PharmEasy Blog

Gripe Water for Babies: Benefits, Usage & Alternatives 

Introduction

As new parents or caregivers, taking care of a baby can be tough. Colic, gas, and teething pains are a few common health problems that you are quite likely to come across with your little one. With limitations in the use of medication for babies, there is commonly a reliability on home remedies to deal with these issues. In this article, we will discuss about gripe water, one such traditionally favourite remedy used in babies. We will delve into the potential benefits and any possible risks. We’ll explore the various gripe water options also give you tips for choosing the right product. Lastly, we will answer some frequently asked questions regarding this topic.   

Did you know? 

Understanding Gripe Water

Gripe water is an easy-to-buy herbal remedy. It was created to ease colic, gas, and teething pain in babies. It first appeared in England in the 1840s. Today, it is used around the globe. The alcohol content of gripe water was said to have a soothing effect, however present-day versions don’t contain alcohol1. They mix herbs, water, and some sweet ingredients so babies will like it.  

Common Ingredients in Gripe Water

Every brand has its own mix, but most of them contain the following common elements.   

Herbs and Natural Components 

Preservatives and Sweeteners  

Potential Benefits of Gripe Water for Babies

We know gripe water might not always work. But users claim some possible benefits for babies which are described below.   

1. Soothing Baby Colic

Colic is prolonged frequent crying in a healthy baby. It sets in when they are 2-3 weeks old and fades by 3-4 months. The real cause of colic is not known. But it may arise from gas or belly pain.  Gripe water might be helpful, due to its proposed calming effect on the baby’s digestion3.  

2. Relief from Gas and Bloating

Gas and bloating can upset babies. They might cry due to the discomfort. Ginger root extract and fennel seed extract in gripe water may aid digestion. This may help lower gas troubles and ease the baby’s discomfort4.  

Recently I came across a study that concluded Oma theeneer, a medicinal herb works just as effectively as commercial Gripe water in relieving stomach issues in infants. Though more research studies on Oma theeneer are recommended to better understand how it can be used by the public in the future, this natural remedy may help gas relieve in infants without any side effects11

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

3. Easing Teething Discomfort 

Teething can be hard for babies. It can cause pain and result in much crying and crankiness. With their proposed calming effects, herbs like chamomile and lemon balm in gripe water might help2.   

4. Settling Hiccups and Irritability 

burping a baby
Image Source: freepik.com

Hiccups distress babies by messing up eating and sleep habits. Gripe water might quieten hiccups. Also, it may help ease digestion and thus reduce irritability.  

Large-scale research is still needed to confirm the benefits of gripe water. 

Please note: WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for babies under 6 months of age1. Thus, gripe water should not be given without discussing with a paediatrician.  

Here’s an interesting fact: William Woodward, the founding father of gripe water, registered it as a trademark way back in 1876. The formula was inspired from a medicine that was used to treat malaria fever in babies and alongside showed improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms in them12

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Safety and Usage Concerns

Like any herbal remedy, gripe water has certain safety and usage points to consider. These should not be ignored and are described below.   

Is Gripe Water Safe for Babies? 

Gripe water is generally not to be used for babies. But if used, it’s vital to go for a mix with no alcohol, sugar, or baking soda. American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rules don’t cover gripe water as medication. So, do read the contents listed on the pack and discuss with a paediatrician before using it1.

Age Restrictions and Recommendations

Most brands suggest gripe water may be given to babies as young as 2 weeks old. But doctors often advise waiting until they are at least 1 month old. This gives time for the baby’s immune and digestive system to mature2. Do follow this advice.  

Regulations and Oversight

As noted earlier, gripe water is a dietary supplement and may not have a standardized formulation. So, there can be slight differences in the safety and quality of different gripe water products. Always choose a trustworthy brand. Look out for any recalls or safety concerns before using gripe water for your baby2. Always use it only after consulting your baby’s pediatrician.  

How to Properly Use Gripe Water?

Follow the dosage tips given by the maker or your healthcare provider. The usual dosage depends on the baby’s age:  

Gripe water can be fed directly to the baby with a medicine dropper or syringe5. Make sure gripe water is given after meals to help avoid gas pain.  

Remember doctors don’t recommend giving gripe water to babies because of adulteration. Some cases of liver failure and kidney injury had been reported in past after using gripe water.    

Potential Side Effects and Risks

Gripe water is safe for babies, but read contents written on box before giving gripe water to your baby. But, it may have some side effects and risks which are described below.   

1. Allergic Reactions and Sensitivities

Some babies might be allergic to or not tolerate the herbs in gripe water well. Watch for signs of an allergy after giving gripe water2. Hives, throwing up, itching, or trouble breathing are some. If you think your baby is reacting badly, stop using it at once. Seek medical help right away.  

2. Interaction with Medications and Medical Conditions

It’s key to discuss with your healthcare provider before using gripe water for your baby. This is more so if the baby is sick or on other medicines. This can confirm that the gripe water does not affect any medicines badly2. You also want to be sure it does not make other health conditions worse.  

3. Unexpected Negative Outcomes 

If not stored right or if it’s past the expiry date, gripe water can house bacteria or fungi. This raises the risk of infection for your baby. Make sure to replace gripe water by or before the expiry date. Store it in a cool place.  

4. Liver and kidney failure.

Gripe water contents are metabolized in liver and kidney, so any adulteration in gripe water can lead to lifelong liver and kidney failure2.

Alternatives to Gripe Water

If you are worried about gripe water’s safety or how effective it is, you may consider other methods described below.   

1. Gas Drops 

You may buy gas drops with simethicone over the counter. They help break up gas bubbles in your baby’s stomach. They may give relief from gas and bloating6,7.

2. Change in Feeding Techniques and Habits 

Image Source: freepik.com

Simple changes to your baby’s feeding habits may often help ease gas and colic signs. Think about using a slow-flow bottle. Hold your baby upright while feeding. Give smaller and more frequent meals. Burp your baby many times while feeding. Breast milk leads to less gas and colic issues7

3. Infant Massage and Tummy Time 

Gentle massages and short tummy times may help soothe gas and bring comfort. Make sure you are watching over your baby during tummy time. Do it only when your baby is awake and watched over. Stop once your baby shows signs of tiring or feeling upset7,8.

4. Over-the-counter Medications 

Image Source: freepik.com

In some cases, a healthcare provider may suggest some over-the-counter medicines to ease gas, bloating, or colic. It’s key to check with your baby’s health expert before starting new medicines. You want to ensure they are safe and suitable9.

Choosing the Right Gripe Water Product

Make sure to read the ingredients list. Avoid those with alcohol, sugar, or baking soda. Go for ones with natural or food-grade preservatives to keep them fresh. Look for those herbs proposed to have calming effects, like fennel, ginger, chamomile, and lemon balm.  

Go for a product from a reputable maker who sticks to strict quality and safety rules. Check for any recalls or safety concerns linked to the product. Do some research on customer views or endorsements10.

When to Consult a Doctor?

If your baby shows major symptoms or strange behaviors, it’s important to seek urgent medical help. These might be breathing troubles, throwing up, fever, or no response to gripe water or other remedies7.  

Also, if your baby continues to have colic, gas, etc. despite using gripe water or other remedies, it’s time to consult a healthcare provider. They can then evaluate further and provide guidance.

Also Read: How to Get Rid of Baby Hiccups  

Conclusion

As parents and caregivers, it is your duty to know about remedies for common baby issues like colic, gas, and teething pangs. Gripe water is a ready-to-buy herbal remedy often liked by users. It may give certain potential benefits but do remember it’s not free from safety issues and likely side effects. Please always check with your baby’s pediatrician before using any remedy.  

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can gripe water be used for newborns?  

Most gripe water products recommend usage for babies as young as two weeks old. However, paediatricians generally do not advise its use or suggest waiting until the baby is at least one month old to ensure that their immune system and digestive tract are more developed.  

How long does it take for gripe water to work?  

The time it takes for gripe water to work can vary by individual and may depend on factors such as the specific formulation being used and the severity of the baby’s symptoms. Some parents may notice immediate results, while others may not see improvements for several hours or even days.  

Is gripe water safe for long-term use?  

Gripe water is not intended for long-term use and is typically reserved for addressing occasional symptoms like colic, gas, or teething discomfort. Always consult your healthcare professional before using gripe water for an extended period.  

Are there any home remedies for colic and gas in babies?  

Home remedies may help alleviate colic and gas symptoms in babies, including gentle massages, placing your baby on their tummy for short periods, adjusting feeding techniques, and incorporating calming background noises or soothing activities. Be sure to consult your healthcare provider for guidance on appropriate home remedies for your baby.  

Can gripe water be mixed with milk or formula?  

While it is generally safe to mix gripe water with milk or formula, it is recommended to give gripe water directly to your infant for maximum effectiveness. Use a medicine dropper or syringe to administer the gripe water to your baby, allowing them to swallow it a little at a time. Always consult your doctor before doing anything in this regard.  

References

  1. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Is gripe water baby-friendly? [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jan 25]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3356971 
  1. Oregon WIC Training Infant Feeding and Nutrition Module Staff Training [Internet]. [cited 2025 Nov 20]. Available from: https://www.oregon.gov/oha/PH/HEALTHYPEOPLEFAMILIES/WIC/Documents/modules/infant-feeding-and-nutrition-staff.pdf 
  1. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Colic in infants [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jan 25]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2907620 
  1. Evans C, Lorentz WP. Efficacy and Safety of a Colic Relief Remedy in Infantile Colic. Global Pediatric Health. 2022 Jan;9:2333794X2211008. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9350493/ 
  1. Little Remedies Infant Essentials Kit [Internet]. Nih.gov. 2019 [cited 2025 Nov 20]. Available from: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=be96e634-0dae-4c0b-87b2-a000da2543d3&type=display 
  1. Infants’ Gas Relief Drops Simethicone/Antigas 1 FL.OZ. (30 mL) [Internet]. dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Available from: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=966f0506-c2d2-4d3c-bd2d-c5a6b1e0a157 
  1. Colic and crying – self-care: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. medlineplus.gov. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000753.htm 
  1. Xie Z, Hong H. Clinical efficacy of magnetotherapy combined with pediatric massage on infantile colic. American Journal of Translational Research [Internet]. 2022 Oct 15 [cited 2025 May 29];14(10):7233. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9641484/ 
  1. Simethicone: MedlinePlus Drug Information [Internet]. Medlineplus.gov. 2019. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682683.html 
  1. Health C for D and R. Quality System Regulation Labeling Requirements [Internet]. FDA. 2019. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-labeling/quality-system-regulation-labeling-requirements 
  2. Elakkiyaa V, Arulmozhi T, Visweswaran S, Sivakkumar S, Mariappan A, Banumathi V. Comparative study on efficacy of in-vitro carminative activity of Siddha medicine Oma Theener along with marketed gripe water. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2019;8(1):958-964. Available from: https://wjpr.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/article_issue/1546256651.pdf
  3. Rees KR, Wallace M, Marvin SZ, et al. Molecular epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 among intravenous-drug users in Belfast. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2000;181(4):1088-1095. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1297971/pdf/10844880.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof. 

