Kumaryasava is an Ayurvedic formulation, which has aloe vera as the main ingredient. Asavas are medicinal preparations prepared by soaking the drugs (decoction or powder) in a solution of jaggery or sugar for a definite period. It undergoes the fermentation process by producing alcohol, which facilitates the extraction of active constituents of drugs. Kumaryasava is composed of Aloe barbadensis, Terminalia chebula, Ricinus communis, Myristica fragrans, Syzygium aromaticum, Woodfordia fruticosa, Piper cubeba, Nardostachys jatamansi, jaggery and water2. As per the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Kumaryasava should comprise not less than 5% v/v and not more than 10% v/v of self-generated alcohol3. Phytochemical analysis of Kumaryasava showed the presence of saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, and anthraquinone glycosides1.
Nutritional Valueof Kumaryasava
The phytochemical screening of Kumaryasava showed the presence of carbohydrates in addition to phytochemicals1.
Uses of Kumaryasava
The phytochemicals present in Kumaryasava, such as saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, and anthraquinone glycosides,contribute to its various therapeutic uses1.
Kumaryasava is one of the most widely used over-the-counter products.
It is used as a health tonic for adults and children to treat weak digestion, urinary disorders, liver impairment, and cough1.
In my clinical experience, Kumaryasava may help provide relief and support in managing discomfort associated with urinary tract stones. It’s sometimes considered as part of a natural approach to urinary tract health11.
As per Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Kumaryasava is beneficial in managing various conditions like digestive impairment, duodenal ulcers, urinary disorders, bleeding disorders, epilepsy, worm infestation, loss of memory, weakness, diseases of the abdomen, and tastelessness4.
1. Benefits of Kumaryasava as a Liver Protective Agent
Kumaryasava has been widely used because of its various benefits in managing liver disorders.
Kumaryasava provides protection against hepatotoxicity.
Its hepatoprotective activity is attributed to the many antioxidant phytochemicals present in it.
2. Benefits of Kumaryasava in Treating Gastric Disorders
Kumaryasava has many benefits in managing gastric conditions.
Kumaryasava helps in relieving discomfort due to gas and acidity.
It also relieves constipation.
Additionally, it helps by stimulating digestive enzymes6.
In clinical practice, Kumaryasava is sometimes considered helpful in managing issues like reduced appetite and supporting patients with diabetes. It is believed to stimulate digestive enzymes, which may aid in improving digestion13.
3. Benefits of Kumaryasava in Managing Painful Periods
According to a study, the administration ofKumaryasava was found to be safe and effective in relieving the signs and symptoms associated with dysmenorrhoea (medical term for painful periods).
Kumaryasava could reduce the overall pain associated with dysmenorrhoea7.
From a clinical point of view, Kumaryasava may help patients who experience painful or difficult urination (dysuria). Its main ingredient, Aloe vera, is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, which might help reduce discomfort11.
As per the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, Kumaryasava should be taken after meals and with water8. It can be taken with water for managing indigestion and constipation9,10. The Ayurvedic Physician will prescribe you the form and dosage as per your health condition.
Did you know Kumaryasava is believed to aid in menopausal problems? This effect can be attributed to aloe vera as the major ingredient that helps to soothe the pain and difficulties associated with menopause12.
Patients with ongoing medication for chronic diseases should consult a doctor before using Kumaryasava. Keep the following points in mind:
During Pregnancy: There is a lack of data related to the safe use of Kumaryasava in pregnant women. Therefore use this medicine only after consulting the physician.
During Breastfeeding: There is not enough data to support its safe usage during breastfeeding. Therefore kindly follow the doctor’s advice before using it.
As per the Essential drug list of Ayurveda, there are no specific contraindications associated with Kumarysava8. However, notify your doctor regarding all the medicines and health supplements that you take before taking Kumaryasava.
There is a lack of data related to safety in pregnant women. Therefore, use this medicine only after consulting your physician.
Can I use Kumaryasava during breastfeeding?
There is not enough data to support its safe usage during breastfeeding. Therefore, kindly follow the doctor’s advice before using it.
Can I take Kumaryasava for gastric discomfort?
Kumaryasava can relieve discomfort due to gas and acidity, stimulate digestive enzymes, and relieve constipation6. Kindly consult your ayurvedic physician before using it.
Are there any side effects associated with Kumaryasava?
There is no information available related to the side effects of Kumaryasava. This Ayurvedic formulation should be taken under the supervision of a physician.
Can I take Kumaryasava for dysmenorrhea?
According to a study, administration of Kumaryasava was found to be safe and effective in relieving the signs and symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea. Kumaryasava is found to reduce the overall pain associated with dysmenorrhea7. Though there are reported benefits of Kumaryasava in relieving some symptoms of dysmenorrhea, it should not be used as a stand-alone treatment or as a way to replace conventional medicines.
Can I use Kumaryasava for treating liver disorders?
Kumaryasava has been widely used because of its health benefits in managing liver disorders5. Though there are reported benefits of Kumaryasava in liver ailments, it should not be used as a stand-alone treatment or as a way to replace conventional medicines. You should consult your Ayurvedic physician for guidance.
Is there alcohol present in Kumaryasava?
Asavas, such as Kumaryasava, are Ayurvedic formulations, which are prepared by soaking the drugs (powder or decoction) in a solution of sugar or jaggery for a certain period till it ferments. Through the fermentation process, alcohol is produced, which facilitates the extraction of active constituents present in the drugs1.So, it does not contain added alcohol, but alcohol is self-generated during the manufacturing process.
Can I take Kumaryasava to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?
Consult an Ayurvedic physician before using Kumaryasava. They will guide you about the possible uses of Kumaryasava based on the diagnosis made. Kumaryasava cannot treat PCOS. It might provide relief from the pain associated with menstruation7 but it should not be used as an alternative to conventional medicine. Consult a gynaecologist for advice on PCOS. They will tell you the best course of action. Always avoid self-medication as it might worsen the condition.
Khan MA, Gupta A, Sastry JLN, Ahmad S. Hepatoprotective potential of kumaryasava and its concentrate against CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity in Wistar rats. Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences [Internet]. 2015 Oct 1 [cited 2022 Feb 15];7(4):297. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26681887/
Motghare KP, Yeokar V. A Review on Traditional Ayurveda Formulations and their Therapeutic Importance. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics [Internet]. 2019 May 15 [cited 2022 Feb 15];9(3):650–3. Available from: http://www.jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/2663
Lal P, Lal SK, Garg S. A CLINICAL COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF KUMARYASAVA AND RAJAHPRAVARTANI VATI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PRATHMIK KASTARTAVA W.S.R. TO (PRIMARY DYSMENORRHOEA): A PROSPECTIVE OPEN LABEL SINGLE CENTER STUDY. undefined. 2017. Available from: https://www.jahm.co.in/index.php/jahm/article/view/1688
Dey A, Dhadhal S, Maharjan R, Nagar PS, Nampoothiri L. Partially purified non-polar phytocomponents from Aloe barbadensis Mill. gel restores metabolic and reproductive comorbidities in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rodent model—an “in-vivo” study. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;291:115161. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115161. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378874122001994
Alexandar S, Joy JM. Pharmacognostical Evaluation and HPTLC profiling of the root of Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022;15(3):1245-0. doi:10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00208. Available from: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2022-15-3-51
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the informationprovided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
11
Triphala: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Introduction
Three medicinal herbs make up Triphala (in Sanskrit, “tri” means “three” and “phala” means “fruits”). It is an antioxidant-rich herbal preparation described as a Rasayana (rejuvenator) medicine by Ayurvedic practitioners. Combining the three fruits is said to be responsible for Triphala’s numerous health benefits1.
