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Plums (Aloo Bukhara): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Introduction

Plum (Prunus domestica L.) belongs to the Rosaceae family and includes approximately 40 different species. It is a small, shrubby, deciduous tree that typically grows between 6 and 15 metres in height. Plums are widely cultivated across tropical and temperate regions, including parts of West Asia, India, Australia, South America, Pakistan, Europe, and Africa. In India, plums are primarily grown in the states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Punjab1.  

The plum tree is used for its beneficial properties and for managing various conditions. The fruits of the plum come in various colours, including, green, red, purple, and yellow and and are typically round in shape. It is rich in antioxidants, polyphenols, and carotenoid compounds. The Santa Rosa, Black Amber, Red Beauty, African Rose and Black Beauty are some major varieties of plum fruit1,3.  

Nutritional Value of Plum

The nutritional value of plum per 100 gm is given as follows2:  

Properties Of Plum

Plum is regarded in traditional practices as a plant with potential wellness-supporting properties. Research1 and preliminary studies suggest that it may exhibit certain biological activities. These include: 

Potential Uses of Plum

Plums are not just delicious seasonal fruits but are also known for their potential nutritional and wellness-supporting properties. Traditionally, they have been used in various cultures as part of a balanced diet to support general health and wellbeing1.  

1. Potential Uses of Plum for Diabetes

Diabetes is a metabolic condition that occurs when the body produces insufficient insulin or is unable to use it effectively. Preliminary animal studies have explored the potential effects of plum extracts on blood glucose levels. In these studies11, plum extract was associated with a reduction in blood sugar levels in diabetic rats. Additionally, some findings suggest that plum purée may have a role in moderating post-meal blood glucose spikes in experimental settings.    

Foods with a low glycaemic (glucose) index (GI) are digested more slowly and may help to support stable blood sugar and insulin levels after meals. As such, they are often recommended as part of a balanced diet for individuals managing blood glucose levels. In a small human study12, consumption of dried plums while fasting was associated with a reduction in insulin and plasma glucose levels3,4

While these findings are promising, more research is needed. Individuals with diabetes should consult a qualified healthcare professional before incorporating dried plums or any new food items into their diet, particularly when managing a medical condition. 

2. Potential Uses of Plum for Constipation

Plums, particularly in their dried form, have traditionally been used to support digestive health. They are a source of dietary fibre, sorbitol, and isatin, compounds which may contribute to maintaining regular bowel movements. Some studies4 suggest that dried plums could help in softening stools and promoting gut motility, potentially offering relief in cases of occasional constipation.  

In addition, plums contain phenolic compounds and serotonin, which may support intestinal function, as well as prebiotic properties that help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria. However, individuals experiencing digestive discomfort or diagnosed conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome should consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any dietary changes or using plums for symptom management3.  

3. Potential Uses of Plum for Cancer

Laboratory studies have suggested that plum extracts may exhibit antioxidant activity, particularly in the flesh, peel, and pit of the fruit, where antioxidant levels are reported to be highest. Some experimental research5 has explored the potential of these antioxidants to interact with cellular pathways, including those involved in cancer cell resistance. However, these observations are based on preliminary findings in laboratory settings and have not been confirmed in human clinical trials. 

While plums are a natural source of vitamin A, which supports general immune and cellular health, there is currently no conclusive evidence to suggest that consuming plums can prevent or treat cancer. Individuals should not use plums or any other natural product as a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment. 

4. Potential Uses of Plum for Bones

Plum contains vitamin K, copper, potassium and boron. Vitamin K may help with the mineralisation of bone and potassium helps to maintain bone mineral density. The alcohol extracts of plum have been shown to inhibit the resorption of bone and increase the formation of bone during a lab trial4.  

In animal studies6, it has been shown that plum was very effective on the pre-existing loss of bone. The powder of plum resulted in an increased bone mineral density and restored the vertebrae (spine) of rats. These benefits have been proven in animal studies and are yet to be observed in human trials. Therefore, avoid using plums for any disease condition of bones without consulting your healthcare provider.  

In addition to being delicious and nutritious, plums are known to aid in bone quality improvement. They are a great source of vitamin K, which is essential for bone health, as vitamin K helps in the absorption of calcium14.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

5. Potential Uses of Plum for Pregnancy

Animal studies4 have noted that oral administration of extract of plum in pregnant animals resulted in increased development and formation of bone (osteogenesis) in the baby. The extract of plum also helps increase the amount of serum calcium, resulting in a higher ratio of new bone formation compared to the existing length of a long bone. The benefits have been observed in animal studies, and are yet to be confirmed in humans. You need to exercise precautions before using plums during pregnancy.     

6. Potential Uses of Plum for Weight Loss

Plum contains polyphenols and bioactive compounds,that have been studied for their potential role in energy metabolism. Some preliminary research4 suggests that these compounds may influence appetite regulation and support metabolic functions. Plum juice is relatively low in calories, and when consumed as part of a balanced, calorie-controlled diet, it may contribute to maintaining a healthy weight.  

In a preclinical study7, the consumption of plum juice was useful for the loss of body weight. The low calories in plum juice and higher content of polyphenols may also help to reduce body weight.  

7. Other Health Benefits of Plum

Although some studies have suggested potential health benefits of plum juice (and beetroot juice) in various conditions, the current evidence is limited. Further well-designed clinical research is required to establish the extent and reliability of these effects in humans. 

Plums contain naturally occurring compounds that have been studied for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Preliminary research suggests these properties may help support overall brain health by protecting cells from oxidative stress14.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Plum

Plum can be used in the following ways:  

You should always consult your Ayurvedic physician before consuming plums for regular use. They will be the best person to prescribe you the correct form and dosage as per your health condition. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.

Also Read: Blueberries: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!

Side Effects of Plum

While plums are generally safe when consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet, some individuals may experience side effects. These are mostly related to digestive sensitivity or allergic reactions. Commonly reported effects include: 

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to plum, immediately contact your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you. They will be able to treat you appropriately. 

Plums are a rich source of natural antioxidants and essential nutrients, which may help protect the body’s cells from oxidative stress, a factor associated with the natural ageing process. Including antioxidant-rich fruits like plums as part of a balanced diet may contribute to overall skin and cellular health1.

Dr. Smita Barode, BAMS, M.S.

Precautions to Take with Plum

Plum is generally considered to be safe for most individuals when consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet. However, certain precautions should be observed: 

Also Read: Chirata: Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions and More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

Various fruit juices contain an unknown amount of phytochemicals and when combined with other medicines, they can lead to food–drug interactions resulting in side effects. Similarly, plum juice also has multiple phytochemicals that can lead to increased exposure to the system, resulting in high blood pressure (hypertension)10. This food–drug interaction needs to be considered by your Ayurvedic physician to avoid developing serious health issues. Therefore, follow the advice of your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed you this supplement.   

Conclusion

Plums are nutrient-dense fruits with potential health benefits ranging from helping with digestion to supporting bone and heart health. Rich in antioxidants and essential vitamins, they may help in managing various conditions. However, further human studies are needed, and medical advice is essential before therapeutic use.

Also Read: Papaya (Papita): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is plum good for diabetes?   

Yes, plums have a low glycaemic index and also contains sorbitol which helps in lowering the levels of glucose in the blood.  If you or someone you know has diabetes, avoid using any herb or fruit without consulting your healthcare provider.   

What are the different advantages of plum?   

Plum fruit contains nutrients and antioxidants that may support overall health, including immune function and eye health. Some laboratory and animal studies have explored its potential role in managing conditions such as arthritis, asthma, anaemia, elevated cholesterol, and cognitive decline. However, more robust clinical research is needed to confirm these effects in humans.  However, avoid using plum for any health condition without consulting with a doctor first.   

What vitamins are present in plum and what are the benefits?   

Plum contains vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin K and vitamin E.
Vitamin A protects against oral and lung cancers. Vitamin B helps to metabolise carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the body. Vitamin C contributes to the body’s natural defence mechanisms and acts as an antioxidant by neutralising free radicals. Vitamin K plays a vital role in blood clotting and is important for bone metabolism. Some studies have also investigated its potential association with cognitive health in older adults. 

Is plum good for weight loss?   

Yes, studies13 have shown that replacing sugary drinks with polyphenol-rich juices like plum juice may support weight management and help prevent obesity. However, it is important to consult your healthcare provider or nutritionist before making any significant changes to your diet, as these changes can affect your overall health. 

Can we use plum as mosquito repellent? 

Yes, the extract has demonstrated activity against mosquito larvae and may be used as a natural mosquito repellent when applied to the skin. 

What are the benefits of plum skin?   

Plum skin contains a high amount of phenolic compounds, which exhibit strong antioxidant activity. These antioxidants may help in preventing the spread of cancer cells. However, for any serious medical condition, it is essential to consult a qualified doctor.  

References

  1. Shukla RK, Kishan. A Review on European Plum (Prunus domestica) for its Pharmacological Activities and Phytochemicals. Res J Pharm Tech. 2021 Feb 1;14(2). Available from: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2021-14-2-103  
  2. United States Department of Agriculture [Internet]. Plums, raw; 2019 Apr 1 [cited 2022 June 2]. Available from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/169949/nutrients  
  3. Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M. Dried Plums and Their Products: Composition and Health Effects-An Updated Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2013 Oct 3;53(12):1277-302. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2011.563880  
  4. Igwe EO, Charlton KE. A Systematic Review on the Health Effects of Plums (Prunus domestica and Prunus salicina). Phytother Res. 2016 Mar 1;1:5581. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ezinne-Igwe/publication/298899398_A_Systematic_Review_on_the_Health_Effects_of_Plums_Prunus_domestica_and_Prunus_salicina/links/59e936adaca272bc4278504c/A-Systematic-Review-on-the-Health-Effects-of-Plums-Prunus-domestica-and-Prunus-salicina.pdf   
  5. Bahrin AA, Moshawih S, Dhaliwal JS, Kanakal MM, Khan A, Lee KS, et al. Cancer protective effects of plums: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Dec 25;146:1-17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112568  
  6. Graef JL, Ouyang P, Wang Y, Rendina-Ruedy E, Lerner MR, Marlow D, et al. Dried plum polyphenolic extract combined with vitamin K and potassium restores trabecular and cortical bone in osteopenic model of postmenopausal bone loss. Journal of Functional Foods [Internet]. 2018 Mar [cited 2025 May 27];42:262–70. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6176741/  
  7. Noratto G, Martino HSD, Simbo S, Byrne D, Mertens-Talcott SU. Consumption of polyphenol-rich peach and plum juice prevents risk factors for obesity-related metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease in Zucker rats. J Nutr Biochem. 2015 Jun 1;26(6):633-41. Available from: https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.12.014 
  8. Birwal P, Deshmukh G, Saurabh SP, Pragati S. Plums: A Brief Introduction. J Food Nutr Popul Health. 2017 Mar 16;1(1):8. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pragati-Singham/publication/316476857_Plums_A_brief_introduction/links/5a9e65a40f7e9bc35fd01e88/Plums-A-brief-introduction.pdf  
  9. Pastorello EA, Ortolani C, Farioli L, Pravettoni V, Ispano M, Borga A, et al. Allergenic cross-reactivity among peach, apricot, plum, and cherry in patients with oral allergy syndrome: An in vivo and in vitro study. J Allergy Clin Immunol.1994 Oct 20;1:699-707. Available from: https://www.jacionline.org/article/0091-6749(94)90177-5/pdf  
  10. Petric Z, Žuntar I, Putnik P, KovaÄević DB. Food–Drug Interactions with Fruit Juices. Foods. 2020 Dec 24;10(1):33. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/1/33/htm  
  11. Utsunomiya H, Yamakawa T, Kamei J, Kadonosono K, Tanaka S. Anti-hyperglycemic effects of plum in a rat model of obesity and type 2 diabetes, Wistar fatty rat. Biomed Res. 2005 Oct;26(5):193-200. doi: 10.2220/biomedres.. 26.193. PMID: 16295695. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16295695/
  12. Damani JJ, Rogers CJ, Lee H, Strock NC, Koltun KJ, Williams NI, Weaver C, Ferruzzi MG, Nakatsu CH, De Souza MJ. Effects of prune (dried plum) supplementation on cardiometabolic health in postmenopausal women: an ancillary analysis of a 12‑month randomized controlled trial, The Prune Study. J Nutr. 2024 May;154(5):1604–18. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.03.012. Epub 2024 Mar 13. PMID: 38490532; PMCID: PMC11347804. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11347804/
  13. Noratto GD, Martino HS, Simbo S, Byrne D, Mertens‑Talcott SU. Consumption of polyphenol-rich peach and plum juice prevents risk factors for obesity-related metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease in Zucker rats. J Nutr Biochem. 2015 Jun;26(6):633–41. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.12.014. PMID:25801980. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25801980
  14. Wallace TC. Dried Plums, Prunes and Bone Health: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients. 2017 Apr 19;9(4):401. doi: 10.3390/nu9040401. PMID: 28422064; PMCID: PMC5409740. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5409740/
  15. Keservani RK, Sharma AK, Kesharwani RK. Medicinal effect of nutraceutical fruits for the cognition and brain health. Scientifica (Cairo). 2016;2016:3109254. doi: 10.1155/2016/3109254. PMID: 26966612; PMCID: PMC4757744. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4757744/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof. 

