Best Home Remedies for Upset Stomach

Introduction

Indigestion, or an upset stomach, has become increasingly common in recent times. Many individuals experience occasional digestive discomfort, often linked to modern lifestyle changes. A major contributing factor has been the reduction in physical activity, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted daily routines and encouraged more sedentary work habits. These shifts in lifestyle can negatively impact digestion, leading to more frequent episodes of stomach discomfort. 

In medical terms, an upset stomach is also called dyspepsia. It is characterised by discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen and is not a disease itself, but rather a collection of symptoms such as bloating, nausea, early satiety, and abdominal fullness. Dyspepsia can occur on its own or may be a symptom of an underlying gastrointestinal condition, such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)¹.  

Causes of an Upset Stomach

Common causes of an upset stomach (dyspepsia): 

• Overeating or rapid eating: Consuming large meals quickly can overwhelm the digestive system and lead to bloating and discomfort. 
• Unhealthy dietary habits: Frequent intake of greasy, spicy, or processed foods can irritate the stomach lining². 
• Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol irritates the gastric mucosa, potentially causing inflammation or gastritis. 
• Smoking: Tobacco impairs gastric function and weakens the lower oesophageal sphincter, contributing to reflux and indigestion. 
• Certain medications: Prolonged use of NSAIDs (like ibuprofen), antibiotics, or corticosteroids can irritate the stomach and cause gastritis or dyspepsia. 
• Underlying gastrointestinal conditions: Such as gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or functional dyspepsia. 
• Psychological factors: Stress and anxiety can significantly impact gut motility and acid production, leading to functional dyspepsia or IBS-like symptoms². 

Symptoms of Upset Stomach

• Feeling of fullness in the stomach during and after a meal¹ 
• Burning sensation in the upper abdomen and belching^1,2 
• Bloated feeling in the abdomen²  
• Nausea and vomiting² 
• Pain in the upper part of abdomen and chest¹ 

Treatment for Upset Stomach

There are different types of treatments available based on the underlying cause. Lifestyle changes may help ease indigestion and help relieve stomach pain. These include, avoiding spicy food or reducing the use of alcohol. If indigestion persists even after lifestyle modifications are followed, the doctor may prescribe medications.  

It is important to observe whether your stomach discomfort is related to factors such as food intake, medications, menstrual cycles (in the case of females), or bowel movements. Take note of whether the symptoms are continuous or occur intermittently. If the pain persists for more than three days, or if it is particularly severe and accompanied by vomiting, it is advisable to consult a qualified medical professional. 

Dr Ashish Bajaj , M.B.B.S M.D. in Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology

Home Remedies for an Upset Stomach

1. Water  

Water plays a vital role in maintaining digestive health, especially during episodes of an upset stomach. The body requires adequate hydration to absorb essential nutrients and eliminate toxins effectively. Dehydration, often caused by vomiting or diarrhoea, can worsen stomach discomfort. Additionally, reduced water intake may lead to increased stomach acidity, resulting in burning sensations or irritation³. 

Drinking adequate water helps dilute excess stomach acid, providing relief from burning and discomfort. It serves as a simple and effective home remedy for managing mild stomach aches, especially those caused by indigestion or acidity. 

2. Lemon Water  

Lemon water can be a helpful remedy for mild indigestion and abdominal discomfort. Although lemon is acidic in nature, it produces an alkalising effect in the body after digestion, which may help neutralise excess stomach acid. This makes it a simple and commonly used home remedy for acidity-related stomach discomfort⁴.  

3. Baking Soda and Lemon Drink

Lemon water mixed with a small pinch of baking soda is a simple home remedy often used for the reduction of indigestion and gas. This mixture can create a mild neutralising reaction in the stomach, producing carbon dioxide and helping relieve bloating temporarily. However, while some individuals may find it soothing, it may not be suitable for those with hyperacidity or sensitive digestion. It should be used occasionally and not as a long-term solution⁵. 