Triphala is made from the dried fruits of:
Terminalia chebula (black myrobalan)
Terminaliabellerica (bastard myrobalan)
Phyllantus emblica (emblic myrobalan or Indian gooseberry)
Chemical Composition of Triphala
The spring-harvested fruits of Terminalia chebula are high in tannins such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, chebulic acid, chebulinic acid, chebulagic acid, neochebulinic acid, corilagin, terchebin, punicalagin, terfavin, flavonoids (rutins, luteolin and quercetin), starches, amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, arginine and proline), β-sitosterol, succinic acid, fructose and fatty acids2.
The fruits of Terminalia bellerica consist of proteins and oils that include omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (linoleic acid). Because of its high fatty acid content, this plant can impact cholesterol levels, increasing high-density lipoprotein levels (good cholesterol) while decreasing low-density lipoprotein levels (bad cholesterol), making it effective in treating coronary artery disease.
Phyllanthus emblica (amla) fruits are high in ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin C2.The high density of tannins may contribute to the overall bitterness of amla. These fruits also include punicafolin and phyllanemblinin A, phyllemblin, and other polyphenols such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, flavonoids and kaempferol2.
Based on my experience, I have come across evidence suggesting that Amalaki, which is a component of Triphala, may possess properties to manage diseases of the sense organs and enhance memory. It is believed that the active compounds present in Amalaki exert beneficial effects on the central nervous system, potentially improving sensory function and memory.
Triphala is described as a tridoshic Rasayana in Ayurveda, capable of balancing and rejuvenating the three doshas that regulate human life: Vata, Pitta and Kapha. It is widely used in several disease conditions owing to its following properties1,3:
Laxative
Anti-inflammatory
Antiviral
Blood purifying
Analgesic
Anti-arthritic
Hypoglycemic
Anti-ageing
Antibacterial
Triphala is used to treat fatigue, oxidative stress, and infectious disorders like tuberculosis, pneumonia, AIDS and periodontal disease, among others. It’s also used for headaches, dyspepsia, ascites and leukorrhea3.
In my experience, I have observed that Triphala, a herbal formulation, may have the ability to increase the number of red blood cells and improve haemoglobin content in the body, making it potentially beneficial for managing anaemia. The active compounds in Triphala are believed to stimulate the production of red blood cells, leading to an increase in haemoglobin levels and overall improvement in anaemic conditions.
Triphala and its components have demonstrated potent antimicrobial properties against a variety of microorganisms.
Triphala churna has proven action against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Triphala churna and Triphala mashi have shown antibacterial properties against a variety of bacteria, like E. coli and S. aureus1.
2. Promotes Dental Health
Triphala reduced levels of chemicals which are implicated in the destruction of tissue during periodontitis (inflammation of tissues surrounding teeth).
Triphala mouthwash was tested clinically and found to be as effective as chlorhexidine in lowering plaque scores and inhibiting Lactobacillus bacteria microbial levels1. More studies are needed to better understand these effects.
3. Helps Manage Stress
Triphala supplementation has been shown to alleviate stress.
This should be studied further to under its role in stress management.
4. Supports Joint Health
Triphala prevented monosodium urate crystal-induced arthritis in mice (gouty arthritis) by reducing various chemicals involved in the worsening of joint health.
It might have potential use in the treatment of gout in humans, however, more studies are needed for the same1.
5. Aids Digestion
Castor oil-induced diarrhoea was prevented by extracts of Triphala churna powder and Triphala mashi.
The extracts had a strong antidiarrhoeal effect, as demonstrated by increased first defecation time, cumulative faecal weight, intestinal transit time, improved stool volume, stool frequency, stool consistency, decreased mucus level in stool, and flatulence1.
More studies are needed to understand the exact indication of Triphala in managing diarrhoea.
6. Supports Liver Function
In mice, Triphala was found to be beneficial against acetaminophen-induced liver damage but with less efficacy than silymarin.
Triphala lowered the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and lipid peroxides while also restoring the levels of many antioxidant enzymes and reducing liver damage, as seen by lower liver enzyme values1.
People with liver disease should consult a doctor before consuming Triphala or any other Ayurvedic or herbal supplement.
7. May Help Manage Diabetes
Animal studies have demonstrated that giving the same amount of Triphala and its separate ingredients to normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats lowered serum glucose levels.
Thus, with more research, Triphala might be useful in treating diabetes in humans1.
8. May Support Weight Management
After the treatment of mice with Triphala in an anti-obesity study, their body weight was observed to be lower when compared to control animals.
Gallic acid is a phenolic molecule found in Triphala that was chosen as the bioactive marker because of its anti-obesity activity3.
9. Promotes Heart Health
Triphala has been found to have a lipid-lowering impact on rats, with significant reductions in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, and free fatty acid, indicating hypocholesteremic condition.
These properties make it cardio-protective.
10. Supports Skin Healing
The topical application of Triphala extract aided wound healing in rats infected with a variety of bacteria, according to a study6.
Experiments revealed that the Triphala ointment reduced bacterial count and promoted wound closure by increasing collagen, hexosamine, and uronic acid levels1.
11. Radioprotective Properties
Triphala has been proven in preclinical trials to have radioprotective properties when taken orally.
The most effective action of Triphala was seen when given before irradiation, lowering DNA damage in both white blood cells and spleen cells, the normalising activity of certain enzymes like xanthine oxidase and super oxidase dismutase found in the intestine.
This indicates that the observed effects were mediated through the inhibition of oxidative damage in the cells and organs1.
12. Boosts Immunity
Triphala has been shown to have potent immunomodulatory properties in a variety of animal models.
Flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, and phenolic substances are thought to have immunomodulatory properties.
Triphala treatment increased antioxidant activity and lowered corticosterone levels in animals exposed to noise stress, according to research7.
13. Rich in Antioxidants
According to research9, taking Triphala boosts the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which may have resulted in a considerable reduction in stomach cancers in mice.
When rats were given Triphala and were subjected to noise stress, similar results were reported.
Such findings point to Triphala’s ability to act as an antioxidant and to protect against a variety of stressors and illnesses1.
14. Supports Eye Health
Triphala was found to be beneficial in preventing and reducing selenite-induced cataract formation, according to a study8.
In animal trials, Triphala restored antioxidant enzyme levels, resulting in a reduction in nuclear cataracts. As per Ayurveda, Triphala can also help reduce the risk of blindness and near-sightedness in some cases1.
15. Potential Anti-Cancer Properties
Triphala caused an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species, which may be beneficial in supporting cancer treatment in some cases3.
Triphala or any herbal supplements should not be given to cancer patients who are under treatment unless advised by a doctor. There are chances of severe drug interactions in patients receiving cancer treatment; hence self medication, even with herbal or ayurvedic medicines, should be avoided.
16. Anti-Ageing Benefits
On human skin cells, Triphala extract has shown strong antiaging effect.
It stimulates collagen-1 and elastin-synthesizing genes and antioxidant genes responsible for cellular antioxidants in human skin cells.
Due to the presence of protective phytochemicals, it may also suppress melanin synthesis and hyperpigmentation4.
Over the years, I have observed that Triphala, a herbal formulation, might have growth inhibitory activities against certain bacterial strains commonly found in HIV-infected patients. Studies have indicated that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Triphala, as well as its individual plant components, have shown potential antibacterial effects against these bacterial isolates.
Haritaki, bibitaki, and amlaki are powdered to make Triphala churna (powder). As per research, it is advisable to take it with ghee, honey, or milk1.
2. Triphala Kwatha (Decoction)
It is made by combining the powder with water and boiling it. The decoction is then filtered through a clean cloth, and the filtrate can be used to treat skin conditions like erysipelas, eruptions, scrotal enlargement, colic pain, worm infestation, and urinary diseases. It is applied directly to open wounds and eyes, as well as gargled during pharyngitis1.