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes. 

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Low Platelet Count – Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Introduction

Blood cells known as platelets help stop bleeding by the formation of blood clots. In adults, an ordinary platelet count or level is between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. However, sometimes these levels might differ and get reduced due to certain conditions.

Insufficient platelet count known as thrombocytopenia, causes easy bruising and bleeding tendencies. It lead to lack of blood clot formation making it difficult for the bleeding to stop after an injury1. In this blog, we will discuss about low platelet counts in detail- their causes, presentation and management.

Signs and Symptoms of Low Platelet Count

One of the initial signs, when they do occur, is a cut that will not stop bleeding. Additional signs include2,3:

Symptoms of low platelet count2:

Some patients with moderately low platelet count do not exhibit any symptoms. They may also report nonspecific symptoms like easy bruising, skin rashes and bleeding from gums and other areas of mouth1,2.

Causes of Low Platelet Count

There are three primary causes of reduced platelets:

Insufficient platelets are produced in the bone marrow

If you suffer from either of the following kinds of disorders, your bone marrow might not produce enough platelets.

1. Aplastic anaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome

In aplastic anaemia, the bone marrow fails to produce enough blood cells. This might be due to1:

In the case of myelodysplastic syndrome, the bone marrow either produces insufficient or faulty blood cells. This might be due to1:

2. Increased platelet deterioration in the blood

3. Increased platelet deterioration in the liver or spleen

4. Infections

Risk Factors for Low Platelet Count

The factors that contribute to a low platelet count are crucial for identifying individuals who may be at risk4:

Diagnosis of Low Platelet Count

Diagnostic methods for low platelet count:

Physical examination

Blood tests

Treatment of Low Platelet Count

Healthcare providers can often improve platelet counts by addressing the underlying cause, which may involve changes in medication. Additional treatment options may include:

Diet and medicine

Medical procedures

Also Read: How To Increase Platelet Count Naturally

Prevention of Low Platelet Count

It is important for your doctor to know if you have any medical conditions or take medications that increase your risk of developing thrombocytopenia. If you are not sure, consult your doctor to find out if there are any prescription drugs or activities you should avoid.

Complications of Low Platelet Count

Severe low platelet count can make patients more prone to1,8:

When to See a Doctor?

Thrombocytopenia symptoms can develop suddenly or over the years. It might also cause bleeding in more than one part of your body. Seek immediate medical help if1:

Conclusion

Low platelet count, or thrombocytopenia, can arise from various causes ranging from infections and medications to chronic health conditions. Therefore, recognising symptoms such as easy bruising, prolonged bleeding, or unexplained fatigue is crucial for timely diagnosis.

With proper medical evaluation and treatment, whether through lifestyle changes, medications, or targeted therapies, most cases can be effectively managed. Keep in mind that early detection and appropriate care play a key role in preventing complications and ensuring better health outcomes.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Which tests indicate low platelet count?

Complete Blood Count test, blood clotting time test, and peripheral blood cells test1.

What is the promising treatment for low platelet count?

Based on the root cause of low platelet count, doctors help improve the count of platelets1.

What is another name for low platelet count?

Low platelet count is also called thrombocytopenia2

What is the normal count for platelets?

In a healthy, normal person, the platelet count is between 150 and 450 thousand per microliter of blood1.

What are the levels of thrombocytopenia?

Mild, moderate, and severe are the three levels of thrombocytopenia1.

References

1. Jinna S, Khandhar PB. Thrombocytopenia. [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; [cited 2025 Sep 16]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542208/

2. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Platelet Disorders – Thrombocytopenia [Internet]. NHLBI, NIH; [cited 2025 Sep 16]. Available from: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/thrombocytopenia

3. Wilson ID. Hematemesis, Melena, and Hematochezia. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, editors. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Chapter 85. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK411/

4. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Platelet Disorders – Causes and Risk Factors [Internet]. NHLBI, NIH; [cited 2025 Sep 16]. Available from: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/platelet-disorders/causes

5. Mangla A, Hamad H. Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; [cited 2025 Sep 16]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547705/

6. Hernáez Á, Lassale C, Castro-Barquero S, Ros E, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Castañer O, et al. Mediterranean Diet Maintained Platelet Count within a Healthy Range and Decreased Thrombocytopenia-Related Mortality Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2021 Feb 8;13(2):559. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33567733/

7. Izak M, Bussel JB. Management of thrombocytopenia. F1000Prime Rep. 2014 Jun 2;6:45. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4047949/

8. Ashworth I, Thielemans L, Chevassut T. Thrombocytopenia: the good, the bad and the ugly. Clin Med (Lond). 2022 May;22(3):214-217. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9135082/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation of the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Hepatomegaly (Enlarged Liver): Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Introduction

Hepatomegaly, also known as an enlarged liver, occurs when the liver swells beyond its normal size, indicating some health issues. It is not a disease in itself but it is often considered a symptom of underlying liver disease. The liver performs essential functions in the body, including filtering toxins from the blood and regulating cholesterol. An enlarged liver can indicate a potential problem with these functions, and prompt investigation is necessary to identify and address the underlying cause1,2.

Let’s take a closer look at what is hepatomegaly, its causes, diagnosis and treatment.

Signs and Symptoms of Hepatomegaly

Hepatomegaly may not cause noticeable symptoms on its own. However, it may be accompanied by signs and symptoms like:

If you experience any of these symptoms, consult with your healthcare provider promptly for a timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment1,3.

Did you know?

Causes of Hepatomegaly

The causes of liver enlargement refer to the various medical conditions that lead to an increase in liver size. Several conditions can cause the liver to enlarge. The possible causes include:

Fatty liver which a very common cause of hepatomegaly is on the rise primarily because of an increase in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and consumption of alcohol. Appropriate lifestyle changes and early diagnosis helps to beat it.

Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS MD

Risk Factors for Hepatomegaly

The causes of hepatomegaly may vary and are not the same as risk factors. Risk factors increase the likelihood of developing liver problems but do not necessarily cause liver enlargement. Hepatomegaly, or an enlarged liver, can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

Diagnosis of Hepatomegaly

To diagnose an enlarged liver, your doctor may perform the following procedures4:

1. Physical Exam

2. Blood Tests

3. Imaging Tests (CT scan, Ultrasound, MRI)

4. Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE)

5. Liver Biopsy

Treatment of Hepatomegaly

The treatment for hepatomegaly depends on the underlying cause of the disease. Here are some key points regarding the treatment of hepatomegaly:

Treatment of Acute Hepatomegaly

Treatment of Chronic Hepatomegaly

Your healthcare provider will advise on the best course of treatment for your specific situation1,4.

Prevention of Hepatomegaly

To prevent the risk of developing hepatomegaly, here are some do’s and don’ts to follow:

Do’s:

Don’ts:

Also Read: Hepatitis B: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Complications of Hepatomegaly

Hepatomegaly, or an enlarged liver, can lead to several complications, especially if left untreated. Some of the common complications of hepatomegaly are:

Hepatomegaly with or without elevated liver function tests may be secondary to multiple causes, which include drug side effects, active lupus infection, fatty infiltration, hepatic vein or artery thrombosis, and congestion secondary to right heart failure.

Dr. Ashish Bajaj, M.B.B.S. M.D. in Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology

When to See a Doctor?

If you suspect any swelling or tenderness in the liver area or have unusual symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention. Don’t hesitate to contact your healthcare provider if you notice persistent fever, confusion or disorientation, weakness, lightheadedness, or yellowing of the eyes or skin. These signs may indicate a more severe underlying condition and require immediate evaluation and treatment. So, if you are concerned about any symptoms or changes in your body, it’s always better to consult with a medical professional right away1.

Also Read: Natural Home Remedies for Fatty Liver

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can hepatomegaly be fatal?

No, hepatomegaly itself is not typically fatal. However, the underlying conditions that cause hepatomegaly, such as liver disease or cancer, can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Can hepatomegaly be caused by viral infections other than hepatitis B and C?

Yes, other viral infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can also cause hepatomegaly.

Is hepatomegaly reversible?

Yes, hepatomegaly may be reversible in certain cases. However, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider to see the extent of your disease and to get the best possible care1.

How common is hepatomegaly? 

Hepatomegaly is a relatively common medical condition and can occur in both adults and children.

Is hepatomegaly contagious?

No, hepatomegaly is not contagious, but certain underlying conditions that cause hepatomegaly such as tuberculosis may be contagious.

References

  1. Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver): Symptoms, causes & treatment [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/17937-hepatomegaly-enlarged-liver 
  2. Symptoms and causes [Internet]. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/enlarged-liver/symptoms-causes/syc-20372167
  3. Knott DL. Hepatomegaly (causes, symptoms, and treatment) [Internet]. Patient.info. 2022. Available from: https://patient.info/doctor/hepatomegaly 
  4. Enlarged liver [Internet]. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2022. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/enlarged-liver/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372171 
  5. Toma D, Lazar O, Bontas E. Acute liver failure. Liver Diseases: A Multidisciplinary Textbook. 2020:369-80. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122204/ 
  6. Talwani R, Gilliam BL, Howell C. Infectious diseases and the liver. Clinics in liver disease. 2011 Feb 1;15(1):111-30. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3660095/ 
  7. Chatila R, West BA. Hepatomegaly and abnormal liver tests due to glycogenosis in adults with diabetes. Medicine. 1996 Nov 1;75(6):327-33. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8982149/ 
  8. Malik A, Brito D, Vaqar S, Chhabra L. Congestive heart failure. InStatPearls [Internet] 2022 May 5. StatPearls Publishing. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430873/ 
  9. Paschos P, Paletas K. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome. Hippokratia. 2009 Jan;13(1):9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2633261/ 
  10. Giallourakis CC. Liver complications in patients with congestive heart failure. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2013 Apr;9(4):244. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3977644/ 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Nephrotic Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Introduction

Nephrotic syndrome is a medical condition that occurs when the kidney filters are damaged. These filters usually take back the protein in your blood and prevent it from going into the urine. When they are damaged, excess protein leaks into the urine. This can cause your body to lose important proteins that help maintain fluid balance in your blood vessels. As a result of this imbalance, some of the fluid starts to leak out into your tissues, leading to swelling, which is called oedema. You might notice swelling in your legs, ankles, or around your eyes. Your urine may also look foamy due to the extra protein in it1.