4. Mint  

Mint leaves contain menthol, which is known to help soothe the digestive tract and may provide relief from mild indigestion. It can also reduce intestinal muscle spasms and abdominal discomfort. Traditionally, mint has been used in many Asian cultures as a home remedy for digestive issues. 

Mint can be consumed in various forms, either raw, as a garnish in meals, or brewed into herbal tea, often combined with ingredients like cardamom for added digestive benefits⁶.  

5. Ginger  

Ginger has been used since ancient times for managing colds, coughs, nausea, vomiting, and various types of pain. It contains active compounds such as gingerols and shogaols, which may support digestion⁷ by enhancing gastric motility and reducing abdominal discomfort⁸. This makes ginger a helpful natural remedy for stomach-related issues⁷. 

Ginger has been used since ancient times for managing colds, coughs, nausea, vomiting, and various types of pain. It contains active compounds such as gingerols and shogaols, which may support digestion by enhancing gastric motility and reducing abdominal discomfort. This makes ginger a helpful natural remedy for stomach-related issues. 

Fresh ginger root can be peeled, chopped, and used in food or brewed into teas. It may also be consumed in small amounts as chews, depending on individual tolerance to its strong aroma and taste. 

6. Cinnamon  

Cinnamon sticks contain antioxidants such as cinnamaldehyde, camphor, linalool, and eugenol, which are known for their digestive and anti-inflammatory properties. It can help ease symptoms of indigestion, including bloating, nausea, and a feeling of abdominal fullness. 

For mild digestive discomfort, individuals may add about 1 teaspoon of cinnamon powder or a small stick while cooking meals or steep it in warm water to prepare a soothing herbal tea. However, those with sensitive stomachs or on medication should consult a healthcare provider before regular use⁹.  

7. Cumin

Cumin seeds are known for their carminative properties and can help alleviate symptoms of upset stomach such as hyperacidity, bloating, and abdominal discomfort. They may provide relatively quick relief by aiding digestion and reducing gas. 

A traditional home remedy involves mixing about one teaspoon of cumin seeds with some dry coconut and two garlic cloves. Consuming this mixture may help reduce stomach discomfort. However, individuals should try this in small amounts first, as the combination can be strong and may not suit everyone¹⁰. 

Take a tsp of cumin seeds, some dry coconut, and two garlic cloves. Mix them and consume them at once. It will help to reduce the uncomfortable feeling in the stomach instantly.  

8. Banana  

Banana contains various vitamins, folate, and potassium. It may help to reduce the acids in your stomach and give you a soothing relief from stomach ulcers¹¹. Bananas can also help by adding bulk to loose stools, which can help alleviate diarrhoea¹². 

While many symptoms of an upset stomach can be managed at home, it is essential to identify the underlying cause and severity. These factors will determine whether home remedies are sufficient or if you should consult a doctor. For mild symptoms, increasing fresh fruits and vegetables in your diet and reducing alcohol intake can support recovery. 

Socioeconomic status and environmental hygiene are key factors in the transmission of H. pylori infection worldwide. These include family hygiene practices, household crowding, and cooking habits. Infection acquired in childhood is considered the primary cause of H. pylori-associated gastritis within communities. 

Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS MD(Pediatrics)

Also Read: Dysentery: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, And Home Remedies

When to Seek Professional Help for an Upset Stomach

If you are experiencing persistent stomach pain that does not improve despite the use of common home remedies, and the discomfort continues for several days, it is advisable to seek medical attention. This may indicate an underlying condition that requires professional evaluation and care. 

