning and may last for a few seconds to several minutes. The common muscle spasm symptoms include: 

• Sudden Tightening or Knotting⁴: The muscle tightens on its own, feeling like a hard, painful knot under the skin. 
• Stiffness or Rigid⁵: The affected area becomes stiff and difficult to move. 
• Sharp, Intense Pain¹: The pain may be sudden and strong, feeling severe and hard to ignore. 
• Distorted or Twitched⁴: The muscles suddenly move on their own in small jerks. 
• Soreness⁴: The muscles become tender, or uncomfortable, especially when you move or touch it. 
• Lingering Discomfort⁴: The muscles retain mild pain or tightness for some time even after. 

Causes of Muscle Spasm

Muscle spasm can occur due to several reasons. The following are some common muscle spasm causes. 

• Dehydration^1,6: Lack of water can disturb the muscle function, making muscles more likely to tighten, cramp, or spasm.
• Electrolyte Imbalance: Loss of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium etc., from the body causes electrolyte imbalance leading, to muscle cramps^3,6.
• Vitamin Deficiencies: Deficiencies of certain vitamins, such as vitamin B and D, can cause muscle spasms, especially during pregnancy⁴.
• Overuse/Muscle Fatigue: Repetitive physical activity or over usage of the same muscles makes it feel tired or stressed, causing cramps. This is usually the most common cause^3,6.
• Nerve Compression: Nerve compression due to a spinal cord injury or a pinched nerve in the neck or back can interfere with normal nerve signals, causing muscle pain, weakness, tingling, or spasms³.
• Poor Circulation: Poor blood circulation or inadequate blood flow towards muscles during pregnancy can deprive them of oxygen or nutrients, resulting in muscle spasm^3,6.
• Pregnancy: Pregnancy weight gain and nerve pressure can hurt the leg and muscles, causing them to get cramps⁷ usually during the second and third trimester⁴.
• Medicines: Muscle cramps can occur as the side effects of certain medicines. These include diuretics, long-acting beta agonists (LABA), cholesterol-lowering statins, etc^1,6.
• Poor Posture: Not moving from a particular position during work or while sleeping can contribute to muscle spasm⁴.
• Stress and Anxiety: Being stressed or anxious causes the muscles to get tightened, especially in the neck and shoulders, which may lead to pain or spasms⁸.
• Underlying Health Conditions: Certain underlying health conditions such as anaemia, diabetes, congestive cardiac failure, thyroid issues, neuromuscular disorders, liver diseases⁶ etc. can also cause muscle spasms. 

Types of Muscle Spasms

Muscle spasms can happen in different parts of the body due to reasons like poor posture, exercise, dehydration, or health issues. The feeling may vary depending on the muscle affected. They include the following:

• Neck and Shoulder Spasms (Torticollis): Stiffness and pain around the neck and shoulders, causing difficulty in turning the head and stretching the neck. Often caused by poor posture or sudden trauma to the neck¹⁰.
• Back Muscle Spasms: Sudden upper or lower back pain, causing stiffness and reduced movement. Often triggered by lifting heavy objects or poor posture¹¹.
• Hand Muscle Spasm (Writer’s Cramp): Affects hand movements, especially in adults, especially during writing or other fine tasks. May not have pain, but it can cause the fingers or wrist to bend or twist abnormally⁴.
• Calf, Foot and Thigh Spasms: Forceful stretching of the muscles around the legs, where the symptoms last up to 10 minutes. The cramps often occur at night but can anytime, especially during winter^4,12.
• Abdominal Muscle Spasm: Pain in the abdomen or stomach (sometimes very bad), usually caused by gas and bloating or as a result of menstruation¹³.

Are Muscle Spasms Serious?

Most muscle spasms are harmless and temporary. They usually happen due to common causes like dehydration, stress, muscle fatigue or overuse and often go away on their own within a few seconds to minutes. In many cases, simple measures such as rest, gentle stretching, hydration, and applying heat or cold may help relieve the discomfort^1,3,8.

However, sometimes they can also indicate some underlying conditions, such as nerve disorders, organ-related problems or electrolyte imbalance leading to severe health problems⁶. Monitor symptoms and frequency and try improving hydration along with other simple techniques that may help relieve muscle spasm¹. If all these do not reduce the spasm issues, then it is good to consult a doctor to identify the cause. 