Let us discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatments available for nephrotic syndrome.

Did You Know?

Signs and Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome

The following are the signs and symptoms, to look out for:

Most children with nephrotic syndrome have times when their symptoms are under control (remission), followed by times when symptoms return (relapses). In most cases, relapses become less frequent as they get older and often stop by their late teens.

Dr. Ashish Bajaj, M.B.B.S, M.D.

Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome can be caused by:

Nephrotic syndrome causes your kidneys to release too much protein in your urine. Causes include kidney diseases that affect the tiny filters inside your kidneys. Symptoms include swelling, high amounts of protein in your urine and low amounts of protein in your blood.

Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD

Risk Factors for Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a condition caused by damage to the filtering system of the kidneys,  that filter the blood and remove excess fluids. Several factors can increase the risk of developing nephrotic syndrome, including:

Diagnosis of Nephrotic Syndrome

Here are the tests or procedures done by your healthcare provider for the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome:

Treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome

Treatment for nephrotic syndrome involves managing symptoms and treating underlying causes, which may include the following:

Reduction of symptoms using medications such as:

Management of underlying cause:

It’s important to note that treatment for nephrotic syndrome is individualized based on each person’s unique situation and may involve a combination of the above treatments. Close monitoring by a healthcare professional is also necessary to manage symptoms and prevent complications4,7.

Prevention of Nephrotic Syndrome

Prevention

Management

Also Read: High Uric Acid Level: Causes, Risks, Treatment, Prevention

Complications of Nephrotic Syndrome

Complications of nephrotic syndrome can include:

Also Read: Placenta Previa: Symptoms, Types, Causes & Risk Factors

When to See a Doctor?

If you or anyone known to you starts to show symptoms of nephrotic syndrome such as swelling in the face, belly, or limbs, or skin sores, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider immediately. Similarly, in case you are undergoing treatment for nephrotic syndrome but the symptoms persist or do not improve, it is crucial to let your doctor know. In case of new symptoms such as decreased urine output, cough, fever, severe headache, or discomfort while urinating, it is also important to seek medical attention. Prompt consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended to avoid any potential complications and to manage the condition effectively3.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can nephrotic syndrome affect children’s growth?

Yes, nephrotic syndrome can affect children’s growth due to the effects of protein loss and steroid treatment.

Is nephrotic syndrome a kidney disease? 

Yes, nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease that causes proteins to seep into the urine.

Is nephrotic syndrome contagious? 

No, nephrotic syndrome is not a contagious disease.

Can nephrotic syndrome affect children? 

Yes, it does affect children.

Can nephrotic syndrome be cured?

No, there is no cure for nephrotic syndrome but the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome can be managed with the help of your healthcare provider and some lifestyle changes2.

References

  1. Nephrotic syndrome [Internet]. National Kidney Foundation. 2022. Available from: https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/nephrotic  
  2. Nephrotic syndrome: Causes, symptoms & treatment [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/5989-nephrotic-syndrome  
  3. Nephrotic syndrome [Internet]. Mount Sinai Health System. Available from: https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/nephrotic-syndrome 
  4. Nephrotic syndrome in adults – NIDDK [Internet]. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; [cited 2023Apr25]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/nephrotic-syndrome-adults#causes
  5. Nephrotic syndrome [Internet]. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2022 [cited 2023Apr25]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20375608 
  6. Nephrotic syndrome treatments, causes & symptoms [Internet]. American Kidney Fund. 2023 [cited 2023Apr25]. Available from: https://www.kidneyfund.org/all-about-kidneys/other-kidney-problems/nephrotic-syndrome-treatments-causes-symptoms#who-is-at-risk-for-nephrotic-syndrome 
  7. Nephrotic syndrome [Internet]. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2022 [cited 2023Apr25]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20375613 
  8. Home – nephcure kidney international [Internet].  Available from: https://nephcure.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Nephrotic-Syndrome-Fact-Sheet-4.12.18.pdf 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Jungle Jalebi (Madras Thorn): Uses, Benefits and Side Effects

Introduction

We have almost forgotten the rich history and ancient wisdom that our grandparents and great-grandparents have passed down to us regarding the Indian traditional system of medicine called Ayurveda. Ancient pieces of literature like vedas tell us about the use of medicinal plants or the healing properties of herbs. One such plant of high nutritive and medicinal value is Pithecellobium dulce which belongs to the Fabaceae family the fruit obtained from this plant is called ‘jungle jalebi’. These fruits are widely distributed in India, Australia, South Africa and other parts of Asia. They are found during summers on thorny tall trees. The fruit has red and white flesh and black seeds inside. It is commonly known as hill tamarind. In Hindi, it is known as ‘dakhani babool’, it is called as ‘vilayatichinch’ in Marathi, ‘vilayati ambli’ in Gujarathi. In this article, we will learn all that you need to know about jungle Jalebi fruit, including its health benefits, side effects, precautions and considerations that need to be taken if you plan to take this fruit1,2.

Nutritional Value of Jungle Jalebi Fruit

Jungle jalebi fruit is rich in a variety of compounds, like carbohydrates, fats, proteins and dietary fibres and minerals like calcium, potassium, phosphorus and iron. Phytochemicals like saponins, flavonoids and phenols are also present in this fruit. The nutritional composition of this fruit is given below: 

Nutritional value of jungle jalebi fruit3,4

Properties of Jungle Jalebi Fruit

Jungle jalebi fruit shows numerous scientifically proven properties, some of which are mentioned below: 

Add Jungle Jalebi to your diet! These tropical fruit pods are low in calories, with only about 20-30 calories per pod and high in fibre, which can help you feel fuller for longer. They’re also packed with nutrients like vitamin C, which can support your metabolism and overall health9.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit

Let us now learn more about the health benefits of jungle jalebi fruit. 

1. Potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit in Blood Glucose Level

regulates blood sugar

Literature studies support the fact that the consumption of fruits may help manage blood glucose. Kumar et al. conducted a study in 2017. The findings of this study2 showed that the consumption of jungle jalebi fruits in diabetic rats helped in reducing blood glucose. This effect is attributed due to the presence of saponin in this fruit which helps in blocking the enzymes responsible for the breakdown of starch into glucose. This indicates that this fruit has the potential to reduce blood glucose and thus may help manage diabetes. However, to claim these results in humans, we need more studies. It is further advised not to self-medicate and consult your physician for proper management of abnormal blood glucose.

If you’re concerned about your blood circulation, you may want to consider incorporating Jungle jalebi into your routine. These fruit pods are a good source of fibre and nutrients that can help improve circulation and prevent blood clots. They also contain antioxidants that can protect against inflammation, which is a common cause of blood flow problems10.

Dr. Ashok Pal, B.A.M.S.

2. Potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit on Lipid Panel

cholesterol

A lipid panel is a complete cholesterol test that measures total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The literature states that exercising regularly and following a healthy diet consisting of fruits and vegetables may have a positive impact on the lipid panel. A study4 conducted by Murugesan et al. in 2019 stated that jungle jalebi fruit might help in reducing total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein and may increase high-density lipoprotein. This indicates that jungle jalebi fruit may positively impact the lipid panel, but it is advised not to rely on this fruit as a remedy and kindly consult your physician for the proper management of an abnormal lipid panel.

Heart health is no joke, but Jungle Jalebi can make it sweet! Packed with antioxidants and nutrients, these fruit pods can help reduce inflammation, lower cholesterol levels, and improve blood flow – all essential for a healthy heart9.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

3. Potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit in Peptic Ulcers

Gastric Ulcers

Unhealthy diets, including junk food, fried and spicy food and prolonged use of painkillers increase the chances of peptic or gastric ulcers. Literature studies show that jungle jalebi fruit may help those with chronic ulcers. Murugesan et al., in 2019, conducted a study that states that jungle jalebi fruit may help in managing peptic ulcers. It may be hypothesized that this fruit may help reduce acute inflammation of the stomach lining, which reduces the risk of ulceration. However, we need more studies to claim these results with greater reliability. Also, it is advised not to consider this fruit as an alternative to modern medicine you should always consult your doctor for the proper management of ulcers4.

4. Potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit in Bacterial Infections

infection

Ayurveda, or the Indian system of medicine, supports the use of fruits like jungle jalebi for managing bacterial infections. A study4 conducted by Murugesan et al. in 2019 stated that jungle jalebi fruit might help inhibit the growth of bacteria like Klebsiella pneumonia and Bacillus subtilis which causes pneumonia, meningitis and wound infections. This effect is due to the presence of saponins and flavonoids in this fruit. This indicates that this fruit may have the potential to manage infections. However, you should not consider this fruit as an alternative to modern medicine it is always advised to consult a physician for the proper management of any bacterial infection.

5. Potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit in Fungal Infections

fungal infection

Literature studies support the use of jungle jalebi fruit in managing fungal infections. Murugesan et al. conducted a study4 in 2019 that said that this fruit might help in inhibiting the growth of fungi like Penicillium digitatum, which causes fungal infections like mycosis. This indicates the potential of this fruit for managing fungal infections however, you should not consider this fruit as an alternative to modern medicine. You should consult your doctor for the proper management of any fungal infection. 

6. Potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit in Dengue and Malaria

dengue

In the post-monsoon period, the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue and malaria also increases. Due to its medicinal properties, studies support the use of fruits like jungle jalebi for managing dengue and malaria. A study4 conducted by Murugesan et al. in 2019 stated that this fruit might have the potential to manage dengue and malaria. Additionally, this fruit may help manage the poisoning caused due to insect bites. Despite these benefits, you should not consider jungle jalebi as a substitute for modern medicine. For the proper management of dengue and malaria, you should take a proper consultation with a qualified physician.

7. Other potential Uses of Jungle Jalebi Fruit

constipation

Though there are studies that show the benefits of jungle jalebi fruit in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of jungle jalebi fruit on human health.  