3. Triphala Taila (Oil)
It is made by boiling Triphala powder with oil. It is used as a gargle, snuff, an enema, and orally to treat obesity and itching1.
4. Triphala Masi (Ash)
It’s made by heating Triphala powder for a long time at a low temperature in a controlled setting. Mashi/Masi is an intermediate product containing organic and inorganic ingredients. The mashi is black and has a high carbon and oxide content. Triphala Mashi, when mixed with honey, can be used to treat soft chancres and wounds1.
5. Triphala Gritha (in ghee or clarified butter)
It is made by cooking the paste of Triphala, trikatu (a herbal compound of Indian Long Pepper (Piper longum), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in ghee and milk, as well as grapes (Vitis vinifera), Yestamadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Kutki (Picrorhiza korroa), and cardamom (Elettaria cardamom). It is frequently used to treat eye conditions like conjunctivitis, blindness, and cataracts. Triphala gritha is also used to treat jaundice, leucorrhoea, tumours, greying, and hair loss1.
Triphala is an ayurvedic herbal formulation made up of dried fruits from three different plants: Terminalia chebula (black myrobalan), Terminalia bellerica (bastard myrobalan), and Phyllantus emblica (emblic myrobalan)2.
How to use Triphala churna?
It is suggested that Triphala churna can be taken with ghee, honey, or milk1.
The Triphala gritha is made by boiling the Triphala paste in ghee and milk. It is frequently used to treat eye conditions like conjunctivitis, blindness, and cataracts1.
What is the use of Triphala churna?
Triphala churna has analgesic, antibacterial, anti-arthritic, hypoglycemic, antiaging, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps with headaches, dyspepsia, fatigue, oxidative stress reduction, and infectious disorders like tuberculosis and periodontal disease3. It is also used for eye problems such as infections, blindness, myopia, and cataractogenesis1.
Is Triphala good for the liver?
Yes, Triphala is good for the liver as it reduces pro-inflammatory chemicals, restores the levels of antioxidant enzymes, and reduces liver damage, as seen by lower serum enzyme values1.
How is Triphala churna made?
It is made by grinding haritaki, bibitaki, and amlaki1.
What are the Triphala fruits?
Triphala is an ayurvedic herbal formulation made up of dried fruits from three different plants: Terminalia chebula (black myrobalan), Terminalia bellerica (bastard myrobalan), and Phyllantus emblica (emblic myrobalan or Indian gooseberry)2.
How does Triphala work for eyesight?
Triphala restores antioxidant enzyme levels in experimental animals, resulting in an 80% reduction in cataract formation1. Thus, it might be helpful in improving eyesight in humans, but more studies are needed to prove the same.
Is Triphala good for hair?
Yes, Triphala is good for hair. It is considered to help with hair greying and hair loss1.
References
Baliga MS, Meera S, Mathai B, Rai MP, Pawar V, Palatty PL. Scientific validation of the ethnomedicinal properties of the Ayurvedic drug Triphala: a review. Chin J Inter Med. 2012; 18(12): 946-954. https://sci-hub.st/10.1007/s11655-012-1299-x
Tarasiuk A, Mosińska P, Fichna J. Triphala: current applications and new perspectives on the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Chin Med. 2018; 13(1): 39. https://sci-hub.st/10.1186/s13020-018-0197-6
Peterson CT, Denniston K, Chopra D. Therapeutic uses of Triphala in Ayurvedic medicine. J Altern Complement Med. 2017 Aug;23(8):607-614. doi:10.1089/acm.2017.0083. PMID: 28696777; PMCID: PMC5567597. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5567597/
Gupta SK, Kalaiselvan V, Srivastava S, Agrawal SS, Saxena R. Evaluation of anticataract potential of Triphala in selenite-induced cataract: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2010 Oct;1(4):280-6. doi:10.4103/0975-9476.74425. PMID: 21731375; PMCID: PMC3117320. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3117320/
Prasad S, Srivastava SK. Oxidative stress and cancer: Chemopreventive and therapeutic role of Triphala. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jan 13;9(1):72. doi:10.3390/antiox9010072. PMID: 31941067; PMCID: PMC7022920. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022920/
Disclaimer:The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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9
Pashanbhed (Bergenia Ligulata): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Introduction
Pashanbhed or stone breaker is a popular Indian drug. It is also called stonebreaker as it can dissolve kidney stones. Pashanbhed is derived from the plant Bergenia ligulata and is used in the indigenous system of medicine. Bergenia ligulata is a climbing plant that is distributed in moist areas of the Himalayas, Bhutan, Afghanistan, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and south Tibet. The flowers of Bergenia ligulata are pink, purple, or white. According to the Ayurvedic system of medicine, Pashanbhed is used for various medicinal purposes. The rhizome, root, and leaves of Bergenia ligulata are used to treat a variety of ailments1.
Chemical Constituents of Pashanbhed
The rhizome of Pashanbhed contains many chemical constituents like arbutin, paashaanolactone, afzelechin, bergenin, norbergenin, catechin, minerals, glucose, albumin, vitamins, mucilage, ash, starch, and gallic acid. The constituents present in seeds of pashanbhed include tannic acid, coumarin, minerals, wax, coumarin, and gallic acid. The root of pashanbhed showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, saponins, and glycosides1.
Did you know?
Pashanbhed has been traditionally used to treat kidney stones in the United States. source: ncbi
Pashanbhed may help in preventing the recurrence of kidney stones in the United States. source: ncbi
Pashanbhed has anti-inflammatory properties that can benefit individuals with kidney stones in the United States. source: ncbi
Pashanbhed has diuretic properties that can promote urine flow and help flush out kidney stones in the United States. source: ncbi
Uses of Pashanbhed
Pashanbhed is used in the management of kidney and bladder stones, urinary problems, and other diseases due to its medicinal properties like:
Anti-inflammatory activity
Antilithic activity (preventing the formation of stones)
1. Benefits of Pashanbhed for Preventing Stone Formation
Antiurolithic is the property of preventing or dissolving stones in the ureters, bladders, or kidneys.
Pashanbhed inhibits the growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals, which is responsible for the formation of kidney or urinary stones.
Hot water extract of the Pashanbhed plant is taken orally for treating urinary or renal stones. Pashanbhed powder is also recommended to manage painful urination2.
2. Benefits of Pashanbhed as an Antidiabetic Medicine
The alcoholic extract of roots of Pashanbhed contains hypoglycemic (blood sugar lowering) properties.
It might reduce elevated blood sugar levels in diabetic patients.
The antidiabetic effect might be due to the stimulation of insulin release or the stimulation of cells of pancreatic islets.
Due to its anti-diabetic properties, Pashanbhed can be used as a component of medicines or nutraceutical foods for managing diabetes and associated symptoms2.
3. Benefits of Pashanbhed for the Liver
The alcoholic extract of Pashanbhed showed a reduction in the levels of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin.
This confirmed the hepatoprotective (liver protecting) effect of Pashanbhed.
Pashanbhed powder is also helpful for managing liver and spleen diseases, particularly enlarged spleen2.
4. Benefits of Pashanbhed as an Diuretic
Diuresis refers to an increased passage of urine.
Alcoholic extracts of roots of Bergenia ligulata proved to increase urinary electrolyte concentration of sodium, potassium, and chloride, which shows that it has diuretic properties.
The diuretic property of the roots of Bergenia ligulata might be due to the presence of compounds like saponins and flavonoids2.
5. Benefits of Pashanbhed for the Reproductive System
Pashanbhed powder helps nourish and correct the functioning of the reproductive system.
Pashanbhed is also used for treating gynaecological problems3.
6. Benefits of Pashanbhed for the Skin
In India, dried roots of Pashanbhed have been used topically for treating boils, wounds, cuts, and burns.
The hot water extract of Pashanbhed has been used externally for the treatment of boils2.