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Kanchanar Guggulu: Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Introduction

Kachnar tree (Bauhinia variegata) is a deciduous tree native to India and China. In India, it is widely found in Assam, central, eastern, and southern India. The bark of this tree is used for multiple medicinal purposes1

Guggul, also known as Indian Myrrh, is the yellowish gum-resin obtained from the stem of the Guggul tree or Commiphora wightii. This tree is native to Pakistan, India, and Arabia. In India, it is distributed in Rajasthan, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat2.

The decoction obtained from the bark of the Kachnar tree and Guggulu is mixed along with other ingredients to produce Kanchanar guggulu. Kanchanar guggulu helps in the normal functioning of the lymphatic system and aids in the elimination of toxins from the body. 

Ingredients of Kanchanar Guggulu

Kanchanar guggulu has a distinct odour and a bitter taste. It consists of about 12 ingredients. These include:

Out of the above-mentioned ingredients, kanchanar and guggulu are the major ingredients. Kanchanar guggulu contains phytochemicals (plant-based derivatives), compounds like phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, sterols, fatty acids, fixed oils, proteins, carbohydrates, glycosides, lactones, saponins, and terpenoids. 

Properties of Kanchanar Guggulu

Kanchanar guggulu contains several active ingredients that have different beneficial properties and can be used to help in various conditions.

Potential Uses of Kanchanar Guggulu

1. Potential Uses of Kanchanar Guggulu for Hypothyroidism

According to Ayurveda, excess kapha dosha and medha dhatu (excess fats) lead to an impairment in the function of pitta dosha, which might cause hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism4.

However, the research available seems insufficient to identify the extent of benefits in humans, thus, it is suggested that one must visit a qualified doctor to get proper treatment for hypothyroidism.

2. Potential Uses of Kanchanar Guggulu for Cancer

Studies5 show that kanchanar guggulu contains a cytotoxic property by which it may regulate cell division and decrease cell proliferation. Hence, this Ayurvedic preparation might help with the treatment of cancer. However, for humans, we would need more extensive research that can validate this claim. Moreover, cancer is a serious illness that may require you to consult a qualified doctor for its diagnosis and treatment.

3. Potential Uses of Kanchanar Guggulu for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Kanchanar Guggulu contains triphala and trikatu, which contain vitamin C. This might help in relaxing the muscles of the prostate and the bladder neck. This might help relieve pressure and improve urination6. This may indicate the benefits of kachanar gugglu for this condition, but it needs further study to establish its effectiveness. You must consult a doctor for advice.

4. Potential Uses of Kanchanar Guggulu for Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis is a common condition among children.  Kanchanar guggulu may have a beneficial effect on the increased kapha and rakta doshas in the body7. Hence, it is beneficial in decreasing the signs and symptoms of chronic tonsillitis. Please visit your doctor for proper prescription and guidance.

5. Potential Uses of Kanchanar Guggulu for Lymph Node Swelling

Lymph node swelling may occur due to bacterial and viral infections. They may occur in the neck, groin or armpit.  

Kanchanar guggulu may have potential antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties, which may make it an effective remedy for lymph node swellings. It may also be helpful in reducing glandular swellings. 

6. Other Potential Uses of Kanchanar Guggulu

Kanchanar guggulu may have some beneficial effect in the treatment of fistulas, leprosy, cysts, skin diseases, boils, liver cysts, polycystic kidney disease, and other swellings in the body.  

Though studies show the benefits of kanchanar guggulu against various disease conditions, these studies are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of beetroot on human health.  

From my experience, Kanchanar Guggulu may help ease symptoms associated with PCOS. Insulin resistance, commonly seen in PCOS, may be reduced because of the anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic qualities of Kanchanar Guggulu.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Also Read: Ashokarishta: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Side Effects of Kanchanar Guggulu

Even Ayurvedic herbs may have specific side effects and may react differently in every person. Ensure that you consult an Ayurvedic physician before using it for proper guidance.

Additionally, Kanchanar Guggulu might result in mild gastric discomfort in people with a sensitive stomach. It might cause headaches, vomiting, nausea, diarrhoea, hiccups, stomach upset, allergic reactions, skin rashes, and itching when taken in large doses. If you experience any of these side effects or allergic reactions after using beetroot, stop its use and contact your healthcare provider immediately.  

From my knowledge, Kanchanar Guggulu might be your ally in your weight loss journey. The bitter, astringent, and pungent flavour of Guggulu stimulates metabolism and may aid in fat burning and improving digestion. Hence, they may play a significant role in overall body weight loss.

Dr. Smita barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Also Read: Mulberry (Shahtoot): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Precautions and Warnings to be Taken with Kanchanar Guggulu

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.

Also Read: Patharchatta: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Smita Barode

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is the kachnar tree found only in India?

Bauhinia variegata is not only found in India but is also distributed in China, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos1

What are the different formulations of guggulu?

The different formulations of guggulu are Abha guggulu, Amrita guggulu, Abhyadi guggulu, Amritadi guggulu, Amrita guggulu dvitya, Amritadyo guggulu, Dwatrinshako guggulu and Dashang guggulu9.  

Which parts of the kachnar tree are used for benefits? 

The stem bark, leaves, seeds, and flowers of the  Kachnar tree are used for different beneficial purposes.  

What are the other names of guggul? 

Common names of guggul are guggal, gugulipid, gum guggal, and gum guggulu. 

What are the other names of the kachnar tree?

The common names of this tree include Camel’s foot tree, orchid tree, the ebony tree, butterfly ash, poor man’s orchid, and mountain ebony. 

Does kanchanar guggulu have antioxidant properties?

Antioxidants are substances that might protect your cells from damage caused by free radicals. High levels of free radicals can cause harm to the body. The flavonoids and phenols present in  Kanchanar guggulu contribute to their antioxidant property. Further studies can identify the antioxidants for humans.

References

  1. Sahu AN, Padhy RN. Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata): 18. ResearchGate. 2020 Dec [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347463758_Kachnar_Bauhinia_variegata_18
  2. Sarup P, Bala S, Kamboj S. Pharmacology and phytochemistry of oleo-gum resin of Commiphora wightii (Guggulu). Scientifica (Cairo). 2015;2015:138039. doi: 10.1155/2015/138039. Epub 2015 Oct 26. PMID: 26587309; PMCID: PMC4637499. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4637499/
  3. Lamsal R, Kumar A. Action of Kanchanar Guggulu in the management of Galganda (hypothyroidism): A review. ResearchGate. 2023 Mar [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369471533_ACTION_OF_KANCHANAR_GUGGULU_IN_THE_MANAGEMENT_OF_GALGANDA_HYPOTHYROIDISM_A_REVIEW
  4. Yadav V. Exploring the Ayurvedic perspective on hypothyroidism: Insight and holistic solution. ResearchGate. 2024 Apr [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/380355840_EXPLORING_THE_AYURVEDIC_PERSPECTIVE_ON_HYPOTHYROIDISM_INSIGHT_and_HOLISTIC_SOLUTION
  5. Shukla V, Bhathena ZP, Shah G, Jha A, Nishteswar K. Cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity of Kanchnar Guggulu, an Ayurvedic formulation. ResearchGate. 2018 Oct [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328070686_Cytotoxic_and_antiproliferative_activity_of_kanchnar_guggulu_an_Ayurvedic_formulation
  6. Patel JK, Dudhamal TS, Gupta SK, Mahanta V. Efficacy of Kanchanara Guggulu and Matra Basti of Dhanyaka Gokshura Ghrita in Mootraghata (benign prostatic hyperplasia). Ayu. 2015 Apr-Jun;36(2):138-44. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.175552. PMID: 27011713; PMCID: PMC4784122. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4784122/
  7. Adhvaryu TR, Patel KS, Kori VK, Rajagopala S, Manjusha R. Evaluation of the effect of Kanchnara Guggulu and Tankana-Madhu Pratisarana in the management of Tundikeri (tonsillitis) in children. Ayu. 2016 Jul-Dec;37(3-4):190-197. doi: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_91_14. PMID: 29491671; PMCID: PMC5822979. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5822979/
  8. Urizar NL, Moore DD. Therapeutic effects of Guggul and its constituent guggulsterone: Cardiovascular benefits. ResearchGate. 2003 Dec [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5771050_Therapeutic_Effects_of_Guggul_and_Its_Constituent_Guggulsterone_Cardiovascular_Benefits
  9. Tomar R, Kaur G, Sannd R, Singh H, Sarkar B. A review on Guggulu formulations used in Ayurveda. Ann Ayurvedic Med. 2013;2(4):140-145. Available from: https://aamjournal.in/fulltext/70-1389420886.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Kalmegh: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Introduction

Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees is known as kalmegh in Hindi. It is known to be an important native crop of India and Srilanka1.

Kalmegh is also called ‘BhuiNeem’ as it looks very similar to neem and, though smaller, has a bitter taste. Kalmegh is an erect herb that grows annually. It is used as a wonder drug in tribal medicine and in Indian Siddha, ayurvedic systems of medicine2,4.

Properties of Kalmegh

Kalmegh is an important herb for its benefits for health, as it acts by inducing enzymes. Kalmegh’s potential beneficial properties are as follows1:

Potential Uses of Kalmegh

Indian systems of medicine, including Ayurveda, have been using the plant for its potential health benefits since ancient times. In countries like China, India, and other south-east Asian countries, kalmegh is traditionally used for various health conditions4.  A variety of compounds that have been isolated from the plant may be used in medicinal formulations. The potential uses of kalmegh and its extracts are:

1. Potential Uses of Kalmegh in Infections

Kalmegh may not be a substitute for antibiotics, but it could have a complementary effect when used along with antibiotics for several infections. Some infections that may be helpful in are gastrointestinal tract infections, upper respiratory tract infections, throat infections, fever, and colds. It is, however, essential to consult your doctor before taking kalmegh for any infection3.

2. Potential Uses of Kalmegh as an Analgesic & Anti-inflammatory Herb

Kalmegh may act as a pain killer, and it may also reduce swelling and blood loss. The anti-inflammatory action of kalmagh may probably be mediated, in part, by its adrenal function. Moreover, for pain and inflammation2, consult your doctor for relief.

3. Potential Uses of Kalmegh in Improving Digestion

Kalmegh helps improve digestion due to its laxative properties; it aids in the elimination of faeces. It is also choleretic (helps in improving the properties of bile and causes a substantial increase in the flow of bile) and thus aids in digestion3.

4. Potential Uses of Kalmegh for Protecting the Liver

Kalmegh may be effective against liver toxicity by producing a cleaning solvent and inhibiting the production of free radicals that destroy the cellular membranes that surround liver cells. Free radicals might cause liver cirrhosis. This can further result in coma and death. Studies5 have shown that kalmegh may be an effective solution for infectious hepatitis. In a study5, decoction obtained from the kalmegh plant demonstrates cleaning and purifying activity, especially of blood. Thus, it may be used to cure jaundice. Kalmegh may be helpful for the treatment of fatty liver, and it can reduce the risk of gallstone formation. Thus, it might also aid in fat digestion2. Moreover, for any conditions related to the liver, you must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.

5. Potential Uses of Kalmegh for Cancer Treatment

Kalmegh is believed to have a cancerolytic effect; it fights and may even kill cancer cells. Extract from kalmegh may have some effect on enhancing immune system functions. Studies6 show the potential of kalmegh as it activates dual responses, making it effective against a variety of infectious and cancer-causing agents. 

Due to this ability, the National Cancer Institute terms kalmegh as a cytotoxic substance. It may also have lesser toxicity than most chemotherapeutic agents. While kalmegh shows potential in treatment for cancer, further research is needed to find which types of cancer respond to it.  

6. Potential Uses of Kalmegh in the Treatment of Ulcers

Kalmegh extract demonstrated antiulcerogenic activity. It may reduce the development of ulcers as it significantly decreases stomach acidity without any major side effects7. However, more studies are needed to establish its effect on ulcers in humans. Consult a doctor to get better advice.

7. Potential Uses of Kalmegh in the Treatment of Filaria

Kalmegh extracts may be effective in the treatment of filaria, in which there is obstruction of lymph channels leading to gross swelling termed elephantiasis8. It may show no apparent toxic effects. Though the exact effects of kalmegh on filaria are not known, thus you must consult a doctor.

8. Potential Uses of Kalmegh for the Treatment of Malaria

Kalmegh extract comprises of antimalarial substance, which is known to show activity against Plasmodium berghei (malaria-transmitting parasite). Its effects were found to be even better than that of an antimalarial drug9. It may control the spread of parasites which causes the spread of malaria, thus being more effective. Further studies can establish this effect of kalmegh.

9. Potential Uses of Kalmegh for Treatment of Inflammation

Researches10 show the anti-inflammatory activity of kalmegh; it was found to inhibit oedema. It may also treat chronic inflammation of the colon in combination with prescription drugs. Local bacterial infection causes kidney inflammation. Studies11 have shown kalmegh extracts to be effective in the treatment of this condition, and their performance was found to be comparable to the standard clinical drug used for the treatment. You should consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment for such conditions, it may be dangerous to self-medicate using herbs without proper information of its impact on your condition.

10. Potential Uses of kalmegh as Thrombolytic & Cardioprotective Substance

Studies12 show that kalmegh has the potential to increase the time taken to clot clotting. It, may, therefore, reduce the risk of restenosis (closing of blood vessels) observed post-angioplasty. Contraction of blood vessels caused by injuries to the inner lining of blood vessels or by high cholesterol in the diet may also be reduced significantly by using kalmegh.

Reduced blood supply and oxygen availability to heart muscles may cause the heart tissues to die. Kalmegh was found to stimulate the natural process in the body called fibrinolysis that dissolves blood clots in studies. However, such effects need to be proved by further research. Moreover, it is essential to consult a doctor before using kalmegh for any apparent health benefits.