How to Use Jungle Jalebi Fruit?

You must consult a qualified doctor before consuming any herbal supplements. You should not discontinue or replace your ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting your doctor.

Jungle Jalebi may be a natural way to combat stress and ageing. These fruit pods are packed with antioxidants that combat ageing and are high in vitamin C, which can help reduce stress8.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Side Effects of Jungle Jalebi Fruit

Takhtajan et al. conducted a review in 1997 which found that commonly reported side effects of plants belonging to the Fabaceae family include5:

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to jungle jalebi fruit, it is advised to discontinue its intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it, as they will guide you properly for your symptoms.

Precautions to Take with Jungle Jalebi Fruit

Consuming jungle jalebi fruit is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, the following considerations must be taken:

Also Read: Cranberry: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

However, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of jungle jalebi fruit with other drugs.

Jungle jalebi may be a solution to your skin woes. It’s a natural way to treat dark spots and other skin problems without harsh chemicals. These fruit pods are rich in vitamin C, which can help brighten skin and reduce the appearance of dark spots. They also contain antioxidants that can protect against damage from the sun and other environmental factors10.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Also Read: Lavangadi Vati: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Conclusion

Jungle Jalebi (Pithecellobium dulce) is a nutritionally rich wild fruit with promising potential in managing blood glucose, cholesterol, peptic ulcers, and bacterial and fungal infections. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties further add to its therapeutic value. However, the available research is largely limited to animal studies, and human clinical evidence remains insufficient. While safe in moderate amounts, caution is advised for pregnant women, children, and those on medications for diabetes or blood thinning, as interactions are possible. Medical consultation before use is strongly recommended.

Also Read: Drumstick (Sahjan): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is jungle jalebi?

Jungle jalebi refers to the fruit obtained from the wild thorny trees of Pithecellobium dulce1,2.

What is jungle jalebi fruit called in Hindi?

In Hindi, jungle jalebi fruit is called as ‘dakhani babool’1,2.

Can jungle jalebi fruit be taken during breastfeeding?  

The safety of jungle jalebi fruit consumption during breastfeeding is not well-established it is therefore advised to avoid its use and consult your doctor for the same.

Are there any jungle jalebi fruit benefits for hair loss? 

No, there are no proven results on the effects of jungle jalebi fruits on hair loss.

What are the side effects of jungle jalebi fruit? 

Jungle jalebi fruit belongs to Fabaceae family the side effects of fruits belonging to this family include nausea, vomiting, dizziness and abdominal pain. Consuming this fruit in excess can result in toxicity which is manifested by respiratory depression and tremors.

References

  1. Jaiswal YS, Williams LL. A glimpse of Ayurveda–The forgotten history and principles of Indian traditional medicine. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine. 2017 Jan 1; 7(1):50-3. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198827/ 
  2. Kumar M, Govindrajan J, Nyola NK. Antihyperglycemic potential of saponin-enriched fraction from Pithecellobium dulce Benth. seed extract. Pharmacognosy Research. 2017 Dec; 9(Suppl 1):S23. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5757321/ 
  3. Joshi K, Joshi I. JANGAL JALEBI (Pithecellobium dulce): A neglected and lesser known fruit. International Journal of Sciences & Applied Research. 2015. Available at: https://www.ijsar.in/Admin/pdf/216.pdf 
  4. Murugesan S, Lakshmanan DK, Arumugam V, Alexander RA. Nutritional and therapeutic benefits of medicinal plant Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae): A review. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2019 Jul 1; 9(7):130-9. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332080082_Nutritional_and_therapeutic_benefits_of_medicinal_plant_Pithecellobium_dulce_Fabaceae_A_review 
  5. Takhtadzhi︠a︡n AL, Takhtajan A. Diversity and classification of flowering plants. Columbia University Press; 1997. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/fabaceae 
  6. Maghuly F, Marzban G, Laimer M. Functional genomics of allergen gene families in fruits. Nutrients. 2009 Oct 28; 1(2):119-32. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3257604/ 
  7. Flavonoids (2023) Linus Pauling Institute. Available at: https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/flavonoids
  8. Meena VS, Gora JS, Singh A, Ram C, Meena NK, Pratibha, et al. Underutilized fruit crops of Indian arid and semi-arid regions: importance, conservation and utilization strategies. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/2/171
  9. Shukla S, Jain S. Incorporation of manila tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce) pulverize as a source of antioxidant in Muffin cake. Food Sci Res J. 2017;8(2):386-390. doi:10.15740/HAS/FSRJ/8.2/386-390. Available from: https://researchjournal.co.in/upload/assignments/8_386-390.pdf
  10. Patel SS, Goyal RK. Medicinal uses of Pithecellobium dulce and its health benefits. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2018;7(2):700-704. Available from: https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2018/vol7issue2/PartJ/7-1-390-353.pdf

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Karonda (Black Currant): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Introduction

Karonda, or Christ’s thorn, is an exotic, minor fruit plant that grows wild in bushes. Karonda is scientifically known as Carissa carandas and belongs to the family Apocynaceae. Karonda is an indigenous shrub of India. It is widely spread in the sub-tropics and tropics climate of the Himalayas, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal. The karonda plant is famous for its whitish-pink berry-sized fruits. These karonda fruits are small, succulent, fleshy, and rounded with a juicy pulp. It is bitter-sour and acidic in taste and is popularly used in Indian cuisine. Karonda in English is called Bengal currants, Black currants, and Carandas-plum. Karonda in Hindi is Karaunda, Karvand in Marathi, and Koromcha in Bengali. Read along to learn more about the health benefits of karonda, its bioactive components, properties, uses, and more. 

Nutritional Value of Karonda

The nutritional value of Karonda per 100 g:

Fresh

Dried

Karonda may contain essential compounds such as reducing sugar, flavonoids, saponins, protein, amino acids, cardinolides, terpenoids, steroids, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids. It may also contain vitamins such as A, riboflavin, thiamine, biotin, folic acid, and pantothenic acid1,3.

Properties of Karonda

Karonda may have the following properties: 

Potential Uses of Karonda

Karonda has been used in native systems of Indian medicine like Ayurveda, Homeopathy, and Unani due to its numerous medicinal properties3. The following may entitle a few potential uses of Karanda: 

1. Potential Uses of Karonda in Cancer

cancer
Image Source: freepik.com

A review4 by Hameed et al. in 2021 suggests that karonda fruit extract may possess significant anti-cancer activity against lung and ovarian cancer. Karonda may contain antioxidants, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds that may exhibit free radical scavenging activity. A laboratory study1,3 on cancer cells found that daily intake of fruits in the diet may be related to reduced cancer risks. However, further human research is required to develop a true scope of karonda fruit uses for cancer. Cancer is a serious health condition that requires an appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Consult a cancer specialist, and do not self-medicate. 

2. Potential Uses of Karonda for Skin

skin
Image Source: freepik.com

A review2 by Singh et al. in 2021 shows that karonda fruit may contain high sources of vitamins, antioxidants, and proteins. Its anti-microbial and antifungal properties may be beneficial for the skin. A regular intake of karonda fruit or fruit juice may help alleviate open pores and other skin-related infections2. However, this information is insufficient therefore, more human studies are needed to suggest the karonda benefits for skin. Therefore, consult a qualified dermatologist, and do not self-medicate. 

Over the years, I have observed that karonda extract might have health beneficial effects and potential as a natural anti-skin aging ingredient. It is believed that the extract can help prevent oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and support the remodeling of the external framework matrix of your skin. These actions are important in combating skin aging and promoting healthier skin6.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

3. Potential Uses of Karonda for Diabetes

Home Remedies For Diabetes
Image Source: freepik.com

An animal study5 carried out by David et al. in 2015 found that karonda fruit extract may have potential uses for diabetes. It may have anti-diabetic activity. A regular karonda intake may significantly lower the increased blood glucose levels in animals. This blood sugar-lowering activity of karonda may be due to the presence of nutrients like flavonoids and phenolic compounds1 .However, this information is insufficient as this study was conducted on animals. More human studies are needed to find the karonda benefits for diabetes. If you have diabetes consult a doctor and have karonda only if recommended. 

4. Potential Uses of Karonda for Scurvy

gum infection
Image Source: freepik.com

Scurvy is a disease caused due to a deficiency in vitamin C. A literature review2 by Singh et al. done in 2021 suggests that karonda may have an abundance of vitamin C. Karonda may be acidic in nature. Its astringent and antiscorbutic (reduce scurvy) properties may provide beneficial effects such as it may restore vitamin C in the body and help recover from scurvy2. However, more human studies are needed to investigate the benefits of karonda for scurvy. If you have vitamin C deficiency, consult a qualified physician and do not self-medicate. 

5. Other Potential Uses of Karonda

Though studies show the potential uses of karonda in various health conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to develop the scope of the benefits of karonda on human health.  

In my experience, I have observed that the ethanol extract of karonda might have an antidiarrhoeal effect. In studies, it was found that the plant extracts decreased the movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract, similar to the standard drug used for this purpose. This suggests that the plant extracts could be helpful in reducing episodes of diarrhoea7.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Karonda?

Karonda fruit is commonly used in various culinary preparations2. You may use karonda in the following ways: 

You should consult a qualified doctor before using karonda in large quantities. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing modern medical treatment with an Ayurvedic/herbal preparation of karonda without consulting an Ayurvedic doctor. They will guide you with their form and dosage as per your health condition. 

Over the years, I have learned that the methanolic extract of C. carandas leaves might possess hepatoprotective activity. This suggests that it has the potential to protect the liver from damage. While the exact mechanisms are not yet fully understood, it is believed that certain compounds present in the extract may contribute to its beneficial effects on liver health7.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Side Effects of Karonda

Eating karonda in a balanced proportion is safe. No major study reports the karonda fruit side effects in humans. Therefore, it is best to avoid eating karonda in high amounts. However, if any side effects are seen after eating karonda, immediately consult a doctor and get proper treatment. 

Also Read: Simhanada Guggulu: Uses, Benefits and Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Precautions to Take with Karonda

Eating karonda in excess amounts is not advised. The following precautions are necessary:  

Also Read: Karisalankanni (False Daisy): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

Furthermore, research is needed to study the interactions between karonda and other drugs. You must not presume that there are no interactions at all. Therefore, it is essential to have medical consultations with an Ayurvedic doctor. They will guide you on using karonda as a herb.  