Did you know that Pashanbhed (Bergenia ligulata) contains a significant phenolic compound called ‘bergenin’ comprising approximately 0.9% of its composition? Along with bergenin, it also contains other phenolic compounds in smaller quantities. These compounds contribute to the potential health benefits and therapeutic properties associated with Pashanbhed6.
Some important formulations of Pashanbhed include Asmarihara kasaya churna, Mutravircaniya kasaya churna. The main preparations of Pashanbhed include Pashanbhed ghrit and Pashanbhed kwath4,5.
Your Ayurvedic physician will prescribe you the dose and form according to your medical condition.
In my experience, I have observed that Pashanbhed (Bergenia ligulata) has a distinctive aromatic odour and astringent taste. These sensory properties can be attributed to its chemical constituents, which interact with our taste receptors and olfactory receptors6.
Pashanbhed is an important constituent of many formulations used for managing kidney diseases. However, the acetone extract of rhizomes of Pashanbhed is known to be cardiotoxic in large doses and produces a depressing effect on the central nervous system. A large dose of Pashanbhed is known to produce antidiuretic effects too. However, it is unlikely that these effects will be observed with doses in the normal range2.
Pashanbhed, also known as stone breaker, is a well-known Indian drug obtained from the plant Bergenia ligulata. This drug is known for its role in dissolving kidney stones1.
What are the other names of pashanbhed?
The common names of Pashanbhed include Pashana, Pashanbheda, Zakhmehayat, Asmaribheda, Ashmabhid, Ashmabhed, Shilabhed, Upalbhedak, Parwatbhed, and Nagabhid1.
What are the benefits of the leaf juice of pashanbhed?
The leaf juice of Pashanbhed is used for treating urinary troubles, haemorrhagic diseases, colds, epilepsy, and distension of the stomach1.
What are the traditional uses of pashanbhed?
The roots of B.ligulata are used by tribes of Dharchula in Uttar Pradesh for the treatment of cuts, boils, ophthalmia, wounds, urinary complaints, and kidney stones. The root is also used by people in Johari (Jaipur) for the treatment of urinary problems and asthma. The rhizome of Pashanbhed is used by the Kumaoni tribes for managing fever. The root of Pashanbhed is used for the treatment of liver problems and tuberculosis. Pashanbhed plant is used by the tribes of the central Himalayan region for the management of dizziness, vertigo, and headache1.
What are the medicinal properties of pashanbhed?
The medicinal properties of Pashanbhed include antiviral, antiurolithic, free radical scavenging, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antipyretic, antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and cardioprotective activities2.
What is the botanical name of pashanbhed?
The botanical name of pashanbhed is Bergenia ligulata. Some synonyms of Bergenia ligulata include Bergenia ciliata, Saxifraga ciliate, Saxifrage ligulata wall, and Saxifraga thysanodes lindl2.
Is pashanbhed found only in India?
No, Pashanbhed is also found in Pakistan, Nepal, Afghanistan, and China at greater altitudes3.
What kind of habitats is pashanbhed found in?
Pashanbhed grows well in temperate, humid climates, where the temperature is usually below 20 °C5.
What are the ayurvedic properties of pashanbhed?
Pashanbhed is cold in potency, bitter in taste, and helps cure prameha (urinary problems), dysuria, diseases of the female genital tract, and ulcers. In Ayurveda, the roots of Pashanbhed are known for their bitter, acid, laxative, and cooling properties, which are effective in the management of tridosha in tumours, calculi, urinary discharges, enlargement of spleen, dysentery, stones, and heart diseases3.
Das C, Kumari B, Singh MP, Singh S. A Literary Review and Therapeutic Action of Pashanbheda (Bergenia ligulata Wall) described by Shamhita in Ashmari Roga. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci [Internet]. 2022 Aug 13 [cited 2025 Nov 18];7(6):105–114. Available from: https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1861/2238
Disclaimer:The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the informationprovided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
8
Triphala Guggulu: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Introduction
Triphala Guggulu is a traditional polyherbal formulation as per the Ayurvedic system of medicine. It is composed of resin of guggul (Commiphora wightii), long pepper (Piper longum), and Triphala (fruits of Phyllanthus emblica L., Terminalia chebula Retz, and Terminalia bellirica)1. Triphala is a well-recognized polyherbal medicine classified as the tridoshic rasayan.
The Triphala formulation contains the fruits Amalakior the Indian Gooseberry, Bibhitaki, and Haritaki of the three plants2. Triphala Guggulu is one of the most widely used among the other Guggulu formulations3.Phytochemical screening of Triphala Guggulu shows the presence of glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids4.
Nutritional Value of Triphala Guggulu
Apart from various phytochemicals, phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids in Triphala Guggulu4.
Did you know?
Triphala Guggulu has been found to be effective in reducing body weight and body mass index (BMI). source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Triphala Guggulu has shown significant improvement in lipid profile parameters, such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Triphala Guggulu has been found to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Triphala Guggulu has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Triphala Guggulu has shown the potential to reduce pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Uses of Triphala Guggulu
The uses of Triphala Guggulu are as follows:
Triphala Guggulu is used in managing inflammatory conditions, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and hypolipidemia5.
Triphala Guggulu is widely used in managing Vatarakta(gout), Bhagandar(fistula), Kushtha(leprosy), Vranaropana(wound healing), Pakvavidradhi(abscess), Gandamala(goitre), and Asthibhagna(fracture)4.
Did you know Triphala Guggulu might aid in dental problems as well? Due to its anti-bacterial nature, Triphala Guggulu may be used for dental diseases such as swollen gums, cavities, and bleeding gums9.
Oral administration of Triphala Guggulu helps to heal wounds fast.
It also leads to a reduction in pain associated with the wound.
It can be a potential drug for wound healing due to its safety and cost-effectiveness6.
2. Benefits of Triphala Guggulu in Piles
Guggulu has anti-inflammatory benefits.
It helps in healing the inflammation of the fistula.
Triphala is beneficial in relieving constipation, a problem associated with hemorrhoids.
In addition, Piper longum aids in the digestion and assimilation of food nutrients7.
Though there are benefits associated with the use of Triphala Guggulu, it should not be used as an alternative to conventional therapy.
3. Benefits of Triphala Guggulu in Managing Constipation
Triphala found in Triphala Guggulu helps in facilitating bowel movements and relieving constipation7.
4. Benefits of Triphala Guggulu in Managing Diabetic Macular Oedema
Diabetic macular edema is a common cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients.
Oral administration of Triphala Guggulu could show improvement in the thickness of the retina and visual acuity5.
5. Benefits of Triphala Guggulu in Managing Arthritis
Triphala Guggulu is a Guggulu-based formulation beneficial in acute arthritis.
The anti-arthritic activity of Triphala Guggulu is attributed to its anti-inflammatory activity.
A study found that it also acts by inhibiting the enzymes that get activated in arthritis, namely hyaluronidase and collagenase8.
Triphala Guggulu might be used as an useful remedy of choice for cancer! This herbal medicine might offer a natural solution for cancer with its antioxidant nature10.
Triphala Guggulu can be taken with warm water. However, it should be used on the advice of an Ayurvedic doctor. The Ayurvedic doctor will prescribe you the dose and form based on the diagnosis.
Triphala Guggulu should not be used during pregnancy.
Triphala Guggulu is contraindicated in chronic and recurrent diarrhoea.
Triphala Guggulu should be avoided during the breastfeeding period as there is a lack of data to support its safety . Use it only after consulting with an Ayurvedic doctor.
Other than its anti-inflammatory nature, Triphala Guggulu has anti-oxidant characteristics as well. This makes Triphala Guggulu a potential medicine of choice for diseases like Atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke and diabetes10.