Thus, occasional muscle spasms can be considered normal, but persistent or severe symptoms, and those which interfere with day-to-day activities, could indicate an underlying issue and should be evaluated by a doctor. 

Diagnosis of Muscle Spasm

Muscle spasm has different diagnostic procedures to identify the causes. They include the following. This might help in deciding which muscle spasm treatment to take.

• Medical History: The doctor may undergo a detailed check regarding the following: 
  • Symptoms and frequency of spasms 
  • Lifestyle habits, physical activity, diet and hydration 
  • Any existing medical conditions or medications⁴
• Physical and Neurological Examination: The affected muscle is examined for the following: 
• Physical symptoms: Tightness, tenderness, swelling, restricted posture and muscle strength 
• Neurological assessment: Weakness, tingling, numbness, abnormal reflexes, etc. This might help determine muscle strength and sensation, which in turn help understand whether it is a nerve-related condition or possibly due to an underlying condition^4,6.
• Laboratory Tests (if needed): The doctor may recommend lab tests only if the physical exam suggests another condition or the patient does not improve with basic treatment⁴. These may help detect or monitor conditions like electrolyte imbalance, underlying diseases, etc⁶. The common tests prescribed include: 
• Serum ferritin and total iron-binding capacity: For people with leg syndrome, anaemia, or who are pregnant 
• Blood electrolytes: Patients taking diuretics, on dialysis, pregnant, or with cirrhosis 
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone: Patients with signs of hypothyroidism, such as tiredness, dry skin, swelling, missed periods, and constipation 
• Blood glucose level and haemoglobin A1C: Patients who may have or already have diabetes 
• Antiganglioside (GM1) antibody testing: Patients who may have a condition where the immune system affects the nerves that control movement⁴

Note: These are just a few examples; there may be more tests prescribed based on the medical history and symptoms. 

• Imaging Tests: The doctor may suggest scans like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) scans, which undergo imaging of bones and muscles and help check muscle injuries or muscle damage. 
• MRI: Helps detect muscle injuries. It gives very clear and detailed images of muscles, ligaments, and tendons. It helps doctors find small injuries and understand if the muscle damage is partial or complete. 
• US: Uses sound waves to look at muscles and soft tissues. It helps show muscle structure and movement in real time. However, it may not detect very small or mild injuries as well as MRI. 
• CT scan: Uses X-rays to create detailed images of bones and muscles. It is usually used when MRI is not available or suitable. It shows multiple views of the body⁶.

Treatment of Muscle Spasm

The cause of muscle spasm can range from mild to severe. Therefore, your doctor would suggest treatment based on the cause. The following are some treatment options which help to understand how to cure muscle spasm. These are for spasms which are frequent, severe, or linked to underlying conditions: 

• Pain-Relieving Tablets: The doctor might prescribe medicines like paracetamol or NSAIDs may help reduce pain and inflammation. 
• Muscle Relaxants: The doctor might prescribe medications such as gabapentin, or baclofen, which may be used for severe or recurrent spasms⁴.
• Supplementation: The doctor might provide supplements, such as magnesium supplements in pregnant women, to reduce cramps². Other supplements like vitamin D and calcium might also help to reduce symptoms¹⁴. 
• Epidural Injection: The doctor might suggest pain-reliever injections to reduce swelling and inflammation¹¹.
• Topical Treatment: The doctor might prescribe topical creams like capsaicin, which help reduce the sense of pain by suppressing the activity of nerve cells that cause pain¹⁵.
• Physiotherapy: The doctor might perform physiotherapy, which can reduce pain and stiffness in the muscles¹⁰.
• Treating Underlying Conditions: The doctor may check the electrolyte levels in the body or look for signs of underlying health conditions. Once the cause is confirmed, he may start treatment for the specific condition, which might help reduce muscle spasms⁶.

Note: The treatment methods described in this section are only to be performed under the guidance of a doctor. Avoid buying the medicines over the counter; instead seek medical attention for proper treatment. 

How to Manage Muscle Spasm Naturally?

The following are some natural ways you may try to manage muscle spasm: 

• Rest the Affected Muscle: Avoiding the activity that triggered the spasm and avoiding overusing¹ the muscle might reduce symptoms. 
• Perform Gentle Stretches: Slowly stretching the cramped muscle¹ might help it loosen and relax. 
• Give a Gentle Massage: Lightly massaging the area improves blood circulation and reduces tightness and other symptoms⁴. 
• Give a Warm or Cold Compress: Applying a heating pad or an ice pack might relax muscles and reduce pain and soreness³.
• Improve Hydration: Drinking enough fluids with electrolytes might help replace lost electrolytes and reduce the intensity of cramps⁴. Natural fluids with high electrolytes include coconut water, milk, orange juice, etc¹⁶. 
• Alter Posture: Changing posture during sleeping or while working might help^4,6 reduce the cramp and discomfort. 