Also Read: Kachnar (Bauhinia Variegata): Uses, Benefits, Nutritional Value & More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What food items can be prepared using karonda? 

In Indian cooking, karonda is a famous condiment. It may be used for pickles, chutneys, cooling drinks, juice, jelly, jam, squash, syrup, tarts, puddings, wine, etc1,2.

What are the different names of karonda? 

The different names of karonda may include Bengal currants, Black currants, Carandas-plum, Christ thorn, Karaunda, Karvand, Koromcha, etc2.

What are the vitamins present in karonda? 

Karonda vitamins may include vitamins A, C, riboflavin, thiamine, biotin, pantothenic acid and folic acid1,3.

What are the properties of karonda? 

Karonda may include properties such as cooling, anthelmintic, antioxidant, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, antiulcer, antiscorbutic, etc1,3.

Does karonda help with scurvy? 

Scurvy is a rare condition in which your body becomes deficient in vitamin C. Fresh and ripe karonda may be a rich source of vitamin C, which might help alleviate scurvy. Hence, karonda may be a good source of vitamin C for those trying to recover from scurvy2

References

​​1. Kamal M, Jawaid T, Khalid M. Carissa carandas Linn. (Karonda): An exotic minor plant fruit with immense value in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Asian J of Biomed and Pharma Sci. 2016;6(58):14–9. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kuldeep-Singh-18/publication/311510769_Carissa_carandas_Linn_Karonda_An_exotic_minor_plant_fruit_with_immense_value_in_nutraceutical_and_pharmaceutical_industries/links/5849955708ae82313e710694/Carissa-carandas-Linn-Karonda-An-exotic-minor-plant-fruit-with-immense-value-in-nutraceutical-and-pharmaceutical-industries.pdf 

​2. Singh K, Shiv P, Singh M. Karonda: A Medicinal Plant with Immense Economic Potentials. AgriCos e-Newsletter. 2021;2(2):83–6. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Krishan-Singh-7/publication/349237209_Karonda_A_Medicinal_Plant_with_Immense_Economic_Potentials/links/6026161c45851589399ae4c9/Karonda-A-Medicinal-Plant-with-Immense-Economic-Potentials.pdf 

​3. Kumar Rai G. Bioactive potential of karonda (Carissa carandas L.). Indian J Agric Biochem. 2021;34(1):24–32. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gyanendra-Rai-2/publication/353975087_Bioactive_potential_of_karonda_Carissa_carandas_L/links/61cec06eb6b5667157b96051/Bioactive-potential-of-karonda-Carissa-carandas-L.pdf?_sg%5B0%5D=started_experiment_milestone&origin=journalDetail 

4. Virmani R, Virmani T, Singh C, Sorout G, Gupta J. Bioactive potential of Karonda (Carissa carandas L.). Res Pharm Health Sci. 2015;3(2):[page numbers]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353975087_Bioactive_potential_of_karonda_Carissa_carandas_L

5. David M. Spectrographic analysis and in vitro study of phytochemicals in aqueous ethanolic fruit extract. J Adv Sci Res. 2015;6(03):10-13. Available from: https://sciensage.info/index.php/JASR/article/view/235

6. Neimkhum W, Anuchapreeda S, Lin W-C, Lue S-C, Lee K-H, Chaiyana W. Effects of Carissa carandas Linn. Fruit, Pulp, Leaf, and Seed on Oxidation, Inflammation, Tyrosinase, Matrix Metalloproteinase, Elastase, and Hyaluronidase Inhibition. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021;10(9):1345. doi:10.3390/antiox10091345. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8470603/

7. Singh S, Bajpai M, Mishra P. Carissa carandas L. – phyto-pharmacological review. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2020 Dec;72(12):1694-1714. doi:10.1111/jphp.13328. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jphp.13328

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

​​ 

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Sadabahar (Periwinkle): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More By Dr. Rajeev Singh

Introduction

Sadabahar or sadaphuli is a small shrub bearing purple, pink, or white flowers throughout the year and hence called “Sadabahar”. Natively called “periwinkle” in English Catharanthus roseus originated in Madagascar. This ornamental plant is cultivated throughout tropical and subtropical areas. Nearly 12 species are identified, out of which two are popular ground covers (a plant that grows over an area of ground). All the species bear single flowers and have opposite leaves. When the flowers are plucked, they exude a milky juice. The flowers bloom in March or April. Alba variety has white flowers, Atropurpurea has purple flowers, and Alboplena bears white flowers. Periwinkle is a rich source of medicinal compounds, and you need to know how nature has encapsulated love and care for all of us with this amazingly beautiful plant. Let us read more about the various health benefits Sadabahar leaves has to offer1

Did you know?

Nutritional Value of Sadabahar

Sadabahar leaves and flower petals are rich in flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates and phytochemicals like vincristine, vinblastine, vincardine, etc. The nutritional components of Sadabahar leaves are mentioned below: 

Nutritional value of Sadabahar leaves2 

The Sadabahar plant might act as a “diuretic.” Taking Sadabahar might make the body less effective at eliminating lithium. Lithium levels may rise as a result, which may have various side effects. I suggest if you are on lithium, see your doctor before consuming Sadabahar in any form. You might need to adjust your lithium dosage.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Properties of Sadabahar

Scientifically proven properties of Sadabahar include1

Potential Uses of Sadabahar for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of Sadabahar are described as under:  

1. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Type-2 Diabetes

diabetes

Type-2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by derangements (abnormalities) in blood glucose levels, due to decreased insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose) response or insulin resistance. Nammi et al. conducted a study in 2003 to assess the effects of sadabahar leaf juice on diabetic rats. The findings of this study stated that sadabahar had an anti-diabetic effect, attributed to increased secretion of insulin from beta cells of the pancreas. This indicates that sadabahar leaves may help in managing diabetes. However, we need more studies to support these claims in humans3

2. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Hypertension

hypertension

Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure >130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure>80 mm Hg. Sadabahar as an anti-hypertensive (causing a decrease in blood pressure) agent has been used in folklore medicine. Ara et al. conducted a study in 2009 in hypertensive rats fed sadabahar leaves extract. The results of this study supported the use of sadabahar to manage high blood pressure, indicating that it may positively impact blood pressure. However, we need more studies to ascertain these claims in humans4

3. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Cognitive Function

brain

A literature review by Medina et al. In 2010 stated that sadabahar contains chemical compounds called alkaloids which are known to enhance cognitive function. This effect is attributed to the inhibition of an enzyme called phosphodiesterase enzyme. The inhibition of this enzyme increases the levels of bio-molecules known to regulate memory, learning, etc. This indicates that sadabahar can positively impact cognitive function5

4. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Male Pattern Hair Loss

hair loss

Androgenic Alopecia, or male pattern hair loss in men and female pattern hair loss in women, is a patterned and progressive hair loss. A review by Justin et al. was conducted in 2017, stating sadabahar may help manage androgenic alopecia. However, the exact mechanism behind this is unknown, and we need more scientific studies to claim these effects in humans6

5. Potential Uses of Sadabahar on Cancer

cancer

Vinca alkaloids are medicinal compounds obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle plant or sadabahar. Vinblastine, an important Vinca alkaloid, has anti-tumour activity and is widely used to manage testicular cancers. Vinorelbine, another alkaloid from sadabahar, finds use for managing breast cancers and osteosarcoma (bone cancer cells). This indicates that sadabahar may help manage cancers. However, the potent anticancer Vinca alkaloids are fully processed, and safety and toxicity are tested before use. We do not promote the use of sadabahar flowers or leaves for managing cancers7

6. Other Potential Uses of Sadabahar

periwinkle

Though there are studies that show the benefits of Sadabahar in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Sadabahar on human health.  

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative illness of the central nervous system, affects 50–60% of people with dementia. It is distinguished by significant memory loss, emotional instability, and personality changes in later life. Studies have shown that the extracts of Sadabahar may aid in Alzheimer’s Disease as it has the potential to stimulate the nervous system. I suggest the consumption of Sadabahar with a doctor’s guidance and avoiding self-medication at all costs.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

How to Use Sadabahar?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.   

Side Effects of Sadabahar

A few side effects related to the consumption of sadabahar include: 

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to Sadabahar, it is advised to discontinue its intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms. 

Also Read: Shankhpushpi: Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!

Precautions to Take with Sadabahar

Consuming Sadabahar is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions: 

Also Read: Sandalwood: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Interactions with Other Drugs

However, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of sadabahar with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking3,9

Also Read: Chitrakadi Vati: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the scientific name of sadabahar? 

The scientific name of sadabahar is Catharanthus roseus1

What are the varieties of sadabahar available in the market? 

Depending on the colour of the flower, two-three varieties are known, these include Alba variety which has white flowers, Atropurpurea which has purple flowers and Alboplena bears white flowers1

Can sadabahar help manage diabetes?  

Yes, animal studies show that sadabahar has an anti-diabetic effect, attributed to increased secretion of insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose) from beta cells of the pancreas.  However, we need more studies to support these claims in humans. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for a proper treatment in case you suffer from diabetes3

Can sadabahar be used in pregnancy? 

The safety data regarding the use of sadabahar in pregnancy and during breastfeeding is limited; therefore it is advised to take necessary cautions if you plan to add this herb to your dietary routine. It is advised to consult a doctor for proper advice11

What are the side effects of sadabahar? 