There is a lack of sufficient data regarding the interaction of Triphala Guggulu with other drugs. Therefore, you must talk to a doctor about its usage if you are using any other medication or supplement.
Exploring the Potential of Triphala Guggulu in ear discharge treatment. It is believed that due to its anti-inflammatory properties, Triphala Guggulu may aid in the treatment of ear discharge (medically known as Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media)11.
Triphala Guggulu is an Ayurvedic formulation composed of Triphala and Guggulu1.
What are the herbs used in Triphala Guggulu?
Triphala Guggulu is composed of resin of guggulu (Commiphora wightii), long pepper (Piper longum) and Triphala (fruits of Phyllanthus emblica L., Terminalia chebula Retz, and Terminalia bellirica)1.
What are uses of Triphala Guggulu?
Triphala Guggulu has uses in managing inflammatory conditions, oxidative stress hyperglycemia, and hypolipidemia5. Triphala Guggulu is widely used to manage Vatarakta (gout), Bhagandar (fistula), Gandamala (goitre), Vranaropana (wound healing), Kushtha (leprosy), Pakvavidradhi (abscess), and Asthibhagna (fractures)4.
Is Triphala Guggulu helpful in piles?
Triphala Guggulu is beneficial in piles as it has anti-inflammatory properties. It helps in healing the inflammation of the fistula. Triphala is beneficial in relieving constipation, a problem associated with haemorrhoids. Piper longum aids in the digestion and assimilation of food nutrients7. Though there are benefits associated with the use of Triphala Guggulu, it should not be used as an alternative to conventional therapy.
Is Triphala Guggulu safe during pregnancy?
Triphala Guggulu is not to be used during pregnancy. Consult your doctor if you feel the need to use Triphala Guggulu. They will suggest an alternative based on your condition.
What are the precautions to be taken with Triphala Guggulu?
Triphala Guggulu is not to be used during pregnancy and in chronic and recurrent diarrhoea. There is a lack of sufficient data to support the use of Triphala Guggulu during the breastfeeding period, so it should be avoided. Use it after consulting an Ayurvedic physician.
How can I use Triphala Guggulu?
Triphala Guggulu can be used with warm water. However, it should be used on the advice of an Ayurvedic doctor. The Ayurvedic doctor will prescribe you the form and dose based on the diagnosis.
Is Triphala Guggulu beneficial in wound healing?
Yes, the consumption of Triphala Guggulu is beneficial in wound healing. It also helps by reducing the pain associated with the wound6. It can be used as an aid in wound healing, not as a replacement for conventional treatment.
Is Triphala Guggulu helpful in arthritis?
Triphala Guggulu is a Guggulu-based formulation beneficial in managing acute arthritis. The anti-arthritic benefit of Triphala Guggulu is attributed to its anti-inflammatory activity. It also acts by inhibiting the enzymes that get activated in arthritis, which are hyaluronidase and collagenase8. Triphala Guggulu is not to be used as a means to replace the conventional treatment for arthritis.
Is Triphala Guggulu helpful in diabetes?
Triphala Guggulu can be beneficial in managing hyperglycemia, but it should not be used to treat diabetes5. There are no studies proving its efficacy in managing diabetes. Consult your doctor before starting any new medicines, as self-medication might worsen the situation.
References
1. Babu Ks, Muguli G, Rao Vadaparthi P, Ramesh B, Gowda V, Paramesh R, et al. A novel high-performance liquid chromatography-electron spray ionization-mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of guggulsterones, piperine and gallic acid in Triphala guggulu. Pharmacognosy magazine [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Feb 17];11(Suppl 1):66. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26109777/
2. Peterson CT, Denniston K, Chopra D. Therapeutic Uses of Triphala in Ayurvedic Medicine. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, NY) [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2022 Feb 17];23(8):607–14. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28696777/
5. Mehra R, Vyas N, Makhija R. A clinical study on the role of Ksara Vasti and Triphala Guggulu in Raktarsha (Bleeding piles). Ayu [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2022 Feb 21];32(2):192. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22408301/
6. Sumantran VN, Kulkarni AA, Harsulkar A, Wele A, Koppikar SJ, Chandwaskar R, et al. Hyaluronidase and collagenase inhibitory activities of the herbal formulation Triphala guggulu. Journal of Biosciences 2007 32:4 [Internet]. 2007 Jul 9 [cited 2022 Feb 21];32(4):755–61. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12038-007-0075-3
8. Sumantran VN, Kulkarni AA, Harsulkar A, Wele A, Koppikar SJ, Chandwaskar R, Gaire V, Dalvi M, Wagh UV. Hyaluronidase and collagenase inhibitory activities of the herbal formulation Triphala guggulu. J Biosci. 2007 Jun;32(4):755-61. doi: 10.1007/s12038-007-0075-3. PMID: 17762148. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17762148/
9. Prakash S, Shelke AU. Role of Triphala in dentistry. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2014 Mar;18(2):132-5. doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.131299. PMID: 24872616; PMCID: PMC4033874. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4033874/
11. Nath S, Jadhav S, Mulik S, Nangare N, Mulik S, Lathwal N. A conceptual study of Triphala Guggul in Karnasrava (C.S.O.M). J Pharm Negative Results. 2023;14(Suppl 01):367–370. doi:10.47750/pnr.2023.14.S01.40. Available from: https://www.pnrjournal.com/index.php/home/article/view/6469
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
22
Chitrakadi Vati: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Introduction
Chitrakadi vati is well recognised as an Ayurvedic preparation1. It is a polyherbal formulation containing nine ingredients of herbal origin: Chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica), maricha (Piper nigrum), pippali (Piper longum fruit), pippalimoola (Piper longum root), Chavya (Piper chaba), ginger (Zingiber officinale), hing (Ferula foetida/Ferula asafoetida), ajmoda (Apium leptophyllum), yava ksara (Hordeum vulgare) and panchalavana (Samudra, Sauvarchala, Saindhava, Vida, Audbhida)2.
Uses of Chitrakadi Vati
The uses of Chitrakadi Vati are as follows:
It is commonly used to manage irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal tumours, rheumatoid arthritis, and appetite loss.
It is also used as a digestive tonic and carminative. Chitrak stimulates digestion and appetite and aids in dealing with leprosy, fever, oedema, and scabies1,2.
Long pepper is an anti-asthmatic, laxative, anti-infective agent in urinary tract infections, aphrodisiac, carminative, and analgesic1.
Black pepper is used as a diuretic and analgesic and for managing constipation, piles, and colic1.
Ginger is used to deal with heart problems and acts as a carminative1.
According to Ayurveda, Chitrakadi vati might be useful in decreasing mouth dryness caused due to increased levels of vatta and pitta levels and decreased kapha levels in the body. Chitrakadi vati might stimulate saliva secretion13.
1. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati Due to Laxative Activity
The laxative efficacy of extract of Chitrakadi vati at various doses was studied1 in rats.
The extract of Chitrakadi vati showed significant laxative action by increasing the stool output weight.
The presence of long pepper and black pepper in Chitrakadi vati contribute to the laxative properties.
2. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Ovulation
According to a study3, Chitrakadi vati was one of the best medications for follicular rupturing tests.
As a result, Chitrakadi vati was selected as a replacement for the human chorionic gonadotropin hormone for follicular rupture.
3. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Liver
Consumption of Chitrakadi gutika formulation (tablet of various herbs) and buttermilk was found to be effective in dealing with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by reversing the fatty infiltration of the liver4.
The liver-protective efficacy of extract of Chitraka roots was investigated in rats.
The extract administration to rats dramatically reduced the serum marker levels, demonstrating that extract has a liver protective impact in restoring the hepatocytes’ normal function5.
4. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Managing Inflammation
The anti-inflammatory activities of Chitraka leaf extract were studied5 in experimental animal models.
The extract exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the prostaglandin synthesis and release.
5. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Managing Diabetes
The antidiabetic effect of Chitraka roots extract was studied in rats.
The root extract exhibited antidiabetic activity by increasing the hepatic hexokinase activity while decreasing serum acid phosphatase, hepatic glucose-6-phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase levels.
The active constituent of the extract, plumbagin, significantly reduced the blood glucose levels in diabetic rats5.
6. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Digestion
Dietary maricha stimulates pancreatic enzymes that improve digestion and reduce food transit time in the gastrointestinal tract.
It also increases saliva production and gastric secretions and activates the salivary amylase enzyme.
Maricha or piperine present in Chitrakadi vati on oral administration stimulates the release of bile acids from the liver, which are important in the digestion and absorption of lipids6.
7. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Managing Cholesterol
Maricha inhibits cholesterol absorption while increasing cholesterol transporter protein translocation.
It also improves digestion by assisting in the breakdown of bigger fat molecules into more easily digestible simple molecules and preventing fat storage in the body6.
8. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati Due to Anti-diarrhoeal Activity
The antidiarrhoeal effects of maricha extract were studied6 in rats at various doses.
The extract was shown to have considerable anti-diarrhoeal, anti-motility, and anti-secretory activity due to the presence of alkaloids in maricha.
9. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati in Managing Blood Clotting
The effect of ginger extract on platelet thromboxane-B2 and prostaglandin-E2 synthesis was studied in rats.
Oral administration of ginger at high doses is significantly effective in reducing serum prostaglandin-E2 and thromboxane-B2 levels.
According to the findings, ginger can be employed as an anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory agent7.
10. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Gastrointestinal Tract
Traditional medicine has long employed the powdered rhizome of ginger to relieve the symptoms of gastrointestinal tract ailments.
According to a study7 in mice, the extract of ginger and its components improved the gastrointestinal emptying of the charcoal meal.
In humans, ginger has been shown to help prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting while not affecting stomach emptying.
11. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati as an Antioxidant
Several studies have revealed that ginger has potent antioxidant effects.
The antioxidant effect of ginger has been proposed as one of the key probable reasons for the plant’s protective properties against radiation toxicity and lethality, as well as a variety of poisonous substances and potential as an anti-ulcer drug7.
The extracts of the Asafoetida plant showed antioxidant activity in experimental animals.
Results of the study showed a reduction of lipid peroxidation levels in the liver of rats8.
12. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati for Managing Obesity
The effects of F. asafoetida on weight gain and fat build-up in diabetic patients were researched.
It was shown to reduce body weight, abnormal fat, and adipocyte cell size.
As a result, it will be regarded a viable therapy option for diabetes-induced obesity8.
13. Benefits of Chitrakadi Vati Due to Immunomodulatory Activity
The extracts of chavya considerably boost lymphocyte proliferation, implying an immunomodulatory action, mainly through lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer cell activity activation9.
In Ayurveda, Chitrakadi vati might help in reducing oedema in the legs and hands (extremities) caused due to ama dosha13.
Some side effects are observed due to the following constituents of Chitrakadi vati:
Chitraka: Excessive use of the chitraka plant has toxic effects. Irritation burning of the tongue, throat, stomach and other body regions can be seen. It can also cause nausea, vomiting, dysuria, diarrhoea, burning sensation while urinating, a weak pulse, wrinkled skin, and cold skin11.
Ginger: It may cause heartburn, mild diarrhoea, gastric irritation and allergy7.
Hing: Its extracts have been investigated and proven safe for everyday usage. Large doses of asafoetida can cause mouth swelling, digestive problems such as flatulence and diarrhoea, nervousness, and headaches8.
Generally, according to Ayurveda, ama and vatta doshas can create joint pain. In such cases, Chitrakadi vati might be useful in reducing joint pain13.
In pregnancy, the utilisation of chitraka plants can irritate pelvic organs and ultimately cause abortion11.
The gum of closely related species of Hing may irritate the skin and stomach, resulting in dermatosis12.
Because it affects the menstrual cycle and is an abortifacient, Hing should not be used during pregnancy or lactation8,12.
Foetal haemoglobin is oxidised with asafoetida use, whereas adult haemoglobin is not. Children should not be given this medication since it may cause methaemoglobinemia12.
It is commonly used to manage irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and appetite loss. It is also used as a digestive tonic and carminative. Chitrak stimulates digestion and appetite and aids to deal with leprosy, fever, oedema, and scabies1,2.
How to use chitrakadi vati?
It is used in the form of Chitrakadi vati extract and Chitrakadi dutika (pills)1,10.
Is chitrakadi vati good for liver?
Yes, it is good for the liver. The consumption of Chitrakadi gutika and buttermilk was found to be effective in managing the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by returning the fatty infiltration of the liver to a normal level4.
References
Kumar A, Deepa L, Lakshman K, Satish KV, Chandra Shekar KB, Narayan Swamy VB, et al. Evaluation of laxative activity of Chitrakadi vati, an ayurvedic formulation in rats. Pharmacologyonline [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2022 Feb 28];1:420-3. Available from: https://pharmacologyonline.silae.it/files/archives/2007/vol1/44_Kumar.pdf
Khanvilkar V, Patil L, Kadam V. Standardization of Chitrakadi Vati: An Ayurvedic Polyherbal Formulation. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Feb 28];6(4):303-9. Available from: https://www.ijpsdr.com/index.php/ijpsdr/article/view/359/323
Shukla K, Karunagoda K, Sata N, Pandya MA. Evaluation of the role of Chitrakadi Vati in the management of Bandhyatva w.s.r to anovulation (as a consequence of unruptured follicle). AYU [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2022 Feb 28];30(4):392-6. Available from: https://www.ayujournal.org/temp/Ayu304392-5572047_152840.pdf
Chandran A, Mahadevan L, Nisha MG. Clinical Efficacy of Chitrakadi Gutika in Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-A Case Study. Int J AYUSH Case Reports [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Feb28];5(4):237-41. Available from: https://www.ijacare.in/index.php/ijacare/article/view/250/203
Saleem A, Naureen I, Naeem M, Tasleem G, Ahmed H, Farooq U. Therapeutic Role of Piper Nigrum L (Black Pepper) and Pharmacological Activities. Sch Int J Biochem [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Feb 28];5(1):15-21. Available from: https://saudijournals.com/media/articles/SIJB_51_15-21.pdd
Ali BH, Blunden G, Tanira MO, Nemmar A. Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research. Food Chem Toxicol [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2022 Feb 28];46(2):409-20. Available from: https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.085
Amalraj A, Gopi S. Biological activities and medicinal properties of Asafoetida: A review. J Trad Complementary Med [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2022 Feb 28];7(3):347-59. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5506628/
) Islam MT, Hasan J, Snigdha HS, Ali ES, Sharifi-Rad J, Martorell M, et al. Chemical profile, traditional uses, and biological activities of Piper chaba Hunter: A review. J Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 28];257:112853. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32283191/
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the informationprovided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
14
0
Nirgundi: Benefits, Uses, Side Effects & More!
Introduction
Nirgundi is an Ayurvedic medicine made from the dried leaves of Vitex negundo (Family Verbenaceae), a large aromatic shrub or small tree up to 4.5 m in height, common throughout the country to an altitude of 1500 m in the outer Himalayas1. It is commonly known as Five-leaved chaste trees, which is a large family of herbs, shrubs, and trees, comprising about 75 genera and nearly 2500 species2.
Common names of Vitex Negundo include Nirgundi and Sindhuvara in Sanskrit. Nirgundi is already in clinical use in traditional systems of medicine including Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha for the management of pain, headache, inflammation, leukoderma, enlargement of spleen, rheumatoid arthritis, gonorrhoea, bronchitis, fever, cold and cough2. The leaves of V.negundo have been reported to possess pesticidal and antifungal properties2.