11. Potential Uses of Kalmegh in Brain-related Disorders

Kamegh may also help in maintaining the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain. It may therefore helpful in reducing the occurrence of memory loss, impaired mental performance, dizziness, headaches, depression, and ringing in the ears13. However, these effects need to be proved by further research and it is essential to consult a doctor before using kalmegh for any benefits.

Though there are studies that show the potential uses of kalmegh in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of kalmegh on human health.  

Based on some research14, I have found that andrographolide, present in Kalmegh, may have the potential in fighting HIV. Scientists created different versions of andrographolide and found that some derivatives were effective against HIV. Further research is needed, but these findings suggest that andrographolide derivatives might be useful in managing HIV.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

How to Use Kalmegh?

Every part of the kalmegh plant body may be used to obtain active pharmacological compounds for its benefit.

Kindly refer to your doctor for advice, and consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.

Also Read: Bael (Aegle Marmelos): Uses, Benefits, Nutritional Value & Side Effects

Side Effects of Kalmegh

When consumed in moderation kalmegh may be safe, but overuse of kalmegh may produce some side effects such as.  

In case you experience such side effects you must consult your doctor for help they will prescribe a solution as per your condition.

Also Read: Noni Fruit Juice: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Precautions to Take With Kalmegh

It is advisable that, as a precaution, women may avoid kalmegh usage while they are pregnant. The safety of kalmegh in pregnant and breastfeeding women has not been fully studied. Likewise, no research has been done on the safety of kalmegh in children and elderly. Therefore, it should only be taken under the supervision and advice of a physician.

Also Read: Chandraprabha Vati (Chandraprabha Gulika): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Interactions With Other Drugs

There is not much information available on how kalmegh interacts with other medications. Hence, one should consult a doctor before taking barley if they take any other drug or supplement.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is kalmegh good for stomach ailments?  

Pills prepared by mixing juice obtained from the leaves of the kalmegh plant and spices (cardamom, clove, and cinnamon) are prescribed to relieve infants from stomach aches and other stomach ailments. You should consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment for such conditions, it may be dangerous to self-medicate using herbs without proper information of its impact on your condition.

Can we use kalmegh as a sedative? 

It is shown that kalmegh demonstrates some sedative effects. It is rather a relaxing herb as it is not as effective as established herbal sedatives, you should consult a doctor for advice on consuming kalmegh for its relaxing effect.

Can kalmegh help diabetic patients? 

Kamegh decoction on oral use may reduce blood glucose levels as it demonstrates a hypoglycemic effect stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas, which is similar to that of other antidiabetic medicines. However, conditions like diabetes must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. Kindly consult a doctor and do not self-medicate.

Can cholesterol levels in the body be reduced by using kalmegh? 

Studies14 have shown extracts from kalmegh to have potential hypolipidemic effects. Moreover, it protects our heart without causing any damage to the liver. It reduces bad cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein) and triglyceride levels in the blood. Kindly consult a doctor as the diseases of the heart must be properly diagnosed and treated by a specialist.

References

  1. Okhuarobo A, Falodun JE, Erharuyi O, Imieje V, Falodun A, Langer P. Harnessing the medicinal properties of Andrographis paniculata for diseases and beyond: a review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2014 Jun;4(3):213–222. doi:10.1016/S2222-1808(14)60509-0. PMCID: PMC4032030. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4032030/
  2. Mishra SK, Sangwan NS, Sangwan RS. Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh): a review. Pharmacogn Rev. 2007 Jul-Dec;1(2):283–298. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281535536_Andrographis_paniculata_Kalmegh_A_review
  3. Hossain S, Urbi Z, Karuniawati H, Mohiuddin RB, Moh Qrimida A, Allzrag AMM, Ming LC, Pagano E, Capasso R. Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: An updated review of phytochemistry, antimicrobial pharmacology, and clinical safety and efficacy. Life (Basel). 2021 Apr 16;11(4):348. doi:10.3390/life11040348. PMID: 33923529; PMCID: PMC8072717. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8072717/
  4. Bhaisare S, Pathak S, Ajankar VV. Physiological activities of the King of Bitters (Andrographis paniculata): a review. Cureus. 2023 Aug 15;15(8):e43515. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43515. PMID: 37719535; PMCID: PMC10501175. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10501175/
  5. Chturvedi GN, Tomar GS, Tiwari SK, Singh KP. Clinical studies on kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata Nees) in infective hepatitis. Anc Sci Life. 1983 Apr–Jun;2(4):208–215. PMID: 22556984; PMCID: PMC3336768. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3336768/
  6. Varma A, Padh H, Shrivastava N. Andrographolide: a new plant-derived antineoplastic entity on horizon. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:815390. doi:10.1093/ecam/nep135. PMID: 19752167; PMCID: PMC3139959. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3139959/
  7. Saranya P, Geetha A, Selvamathy SM. A biochemical study on the gastroprotective effect of andrographolide in rats induced with gastric ulcer. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2011 Sep-Oct;73(5):550–557. doi:10.4103/0250-474X.99012. PMID: 22923868; PMCID: PMC3425067. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425067/
  8. Al-Abd NM, Nor ZM, Al-Adhroey AH, Suhaimi A, Sivanandam S. Recent advances on the use of biochemical extracts as filaricidal agents. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:986573. doi:10.1155/2013/986573. PMID: 24298292; PMCID: PMC3835708. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3835708/
  9. Misra P, Pal NL, Guru PY, Katiyar JC, Srivastava V, Tandon JS. Antimalarial activity of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) against Plasmodium berghei NK 65 in Mastomys natalensis. Int J Pharmacogn. 1992;30(4):263–274. doi:10.3109/13880209209054010. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232035136
  10. Manjula SD, Prasanna Kumar S, Rao VK. Anti-inflammatory activity of ten indigenous plants in carrageenan induced paw oedema in albino rats. Biomedicine (India). 2021;41(3):649–653. doi:10.51248/.v41i3.585. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355775104
  11. Intharuksa A, Arunotayanun W, Yooin W, Sirisa-ard P. A comprehensive review of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees and its constituents as potential lead compounds for COVID-19 drug discovery. Molecules. 2022 Jul 13;27(14):4479. doi:10.3390/molecules27144479. PMID: 35889352; PMCID: PMC9316804. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9316804/
  12. Wang DW, Zhao HY. Prevention of atherosclerotic arterial stenosis and restenosis after angioplasty with Andrographis paniculata Nees and fish oil. Experimental studies of effects and mechanisms. Chin Med J (Engl). 1994 Jun;107(6):464–70. PMID: 7956489. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7956489/
  13. Souza LC, Andrade MK, Azevedo EM, Ramos DC, Bail EL, Vital MABF. Andrographolide attenuates short-term spatial and recognition memory impairment and neuroinflammation induced by a streptozotocin rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurotox Res. 2022 Oct;40(5):1440–1454. doi:10.1007/s12640-022-00569-5. Epub 2022 Aug 27. PMID: 36029454. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36029454/
  14. Jayakumar T, Hsieh CY, Lee JJ, Sheu JR. Experimental and clinical pharmacology of Andrographis paniculata and its major bioactive phytoconstituent andrographolide. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:846740. doi:10.1155/2013/846740. Epub 2013 Mar 24. PMID: 23634174; PMCID: PMC3619690. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3619690/

Disclaimer:The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Chandraprabha Vati (Chandraprabha Gulika): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Introduction

Chandraprabha Vati is made of two Sanskrit words: ‘Chandra’ means moon and ‘Prabha’ means glow1. Chandraprabha Vati contains 37 ingredients and it may be a helpful Ayurvedic formulation that can be used in obesity, diabetes, metabolic diseases, and other diseases related to the urinary and genital system.

Potential Uses of Chandraprabha Vati

This ancient remedy has value in various health-related conditions.

1. For Weight Management

Chandraprabha may help to remove excess body fat and restore fat at the required places. It may be effective in cases of cellulite and obesity. It might help in improving stamina and strength and have a calming effect on the body. However, we need more studies to provide scientific evidence for these benefits of Chandraprabha Vati.

2. For Gout

Chandraprabha Vati may help with the elimination of toxins like urea and creatinine from the body. It may be beneficial for kidney function and might help in the excretion of excess uric acid, thus helping with conditions like gout2. It is prescribed by ayurvedic doctors along with other herbal powders like Gokshuradi Vati and Guduchi Satva. However, this information is insufficient for humans as these studies are done on animals. Thus, more studies on humans are required to back this claim. Therefore, it is essential to first speak to your doctors and only use it if prescribed.

3. For Diabetes

Chandraprabha Vati may have some effect in improving blood sugar levels. It may also decrease the frequency of urination in people who have diabetes3.

Microalbuminuria is a condition where there is protein loss in the urine. Microalbuminuria is an early indicator of kidney failure in diabetic patients. Chandraprabha Vati, when taken along with other herbal remedies, may be helpful for microalbuminuria.

Using Chandraprabha might have some effect on insulin resistance by stimulating the burning of glucose and promoting glucose absorption into the cells. These tablets can also be used in diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes is a serious health problem; hence, a proper diagnosis and treatment are needed. Please consult your doctor for proper advice.

Other Potential Uses

Though there are studies that show the potential uses of Chandraprabha Vati in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Chandraprabha Vati on human health.

I would suggest Chandraprabha Vati as an excellent natural option for managing albuminuria. This condition is characterised by the presence of albumin (a protein) in the urine, which may indicate kidney damage. Studies5 have found that Chandraprabha Vati might reduce the amount of albumin. This means that it may help improve kidney function and promote better urinary health.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Also Read: Lady Finger (Bhindi): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

How to Use Chandraprabha Vati?

Chandraprabha is available in tablet (vati) form and can be taken with milk or water. Your Ayurvedic physician will prescribe you the form and dosage according to your health condition.

In addition, we advise you not to replace or quit your current medications with any herbal preparations made from cardamom without talking to a physician or an Ayurvedic doctor.

From what I have observed6, Chandraprabha Vati contains certain ingredients like Yavakshara and Svarjikakshara, which may have alkaline properties. These components might work in a gentle diuretic manner, meaning they may increase urine production. As a result, they help decrease the acidity of urine, providing relief from the discomfort of a burning sensation during urination.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Side Effects of Chandraprabha Vati (Chandraprabha Gulika)

Chandraprabha Vati does not produce any major side effects or serious adverse reactions when taken in recommended doses. It is essential to follow the dosage as prescribed by the Ayurvedic physician. However, every herb may react differently in every individual. Therefore, if you experience any of such side effects, seek immediate medical help from your doctor who has prescribed it to you. They will be the best guide for providing proper treatment to overcome side effects.

Also Read: Ashokarishta: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Precautions & Warnings to be Taken with Chandraprabha Vati

Chandraprabha Vati does not cause any side effects. Although, since the supplement contains iron, it should be avoided in conditions like: 

Chandraprabha Vati should be avoided by pregnant women.  One must take extra precautions while giving it to children and elderly adults might develop a few harmful reactions in the body. Without consulting a doctor, people should not use Chandrprabha Vati to self-medicate.

I would recommend Chandraprabhavati if you’re looking for a natural way to enhance your beauty. It contains a whopping 37 ingredients carefully selected to possibly promote youthful, wrinkle-free, and glowing skin4.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, BAMS, MD (Ayu)

Also Read: Patharchatta: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Smita Barode

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How to use Chandraprabha Vati? 

Your Ayurvedic physician will prescribe the dosage according to your health condition. Chandraprabha Vati can be taken with honey, milk, water, and herbal remedies like kwath and Guduchi. 

Can Chandraprabha Vati be used on the face?

Chandraprabha Vati can be used to restore the glow in a dull face.

Can Chandraprabha Vati be used for weight loss? 

Chandraprabha Vati may help in weight loss by eliminating fat from unwanted places and restoring fat elsewhere. But you should not take Chandraprabha Vati without consulting a doctor, to self-medicate.

Can Chandraprabha Vati be used to treat kidney stones?

Chandraprabha can be taken with herbal medications like Hajrulyahud Bhasma, Gokshuradi Gugul, and Punarnavadi Vati, which may have some benefits for the kidney stones. However, you must consult a qualified doctor for advice on medications for kidney stones. They will guide you as per your conditions.

Can Chandraprabha Vati be used in the treatment of piles? 

Chandraprabha taken along with Triphala Guggulu and Abhayarishta may have some effects on haemorrhoids (piles). Further studies are needed to establish this claim and it is best to consult a doctor for advice. 

Is Chandraprabha Vati useful for managing asthma? 

Chandraprabha Vati can also be helpful in respiratory issues like asthma and difficulty in breathing. But the current studies available are not enough to understand the exact benefits of the herb.

Is Chandraprabha Vati useful for treating heart conditions? 

Chandraprabha Vati is effective in decreasing cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and fat accumulation in the blood vessels. You must consult a doctor for any issues related to heart, as self-medication can worsen the condition.