Sudden and severe stomach aches can be a sign of serious health issues that may worsen without prompt medical attention. You should see your doctor right away, especially if the pain is localised to one area. Some common causes of stomach-ache include: 

• Appendicitis: Inflammation or swelling of the appendix can cause severe pain in the lower right side of the abdomen. This condition often requires surgical removal of the appendix, so immediate medical attention is essential. 
• Stomach ulcer bleeding: A sore in the stomach lining or small intestine can cause a perforated ulcer, resulting in internal bleeding. If left untreated, this condition can worsen and requires urgent medical care. 
• Gallbladder inflammation: Often caused by gallstones, inflammation of the gallbladder can lead to acute cholecystitis. Without prompt treatment, surgery to remove the gallbladder may be necessary. 
• Kidney stones: These are small mineral deposits that often pass through urine without issues. However, larger stones can block the urinary tract, causing severe lower abdominal pain. If you experience such pain, seek medical evaluation promptly as it may be due to kidney stones. 
• Diverticulitis: This condition involves inflammation of small pouches in the bowel wall. It requires medical treatment, so consulting a doctor promptly is important. 

Also Read: Best Home Remedies For Lipoma

Conclusion 

Stomach discomfort is common and often manageable with lifestyle changes and simple home remedies. However, persistent or severe symptoms should not be ignored. Seeking timely medical advice is essential to rule out any underlying health conditions. 

Also Read: Natural Home Remedies for Dengue

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References 

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2. NIDDK [Internet]. Symptoms & causes of indigestion. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/indigestion-dyspepsia/symptoms-causes  

3. Gasbarrini G, Candelli M, Graziosetto RG, Coccheri S, Di Iorio F, Nappi G. Evaluation of thermal water in patients with functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome accompanying constipation. World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Apr 28;12(16):2556-62. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i16.2556. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4087988/  

4. Panda V, Shinde P, Deora J, Gupta P. A comparative study of the antacid effect of some commonly consumed foods for hyperacidity in an artificial stomach model. Complement Ther Med. 2017 Oct;34:111-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.08.002. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917362/  

5. Senewiratne NL, Woodall A, Can AS. Sodium Bicarbonate. [Updated 2024 Feb 12]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559139/  

6. Huang Z, Huang X, Wan Y. Effects of peppermint oil in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. July 2022. DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1896816/v1. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363790340_Effects_of_peppermint_oil_in_patients_with_irritable_bowel_syndrome_a_systematic_review_and_meta-analysis  

7. Hu ML, Rayner CK, Wu KL, Chuah SK, Tai WC, Chou YP, et al. Effect of ginger on gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsia. World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan 7;17(1):105-10. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i1.105.  Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21218090/  

8. Hu ML, Rayner CK, Wu KL, Chuah SK, Tai WC, Chou YP, et al. Effect of ginger on gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsia. World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan 7;17(1):105-10. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i1.105. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3016669/  

9. Zobeiri M, Parvizi F, Shahpiri Z, Heydarpour F, Pourfarzam M, Memarzadeh MR, et al. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Soft Capsule in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 May 13;2021:6634115. doi: 10.1155/2021/6634115. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8137295/  

10. Agah S, Taleb AM, Moeini R, Gorji N, Nikbakht H. Cumin extract for symptom control in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a case series. Middle East J Dig Dis. 2013 Oct;5(4):217-22. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3990147/  

11. Mohammed M, Hadi A, Mohammed E, Abbas F. Gastro-protective Effects of Green Banana (Musa cavendishii Lamb.) Pulp Powder on Aspirin-induced Gastric Ulcer in Albino Rats. June 2021. Medicinal & Aromatic Plants. DOI: 10.35248/2167-0412.21.10.367. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352786284_Gastro-protective_Effects_of_Green_Banana_Musa_cavendishii_Lamb_Pulp_Powder_on_Aspirin-induced_Gastric_Ulcer_in_Albino_Rats  

12. Rabbani GH, Larson CP, Islam R, Saha UR, Kabir A. Green banana-supplemented diet in the home management of acute and prolonged diarrhoea in children: a community-based trial in rural Bangladesh. Trop Med Int Health. 2010 Oct;15(10):1132-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02608.x. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20831671/ 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof. 

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