The Sanskrit word for Vitex negundo, a plant commonly known as nirgundi, carries a meaningful translation. ‘Nirgundi’ literally translates to ‘that which protects the body from diseases.’ This herb holds significance in Ayurvedic medicine, as it is mentioned in all of the Ayurvedic Samhitas, which are ancient texts that form the foundation of Ayurveda5.
Nirgundi contains at least 0.25 percent of negundoside and 1.0 percent of agnuside when assayed1. The following table contains the chemical components present in the Nirgundi plant:
Roots- Vitexin and isovitexi, vitexoside, negundin A, negundin B, 6-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy)-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthaledehyde, 2β,3α-diacetoxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid.
Potential Uses of Nirgundi
The leaves of nirgundi have antibacterial, laxative, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, hypoglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory properties2. The roots, barks, and fruits too have medicinal properties. Roots of nirgundi are one of the ingredients of the herbal formulation called ‘Dashamularishta’, used in the management of colitis, dysentery, diarrhoea, flatulence, fever, vomiting, and colic2. The leaves contain alkaloid nisindine, flavonoids like flavones, luteolin-7-glycoside an essential oil, and constituents like vitamin C, and carotene that account for different biological actions2.
Did you know?
Nirgundi (Vitex negundo) is a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Nirgundi has been used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and bronchitis. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Research suggests that Nirgundi may have neuroprotective effects and could be beneficial for neurological disorders. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Benefits of Nirgundi
1. Benefits of Nirgundi for Infections
Nirgundi essential oil showed antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa2.
The phytoconstituents d-guaiene, germacrene D, and hexadecenoic acid found in nirgundi are responsible for this anti-bacterial activity2.
The leavd extracts possesses a new flavone glycoside, which has antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes2,3.
2. Benefits of Nirgundi for Pain
Image Source: freepik.com
The anti-inflammatory and pain suppressing activities of fresh leaves of nirgundi are attributed to prostaglandin synthesis inhibition2.
When tested in an animal model, the pain relieving activity of extract of V. negundo was compared with that of aspirin and meperidine.
The study concluded that the Nirgundi leaves showed strong analgesic activity and may be used as an adjuvant therapy with standard analgesics3.
3. Benefits of Nirgundi for Liver
Image Source: freepik.com
The extracts of V. negundo seeds decreased the serum levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase3.
The alcoholic seed extract also showed protective action on the liver against Carbon-tetrachloride(CCL4)-induced liver toxicity3.
4. Benefits of Nirgundi for Arthritis
Image Source: freepik.com
The heated leaf is used for managing rheumatoid arthritis-related pain and sprains.
The oil prepared from the leaves can also be used3.
5. Benefits of Nirgundi for Lungs
Nirgundi root decoction can be used for managing bronchitis and asthma2,3.
6. Benefits of Nirgundi for Diabetes
Image Source: freepik.com
The leaf extracts of Vitex Negundo were reported for their anti-hyperglycemic activity in animals2,3.
7. Benefits of Nirgundi for Wounds
Image Source: freepik.com
Washing the wounds with nirgundi leaves extract can aid in cleaning infected ulcers3.
8. Benefits of Nirgundi for Skin
Image Source: freepik.com
Nirgundi leaf juice may be beneficial in managing bacterial and parasitic skin infections.
Nirgundi seeds are used to deal with skin diseases and leprosy4.
9. Benefits of Nirgundi as an Antioxidant
The water-soluble constituents of Vitex negundo possess potent antioxidant activities.
Human studies might demonstrate its efficacy in humans2,3.
Nirgundi, a versatile plant, has an amazing mosquito-repellent quality! During the rainy season, the leaves of nirgundi are burned in a fire, that may create a smoky shield that keeps mosquitoes and insects away from both animals and humans5.
The following parts of the Nirgundi plant can be used:
Leaves: Nirgundi leaves can be boiled with water and the vapors can be inhaled. Nirgundi leaves can be ground to a paste and applied to the forehead to relieve headaches3.
Flowers: Flower extracts of Nirgundi may be used in the management of fever, diarrhoea, and liver complaints3.
Seeds: The seeds can be used with sugarcane or vinegar for the management of swellings. Powdered seeds can be used in the management of spermatorrhea and serve as an aphrodisiac when used along with dry ginger and milk4. The seeds can be made into a paste and used with salt and pepper for applying on fractures3.
Roots: Root powder, the tincture can be used for managing dysentery. The powdered root is used for anthelmintic properties. Root extract can be dissolved in tender coconut water for a week to suppress kidney problems3.
Fruit: The dried fruit powder can be taken orally with roasted common salt and warm water for dealing with menstrual disorders, urinary disorders, and indigestion3.
Your Ayurvedic physician will prescribe you the form and dose as per your needs.
Dry nirgundi leaves have a traditional use of being placed with stored woollen garments. This is because the leaves have properties that repel insects and worms, which may help protect the woollen items from damage5.
Nirgundi leaves can be used as powder, juice, extract, and paste. The primary process involves boiling or crushing the leaves for chemical extractions2.
Can I use Nirgundi leaves for my skin allergies?
The ethanolic extract of V. negundo showed antiallergic activity against mast cells and inhibited oedema (swelling)2,3. Thus, may be useful in dealing with skin allergies once large-scale human studies are done.
Can I use Nirgundi for fatty liver?
Nirgundi has shown and thus, may be used for its protective action on the liver as it prevents inflammation. The extract of seeds can be used to lower elevated liver enzymes and prevent liver damage2,4.
Can I use Nirgundi for chronic fever and body pain?
Nirgundi leaf extracts show high fever-reducing and pain-relieving activities. They may be useful for managing chronic fever and body pain once more human studies are available2,4.
Can I use Nirgundi for abdominal gas and distention?
Nirgundi has carminative action, which can help deal with gas and digestive problems. In addition, the decoction of juice from the leaves too may aid in managing digestive issues2,4.
Where to store the Nirgundi leaves or extract?
Nirgundi leaves should be stored in a dry airtight container, and they should be kept away from direct sunlight1.
References
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, 1st edition, Part I, Volume IX. Delhi (IN): Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine & Homoeopathy. Monographs (Extracts). Nirgundi. Available from: https://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf
Kantesh M Basalingappa, Vinutha T, Gopenath TS, et.al. Medicinal Values and Pharmacological Activities of Vitex Negundo LInn. Journal of Global Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2020. II (1) 7579-7589. ISSN –2230-7346. Available from: https://www.jgtps.com/admin/uploads/ksM8L5.pdf
Disclaimer:The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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8 Powerful Ayurvedic Herbs With Their Great Benefits
Introduction
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian medical system. Ayurveda means the science or knowledge of life, where ‘Ayur’ means life and ‘Veda’ means knowledge.
The Ancient and Traditional practice of Ayurvedic is 5,000 years old and works on three basic three principles or doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) and ayurveda practice is based on three classical texts – the Charaka Samhita, the Sushruta Samhita, and the Ashtanga Hridaya which were written in Sanskrit over 2,000 years ago and are collectively known as the Great Trilogy.
Ayurveda takes a holistic approach to health, focusing on lifestyle, diet, and natural substances. It is important to note that while Ayurveda is a recognised traditional system of healthcare in India, its treatments should be approached responsibly and under the guidance of qualified practitioners. Individuals are encouraged to consult registered medical professionals for the diagnosis and management of any medical condition1.
The Role of Ayurvedic Herbs
Ayurvedic herbs are an integral part of the Ayurvedic medicine system. Since ancient times, these herbs have been used to help manage different diseases, promote mental clarity, boost immunity, and support healthy skin. In Ayurvedic practice, attention is given to the person as a whole, addressing the mind, body, and lifestyle rather than focusing solely on the symptoms of a condition. A wide range of herbs are used in Ayurveda to treat illnesses, with active ingredients derived from leaves, roots, flowers, and bark. These herbs are selected with the intention of promoting internal balance and supporting the body’s natural functions2.