References

  1. Age VD, Solanki VS. Chandraprabha Vati: A Timeless Elixir in Ayurvedic Medicine. Int J Adv Res Sci Commun Technol. 2024 Dec;4(1):368–369. doi:10.48175/IJARSCT-22653. Available from: https://ijarsct.co.in/Paper22653.pdf
  2. Singh J. Chandraprabha Vati: Benefits, Uses, Dosage & Side Effects. Ayur Times [Internet]. 2015 Mar 16 [cited 2025 Apr 22]; Available from: https://www.ayurtimes.com/chandraprabha-vati-benefits-uses-dosage-side-effects/
  3. Wanjari MM, Mishra S, Dey YN, Sharma D, Gaidhani SN, Jadhav AD. Antidiabetic activity of Chandraprabha vati – A classical Ayurvedic formulation. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2016 Jul–Sep;7(3):144–50. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2016.08.010. PMID: 27665674; PMCID: PMC5052381. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5052381/
  4. Weerasekera KR, Dhammarathana I, Tissera AHM, Ariyawansha HAS, Ratnasooriya WD. Anti-inflammatory activity of an Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation: Chandraprabha Vati. Int J Recent Adv Multidiscip Res. 2015;2(6):471–5. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336666082_ANTI-INFLAMMATORY_ACTIVITY_OF_AN_AYURVEDIC_HERBO-MINARAL_FORMULATION_CHANDRAPRABHA_VATI
  5. Weerasekera KR, Dhammarathana I, Tissera MHA, Ariyawansa HAS. Evaluation of the effect of Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation: Chandraprabha vati on albuminuria. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2015;3(5):300–5. doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.20150305.28. Available from: https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/article/10.11648/j.ajcem.20150305.28
  6. Kadwalia G, Sood P, Guleria P. Chandraprabha Vati in Mutrakrichhra – A Review. World J Pharm Res. 2018;7(8):311–22. doi:10.20959/wjpr20188-11864. Available from: https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/api/file/viewByFileId/686673.pdf

Disclaimer- The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Lady Finger (Bhindi): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Introduction

Ladyfinger, popularly known as bhindi in India, is rich in nutrients. It is a good source of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, enzymes, calcium, potassium, and several other nutrients. Its botanical name is Abelmoschus esculentus, and it belongs to the Malvaceae family. Ladyfinger is cultivated in warm, tropical, and subtropical regions across the world1

It is known by several other names globally. In English, it is referred to as okra, edible hibiscus, or ladies’ finger; in Sanskrit, as pitali, tindisha, and gandamula; in Farsi, Arabic, and Turkish, as bamia; in Bosnian, as bamveh; in Swedish, as okra; and in Italian and French, as gombo. 

Nutritional Value of Lady Finger

Here are the nutrients present in ladyfinger per 100 grams2

Based on my experience, I have observed that lady finger mucilage might have medicinal applications as a plasma replacement or blood volume expander. It is believed that the mucilage in lady finger has the potential to bind cholesterol and bile acids, aiding in the removal of toxins from the body. Lady finger mucilage could play a role in supporting cholesterol management and liver health.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Properties of Lady Finger

The properties of ladyfinger are:

Potential Uses of Lady Finger (Bhindi)

Due to its rich nutrient content and beneficial compounds lady finger may have several potential uses:

1. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Diabetes

The seeds and peels of ladyfinger may help lower blood sugar levels and help manage type 2 diabetes. It may help block the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates and improve insulin sensitivity. Ladyfinger has shown insulin-like properties in lab studies4, due to which it may be effective in managing blood sugar level. However, if you are suffering from diabetes, you need to consult your healthcare provider first before using lady finger or any other herb to help with your symptoms.

2. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Colon Cancer

Ladyfinger has a rich amount of fibre and may act as an intestinal tract cleaner, mainly in the colon and large intestine, which may help lower the risk of colon cancer5. It also has antioxidants that may have some beneficial effect on the immune system, and it may help cells against mutation (alteration in the genetic material of the cell). if you are suffering from any form of cancer, you need to strictly follow your doctor’s advice and treatment. Before using ladyfinger or any other vegetable for its properties, make sure to consult with your doctor.

3. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Obesity

Regular consumption of ladyfinger (raw or cooked) may help manage obesity. Lady fingers have a minimal calorie content and high fibre content, which may give you a feeling of fullness without overeating. Obesity is not only caused by eating calorific and fatty food items, but can also be caused by nutrient deficiency. Eating ladyfinger along with a healthy lifestyle and eating habits may also help you manage obesity. If you want to lose weight, make sure to talk to your doctor or nutritionist before making any changes to your diet. They will be able to guide you better about the positives and limitations of each diet.  

4. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for the Stomach

Ladyfinger contains probiotics (good bacteria) that are stomach bacteria’s friends. Ladyfinger may show positive effects on the microbiome (community of good bacteria) in the intestine, as it helps in vitamin B complex biosynthesis. Ladyfinger may produce the same effects as yoghurt in the small intestine. Before you use lady finger or any vegetable for stomach conditions, make sure to consult your healthcare provider.

5. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Skin Conditions

Lady fingers have vitamin C and are rich in fibre. The fibre may help remove toxic waste, and vitamin C may help with skin pigmentation, repair body tissues, and aid in managing conditions like psoriasis, acne, and other skin diseases. Skin conditions require you to consult a skin doctor. You should consult your dermatologist before using ladyfinger for any skin condition.  

6. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Bad Cholesterol

Ladyfinger may help manage cholesterol levels. A study6 revealed that supplementation with ladyfinger altered cholesterol absorption and lowered its level in the body. Ladyfinger contains pectin (a type of fibre) that may aid in reducing bad cholesterol. It may also promote the degradation of cholesterol and block fat production in the body. It may also help lower the total cholesterol and triglycerides and promote bile acid excretion in stools. Ladyfingers may alter the production of bile in the intestine and remove deposited cholesterol, which eliminates bad cholesterol. If you are suffering from high blood cholesterol, you need to adhere to your doctor’s advice and treatment. Also, if you want to use ladyfingers for their properties, make sure to consult your doctor.

7. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Lung Conditions

The flowers and leaves of ladyfinger may help with conditions like bronchitis and pneumonia7. You may get the helpful properties by boiling the flowers and leaves in water. The slimy stuff in ladyfinger may be the secret to soothing and managing flu and common colds. However, if you feel like you are suffering from a lung condition, you should speak to your doctor immediately and get treated. Avoid using ladyfingers or any herbal remedy without a doctor’s consultation.

8. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Osteoporosis

Ladyfinger contains vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting, and it may help restore bone density and aid in managing osteoporosis. A study8 suggested that vitamin K may alter the metabolism of bone and positively influence the calcium balance. Osteoporosis is a serious condition that requires proper diagnosis and treatment. Before you start using ladyfinger for osteoporosis, make sure you have consulted with your doctor.

9. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Anaemia

Ladyfinger contains vitamin K, folate, and iron. These are considered some of the natural nutrients that may help manage anaemia. It may also facilitate the production of haemoglobin, red blood cells and blood clotting. All these actions may protect against anaemia. However, avoid using lady finger for anaemia without consulting your doctor.  

10. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Constipation

The mucilaginous, slimy substance in ladyfingers may help with proper water absorption along the digestive tract and bulk up the faeces, making them neither hard nor soft to pass. This slimy substance and fibre may bind with toxins and lubricate the large intestine, facilitating normal and effortless bowel movements due to its potential natural laxative property. However, if your symptoms don’t improve, contact your healthcare provider immediately.  Also, if you are experiencing constipation, you should talk to your doctor first before you use any vegetables on your own.

11. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for the Brain

A study9 has reported that ladyfinger may protect the function of the brain and improve memory and learning due to the presence of flavonoids that have brain-protective activity. Therefore, ladyfinger may be used to enhance memory. However, if you are experiencing any brain-related condition, it is better to consult with a doctor before using any herbal remedy.  

12. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for the Liver

Ladyfinger (Bhindi) is known to be helpful for the liver10. The slimy substance in lady fingers contains substances that may bind with cholesterol and bile acids, helping to detoxify the liver. Lady fingers contain an antioxidant that may help fight harmful bacteria and germs, protecting the body. However, if you are suffering from any liver ailment, you need to be careful with your choices. Avoid using ladyfinger without talking to your healthcare provider first.

13. Potential Uses of Lady Finger for Nutrition During Pregnancy

Lad yfinger has a rich amount of vitamin A, B, and C, along with elements like calcium and zinc, making it may be considered an ideal vegetable to consume during pregnancy. It also contains fibre and vitamin B9 (folic acid/folate). Also, it may have some beneficial effects in the development of the nervous system of the foetus. During pregnancy, make sure you have consulted with your doctor before using any herb or vegetable for its benefits.

Other Potential Uses of Lady Finger

Though there are studies that show the benefits of the ladyfinger in various conditions, but these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of ladyfinger on human health.  

Over the years, I have observed that lady finger seeds are a valuable source of high-quality protein, containing essential amino acids that are important for our body’s functions. This means that incorporating okra seeds into your diet can provide you with the necessary building blocks for growth, repair and overall health. Including lady finger seeds in your meals can help ensure an adequate intake of protein and support your body’s nutritional needs.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Also Read: Toor Dal: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

How to Use Lady Finger?

You can eat the following parts of the ladyfinger plant:

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.

Also Read: Methi (Fenugreek): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!

Side Effects of Lady Finger

There are no side effects of ladyfinger. However, some people might be allergic to ladyfinger. There are no studies that report any major side effects of ladyfinger. However, some people might be allergic to ladyfinger.If you notice any side effects, report them to your doctor.

Also, avoid using ladyfinger against any disease condition or its benefits without consulting your doctor. It will help you make well-informed choices and prevent any possible side effects.

Including lady finger seeds or incorporating okra seed oil into your diet can be a beneficial way to obtain essential fats and support your overall health. Lady finger seeds contain a significant amount of oil, ranging from about 20 to 40%. This oil can provide essential fatty acids that are important for various bodily functions, including maintaining healthy cell membranes, supporting hormone production, and promoting overall well-being.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Precautions to Take With Lady Finger

Some people develop allergic reactions to picking and eating ladyfinger. Avoid eating ladyfinger if you are allergic to it. Some people develop allergic reactions to picking and eating ladyfinger. Avoid eating ladyfinger if you are allergic to it. Also, if you experience any allergic reaction after eating lady fingers, you should consult your doctor.

Also Read: Raw Papaya: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Interactions With Other Drugs

There is insufficient information available about the interaction of lady fingers with other medicines. However, if you notice any signs and symptoms, you must report them to your physician.

Also, if you are taking medication for any health condition, make sure to consult your doctor about possible interactions between the medicine and any herbs or vegetables.

Did you know that roasted and ground lady finger seeds can be used as a caffeine-free substitute for coffee? By roasting and grinding the seeds, you can create a coffee-like beverage without the stimulating effects of caffeine. It might be an interesting alternative for those who prefer to avoid or reduce their caffeine intake while still enjoying a warm and flavorful drink.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the benefits of eating ladyfinger?

Ladyfinger/okra may help manage various disease conditions, including diabetes, ulcers, anaemia, sunstroke, glaucoma, cataracts, osteoporosis, constipation, asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, genital diseases, and obesity. Also, it may show positive effects on the brain, lungs, liver, digestive tract, etc. However, you must avoid using ladyfinger for any disease conditions or properties without prior consultation with your doctor.

Are there any side effects of ladyfinger (Bhindi)?

Usually, there are no side effects of ladyfinger. Yet, some people might be allergic to ladyfinger. If you observe any signs and symptoms, you must report them to your doctor. Also, avoid using ladyfinger for any disease condition without consulting your doctor first.

Can ladyfinger be eaten during pregnancy?

Ladyfinger may be consumed during pregnancy; it may have many positive effects. It contains vitamins A, B, B9, C, and elements like calcium and zinc, which might be helpful in pregnancy. Also, it may relieve constipation during pregnancy. If you are pregnant, avoid using ladyfinger for any condition before you have consulted with your doctor first.

Is ladyfinger good for weight loss?

Lady finger may have some effect on weight management. Regular consumption of ladyfinger, either raw or cooked, may help manage obesity. Lady fingers have a minimal calorie content and high fibre content, which may give you a feeling of fullness without eating too much food. Therefore, ladyfinger might be helpful in weight loss. However, avoid making any changes to your diet without consulting with your doctor or nutritionist.

Is ladyfinger good for diabetes?

The benefits of ladyfinger for diabetes have been studied. The seeds and peels of ladyfinger may help lower blood sugar levels and help manage type 2 diabetes. Ladyfinger/okra has also shown insulin-like properties during trials, due to which it may be effective in managing blood sugar.Therefore, you can use okra to manage diabetes. However, if you are suffering from diabetes, it is important that you consult with your doctor before taking any herb or vegetable as a remedy. Make sure to talk to your doctor first.