Loh et al. in 2008 stated that vincristine, an alkaloid derived from sadabahar can cause hair loss, constipation, hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the body) and peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage resulting in pain, weakness, etc). Additionally, the consumption of sadabahar petals or leaves in excess can result in unwanted effects like nausea, vomiting, headache and fever10

References

  1. Dr. Anita Kale. (2021). A scientific review on Sadaphuli in Ayurveda. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences, 6(3), 94 – 99. Retrieved from https://www.jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1309 
  1. Radali, Duarah & Gupta, Alka. (2018). Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) Leaves and Lemongrass (Cympoogon citratus): An Analysis of Their Nutritional Composition, Anti-Nutritional Factors and Antioxidant Content. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 7. 2130-2135. 10.20546/ijcmas.2018.706.253. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326643359_Periwinkle_Catharanthus_roseus_Leaves_and_Lemongrass_Cympoogon_citratus_An_Analysis_of_Their_Nutritional_Composition_Anti-Nutritional_Factors_and_Antioxidant_Content 
  1. Nammi, Srinivas et al. “The juice of fresh leaves of Catharanthus roseus Linn. reduces blood glucose in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits.” BMC complementary and alternative medicine vol. 3 (2003): 4. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-3-4. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC194756/pdf/1472-6882-3-4.pdf 
  1. Ara, Naznin et al. “Comparison of hypotensive and hypolipidemic effects of Catharanthus roseus leaves extract with atenolol on adrenaline induced hypertensive rats.” Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciencesvol. 22,3 (2009): 267-71. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19553172/ 
  1. Medina, Alexandre E. “Vinpocetine as a potent antiinflammatory agent.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Americavol. 107, 22 (2010): 9921-2. doi:10.1073/pnas.1005138107. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890434/ 
  1. Tan, Justin J Y et al. “Bioactives in Chinese Proprietary Medicine Modulates 5α-Reductase Activity and Gene Expression Associated with Androgenetic Alopecia.” Frontiers in pharmacology vol. 8 194. 13 Apr. 2017, doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00194. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5390023/
  1. Moudi, Maryam et al. “Vinca alkaloids.” International journal of preventive medicine vol. 4,11 (2013): 1231-5. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883245/ 
  2. Periwinkle. Available at: https://www.organicindiausa.com/blog/benefits-of-madagascar-periwinkle/
  3. Dey, S. (2017) Periwinkle: A herbal powerhouse, Side Effects & DosageHealthXP. Available at: https://healthxp.in/periwinkle-a-herbal-powerhouse-side-effects-dosage/ (Accessed: December 12, 2022).  
  4. Nejat, Naghmeh et al. “Ornamental exterior versus therapeutic interior of Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus): the two faces of a versatile herb.” TheScientificWorldJournal vol. 2015 (2015): 982412. doi:10.1155/2015/982412. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4312627/ 
  5. Loh, Ky. “Know the Medicinal Herb: Catharanthus roseus (Vinca rosea).” Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia vol. 3,2 123. 31 Aug. 2008. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4170313/ 
  6. Periwinkle (pink or white) (catharanthus roseus): Queensland Poisons Information Centre (2017) Children’s Health Queensland. Available at: https://www.childrens.health.qld.gov.au/poisonous-plant-pink-white-periwinkle-catharanthus-roseus/ (Accessed: December 16, 2022).  

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Eucalyptus Oil: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

Aromatic herbs are being widely used, especially in rural areas. Eucalyptus is one such aromatic oil that has seen an increase in its use in developing countries. 

Eucalyptus oil, also known as nilgiri oil, is an essential oil derived from the distillation of fresh leaves of Eucalyptus globulus and other species like E. polybractea, E. smithii, and E. viminalis, belonging to the family Myrtaceae. This tall evergreen tree is native to Tasmania and Australia. Further, it is found in Spain, the United States, Brazil, Portugal, North and South Africa, France, Southern Europe, and India. In India, it is majorly cultivated in Punjab and Haryana. 

It is a straw-coloured or colourless fluid with a characteristic smell that may be described as camphor-like and pungent, and its taste is also said to be camphoraceous, followed by a cooling sensation. Let’s read about eucalyptus oil’s benefits and side effects1.

Did you know?

Nutritional Value of Eucalyptus Oil

Eucalyptus oil is known for its wide variety of bioactive compounds. They are enlisted below: 

Chemical constituents of Eucalyptus oil1.

A total of 0.26% of eucalyptus oil constituents are unknown.  

Based on my experience, I have observed that eucalyptus oil might possess hepatoprotective properties. This means that it could potentially protect the liver from damage caused by certain toxins. It is believed to involve the presence of ursolic acid, a compound found in the leaves of Eucalyptus hybrid E. tereticomis. Ursolic acid is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may contribute to its ability to protect the liver cells from damage and promote their regeneration12.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Properties of Eucalyptus Oil

Eucalyptus oil has many treasures hidden within it. Some of the properties of eucalyptus essential oil are1

In my experience, I have observed that eucalyptus oil might be beneficial for relieving spasmodic throat troubles, such as in croup. When applied externally, it may help alleviate the spasms and provide relief12.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Potential Uses of Eucalyptus Oil for Overall Health

The potential benefits of eucalyptus oil for your health are: 

1. Potential Uses of Eucalyptus Oil for Urinary Tract Infection

urinary tract infections
Image Source: freepik.com

In a study14 done by Moreira in 2001, eucalyptus oil may help in treating urinary tract infections. It may be used in an emulsion mixture with powdered gum arabic and water. This mixture may be given as urethral injections. However, a doctor should be consulted before using nilgiri oil1.

2. Potential Uses of Eucalyptus Oil for Diabetics

Home Remedies For Diabetes
Image Source: freepik.com

Eucalyptus essential oil has shown potential anti-diabetic properties. In a comparative study8 in 1998 by Gray, they observed the effects of eucalyptus for management of diabetes by partial restoration of pancreatic cells in rats. Further, Dey observed that eucalyptus citriodora showed potential anti-diabetic activity that was analogous to the standard diabetes drug Glibenclamide. Although, this won’t replace the medication prescribed by your doctor, you should consult a doctor before using eucalyptus oil for diabetes1,2.

3. Potential Uses of Eucalyptus Oil for Respiratory Diseases

respiratory disease
Image Source: freepik.com

Sonker et. al in a study9 in 2017 observed that eucalyptus oil may potentially relieve symptoms of respiratory diseases. It was reported in a study that major constituents of this essential oil may relieve coughing, stimulate breathing, relax the respiratory muscles and remove mucus. Further, it may help in sore throat, runny nose, cough, cold, asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis, and nasal congestion. Nilgiri oil can help in reducing the symptoms but should not be replaced with conventional treatment without consulting your doctor1.

4. Potential Uses of Eucalyptus Oil for Wound Healing

wound healing
Image Source: freepik.com

In a study10 in 1994, Sarkar found sores, cuts, scrapes, abrasions, burns and wounds may be benefitted using eucalyptus leaf essential oil. It can be used in the form of an ointment or salve to potentially use on bug bites and stings. In a study by Sabo in 2019, extracts of eucalyptus species showed a probable reduction in the size of acetic acid-induced ulcers in rats. Therefore, it may be a possibility that eucalyptus oil can be used for wound healing. You should consult a doctor before using eucalyptus oil on your wounds1.

5. Potential Uses of Eucalyptus Oil in Pain Relief

osteoarthritis
Image Source: freepik.com

Maruyama11 in 2005 observed that aromatherapy massage potentially suppresses the inflammatory symptoms of oedema and neutrophil accumulation. This is because eucalyptus oil is volatile and hence, gets easily absorbed into the muscle and nerve. It has a property to reduce pain (analgesic). Eucalyptus may help in case of chronic pain along with conventional medication. Eucalyptus oil should not be traded for your medication without consulting your doctor1,2.

6. Other Potential Uses

Image Source: freepik.com

Other than the above-noted uses of eucalyptus, they are also some other eucalyptus oil uses and benefits, such as: 

Though there are studies that show the benefits of the eucalyptus oil in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of benefits of eucalyptus oil on human health.  

For both chemical and natural techniques, the chosen eucalyptus oil is a unique kind. An ingredient in the oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) is known to repel mosquitoes and other insects. I recommend the use of eucalyptus oil under the doctor’s supervision13.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

How to Use Eucalyptus Oil?

Eucalyptus oil may be used in a number of ways to treat different conditions. Some ways to use eucalyptus oil are:  

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor

One essential component of various topical analgesics is eucalyptus. These include creams, salves, sprays, and other topical painkillers that you may apply straight to your skin. From my knowledge, eucalyptus oil works by creating a cool or warm sensation that may distract you from the pain, even if it is not the primary painkiller13.

Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Side Effects of Eucalyptus Oil

Like most essential oils, eucalyptus oil also has many side effects. The most common eucalyptus oil side effects are:  

Also Read: The Truth about Sunflower Oil: Is it Really Bad for You?

Precautions to Take with Eucalyptus Oil

You now know that eucalyptus oil should not be consumed by itself. Some other precautions to be taken with eucalyptus oil include: 

Also Read: 6 Simple Health Benefits of Essential Oils!

Interactions with Other Drugs

Eucalyptus is generally considered safe for topical use. However, it should never be consumed orally, especially without dilution with some other ingredients. It is considered toxic when consumed orally and may interact with your medications. Eucalyptus oil may affect the metabolic activity of the liver and thus, may disrupt the metabolism of certain drugs6

If you are consuming any drug that may be metabolized by the liver, contact your general physician before using eucalyptus oil. For instance, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a medication used to treat cancer. It was observed in an animal study that when eucalyptus oil is used on the skin caused an increase in the absorption of topical 5-FU. Further, some diabetic medication also interacts with eucalyptus oil3,6.

Also Read: Tea Tree: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, and More!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can you use eucalyptus oil to treat colds? 

Yes, the benefits of eucalyptus oil for cold are widely reported. It can be used via inhalation and cough drops. It has expectorant, antispasmodic and antiviral properties.  

Can eucalyptus oil be consumed orally? 

No, eucalyptus oil cannot be consumed orally, especially in large doses. It is usually consumed as a pharmaceutical product or can be used as a topical medication.  

Is eucalyptus oil safe for wound healing? 

Yes, eucalyptus oil can be used for wounds like abrasions, burns, scrapes, cuts and sores. It can be applied as a salve.

Does eucalyptus interact with other drugs? 

Yes, eucalyptus oil can interact with other drugs that get metabolized by the liver as it affects the metabolism rate in the liver. For example, 5-fluorouracil sees an increase in absorption when used topically with eucalyptus oil.  

Can children use eucalyptus oil? 

No, children under the age of one should not be administered eucalyptus oil. Children may be administered eucalyptus oil only after referring to a general physician.  

References

1. Rathva D, Parmar D, Upadhyay S, Upadhyay U. A Basic Review on Eucalyptus Oil. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications [Internet]. [cited 2022 Nov 29];5(2):771–81. Available from: https://ijprajournal.com/issue_dcp/A%20Basic%20Review%20on%20Eucalyptus%20Oil.pdf?

