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Risk Assessment
Chronic kidney disease, urinary tract infection, polycystic kidney disease
Overview
The body contains protein, which has a variety of important functions such as building bones, and muscles, controlling blood fluids, and preventing infection. Albumin is the primary protein type present in your body.
When the kidneys are damaged, they do not filter the blood properly, causing the protein to leak into the urine and causing high protein levels. This condition of having a high protein level in the blood is called proteinuria.
A Urinary Spot Protein test is used for measuring the amount of protein present in your urine. The Urinary Spot Protein test helps in confirming the condition of proteinuria (excess protein in the urine). This Urinary Protein test may also help in monitoring kidney function and help detect and diagnose early kidney damage or disease.
Your doctor may recommend a Urinary Spot Protein test if you are experiencing signs and symptoms like oedema, fever, muscle pain, abdominal pain, difficulty in breathing, frequent urination, etc.
The high presence of protein in your urine may affect your health with severe or mild complications, like kidney infection, chronic kidney disease, multiple myeloma, inflammation in the kidney blood vessels, urinary tract infection, heart failure, kidney failure, etc.
In several studies, 21% to 19% of people were affected by the high protein amount in the urine, which causes severe kidney failure.
Other names of Urinary Spot Protein Test
- Urine protein test
- Random Urine protein test
What does the Urinary Spot Protein Test measure/ and who is this prescribed for?
As the high amount of protein in the urine causes disease or other problems, a Urine Spot Protein Test measures the protein present in your urine.
Your doctor may recommend you for a urinary spot protein test if found signs and symptoms like:
- Frequent urination
- Difficulty in breathing
- Loss of appetite
- Discomfort or pain in the stomach
- Vomiting
- Nausea
- Muscle pain or severe cramps
- Swelling in arms, face, and feet (oedema)
- Fever
If you have any of the following medical complications, a Urinary Spot Protein Test may be recommended:
- Abnormal blood pressure
- Low body temperatures
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Preeclampsia (pregnancy complication)
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Fever
- High stress or depression
- Dehydration
Women during pregnancy are also advised to regularly take tests for urine protein, as they may have high protein levels in the urine because of their pregnancy.
If Urinary Spot Protein test results are positive, in that case, you need treatment and consult a physician or a nephrologist (specialist in kidney-related disease).
Medications like ACE inhibitors, diuretics Loop, thiazide, and calcium channel antagonists are used to treat and manage high protein in the urine.
Ranges
Protein in the urine may be present in high amounts and cause mild to severe disease or damage to the body, but if it is found at normal levels, it may not cause any specific symptoms.
- For a random urine test, normal values should be 0-14 mg/dL.
Above-normal levels of protein in the urine can cause severe health complications that might affect your life and living style.
The Urinary Spot Protein test range of levels can differ with variations in the laboratory because different labs have different methods of performing a urine spot protein test.
Test Result Interpretation
The abnormal or high presence of protein in the urine can affect your health with mild to severe disease or damage.
High level of urinary spot protein test
The high levels of protein in the urine can cause a condition called proteinuria, which affects your health in several forms, including:
- Urinary tract infection: A condition in which any part of the urinary system may be affected by infections. These infections are more frequent in women. The infection typically occurs in the bladder or urethra, but severe cases can cause proteinuria due to kidney damage.
- Kidney infection: An infection of the kidney caused by bacteria. This happens due to a specific type of UTI. Kidney infection may affect the kidney functioning rate, which greatly impacts the high protein in your urine.
- Glomerulonephritis: A disease that affects the blood-filtering glomeruli in the kidney. In this disease, the glomerular vessels of the kidney are inflamed and affect kidney function, leading to the release of protein. Glomerulonephritis is also known as nephrotic syndrome.
- Congestive heart failure: This is a chronic condition where the heart does not pump blood as well as it should, resulting in sudden heart failure. Heart failure is linked to kidney damage due to improper filtering of the blood.
- Polycystic kidney disease: A genetic disorder in which clusters of cysts (fluid-filled sacs) develop in the kidneys. The large growth of kidney cysts and damage may lead to kidney failure or chronic kidney conditions.
- Multiple myeloma: It is a cancer of plasma cells. The disease can damage bones, kidneys, or red blood cells. Multiple myeloma in the kidney may harm the kidney itself, leading to kidney failure, affecting this protein that can increase in your urine.
Sample Type
A random urine sample is needed to conduct a urinary spot protein or urine protein test. No other specific preparation is required for the test.
Test Preparation
With the initiation of a urine protein test, your doctor may need a 24-hour urine sample. Generally, you will be given one or more containers to collect and store your urine over 24 hours.
Usually, starting in the morning, empty your bladder without collecting urine samples. Note the time. Then collect your urine every time you go to the bathroom over the next 24 hours. It will be stored in a container that your doctor or the lab provides. This container will then be sent to the lab for analysis. You do not need any other specific preparation for the test.
What are the parameters included in the test?
The Urinary Spot Protein Test measures the amount of protein (primarily albumin) present in your urine. The Urinary Protein test helps in determining kidney functioning rates.
You may experience mild to severe medical complications, like chronic kidney disease if the abnormal or high presence of protein in the urine is detected.
How frequently should you take this test?
To detect protein in the urine, your doctor may recommend a Urinary Spot Protein test. If the test results are positive, you may suggest a repetitive test for urinary spot protein test every 3 months.
In case of normal or negative results from the previous test, your doctor may suggest you repeat it after one year or two years.
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