References

  1. Singh P, Chauhan V, Tiwari BK, Singh Chauhan S, Simon S, Bilal S, et al. AN OVERVIEW ON OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS) AND IT’S IMPORTANCE AS A NUTRITIVE VEGETABLE IN THE WORLD. Int J Pharm Biol Sci [Internet]. 2014;4(2):2230–7605. Available from: https://ijpbs.com/ijpbsadmin/upload/ijpbs_53df5a2907b19.pdf
  2. Elkhalifa AEO, Alshammari E, Adnan M, Alcantara JC, Awadelkareem AM, Eltoum NE, Mehmood K, Panda BP, Ashraf SA. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) as a potential dietary medicine with nutraceutical importance for sustainable health applications. Molecules. 2021 Jan 28;26(3):696. doi: 10.3390/molecules26030696. PMID: 33525745; PMCID: PMC7865958. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7865958/
  3. Chowdhury NS, Jamaly S, Farjana F, Begum N, Zenat EA. A review on ethnomedicinal, pharmacological, phytochemical and pharmaceutical profile of lady’s finger (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) plant. Pharmacology & Pharmacy. 2019;10(2):94–108. doi: 10.4236/pp.2019.102008. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331351829_A_Review_on_Ethnomedicinal_Pharmacological_Phytochemical_and_Pharmaceutical_Profile_of_Lady’s_Finger_Abelmoschus_esculentus_L_Plant​
  4. Sivakumar K, Bharathi R, Manikandan M, Priyadharshini R, Ramesh R. Effectiveness of raw lady’s finger extract in blood glucose control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a true experimental study. Int J Nurs Educ Res. 2023;11(1):12–8. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/390457376_Effectiveness_of_Raw_Lady’s_Finger_Extract_in_Blood_Glucose_Control_Among_Patients_with_Type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus_A_True_Experimental_Study​
  5. Gemede HF, Ratta N, Haki GD, Woldegiorgis AZ, Beyene F. Nutritional quality and health benefits of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus): a review. Pak J Food Sci. 2015;25(1):16–25. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277813487_Nutritional_Quality_and_Health_Benefits_of_Okra_Abelmoschus_esculentus_A_Review
  6. Dubey P, Mishra S. Effect of okra seed in reduction of cholesterol. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2017;5(4):94–7. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322953086_Effect_of_okra_seed_in_reduction_of_cholesterol
  7. Ademiluyi AO, Oboh G. The chemical and pharmacological basis of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) as potential therapy for type 2 diabetes. Biomed Pharmacother. 2013;67(1):1–7. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2012.09.013. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334104541_The_chemical_and_pharmacological_basis_of_okra_Abelmoschus_esculentus_L_Moench_as_potential_therapy_for_type_2_diabetes
  8. Fusaro M, Cianciolo G, Brandi ML, Ferrari S, Nickolas TL, Tripepi G, Plebani M, Zaninotto M, Iervasi G, La Manna G, Gallieni M, Vettor R, Aghi A, Gasperoni L, Giannini S, Sella S, Cheung AM. Vitamin K and osteoporosis. Nutrients. 2020 Nov 25;12(12):3625. doi: 10.3390/nu12123625. PMID: 33255760; PMCID: PMC7760385. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7760385/
  9. Yan T, Liu B, Wang N, Liao Z, Wu B, He B, Jia Y. The flavonoids of okra insulates against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and restores BDNF levels in Aβ1-42 induced mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Exp Gerontol. 2021 May;147:111263. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111263. Epub 2021 Jan 28. PMID: 33516906. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33516906/
  10. Alqasoumi SI. ‘Okra’ Hibiscus esculentus L.: a study of its hepatoprotective activity. Saudi Pharm J. 2012 Apr;20(2):135–41. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2011.10.002. Epub 2011 Nov 7. PMID: 23960784; PMCID: PMC3745186. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745186/
  11. IndianJadiBooti. Bhindi (Powder) – Dry Lady Finger Powder – Okra Powder – Abelmoschus esculentus. Available from: https://indianjadibooti.com/Jadistore/bhindi-powder-okra

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Lychee: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Introduction

Lychee isn’t just a sweet and juicy tropical delight. It’s a powerhouse of nutrients with many health benefits! Whether you want glowing skin, a strong immune system, or better digestion, this fruit will help you. In this blog, we’ll read about its amazing uses, health perks, and a few things to watch out for so you can enjoy lychee to the fullest!

Friendly Reminder: The information shared here is for educational purposes only and the reader should consult a registered medical practitioner before implementing any changes to their health routine.

Health Benefits of Lychee

The uses of lychee can be attributed to its nutrients like polyphenols and polysaccharides, which may possess many health benefits.

1. Good for Heart Health

High blood pressure and atherosclerosis (build-up of fats in the blood vessels) are some common conditions related to heart problems that affect people in their middle and old age. Eating lychee pulp might help relieve atherosclerosis and high blood pressure. The phenolic compounds in lychee pulp may help reduce blood pressure by stopping an angiotensin-converting enzyme. This enzyme is responsible for modulating blood pressure[1].

In animal studies, Lychee pulp could reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (bad cholesterol) and enhance high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (good cholesterol) levels. However, you should consult your healthcare provider if you have a heart condition. 

2. Good for the Brain

Lychee might show brain-protective benefits, as indicated by several lab studies[1]. Lychee seed extract could help with Alzheimer’s disease due to its potential effect on brain damage in an animal trial. The saponin compounds in lychee seed extract may also improve cognitive functions[7]. Lychee seed extract might help with Alzheimer’s[4], but more studies are needed to verify the safety and toxicological aspects. Also, if you are facing problems related to brain functions, please reach out to your doctor.

3. Helps with Weight Management

Lychee seed extract might be helpful for obesity[1]. Obesity can also lead to high lipid levels in the blood and make you prone to other health risks. Lychee pulp extract could also help control obesity during a trial[3]. The pancreatic lipase enzyme is an enzyme that helps digest fats. Stopping the pancreatic lipase enzyme may help with managing obesity. Lychee seed extract contains a protein that could hinder pancreatic lipase enzymes. However, if you wish to lose or manage weight, consulting a dietician or doctor before making any diet changes is recommended.

4. Good for Liver Health

The liver is an essential organ responsible for detoxification and regulation of the metabolism of nutrients. Polyphenols present in lychee extract may reduce the extent of liver damage[2]. Long-term and excessive usage of alcohol can lead to the accumulation of fats. Polyphenols might also prevent alcoholic fatty liver disease[6], characterised by excessive accumulation of fats in the liver. However, if you have any liver problems, consulting a doctor before consuming any fruit or herb is recommended as using herbal remedies without consulting your doctor may worsen your condition.

5. Boosts Immunity

Immunity is an essential physiological function of the human body. Our immunity protects the body from pathogens and maintains overall health. Compounds like polysaccharides and flavonoids present in lychee may have immunomodulatory benefits. Both dried and fresh fruits of lychee may modify the functioning of the immune system[1].

6. Good for Oxidative Stress

Excessive production of free radicals in the body can lead to conditions like atherosclerosis and cancer. Antioxidants can protect the body from free radicals and may help prevent the development of chronic diseases. Lychee contains polyphenols and polysaccharides in abundance[2]. These compounds possess potent antioxidant activity, which may help with the damage caused by free radicals[1]. However, these studies are incomplete in confirming these claims.

How to Eat Lychee

Lychee is a sweet fruit that can be enjoyed fresh. It is also available in the form of juices and dried fruits.

You must consult a doctor before taking lychee or any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing medicine treatment with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a competent doctor. 

Possible Side Effects of Lychee

Consuming lychee in excessive amounts may lead to side effects, but in rare cases. Some people may develop adverse reactions like:

If you notice these side effects, contact your doctor for treatment.

Also Read: Jowar: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Things to Keep in Mind Before Eating Lychee

  1. Precautions for Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: There is a lack of sufficient evidence to prove if there are any side effects of lychee if eaten during pregnancy and breastfeeding period. Therefore, pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult with their doctor before consuming lychee.
  2. Precautions for Children: There is insufficient information on lychee consumption in infants. Therefore, the usage of this fruit should be avoided in infants.
  3. Precautions for People on Medication: Lychee may interact with certain medications. It is advised to avoid the consumption of lychee if you are taking medicines for any ailments.

Interactions of Lychee with Other Drugs

Lychee is known to lower blood glucose levels. Therefore, people taking drugs that lower blood sugar, such as insulin, should exercise caution while eating lychee.

Taking lychee with certain drugs can increase the risk of bleeding. These drugs include aspirin, warfarin, heparin, clopidogrel, ibuprofen, and naproxen.

Lychee Can Also Interact with Drugs Like:

Also Read: 8 Health Benefits Of Cucumber That You Should Know

Conclusion

From supporting heart health and boosting immunity to enhancing skin health, lychee offers multiple benefits when consumed in moderation. However, like any other fruit, it’s essential to enjoy it mindfully, considering its natural sugar content and potential side effects. Whether you eat it fresh, blend it into smoothies, or add it to sweet dishes, lychee can be a delicious and healthy addition to your diet. Enjoy this juicy superfruit and its many benefits!

Also Read: Papaya (Papita): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What does lychee taste like?

Lychee has a sweet and floral flavour with a hint of tartness. Its taste is often compared to a blend of grape and pear, with a slightly musky aroma. The flesh is juicy and delicate, making it a refreshing and exotic fruit.

Does lychee have sugar?

Yes, lychee contains natural sugar, which contributes to its sweet taste. On average, a single lychee fruit has about 1.5 grams of sugar, and a cup of lychee contains approximately 29 grams of sugar.

Does lychee have vitamin C?

Yes, lychee is rich in vitamin C. One cup of fresh lychee provides over 100% of the recommended daily take. It is a good source of this essential nutrient, which supports immune function[5], skin health, and overall wellness.

Does lychee have potassium?

Yes, lychees contain potassium. A serving of fresh lychee provides moderate potassium, which is essential for maintaining proper muscle, nerve, and fluid balance in the body[8].

Can lychee make you sick?

Lychee can make you sick if consumed in large quantities, especially on an empty stomach, due to the presence of hypoglycin A and methylene cyclopropyl glycine (MCPG), which can cause a sudden drop in blood sugar levels. Additionally, eating unripe or lychees contaminated with pesticides can have adverse effects. It is generally safe to consume lychees in moderation as part of a balanced diet.

Can you eat lyche seeds?

No, lychee seeds should not be eaten. They contain toxic compounds, such as saponins, which can be harmful if ingested. The seeds are not edible and should be discarded, while the fruit’s juicy flesh is safe and nutritious.

Can babies eat lychee? 

Babies can eat lychee, but it should be introduced once they are at leas one year old to reduce the risk of choking and potential allergic reactions. Always ensure the fruit is peeled, deseeded, and cut into small, manageable pieces.

References

1. Zhao L, Wang K, Wang K, Zhu J, Hu Z. Nutrient components, health benefits, and safety of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 2020 Jul 1;19(4):2139–63. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1541-4337.12590 

2. Kilari EK, Putta S. Biological and Phytopharmacological Descriptions of Litchi Chinensis. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2016 Jan 1;10(19):60. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4791990/ 

3. Zhao L, Wang K, Wang K, Zhu J, Hu Z. Nutrient components, health benefits, and safety of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 2020 Jun 18 [cited 2025 Feb 25]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33337091/ 

4. Hamid M, Mansoor S, Amber S, Zahid S. A quantitative meta-analysis of vitamin C in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2022 Sep 7 [cited 2025 Feb 25]. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2022.970263/full 

5. Office of Dietary Supplements. Vitamin C. Office of Dietary Supplements. 2023 [cited 2025 Feb 25]. Available from: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/ 

6. Jinato T, Chayanupatkul M, Dissayabutra T, Chutaputti A, Tangkijvanich P, Chuaypen N. Litchi-derived polyphenol alleviates liver steatosis and gut dysbiosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Nutrients. 2022 Jul 16 [cited 2025 Feb 25]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9319370/ 

7. Wang X, Wu J, Yu C, Tang Y, Liu J, Chen H, et al. Lychee seed saponins improve cognitive function and prevent neuronal injury via inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Nutrients. 2017 Feb 4 [cited 2025 Feb 25]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5331536/

8. What are the health benefits of Lychee (Litchi) fruit? ResearchGate. 2023 [cited 2025 Feb 25]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_are_the_health_benefits_of_Lychee_Litchi_fruit

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Curry Leaves (Kadi Patta): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Introduction

Curry leaves are a part of a small deciduous aromatic shrub, scientifically named Murraya koenigii, belonging to the family Rutaceae. It may be considered a natural medicinal plant. South Asia is home to this plant, and it is found in countries like Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, China and India. In India, it is found at the bottom of the Himalayas, in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Assam[1].

The plant has vibrant leaves that grow throughout the spring, summer and monsoon and fall off in winter. There are references in Tamil and Kannada literature that describe Murraya koenigii as ‘Kari, ‘ which means ‘spiced sauce’ used as a flavouring agent for vegetables. It is recognised as the most popular spice and condiment in India. It is commonly called Kadipatta or Mitha neem in Hindi, Karuvepillei in Tamil, and Kariveppilee in Malayalam.

Nutritional Value of Curry Leaves

Both dried and fresh curry leaves possess good nutritional value and are beneficial for health. Nutritional value of curry leaves per 100 grams.

Fresh Curry Leaves:

Dried Curry Leaves:

Properties of Curry Leaves

According to Ayurveda, curry leaves may have many beneficial properties:

Potential Uses of Curry Leaves

The potential uses of curry leaves might be for various health conditions. The benefits of curry leaves found in several studies are as follows:

1. Potential uses of curry leaves for diabetes

The efficacy of curry leaves in managing blood sugar was studied in an animal model by Dusane et al. 2012[2]. There was a significant reduction in blood sugar levels. This blood sugar-lowering property of the leaf extract might help with blood sugar levels. This effect may be an insulin-like effect, which might reduce blood sugar either by increasing pancreatic insulin production or glucose uptake by the cells due to specific enzymes. This shows that curry leaves may be effective in managing Diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes is a major disease and must be adequately diagnosed. Unfortunately, the above information is insufficient due to the fact that these studies are not done on humans. However, more human trials are required to show the positive effect of curry leaves on managing blood sugar levels in the body. Hence, it is essential to consult with doctors and only have it as a medicine.