Note: The above-mentioned methods are for temporary problems only. These alone may not resolve the problem completely. If you think spasm is not reducing and is still getting worse, please consult a doctor as soon as possible, as this can also indicate severe conditions. 

Prevention Tips for Muscle Spasms

The following are some tips that might help avoid muscle spasm: 

• Stay well hydrated by drinking enough water 
• Include electrolyte-rich foods like bananas, lentils, leafy greens, yogurt, etc 
• Avoiding exercising in intense heat 
• Do regular stretching exercises, especially before and after physical activity¹
• Maintain proper posture while sleeping, sitting, and standing⁶
• Avoid prolonged and intense exercises¹
• Practice relaxation techniques such as yoga and breathing exercises to calm the mind¹⁷ 
• Avoid wearing tight clothes 
• Get proper sleep at night⁵
• Wear well-fitted shoes and avoid high heels¹⁸ 
• Reduce alcohol consumption and caffeine intake⁴ 

When to See a Doctor?

Consult a doctor immediately if you have muscle spasms, which are: 

• Severe and frequent 
• Not getting better with simple treatments or changes¹ 
• Lasting for a longer period 
• Occurring along with swelling, redness, a warm sensation, or weakness³
• Causing difficulty in moving joints and worsening pain⁵ 
• Causing infection¹⁰
• Severely disturbing the night sleep⁴
• Accompanied by severe dehydration, vomiting and diarrhea¹⁸
• Occurring along with pain, numbness, and reduced sensation that comes and goes⁶

Conclusion

So, now you might be clear on muscle spasm meaning. They are common and usually harmless, often caused by factors like dehydration, overuse, or electrolyte imbalance. In most cases, they resolve with simple measures such as rest, hydration, and stretching. However, persistent or severe spasms may indicate an underlying health condition and should not be ignored. Early medical evaluation and proper management might help reduce recurrence and improve quality of life.

Also Read: Food Allergies: Symptoms, Types, Diagnosis & Home Remedies

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References

1. Muscle Cramps. doi: Available from: https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/muscle-cramps
2. Blyton F, Chuter V, Burns J. Unknotting night‐time muscle cramp: a survey of patient experience, help‐seeking behaviour and perceived treatment effectiveness. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research. 2012;5(1):7. doi:10.1186/1757-1146-5-7. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3361473/
3. Muscle Cramps. 2025. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/musclecramps.html
4. Goldin J, Sugumar K. Muscle Cramps. 2025. doi: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499895/
5. Caring for muscle spasticity or spasms. 2024. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000063.htm
6. J Lespasio M. Muscle Spasm: A Primer. IJCMCR. 2024;44(4). doi:10.46998/IJCMCR.2024.44.001091. Available from: https://ijclinmedcasereports.com/pdf/IJCMCR-RW-01091.pdf
7. Aches and pains during pregnancy. 2024. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000580.htm
8. Parasa M, Saheb S, Vemuri N. Cramps and tingling: A diagnostic conundrum. Anesth Essays Res. 2014;8(2):247. doi:10.4103/0259-1162.134524. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4173627/
9. Stern LZ, Bernick C. Chapter 53: Muscle Cramps. doi: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK376/
10. Torticollis. 2024. doi: Available from: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/torticollis
11. Low back pain – acute. 2024. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007425.htm
12. Leg Cramps. 2006. Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/muscle-bone-and-joints/leg-and-foot-problems-and-conditions/leg-cramps/
13. Abdominal pain. 2024. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003120.htm
14. Hand or foot spasms. 2024. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003194.htm
15. Capsaicin Topical. 2020. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a620055.html
16. Electrolyte Drinks. 2025. doi: Available from: https://nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu/electrolyte-drinks/
17. Relaxation techniques for stress. 2024. doi: Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000874.htm
18. Muscle cramp. 2013. doi: Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/muscle-cramp

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

Share

Subscribe

Get 30% OFF on medicines

Subscribe Now!!!!

You'll now receive our latest content in your inbox

No, Thanks

Send OTP

Thank you for subscribing!