2. Dhakad AK, Pandey V v., Beg S, Rawat JM, Singh A. Biological, medicinal and toxicological significance of Eucalyptus leaf essential oil: a review. J Sci Food Agric. 2018 Feb 1;98(3):833–48. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28758221/ 

3. Dey B, De J, Ghatak S, Maiti K. Chemo-profiling of eucalyptus and study of its hypoglycemic potential. Integr Med Res. 2013;2(3):101-107. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3797882/

4. Sanches Abelan U, Savassa Pinto Cacoci RPh É, Elyan Azevedo Martins T, Mansanares Giacon V, Valéria Robles Velasco M, Rosana Ribeiro de Castro Lima C, et al. Potential use of essential oils in cosmetic and dermatological hair products: A review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021;00:1–12. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34129742/ 

5. Chandorkar N, Tambe S, Amin P, Madankar C. A systematic and comprehensive review on current understanding of the pharmacological actions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications of the genus Eucalyptus. Phytomedicine Plus. 2021 Nov 1;1(4):100089. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667031321000713#:~:text=It%20can%20be%20concluded%20that,the%20treatment%20of%20respiratory%20disorders

6. Wang X, Zheng J, Shen Y, Ma H, Xie D. Efficacy and safety of inhaled essential oil for postoperative nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2023;11(4):e01198. doi:10.1002/prp2.1198. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10322318/

7.  Eucalyptus Oil: Important information about eucalyptus oil [Internet]. Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.4843.pdf 

8. Gray AM, Flatt PR. Antihyperglycemic actions of Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus) are associated with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic effects in mice. J Nutr. 1998 Dec;128(12):2319–2323. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.12.2319. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/jn/article-abstract/128/12/2319/4724260?redirectedFrom=fulltext

9. Sonker P, Verma S, Gupta P. To study the pharmacological effect and beneficial effect of Eucalyptus globulus in different types of diseases. Int J Res Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2017;6(1):81–88. doi:10.61096/ijrpp.v6.iss1.2017.81-88. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320979770_81_To_Study_the_Pharmacological_Effect_and_Beneficial_Effect_of_Eucalyptus_Globulus_in_Different_types_of_Diseases

10. Sarkar S N. Capillary permeability-increasing effect of Eucalyptus hybrid leaf and Seseli indicum seed oils in rabbit. Indian J Pharmacol. 1994;26(1):55–56. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/iphr/abstract/1994/26010/capillary_permeability_increasing_effect_of.12.aspx

11. Maruyama N, Sekimoto Y, Ishibashi H, Inouye S, Oshima H, Yamaguchi H, et al. Suppression of neutrophil accumulation in mice by cutaneous application of geranium essential oil. J Inflamm (Lond). 2005;2:1. doi: 10.1186/1476-9255-2-1. Available from: https://journal-inflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-9255-2-1

12. Kesharwani V, Gupta S, Kushwaha N, Kesharwani R, Patel DKM. A review on therapeutics application of eucalyptus oil. Int J Herb Med. 2018;6(6):110–115. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332370890_A_review_on_therapeutics_application_of_eucalyptus_oil

13. WebMD. 12 Ways to Use Eucalyptus Oil [Internet]. WebMD; 2025 [cited 2025 Nov 17]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins-and-supplements/ss/slideshow-eucalyptus-oil-benefits-and-uses

14. Moreira MR, Cruz GMP, Lopes MS, Albuquerque AAC, Leal-Cardoso JH. Effects of terpineol on the compound action potential of the rat sciatic nerve. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2001 Oct;34(10):1337-1340. doi:10.1590/s0100-879×2001001000015. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11593310/

15. Kumar KJ, Sreenivasan T, Vinayak N, Sreenivasan U. Eucalyptus oil poisoning. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2015;19(6):376-378. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4721170/

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Lemon (Nimbu): Uses, Benefits, Side effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

“When life gives you lemons, make lemonade” is a famous proverbial phrase that tells us to look at the bright side and keep moving forward in life. Just like the saying, lemons or Citrus limon are bright yellow, oval-shaped edible fruits with a pronounced bulge on one end. Lemons are available in different sizes, with the raw ones being green in colour and the ripe ones turning a beautiful bright yellow. Lemons are native to the Himalayan foothills of Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines and North India. In India, they are the third largest crop after bananas and mangoes and thus, they have become an economically important crop.  

This flavoured fruit has a juicy yellow flesh that is sour in taste. Their tartness and citric fragrance make them a kitchen favourite. James Lind, the pioneer of clinical research, carried out the very first clinical trial in history with lemons as his focus. The findings of this trial supported the use of lemons for treating scurvy. Let’s find out more about this lovely fruit1,2

Nutritional Value of Lemons

Lemons are packed with the goodness of minerals and vitamins, especially Vitamin C and polyphenols like polymethoxyflavones. The nutritional components of lemons are mentioned in the table below.  

Properties of Lemons

Scientifically proven properties of C.limon include: 

Potential Uses of Lemons for Overall Health

Some of the potential benefits of lemons are described below. 

1. Potential uses of lemons in obesity

Obesity

Plant constituents like polyphenols may help manage obesity. Fukuchi et al. conducted a study6 in 2008 to assess the effect of lemon polyphenols on obesity in white mice. Polyphenols in lemons might be responsible for suppressing fat accumulation and weight gain in the body. This indicates that the consumption of lemon may help in managing obesity. However, scientific evidence supporting this claim is limited, and this warrants the need for conducting further research. 

2. Potential uses of lemons in cancer

cancer

Cancer is the leading cause of death, and literature reviews have shown a clear positive relationship between dietary polyphenols (which are strong antioxidants) and cancer. Al-Ataby conducted a study7 in 2022 to assess the effect of lemon and ginger administration on breast cancer tumour growth in mouse models. The findings of this study11 support that 50% of mice consuming the lemon-ginger combination did not develop tumours due to the presence of alpha-pinene and alpha-terpineol. This indicates that the consumption of lemon may show anti-cancer properties. However, we need more studies to support these claims. 

3. Potential uses of lemons for blood pressure

blood pressure

Along with antihypertensive medications, herbs and CAM (complementary and alternative medicines) have increased to manage hypertension. A literature review conducted by Zuhal et al. in 2012 suggests8 that lemon juice may help reduce systolic blood pressure. Tezel et al. conducted a study in 2003 in turkey to assess the therapeutic potential of lemon juice on blood pressure maintenance. The findings of this study support the use of lemon juice as an alternative therapy for decreasing blood pressure. This indicates that consuming lemon juice may help manage blood pressure. However, scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited, and this warrants the need for more clinical studies to support these claims. 

4. Potential uses of lemons for asthma

asthma

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways known to impair normal breathing. The use of natural products as a complementary or alternative treatment for asthma has increased. For almost 5000 years, the use of plant-based products as traditional medicine for the treatment of asthma has been reported. Costa et al. conducted a study9 in 2010 to identify plant-based natural products for managing asthma. This study identified lemon as a potent anti-asthmatic agent. Additionally, lemons may help reduce cough (anti-tussive property). This indicates that lemons may have the potential to manage asthma and may provide symptomatic relief, but we need more scientific evidence to support these claims3

5. Potential uses of lemons in scurvy

lemon
Image Source: freepik.com

Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C and is characterised by generalised weakness, bleeding and bruising gums, etc. Dr. James Lind was the first physician to conduct a controlled clinical10 trial in 1796. Due to the high mortality from scurvy amongst the sailors, he planned a comparative trial to assess the effect of citrus fruits like lemons and oranges on scurvy. To his surprise, Lind found that citrus fruits (lemons and oranges) were better than other treatments for scurvy. Additionally, Vitamin C is required to form collagen, which plays an important role in stopping bleeding. Therefore, lemons may help in healing wounds. This indicates that lemons, a rich source of Vitamin C, may help manage scurvy. However, more studies should be conducted to increase the reliability of these results. 

6. Other potential uses of lemons

lemon

Though there are studies that show the benefits of Lemons in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Lemons on human health.  

How to Use Lemons?

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.   

Side Effects of Lemons

Likewise, a few side effects related to the consumption of lemons include: 

However, if you experience any adverse reactions to lemons, it is advised to discontinue its intake and immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms. 

Precautions to Take with Lemons

Eating lemons is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions: 

Also Read: Warm Water with Honey & Lemon – Is It the Amrit for Your Health?

Interactions with Other Drugs

There is no significant interaction of lemons with other drugs. However, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of lemons with other drugs and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the scientific name of lemons? 

The scientific name of lemons is Citrus limon1

Can lemons help in weight loss? 

Yes, studies show that lemons may help in managing obesity and promoting weight loss. However, scientific evidence to support this claim is limited. Therefore, you should consult a doctor if you have any weight-related issues6

Can lemons help in managing blood pressure?  

Yes, lemons may help manage blood pressure. This effect is attributed to the presence of Vitamin C. However, the exact mechanism is unclear and more research is needed to support these claims. Therefore, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you have abnormal blood pressure7

Can the consumption of lemon juice help manage kidney stones? 

Kidney stones are formed when citric acid salt citrate binds to calcium. Consumption of lemon juice increases the urinary excretion of citrate and, thus, may reduce the risk of kidney stones. However, there is a need to conduct more studies to support these claims. It is recommended to consult a doctor for proper treatment in case you have kidney stones1.  

What are the side effects of excess lemon consumption? 

Consumption of lemons in excess can increase the risk of gastric reflux disease. Lemons are acidic and can cause dental erosion over a long period. They can also increase the risk of migraines due to the presence of tyramine. 