2. Potential uses of curry leaves (Kadi Patta) for the skin

The benefit of curry leaves and their essential oil is that they may act against inflammatory cells. When applied to external superficial injuries like skin eruption, burns, and bruises, they might show wound healing activity. The essential oil from leaves may be used in creams and other formulations that might be effective for sun protection, skin lightening, glowing and moisturising rough skin. Curry leaf oil may also be helpful in dealing with skin problems such as boils, acne, pimples, itching, ringworm, athlete’s foot, etc[3].

There is a need for further studies to develop the beneficial effects of curry leaves to maintain skin health. Therefore, people should consult a doctor before taking any herbal preparations made from curry leaves. In addition, we advise you not to discontinue or replace ongoing medicines with an Ayurvedic or herbal preparation without consulting a doctor.

3. Potential uses of curry leaves for high cholesterol

In an animal study[4] conducted by Xie et al. 2006, curry leaves significantly reduced the total cholesterol and triglyceride (fat) levels. This hypolipidemic (lipid-lowering) activity of curry leaves might be because of its antioxidant properties. It may help to reduce cholesterol and low-density lipids (bad cholesterol); this suggests it may have a potential role in lowering cholesterol and fat metabolism.

However, these studies are not sufficient to understand the effect on humans. We require more information on the benefits of curry leaves in managing cholesterol levels in the human body. Therefore, before using curry leaves for a cholesterol check, it is better to speak with a doctor.

4. Potential uses of curry leaves for the liver

Animal model studies[9] by Desai et al. 2012, revealed that the extract of the curry leaves significantly increased the activity of the liver enzymes that support the oxidation of lipids in the liver. The extract also showed liver-protecting activity that prevented liver damage.

The information mentioned above is insufficient as these studies are done on animals. However, more studies on humans are essential to know the benefits of curry leaves on human health. Hence, it is crucial to consult with your concerned doctors.

Other Potential uses of Curry Leaves (Kadi Patta)

Though there are studies showing the benefits of curry leaves in several health conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of curry leaves on human health. Additionally, every person may respond differently to these herbs. Therefore, it is essential to take the advice of a doctor before using curry leaves for any medical condition.

Based on some studies[11], curry leaves might be as effective as chlorhexidine in treating gum inflammation (gingivitis) caused by plaque.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How To Use Curry Leaves?

Curry leaves can be used in the following ways:

People need to consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements made from curry leaves. We recommend that you not replace or discontinue your current medicines with Ayurvedic or herbal preparations without consulting an Ayurvedic doctor.

Also Read: Sesame Seeds: Benefits, Uses, Side Effects and More!

Side Effects of Curry Leaves (Kadi Patta)

There is no major study that recorded evidence that shows the side effects of curry leaves in humans. However, some studies[8] by Xie et al. 2006 in animal models showed localised gut irritation.

However, If you feel such irritation in the stomach, you should consult an Ayurvedic doctor and get treated immediately.

Based on some studies[10], consuming curry leaves might have a potential effect on the management of colon cancer with minimal toxicity.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Precautions To Take With Curry Leaves

In general, using curry leaves is safe. However, to avoid any problems, general precautions need to be taken.

You must follow general precautions and instructions given by your doctor while consuming curry leaves regularly, and you should never self-medicate even with natural fruits, vegetables and herbs.

Also Read: 8 Unknown Benefits of Mango Leaves

Interactions With Other Drugs

Therefore, it is essential to discuss your ongoing treatments with your doctors and follow their advice on the dosage and form of the herb. They will recommend the best way to have curry leaves based on your conditions.

Also Read: Betel Leaves: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How do curry leaves taste?

Curry leaves are bitter with a strong, pungent smell.

Can we use curry leaves for an upset stomach?

Finely ground leaves taken with buttermilk might be a good home remedy for upset stomach. However, people should not use curry leaves to self-medicate on their own. It is important to consult a doctor.

Can we use curry leaves for good oral health?

The calcium and zinc minerals and bioactive components like folic acid, beta carotene and riboflavin present in curry leaves might be good for oral health and used in mouthwash preparations. However, this information is not sufficient. More studies are required to support the benefits of curry leaves on oral health.

What vitamins are present in curry leaves?

Curry leaf extract contains vitamin A (β-carotene) and vitamin C, which may be beneficial for overall hair health.

Do curry leaves help with diarrhoea?

Curry leaves show anti-diarrhoeal activity due to their components, which may act against harmful intestinal bacteria. But, this information is insufficient, and we require more studies to support the true scope of curry leaves on human health.

References

  1. Bhusal D, Thakur DP. Curry leaf: a review. Rev Food Agric. 2021;2(1):36–8. doi:10.26480/rfna.01.2021.36.38. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355876813_CURRY_LEAF_A_REVIEW
  2. Xie JT, Chang WT, Wang CZ, Mehendale SR, Li J, Ambihaipahar R, Ambihaipahar U, Fong HH, Yuan CS. Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii Spreng.) reduces blood cholesterol and glucose levels in ob/ob mice. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(2):279–84. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X06003825. PMID: 16552838. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16552838/
  3. Darvekar VM, Patil VR, Choudhari AB. Anti-inflammatory activity of Murraya koenigii Spreng on experimental animals. J Nat Prod Plant Resour. 2011;1(3):65–9. Available from: https://www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com/abstract/antiinflammatory-activity-of-murraya-koenigii-spreng-onrnexperimental-animals-1258.html
  4. Xie JT, Chang WT, Wang CZ, Mehendale SR, Li J, Ambihaipahar R, Ambihaipahar U, Fong HH, Yuan CS. Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii Spreng.) reduces blood cholesterol and glucose levels in ob/ob mice. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(2):279–84. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X06003825. PMID: 16552838. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16552838/
  5. Birari R, Javia V, Bhutani KK. Antiobesity and lipid lowering effects of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng leaves extracts and mahanimbine on high fat diet induced obese rats. Fitoterapia. 2010 Dec;81(8):1129–33. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.07.013. Epub 2010 Jul 23. PMID: 20655993. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20655993/
  6. Indian Culture. Curry leaf: the versatile wonder plant [Internet]. New Delhi: Ministry of Culture, Government of India; [cited 2025 Apr 15]. Available from: https://indianculture.gov.in/food-and-culture/spices-herbs/curry-leaf-versatile-wonder-plant
  7. Gopal R, Ambiha R, Sivasubramanian N, Bhupendrabhai PV, Itishaben Girishbhai SI, Govindbhai SN, Narendrabhai SD, Jigneshkumar SN, Rameshbhai VA. Effect of curry leaves in lowering blood pressure among hypertensive Indian patients. Bioinformation. 2023 Oct 31;19(10):1020–4. doi: 10.6026/973206300191020. PMID: 37969660; PMCID: PMC10640786. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10640786/
  8. Xie JT, Chang WT, Wang CZ, Mehendale SR, Li J, Ambihaipahar R, Ambihaipahar U, Fong HH, Yuan CS. Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii Spreng.) reduces blood cholesterol and glucose levels in ob/ob mice. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(2):279–84. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X06003825. PMID: 16552838. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7225959_Curry_Leaf_Murraya_koenigii_Spreng_Reduces_Blood_Cholesterol_and_Glucose_Levels_in_obob_Mice
  9. Desai SN, Patel DK, Devkar RV, Patel PV, Ramachandran AV. Hepatoprotective potential of polyphenol rich extract of Murraya koenigii L.: An in vivo study. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Feb;50(2):310–4. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.023. PMID: 22119599. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691511005710
  10. Patterson J, Verghese M. Anticancer and toxic effects of curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) extracts. J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2015;10(2):49–59. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283778005_Anticancer_and_Toxic_Effects_of_Curry_Leaf_Murraya_koenigii_Extracts
  11. Varghese A, Babu HM, Kukkera PN. Comparative evaluation of efficacy of Murraya koenigii and chlorhexidine gluconate in the treatment of gingivitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2018 Sep-Oct;22(5):427-432. doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_112_18. PMID: 30210192; PMCID: PMC6128125. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6128125/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Blueberries: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!

Introduction

Blueberry, scientifically named Vaccinium, belongs to the family Ericaceae. Blueberries are considered a ‘superfruit’ due to the abundant polyphenolic compounds, which might show antioxidant capacity, and are sometimes exploited for their health-beneficial properties. The worldwide distributors of blueberries are the USA, Canada, China, and Chile1,3.

Blueberry has different common names based on their species, namely high bush, low bush, rabbiteye and European bilberry. The low bush blueberry species (Vaccinium angustifolum) is the most commonly consumed type2,3

Nutritional Value of Blueberries

Blueberry has great functional ingredients that benefit human health1.

Nutritional value of blueberries per 100 grams4:

Did you know that blueberries may have a positive impact on your vision? Studies7 suggest that the natural compounds called flavonoids found in blueberries can potentially improve the sensitivity of the cells in your eyes that capture light, known as retinal photoreceptors. While blueberries alone won’t guarantee perfect vision or ward off eye diseases, incorporating them into your diet as part of a healthy lifestyle may support your eye health.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S M.D (Ayu)

Properties of Blueberry

The beneficial properties of blueberries are:

Potential Uses of Blueberries

1. For Blood Sugar

Blueberries are rich in anthocyanin, which may have antioxidant activity. It might be beneficial in reducing oxidative stress and might play a crucial role in blood sugar management. An increase in blood sugar levels is characterised by a poor response to insulin stimulation. The anthocyanin-rich blueberry might decrease glucose intolerance.

A cross-sectional study involving women, conducted by Jennings et al. 20142, showed that higher consumption of blueberries results in improvements in insulin resistance. Thus, it may be beneficial for managing blood sugar levels in humans1.

However, this study is insufficient. Therefore, there is a need for more studies to develop the positive effects of blueberries on blood sugar management.

2. For Cancer

Blueberry might be helpful in reducing the spread and enhancing the death of cancer cells. It might also minimise the chances of cancer development and the risk of recurrence of cancer. But the actual mechanism is unknown. A laboratory study1 (Minker C  et al. 2015) showed that lowbush type blueberry is composed of proanthocyanidins (antioxidant), which may have the ability to kill cancer cells in human colon cancer cell lines; thus, it might be considered an anti-cancer agent for colon cancer.

According to an animal model study5 by Lin W et al., 2017, blueberry consumption might decrease tumour size and inhibit ovarian cancer cells by regulating levels of some enzymes.

This information is insufficient as these studies are done in laboratories and not on humans. Therefore, more studies on humans are required to back this claim. Consequently, we advise you to speak to your concerned doctors before having blueberries as a medicine.

3. For Weight Management

In an animal model study6 by Lee et al. 2014, intake of blueberry leaf extract showed a reduction of 20% in body weight. Hence, blueberry extract may be considered for weight management. The freeze-dried blueberry powder may be useful in managing overweight-related long-term issues. A human study2 conducted by Bertoia et al. 2015-16 revealed that blueberry intake resulted in less weight gain during ageing.

This information is insufficient. Further, more studies are needed to support the potential use of blueberries for human weight loss management. Therefore, it is essential to seek medical advice from a doctor before consuming blueberries to keep a check on your weight.

4. For Brain Health

Blueberry has antioxidant activity that may help reduce oxidative stress caused by free reactive oxygen species in the brain. The daily consumption of blueberry juice might be beneficial for degenerative diseases. It might result in proper blood flow to the brain in healthy older adults. It might also enhance memory and delay the degeneration of the brain cells1.

US cohort studies7 on humans conducted by Gao et al. 2012, showed a lower risk of Parkinson’s disease upon intake of blueberries. Cognitive (thinking, reasoning and remembering) performance in the other adults and the elderly was observed to have improved after intake of blueberry powder.

However, we require more studies to support the beneficial effect of blueberries on maintaining brain health. This information is insufficient and it is necessary to take a doctor’s advice before using blueberries.

5. For the Eyes

Blueberries may enhance vision. Therefore, the consumption of blueberries may have some effect in recovering visual sharpness. Anthocyanins in blueberry might contribute to eye health and reduce retinal (retina is a part of the eye) diseases. Blueberries might shield the retina from light-induced injury1.

This information is insufficient. Therefore, further research is needed to determine whether blueberries might benefit eye health.

Did you know that blueberries can be your ally in recovering from strenuous exercise? Studies8 suggest that blueberry supplements may help reduce muscle damage that occurs at a molecular level, leading to less soreness and improved muscle performance.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S M.D (Ayu)

6. For Heart Health

Blueberries may have shielding effects against coronary heart disease. It may also be used to manage hypertension (high blood pressure), thus it may be beneficial for providing defence against cardiovascular (related to the heart and blood vessels) diseases1,2.

This information is not sufficient. We require more studies on humans to back this claim. Always consult a qualified doctor before using blueberries to self-medicate.

7. Other Potential Uses of Blueberries

Although studies show the benefits of blueberries in different health conditions, this information is insufficient. Hence, there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of blueberries on human health. Furthermore, every person may respond differently to blueberries. Therefore, it is essential to consult a doctor before using blueberry preparations for any medical condition.

Boost your daily nutrient intake with the goodness of blueberries! A one-cup serving of blueberries provides significant amounts of essential vitamins. You’ll have consumed 24% of your daily vitamin C intake, 5% of your daily vitamin B6 requirement, and a whopping 36% of your daily vitamin K need8.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Blueberries

Blueberries can be used in the following ways:

People must consult a professional physician before taking any herbal supplements made from blueberries. We advise you not to change or discontinue your ongoing medications with any Ayurvedic or herbal preparations without talking to an Ayurvedic doctor. They will recommend the best form and dosage.

Side Effects of Blueberries

The side effects associated with blueberries are:

However, if you experience any side effects, seek immediate medical attention from your doctor who has prescribed it to you. They will be the best guide to provide you with proper treatment.