Manjistha, for instance, may be beneficial in managing bone-related conditions. A 2020 study found that the root of Manjistha contains a compound that may be effective as a phytomedicine in the treatment of bone disorders16.
The Ayurvedic system offers a traditional, holistic approach to wellness, focusing on balance and overall health rather than isolated symptoms. Some of the benefits of ayurvedic herbs are as follows:
Supports the balance among the doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha), which is considered important for overall well-being in traditional Ayurvedic understanding3.
Considers the individual as a whole, and any supportive measures used are selected with the aim of promoting general health, not solely addressing isolated symptoms3.
Centres around lifestyle, diet, and plant-based preparations, and is considered by some to be gentler in its approach4.
Improves vitality and provides strength, in line with the system’s holistic philosophy4.
Emphasises maintaining internal balance, which is believed to help support the body’s natural defences4.
Some of the Best Ayurvedic Herbs
The following ayurvedic herbs have been traditionally valued for their various properties and uses over many years. Below is an overview of some commonly known herbs and their traditionally associated benefits:
1. Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha is a well-known herb in traditional Ayurvedic practice, used for various purposes over many centuries. The name ‘Ashwagandha’ is derived from Sanskrit, where ‘Ashva’ means horse and ‘Gandha’ means smell, suggesting, in traditional texts, the vitality and strength associated with a horse.
It is sometimes referred to as ‘Winter Cherry’ or ‘Indian Ginseng’, and is particularly noted in Ayurveda for its traditional association with supporting the body’s resilience and overall vitality. The roots of the Ashwagandha plant are commonly used in Ayurvedic preparations5. The benefits of Ashwagandha are as follows:
Ashwagandha is a versatile herb and is traditionally available in various forms, including powders, tablets, and liquid extracts. It may be taken with or without food, depending on individual preference and practitioner guidance.
Caution: The use of Ashwagandha during pregnancy is not generally recommended unless under the supervision of a qualified medical professional. Individuals with thyroid-related conditions, particularly hyperthyroidism, should seek advice from a healthcare practitioner before using Ashwagandha or related preparations.
2. Brahmi
Brahmi, also known as Bacopa monnieri, is a well-regarded herb in traditional Ayurvedic practice. It has been traditionally used for its association with supporting cognitive health and mental clarity. The plant’s leaves are considered particularly valued in Ayurvedic literature and are often used in various preparations
Brahmi is also noted in traditional sources for its natural antioxidant and soothing properties, which have contributed to its continued use over generations.
Below are some traditionally associated uses of Brahmi7:
Supports mental health and cognitive well-being
Helps improve memory, concentration, and learning
Helps with nervous system function
Helps reduce stress and depression
Can help calm the mind
May reduce the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (like hyperactivity).
Recognised for its antioxidant content, it may support general cellular health
Traditionally used in formulations aimed at promoting healthy skin and hair by supporting internal balance
3. Shatavari
Shatavari also known as ‘queen of herbs’. is a medicinal herb with many health benefits. The presence of saponins contributes to its antioxidant properties. Shatavari is traditionally associated with supporting immune function and female reproductive health, as described in classical Ayurvedic texts.
May be effective in alleviating respiratory symptoms
Helps relieve acidity symptoms
Helps with stomach and intestinal ulcers
Helps manage blood sugar levels
Helps with anti-aging changes in the skin
4. Liquorice
Liquorice has been used since ancient times in various traditional systems of medicine, including those of India, Greece, and Egypt. Owing to its naturally sweet flavour, it continues to be used in a range of preparations such as herbal teas, confectionery, capsules, and liquid extracts.
Neem has been mentioned extensively in classical Ayurvedic texts and is included in a large number of traditional formulations. It is often associated with supporting general hygiene, skin care, and internal balance in Ayurvedic practice11.
The benefits of neem are as follows:
Neem has antiseptic, anti-microbial, and antifungal properties11.
Helps to reduce fever, especially malarial fever11.
Helps maintain oral hygiene and prevent dental caries and infections
Beneficial for the hair and helps to control dandruff.
Licorice root has been traditionally studied for its potential benefits in supporting oral hygiene. Some research17 suggests that compounds found in licorice may help in maintaining dental cleanliness and overall oral health. However, its use should be approached with caution and under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.
Manjistha is particularly noted for its long-standing use in Ayurvedic practices related to circulatory and skin wellness12. The benefits of Manjistha are as follows;
Amala is highly regarded in Ayurvedic tradition as a nourishing and revitalising fruit. It has naturally occurring antioxidants and helps support the body’s internal balance. The benefits of amala are as follows13:
Supports immunity
May strengthen the heart
Beneficial for hair, skin, and eyes
May help reduce high blood sugar levels
May provide relief from acidity
Some studies18 suggest that Amla contains antioxidants and phytonutrients that may help support cognitive health. Its naturally high Vitamin C content is also believed to play a role in maintaining normal brain function.
Haritaki is known as the ‘king of herbs’ in Ayurveda. In traditional Ayurvedic belief, Haritaki is associated with promoting internal balance and supporting clarity of mind, vitality, and overall well-being. The benefits of Haritaki are as follows:
Strengthens the vital functions of the body, such as strong digestion14, nutrient absorption, and elimination.
Ayurveda offers a time-tested, holistic approach to health, rooted in balance and natural practices. When used under the guidance of qualified professionals, Ayurvedic herbs may support general well-being as part of a balanced lifestyle.
Shukla SD, Bhatnagar M, Khurana S. Critical evaluation of ayurvedic plants for stimulating intrinsic antioxidant response. Front Neurosci. 2012 Jul 26;6:112. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00112. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3405414/
Mills PJ, Peterson CT, Wilson KL, Pung MA, Patel S, Weiss L, Kshirsagar SG, Tanzi RE, Chopra D. Relationships among classifications of ayurvedic medicine diagnostics for imbalances and western measures of psychological states: An exploratory study. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2019 Jul-Sep;10(3):198-202. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2018.02.001. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6822152/
Patibandla S, Gallagher JJ, Patibandla L, Ansari AZ, Qazi S, Brown SF. Ayurvedic Herbal Medicines: A Literature Review of Their Applications in Female Reproductive Health. Cureus. 2024 Feb 29;16(2):e55240. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55240. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10981444/
Mikulska P, Malinowska M, Ignacyk M, Szustowski P, Nowak J, Pesta K, et al. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)-Current Research on the Health-Promoting Activities: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics. 2023 Mar 24;15(4):1057. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041057. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10147008/
Mathur D, Goyal K, Koul V, Anand A. The Molecular Links of Re-Emerging Therapy: A Review of Evidence of Brahmi (Bacopa monniera). Front Pharmacol. 2016 Mar 4;7:44. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00044. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4778428/
Alok S, Jain SK, Verma A, Kumar M, Mahor A, Sabharwal M. Plant profile, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari): A review. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2013 Jun;3(3):242–51. doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(13)60049-3. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4027291/
Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, Das G, Ahmad W, Ahmad MF, et al. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 14;10(12):2751. doi: 10.3390/plants10122751. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8703329/
Lai S, Shi L, Jiang Z, Lin Z. Glycyrrhizin treatment ameliorates post-traumatic stress disorder-like behaviours and restores circadian oscillation of intracranial serotonin. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2020 Jan;47(1):95-101. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.13173. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31494960/
Ram TS, Srinivasulu B, Narayana A. Pragmatic usage of Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz): an Ayurvedic perspective vis-à-vis current practice. Int J Ayur Pharma Res. 2013;1(3):72–82. Available from: https://ijapr.in/index.php/ijapr/article/view/50
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
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