Also Read: Top Benefits of Taking Multivitamin Capsules

Precautions to Take With Blueberries

The following precautions should be taken while consuming blueberries:

Blueberries – A Natural Defence Against Bladder Infections!Did you know that blueberries, just like cranberries, may have protective properties against bladder infections? These incredible berries contain substances that can hinder bacteria from attaching to the walls of the bladder, potentially reducing the risk of infection8.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S M.S.

Interactions With Other Drugs

Also Read: Punarnava: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the role of blueberries in bone density?

Blueberries may be beneficial in increasing bone mineral density during bone metabolism, reducing the risk of bone loss. Blueberry contains an excess amount of anthocyanin and calcium, which may help strengthen the bones and reduce the chances of developing osteoporosis (a condition of weak bones)1. However, more studies are required to support the benefits of blueberries in maintaining bone density. Therefore, it is best to take the advice of a doctor.

What makes the berry appear blue?

One of the flavonoids, anthocyanidins, imparts a blue colour to the blueberry after complete ripening1.

Can blueberries be beneficial for heart diseases?

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of blueberries may be helpful for various heart diseases1. The heart diseases may be decreased due to the inhibition of soluble angiotensin (hormone) that increases blood pressure. The lipid-lowering effect of blueberries might also decrease in heart-related issues1. However, this information is insufficient and requires more studies to provide the scope of blueberries in heart-related problems.

Which vitamins are present in blueberries?

Blueberry contains vitamin C and vitamin B-6 (biotin)1.

What are the symptoms of allergic reactions to blueberries?

Allergic reactions to blueberries may show symptoms like shortness of breath and back itching after eating blueberries. Immediate medical attention is required if you experience such symptoms5

References

  1. Ma L, Sun Z, Zeng Y, Luo M, Yang J. Molecular Sciences Molecular Mechanism and Health Role of Functional Ingredients in Blueberry for Chronic Disease in Human Beings. [cited 2022 May 21]; Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6164568/pdf/ijms-19-02785.pdf 
  2. Kalt W, Cassidy A, Howard LR, Krikorian R, Stull AJ, Tremblay F, et al. Recent Research on the Health Benefits of Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins. [cited 2022 May 22]; Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7442370/pdf/nmz065.pdf 
  3. Blueberry: MedlinePlus Supplements [Internet]. [cited 2022 May 21]. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/1013.html 
  4. Dereci S, Orhan F, Koca T, Akcam M. Prevalence of blueberry allergy in a Turkish population. Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology [Internet]. 2015 Mar 1 [cited 2022 May 22];114(3):259–60. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2014.12.016 
  5. Lin W, Li Z. Blueberries inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 activity in human epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett. 2017 Jun;13(6):4897–4904. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6094. Epub 2017 Apr 25. PMID: 28599493; PMCID: PMC5453164.
    Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28599493/
  6. Lee IC, Kim DY, Choi BY. Antioxidative activity of blueberry leaf extract prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice. J Cancer Prev. 2014 Sep;19(3):209–15. doi: 10.15430/JCP.2014.19.3.209. PMID: 25337590; PMCID: PMC4189509. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4189509/
  7. Kalt W, Cassidy A, Howard LR, Krikorian R, Stull AJ, Tremblay F, Zamora-Ros R. Recent research on the health benefits of blueberries and their anthocyanins. Adv Nutr. 2020 Mar 1;11(2):224–236. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmz065. PMID: 31329250; PMCID: PMC7442370. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831322002538 sciencedirect.com+3
  8. Sucharita G, Revathi K, Venkatesh P, Kalarini DH, Prema R. A review on benefits of blue berries. Int J Res Eng Sci Manag. 2019 Oct;2(10):654–9. Available from: https://www.ijresm.com/Vol.2_2019/Vol2_Iss10_October19/IJRESM_V2_I10_180.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Tamarind (Imli): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Introduction

Tamarind, scientifically known as Tamarindus indica L., belongs to the family Leguminosae (Fabaceae). It is cultivated almost throughout India1. Tamarind is a multipurpose plant, as almost all parts of the tree are used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food and textile industries.

Nutritional Value of Tamarind

Tamarind has good nutritional value. As per the World Health Organization, tamarind fruit is rich in all essential amino acids (except tryptophan). The nutritional value of raw tamarind per 100 grams is as follows2:

Properties of Tamarind

Tamarind is a rich source of many phytochemicals and essential amino acids,  and hence, it may have many properties and potential uses, including tamarind benefits for health. The potential properties of tamarind are given below.

Potential Benefits of Tamarind for Overall Health

Tamarind (Imli) may be helpful for many health conditions because of its high nutritional value and potential properties. When exploring the tamarind’s benefits, it’s essential to understand its potential use for various health conditions and organ systems.

1. Potential benefits of tamarind for the heart

Tamarind might help with a heart disease called atherosclerosis, in which there is a deposition of fatty material on the inner walls of blood vessels2. The pulp of tamarind fruit is an excellent source of potassium, which might help in managing blood pressure. Tamarind is also rich in carotene, which might help in lowering bad cholesterol levels which are harmful to the heart2. 

Heart conditions are serious and should be diagnosed and treated by doctors; therefore, you should consult a doctor. Moreover, there is a need for more research to state the potential uses of tamarind for the heart as a fact.  

2. Potential benefits of tamarind for the immune system

Tamarind is a rich source of many nutrients, especially vitamin C, flavonoids, carotenes, and vitamin B complex, which are believed to contribute to numerous tamarind benefits. These compounds might possess potent antioxidant activity, potentially aiding the immune system6. However, more research will be required to prove the claimed effects of tamarind on the immune system.

3. Potential benefits of tamarind for iron deficiency anaemia

Tamarind fruit drink may be helpful for iron deïficiency anaemia as it contains vitamin C, which might help in increasing the bioavailability of iron in the body. Tamarind may also be prescribed as a blood tonic by Ayurvedic physicians sometimes. Blood tonics are supplements that may help improve the formation of blood cells. However, there is a need for more research regarding the potential use of tamarind for iron deficiency anaemia. Moreover, the condition is to be diagnosed and treated by a doctor, so please consult a doctor.

4. Potential benefits of tamarind for the stomach and the liver

Tamarind’s benefits for the liver are worth considering. Tamarind fruit may serve as a natural laxative, and its components have the potential to promote muscle relaxation, which can be beneficial for managing diarrhea2. Furthermore, tamarind seeds contain antioxidants that may help combat free radicals, potentially aiding in conditions such as stomach ulcers7

Additionally, studies8 suggest that tamarind leaves have anti-apoptotic and liver-protective potential, particularly in cases of acute alcohol-induced liver toxicity. However, it is essential to emphasize that more research is needed to confirm these claims. When dealing with stomach and liver issues, consulting a healthcare professional is crucial, and self-medication or altering ongoing treatments should be avoided. The tamarind’s benefits for the stomach are promising, but professional guidance is essential.

5. Potential benefits of tamarind for cancer

Tamarind is a rich source of many antioxidant compounds, contributing to the potential benefits of tamarind for health. Antioxidant activity is considered beneficial for many health conditions like cancer. The seed extract of tamarind might have potential antioxidant properties and might also exhibit anti-cancer properties7. However, much more extensive research is needed to prove the potential use of tamarind for cancer. 

6. Potential benefits of tamarind for diabetes

Tamarind seed extract may be used as nutritional support and may be combined with diabetes medicines by doctors to help with diabetes that potentially offers tamarind benefits. The seed extract might show a pancreatic protective effect with its potential anti-inflammatory properties, blood glucose regulation, and reversal of damage to pancreatic tissue2. However, more research is required to prove such claims. Moreover, diabetes should be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. 

7. Potential benefits of tamarind for skin

Tamarind use might have positive effects on skin infections, boils, and other skin disorders9, indicating the potential benefits of tamarind for skin health. A compound found in tamarind is used as a natural additive compound in sun creams as it shows potential properties of immunoprotection and protection from ultraviolet damage10, emphasizing tamarind’s benefits for skin. However, more research is required to prove the potential uses of tamarind for skin.

8. Potential benefits of tamarind in pregnancy

The benefits for females during pregnancy are notable. Tamarind serves as a valuable source of essential nutrients, including iron and folate, which play a crucial role in promoting a healthy pregnancy11. Additionally, tamarind benefits in pregnancy for females involve helping alleviate common discomforts like nausea and morning sickness, thanks to its soothing properties. However, it’s vital to exercise moderation in tamarind consumption during pregnancy and consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.

9. Potential benefits of tamarind for hair

The potential use of tamarind for hair is an emerging trend in natural hair care.  It is rich in vitamins and minerals that can naturally nourish and strengthen hair, promoting lustrous and healthy locks. Tamarind-based treatments and products are believed to improve hair quality, reduce dandruff, and support scalp health. Consider incorporating tamarind into your hair care routine for its potential benefits.

10. Potential benefits of tamarind for sexual health

Tamarind is a fruit known for its potential health benefits. While it’s not a direct aphrodisiac, its rich content of essential vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin C and antioxidants, may contribute to overall well-being. Some people believe that tamarind benefits sexually and can indirectly support sexual health by enhancing overall vitality. However, it’s essential to note that more scientific research is needed to establish a direct link between tamarind and sexual health benefits. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice on maintaining a healthy sex life.

Other potential benefits of tamarind

However, there is insufficient data regarding the potential use of tamarind for the above-mentioned diseases, and more research is required to claim such effects. 

I came across a study5 which showed the positive effect of tamarind on obesity. The extract from the fruit pulp of tamarind may have shown promising effects in reducing weight and lowering lipid levels in obese rats. This means that it might be a helpful option for managing obesity. Further research is needed to explore its potential benefits in humans.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

How to Use Tamarind (Imli)?

The most valuable part of the tamarind tree is the fruit, as it contains a sweetish, acidic pulp, which is used for souring tamarind chutney, curries, sauces,  and certain beverages. Although almost every part of the tamarind tree is used. Tamarind products, leaves, fruits, and seeds have been used in Indian Ayurvedic medicine and traditional African medicine.

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.  

According to what I have observed, excess fluoride, especially in drinking water, might be harmful to your health. However, extracts from tamarind leaves and fruit have shown promise in combating fluoride’s negative effects. They may act as antioxidants, reducing fluoride toxicity and protecting the liver and kidneys14.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Also Read: Mulberry (Shahtoot): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Side Effects of Tamarind

The side effects associated with tamarind use are given below.

Kindly do not use tamarind to self-medicate, replace, alter, or discontinue any ongoing treatment on your own. Consult a doctor if you are facing any health-related problems.

In a study16 I stumbled upon, it was found that taking tamarind extract by mouth might be effective in reducing swelling. It may also help protect bones and cartilage by reducing the levels of enzymes that might break down cartilage, such as metalloproteinases. This suggests that tamarind extract may have the potential to ease inflammation and minimise damage to bones and cartilage.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Precautions to Take with Tamarind

There is no sufficient data on the safe usage of tamarind during pregnancy and lactation. Avoid taking tamarind or consult your doctor before taking tamarind during these times and also before giving it to elderly individuals and children.

Please do not self-medicate, replace, alter or discontinue an ongoing treatment.

Also Read: Sesame Seeds: Benefits, Uses, Side Effects and More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

Owing to the presence of many therapeutically active compounds, tamarind can with other drugs.

Therefore, you should consult a doctor and ensure that it is safe for you to take tamarind before eating it.

Also Read: Carrot Beetroot Juice: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How to use tamarind?

Almost all parts of the tamarind tree are used, including its pulp, fruit, seed, leaf, flower, bark, etc.

Is tamarind good for weight loss?

Tamarind can be beneficial for weight loss due to its high fiber content, which helps control appetite and promote a feeling of fullness. Additionally, it may aid in fat metabolism and support overall weight management when incorporated into a balanced diet.

Is tamarind good for a kidney patient?

Tamarind is generally not recommended for kidney patients as it contains a significant amount of potassium, which can be harmful for those with kidney issues. High potassium levels may further strain kidney function, so it’s advisable for kidney patients to limit their consumption of tamarind and consult with a healthcare professional for personalized dietary guidance.

Is tamarind acidic or basic?

Tamarind is acidic in nature. It contains tartaric acid, which gives it a sour taste and makes it acidic on the pH scale.

Can tamarind cause acidity?

Tamarind can potentially cause acidity in some individuals, as it is naturally acidic and may trigger acid reflux or heartburn in sensitive people. It’s advisable to consume tamarind in moderation if you are prone to acidity or digestive discomfort.

Can tamarind cause coughing?

Tamarind is not typically associated with causing cough. However, in rare cases, an individual with a tamarind allergy might experience throat irritation or cough as part of their allergic reaction. If you suspect an allergy, consult a healthcare professional.

Can tamarind stop a period?

Tamarind is not scientifically proven to stop periods. While some traditional remedies suggest its use for menstrual irregularities, there is no concrete evidence to support this claim. It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for any concerns related to menstrual health.

Can tamarind cause miscarriage?

There is no scientific evidence to suggest that consuming tamarind can cause a miscarriage. However, it’s essential for pregnant individuals to moderate their tamarind consumption and consult with a healthcare professional for dietary guidance during pregnancy.

Can tamarind be stored in the fridge?

Yes, tamarind can be stored in the fridge to extend its shelf life. Place it in an airtight container or wrap it in plastic wrap to prevent moisture and odor absorption. This will help maintain its freshness for an extended period.

Can tamarind cause constipation?

Tamarind is more likely to relieve constipation due to its high dietary fiber content. It can help promote regular bowel movements and alleviate constipation when consumed in moderation.

Can tamarind cause gas?

Tamarind may cause gas or bloating in some individuals, as it contains certain natural sugars and fiber that can ferment in the digestive tract, leading to gas production. If you are sensitive to these effects, it’s best to consume tamarind in moderation.

Is tamarind good for the liver?

Tamarind may be beneficial for the liver due to its potential antioxidant and liver-protective properties, but more research is needed to establish its effectiveness. Consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice on liver health.

Can tamarind seeds be eaten?

Tamarind seeds are edible but usually not consumed due to their hard texture and bitter taste. They are often discarded when eating tamarind fruit or used in alternative applications like as a thickening agent or for their potential health benefits.

Is tamarind gluten-free?

Tamarind is naturally gluten-free, making it a safe choice for individuals with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease. However, it’s essential to check for potential cross-contamination when using processed tamarind products, as additives or manufacturing processes could introduce gluten.

References

  1. Agyare C, Obiri DD, Boakye YD, Osafo N. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of African medicinal plants. Elsevier eBooks. 2013 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/tamarindus-indica
  2. Kuru P. Tamarindus indica and its health related effects. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2014 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169115300885?via%3Dihub 
  3. Ghosh A, Das S, Dey M. Determination of anthelmintic activity of the leaf and bark extract of Tamarindus indica Linn. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2011 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3224400/ 
  4. Jain A, Bhadoriya S, Ganeshpurkar A, Narwaria J, Rai G. Tamarindus indica: Extent of explored potential. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2011 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3210002/ 
  5. Jindal V, Dhingra D, Sharma S, Parle M, Harna RK. Hypolipidemic and weight reducing activity of the ethanolic extract of Tamarindus indica fruit pulp in cafeteria diet- and sulpiride-induced obese rats. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics. 2011 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3127355/ 
  6. Arshad MS, Imran M, Ahmed A, Sohaib M, Ullah A, Nisa MU, et al. RETRACTED: Tamarind: A diet‐based strategy against lifestyle maladies. Food Science & Nutrition. 2019 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6848808/ 
  7. Elavarasi R, Monika C, Nivethitha M, Showfika Banu SJ, Anjali M. Optimization of tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica) oil extraction and evaluation of its functional properties in mayonnaise formulation. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR). 2025 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2504532.pdf 
  8. Ghoneim AI, Eldahshan OA. Anti-apoptotic effects of tamarind leaves against ethanol-induced rat liver injury†. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2011 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22309275/ 
  9. Leakey RRB. Potential for novel food products from agroforestry trees. Elsevier eBooks. 2017 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/tamarind 
  10. Mukherjee D, Deb J, Deb NK, Saha S, Chakraborty S. Ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review on Tamarindus indica L. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2024 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2024/vol13issue1/PartB/12-6-90-660.pdf 
  11. Hamacek FR, Santos PRG, De Morais Cardoso L, Pinheiro-Sant’Ana HM. Nutritional composition of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) from the Cerrado of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fruits. 2013 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1051/fruits/2013083 
  12. Guo MM, Xue WT, Liao LY, Ling X, Yu D, Lan XL, et al. Anti-allergic activity of natural plant products for the treatment of sensitive skin: A review. Pharmacological Research – Modern Chinese Medicine. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266714252200077X 
  13. Raja MM, Poonguzhali S, Rao BV, Choudhury A, Devarajan A. A scientific evidence-based review of tamarind usage in Indian folklore medicine. Journal of Natural Remedies. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364261720_A_Scientific_Evidence-based_Review_of_Tamarind_usage_in_Indian_Folklore_Medicine 
  14. Vasant RA, Narasimhacharya AVRL. Ameliorative effect of tamarind leaf on fluoride-induced metabolic alterations. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. 2012 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3493631/ 
  15. Kijsamanmith K, Surarit R, Vongsavan N. Effect of tropical fruit juices on dentine permeability and erosive ability in removing the smear layer: An in vitro study. Journal of Dental Sciences. 2016 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1991790216000209 
  16. Sundaram MS, Hemshekhar M, Santhosh MS, Paul M, Sunitha K, Thushara RM, et al. Tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica) extract ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis via regulating the mediators of cartilage/bone degeneration, inflammation and oxidative stress. Scientific Reports. 2015 [cited 2025 Apr 17]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4461917/ 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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Natural Home Remedies for Fatty Liver

Introduction

The liver is the largest organ of the human body. It helps process food and removes toxins from the body. Fatty liver disease is the buildup of excessive fats in the liver cells. Some amount of fat is normal for the liver, but if the fat content is more than 10% of the liver’s weight, you might be suffering from a fatty liver. A fatty liver might not present with any symptoms but can lead to complications like liver damage[1]. However, you can reverse or prevent fatty liver with some lifestyle changes. You can also use some natural home remedies to manage fatty liver.

Did you know?

What Causes Fatty Liver?

When the liver cannot process and break down the fats in the body, the fat gets accumulated to cause fatty liver. Overusage of alcohol, malnutrition, and rapid weight loss can also cause fatty liver. The following can make you more prone to fatty liver disease: 

However, people who do not have the conditions mentioned above can also develop a fatty liver. A fatty liver can be of two types, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic fatty liver disease.  

Symptoms of Fatty Liver

Fatty liver might not present any symptoms. You may only find out about a fatty liver when you get tests done for other conditions. Fatty liver disease can affect your liver for years without causing any signs or symptoms. However, you might experience these symptoms as the disease gets worse.  

Suggested Home Remedies for Fatty Liver

The suggested home remedies may help you control the factors that might be contributing to your fatty liver.  

1. Aloe Vera Gel

aloe vera gel

Intake of aloe vera gel helps purify the blood and promote liver function. You need to take fresh aloe vera gel to take care of your fatty liver[3]. However, before using any herbal remedy, it is important to consult or notify your healthcare provider. You can also drink aloe vera juice to help with fatty liver.    

2. Hellebore or Kutki

kutki

You can take kutki root powder with warm water to manage the changes in the liver due to fatty liver disease[4]. It is important consult your doctor before using herbal remedies, as certain herbs can damage your liver.

3. Weight Loss

weight loss

Many doctors recommend losing weight to manage the fatty liver disease[5]. Losing weight may help you reduce the fat content in the liver, swelling and fibrosis (tissue damage). It is important to lose weight safely; you should lose no more than half to one kilogram of weight in a week. You can start with regular exercise, which mayhelp you lose weight and reduce fat.

4. Avoid Alcohol

avoid alcohol

To manage the alcoholic fatty liver disease, you should try quitting alcohol. Alcoholic fatty liver disease is caused due to over-usage of alcohol. Reducing the use of alcohol might help you manage and reverse fatty liver[6]. If you face difficulty quitting alcohol, you might get help from a therapist or take part in an alcohol recovery program.

5. Reduce Fat in Diet

omega-3

Fats are high in calories. Consuming more fats can increase your chances of developing obesity. Obesity is one of the risk factors for fatty liver[7]. It is advised to avoid saturated fats and trans fats and add unsaturated fats to your diet, such as omega 3 fatty acids, to get rid of fatty liver disease. Fish is one of the chief sources of omega 3 fatty acids. You can try fish like herring, salmon and mackerel to get sufficient omega 3 fatty acids. Seeds like flaxseeds and chia seeds also contain plenty of omega 3.

6. Dietary Changes

fruits

Fruits and vegetables are foods with a low glycemic index. Foods with a low glycemic index are less likely to cause a spike in your blood sugar levels. Eating fruits and vegetables will keep your blood sugar under control and help you manage the fatty liver disease.

You need to avoid consuming sugar in high amounts. Managing blood sugar levels may help to deal with fatty liver disease. Avoid foods with a high glycemic index, for example, white rice, white bread, and potatoes. Consumption of foods and drinks that contain high amounts of sugar, especially fructose, should be avoided. Fructose is a simple sugar used to sweeten soft drinks, sports drinks, and sweetened juices and drinks. You also need to consume less sugar at home. The table sugar, scientifically called sucrose, is rapidly converted to fructose and glucose during digestion.

Involving fibre in your diet has numerous health benefits, like keeping the cholesterol under control, keeping the body weight under control, and stabilising the blood glucose levels. Some important sources of dietary fibre include nuts, seeds, wholegrain foods, oats, barley, lentils, peas, and soy. Keeping the body weight under control may help you manage the fatty liver disease and reduce other complications.   

Remain vigilant about monitoring your liver enzyme levels in regular blood test reports. Abnormal levels of liver enzymes can serve as indicators of liver conditions such as fatty liver disease. If you notice any irregularities, consult a doctor, who may also recommend additional imaging tests such as liver ultrasonography or liver fibroscan, if necessary. Early detection can help reverse the condition, if not addressed timely the changes may become irreversible leading to serious complications

Dr. Arpit Verma, MBBS, MD (Pharmacology)

Also Read: Signs You May Have Liver Stress

When to Seek Medical Help?

In most cases of fatty liver, there are no symptoms involved; because of this, it becomes difficult to diagnose this disease. You might not experience any symptoms unless the disease has progressed to liver cirrhosis (a late-stage liver disease in which healthy liver tissue gets replaced with scar tissue). If you notice:  

You should immediately contact your health care provider.

Also Read: Simple Home Remedies for Frequent Urination

Conclusion

Fatty liver is the condition in which fat builds up in the liver cells. You might not notice any symptoms associated with fatty liver unless the disease has progressed to a severe condition called cirrhosis. One good news is that you can manage fatty liver by taking caution and losing weight. You can also make use of home remedies like aloe vera or kutki to manage fatty liver disease. Exercising and following a proper diet are some other ways to manage fatty liver.  

Fatty liver is difficult to diagnose, but if you notice symptoms like nausea, abdominal pain, swollen legs and abdomen and mental confusion accompanied by weakness, you should contact your doctor immediately.    

Also Read: What is Hepatitis A? Causes, Symptoms, and How It Spreads 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is it possible to reverse fatty liver disease?  

The liver can repair itself. Therefore, if you can avoid the factors causing your fatty liver, you can reverse fatty liver disease. For this, it is important that you consult your doctor and get proper guidance.  

How to prevent fatty liver disease?    

Maintaining your overall health is the best way to prevent fatty liver disease. Do things that keep you healthy, such as maintaining a healthy body weight, exercising regularly, and limiting alcohol consumption.

What are the complications of fatty liver?  

People with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can develop complications like liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Liver cirrhosis can lead to liver failure, which requires a liver transplant. Those suffering from alcoholic fatty liver disease can develop complications like alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis.

What are some herbal treatments for fatty liver?  

Herbal remedies to manage fatty liver include aloe vera gel and kutki root. Intake of aloe vera gel enhances liver functions, whereas kutki root powder with warm water can help manage fatty liver. Herbal remedies can also cause damage to the liver.3 Therefore, it is important that you consult your healthcare provider before using these herbal remedies. Your doctor can guide you about the possible treatments for fatty liver. 

Does being fat increase the chances of fatty liver disease?    

Being overweight is one of the factors that puts you at high risk of developing fatty liver disease. You need to maintain a healthy body weight to stay healthy.

What is liver cirrhosis?  

Liver cirrhosis is the result of severe damage to the liver. Fatty liver disease, if left untreated, can progress to liver cirrhosis. The healthy tissues of the liver are replaced by hard scar tissues. Liver cirrhosis can slow down or completely block liver functions. It can progress to liver cancer or liver failure.

References

  1. Better Health Channel. Liver – fatty liver disease [Internet]. Melbourne: Victorian State Government; [cited 2025 Apr 16]. Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/liver-fatty-liver-disease
  2. Idalsoaga F, Kulkarni AV, Mousa OY, Arrese M, Arab JP. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Alcohol-Related Liver Disease: Two Intertwined Entities. Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 Aug 20;7:448. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00448. PMID: 32974366; PMCID: PMC7468507. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7468507/
  3. Hoogenboom TCH, Patel N, Cook NA, Williams R, Taylor-Robinson SD, Lim AKP. The effect of Aloe vera juice on liver enzymes and hepatic structure in a healthy population. Integr Med (Encinitas). 2020 Jun;19(3):30–4. PMID: 33132775; PMCID: PMC7572145. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7572145/
  4. Raut A, Dhami-Shah H, Phadke A, Shindikar A, Udipi S, Joshi J, Vaidya R, Vaidya ADB. Picrorhiza kurroa, Royle ex Benth: Traditional uses, phytopharmacology, and translational potential in therapy of fatty liver disease. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2023 Jan-Feb;14(1):100558. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100558. Epub 2022 Jun 2. PMID: 35659739; PMCID: PMC10105242. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10105242/
  5. Brunner KT, Henneberg CJ, Wilechansky RM, Long MT. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity treatment. Curr Obes Rep. 2019 Sep;8(3):220–8. doi: 10.1007/s13679-019-00345-1. PMID: 30945129; PMCID: PMC6770992. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770992/
  6. NHS. Treatment – Alcohol-related liver disease [Internet]. London: National Health Service (UK); [cited 2025 Apr 16]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alcohol-related-liver-disease-arld/treatment/#:~:text=If%20you%20have%20fatty%20liver,check%20with%20your%20doctor%20first
  7. Fabbrini E, Sullivan S, Klein S. Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: biochemical, metabolic, and clinical implications. Hepatology. 2010 Feb;51(2):679–89. doi: 10.1002/hep.23280. PMID: 20041406; PMCID: PMC3575093. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3575093/

 Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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