References

  1. Model profile of 1.0 ha citrus cultivation – agricoop.nic.in. Available at: https://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/Citrus%20cultivation.pdf  (Accessed: December 2, 2022).  
  2. Klimek-Szczykutowicz, Marta et al. “Citrus limon (Lemon) Phenomenon-A Review of the Chemistry, Pharmacological Properties, Applications in the Modern Pharmaceutical, Food, and Cosmetics Industries, and Biotechnological Studies.” Plants (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,1 119. 17 Jan. 2020, doi:10.3390/plants9010119. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31963590/ 
  3. Lemon juice, raw (no date) Lemon juice, raw nutrition facts and analysis. Available at: https://www.nutritionvalue.org/Lemon_juice%2C_raw_nutritional_value.html?size=100%2Bg (Accessed: December 2, 2022).  
  4. Czech, Anna et al. “Mineral Content of the Pulp and Peel of Various Citrus Fruit Cultivars.” Biological trace element research vol. 193,2 (2020): 555-563. doi:10.1007/s12011-019-01727-1. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6944645/ 
  5. Singh, Nitika et al. “Features, Pharmacological Chemistry, Molecular Mechanism and Health Benefits of Lemon.” Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)) vol. 17,3 (2021): 187-202. doi:10.2174/1573406416666200909104050. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32901586/ 
  6. Fukuchi, Yoshiko et al. “Lemon Polyphenols Suppress Diet-induced Obesity by Up-Regulation of mRNA Levels of the Enzymes Involved in beta-Oxidation in Mouse White Adipose Tissue.” Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition vol. 43,3 (2008): 201-9. doi:10.3164/jcbn.2008066. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19015756/ 
  7. Al-Ataby, Israa A, and Wamidh H Talib. “Daily Consumption of Lemon and Ginger Herbal Infusion Caused Tumor Regression and Activation of the Immune System in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer.” Frontiers in nutrition vol. 9 829101. 13 Apr. 2022, doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.829101. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9043650/ 
  8. Bahar, Zuhal et al. “Herbal therapies used by hypertensive patients in Turkey.” African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines: AJTCAM vol. 10,2 292-8. 31 Dec. 2012. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3746576/ 
  9. Amaral-Machado L, Oliveira WN, Moreira-Oliveira SS, Pereira DT, Alencar ÉN, Tsapis N, Egito EST. Use of Natural Products in Asthma Treatment. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Feb 13;2020:1021258. doi: 10.1155/2020/1021258. PMID: 32104188; PMCID: PMC7040422. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7040422/
  10. Bhatt, Arun. “Evolution of clinical research: a history before and beyond James Lind.” Perspectives in clinical research vol. 1,1 (2010): 6-10. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3149409/ 
  11. Kato Y, Domoto T, Hiramitsu M, Katagiri T, Sato K, Miyake Y, Aoi S, Ishihara K, Ikeda H, Umei N, Takigawa A, Harada T. Effect on blood pressure of daily lemon ingestion and walking. J Nutr Metab. 2014;2014:912684. doi: 10.1155/2014/912684. Epub 2014 Apr 10. PMID: 24818015; PMCID: PMC4003767. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4003767/
  12. Shija, Kelvin M et al. “Effects of lemon decoction on malaria parasite clearance and selected hematological parameters in Plasmodium berghei ANKA infected mice.” BMC complementary medicine and therapies vol. 20,1 24. 30 Jan. 2020, doi:10.1186/s12906-020-2820-1. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076818/pdf/12906_2020_Article_2820.pdf 
  13. Food revolution network (2022) How (and why) to use lemon in recipes, Food Revolution Network. Available at: https://foodrevolution.org/blog/lemon-recipes/ (Accessed: December 2, 2022).  
  14. Heidarzadeh-Esfahani, Neda et al. “Dietary Intake in Relation to the Risk of Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review.” Preventive nutrition and food science vol. 26,4 (2021): 367-379. doi:10.3746/pnf.2021.26.4.367. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8747955/ 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any change

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Hibiscus Tea: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode

Introduction

Ruby red-coloured hibiscus tea is often consumed as an alternative to regular tea and coffee. It is refreshing and has a tangy flavour. Hibiscus is found in several warm countries like India, Thailand, Vietnam, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Sudan, Egypt, Philippines, and Indonesia. The scientific name of the hibiscus is Hibiscus sabdariffa, and it belongs to the family Malvaceae. Hibiscus is commonly known as ‘roselle’ or ‘red sorrel.’ The fleshy red calyx of hibiscus is often used to make hibiscus tea. Hibiscus is a caffeine-free herbal tea that tastes like berries1. Let us look at some hibiscus tea health benefits.

Nutritional Value of Hibiscus Tea

Brewed hibiscus tea nutrition is as follows2:  

Furthermore, hibiscus has several bioactive compounds like anthocyanin, organic acids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, carotene, and many more1

Properties of Hibiscus Tea

Several studies have shown that hibiscus tea properties may be as follows1:  

Potential Uses of Hibiscus Tea for Overall Health

Some of the potential hibiscus tea uses are: 

1. Potential Use of Hibiscus Tea for Lowering Blood Sugar Levels 

diabeties

A study3 by Jamrozik et al. in 2022 showed that the polyphenols in hibiscus tea might lower blood sugar levels by inhibiting enzymes like α-glucosidase and α-amylase. These enzymes are responsible for digesting carbohydrates and increasing glucose levels after consuming food. However, further studies on humans are required to check if hibiscus tea may help to lower blood sugar levels. Therefore, you must check your blood sugar levels regularly and immediately consult the doctor in case of abnormal sugar levels. 

2. Potential Use of Hibiscus Tea for Lowering Blood Pressure 

blood pressure

A study4 by McKay et al. in 2009 showed that flavonoids like delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside present in hibiscus tea might reduce blood pressure. Hibiscus is a vasorelaxant as it relaxes the tension on the walls of blood vessels; therefore, it may lower blood pressure. However, more studies on humans are required to check if hibiscus tea may lower blood pressure. Therefore, you must check your blood pressure and consult your doctor in case of abnormal blood pressure. 

3. Potential Use of Hibiscus Tea for Lowering Cholesterol 

cholesterol

A study5 by Sanadheera et al. in 2021 showed that hibiscus tea might reduce bad cholesterol levels (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein). Additionally, it may elevate good cholesterol levels (high-density lipoprotein). This may be due to the antioxidant properties of hibiscus tea. However, more studies on humans are yet to be done to check if hibiscus tea may affect cholesterol levels. Therefore, you must check your cholesterol levels and consult your doctor if you have abnormal cholesterol levels. 

4. Potential Use of Hibiscus Tea for Reducing Inflammation 

reduces inflammation
Image Source: freepik.com

A study6 by Raduan et al. in 2013 showed that saponins, flavonoids, and plant sterols might reduce inflammation. Hibiscus tea may inhibit cyclooxygenase. Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme that elevates the levels of prostaglandins (lipids responsible for inflammation). However, more studies on humans are yet to be done to check if hibiscus tea may reduce inflammation. You must consult your doctor if you suspect inflammation in your body. 

5. Potential Use of Hibiscus Tea for Weight Management 

weight management
Image Source: freepik.com

A study7 by F.J. Alarcon-Aguilar et al. in 2007 on mice showed that anthocyanin, cyanidin, and delphinidin in hibiscus tea might reduce weight. Hibiscus tea may reduce weight by reducing the levels of cholesterol and by inhibiting the gastric and pancreatic lipases responsible for increasing the fat levels in the body7. However, this is the result of animal studies; more studies on humans are required. You must consult your dietitian before making any essential changes to your diet. 

6. Potential Use of Hibiscus Tea for Microbial Infections 

infection
Image Source: freepik.com

A study10 showed that hibiscus tea might possess antibacterial and antifungal activity. Hibiscus tea may possess activity against Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium from the oral cavity, Schistosoma mansoni, and Campylobacter species. In addition, hibiscus tea may reduce the formation of aflatoxin, a toxin produced by fungi. However, more studies on humans are required to check if hibiscus tea may be beneficial for microbial infections. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you suspect a microbial infection. 

7. Potential Use of Hibiscus Tea for Cancer 

cancer

A study8 by Lin et al. in 2011 showed that hibiscus tea might act against cancer. The polyphenols, like catechin, may be an antioxidants and act against free radicals. Additionally, the polyphenols may inhibit prostate tumours and deactivate the cancerous cells. However, more studies on humans are required to check the anti-cancer effect of hibiscus tea. Therefore, you must immediately consult your doctor if you suspect it instead of self-medicating. 

Though studies show the benefits of hibiscus tea in various conditions, these are insufficient, and further studies are to establish the true extent of the benefits of hibiscus tea on human health. 

How to Use Hibiscus Tea

Here’s a quick and easy hibiscus tea recipe to follow:

You must visit a doctor before taking hibiscus tea in large quantities or any herbal products. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine or herbal preparation without consulting a doctor. 

Also Read: Instant Home Remedies for Digestive Problems

Side Effects of Hibiscus Tea

Studies1 have shown that hibiscus tea is considered safe when consumed adequately. A few hibiscus tea side effects may be gas, upset stomach, and constipation9. If you notice any reaction to consuming hibiscus tea, seek immediate medical attention. Consult your ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you. 

1. Estrogen Levels

2. Effects on Kidneys

3. Gas, Upset Stomach, and Constipation

4. General Recommendations

Also Read: Natural Home Remedies For Grey Hair

Precautions to Take with Hibiscus Tea

The following precautions shall be taken before consuming hibiscus tea: 

It is advised to consult your doctor before consuming hibiscus tea if you have any pre-existing diseases. 

Interactions with Other Medicines

Hibiscus tea may interact with the following medicines

You must consult a doctor before taking hibiscus tea if you are undergoing medical treatment.

Also Read: Everyday Benefits of Jeera Water That You Should Know!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the uses of hibiscus tea? 

Hibiscus tea helps lower blood sugar levels, cholesterol, and blood pressure. It may reduce inflammation, help manage weight, and act against microbial infections. In addition, it may act as an antioxidant and reduce cancer risk. However, you must visit your doctor if you have any of the mentioned conditions instead of self-medicating. 

What vitamins are present in hibiscus tea?

Hibiscus tea contains various vitamins, including vitamin C, which contributes to immune support and skin health. Additionally, it provides traces of vitamin A and vitamin B, enhancing its nutritional profile.

What antioxidants are in hibiscus tea?

Hibiscus tea boasts a rich antioxidant profile, featuring anthocyanins that contribute to its vibrant colour and help combat oxidative stress. These antioxidants may provide potential health benefits, such as supporting heart health and reducing inflammation.

Is hibiscus tea acidic?

Yes, hibiscus tea is slightly acidic due to its natural compounds. However, it’s generally considered safe for most people, but individuals with acid sensitivity may want to consume it in moderation.

Is hibiscus tea good for the kidneys?

Hibiscus tea benefits may include supporting kidney health, as it has been associated with lowering blood pressure and reducing oxidative stress. However, individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions should consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating it into their diet.

Is hibiscus tea good for periods?

While some believe hibiscus tea may help relieve menstrual cramps and promote a healthy menstrual cycle due to its reported anti-inflammatory properties, scientific evidence is limited. Individuals seeking relief for period-related discomfort should consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice.

Is hibiscus tea good for gastritis?

Hibiscus tea might aggravate gastritis symptoms for some individuals due to its natural acidity. It’s advisable for those with gastritis to consult with a healthcare professional to determine whether hibiscus tea is suitable for their specific condition.

Is hibiscus tea contain caffeine?

Hibiscus tea is caffeine-free, making it a suitable choice for individuals looking to avoid or limit caffeine intake. It offers a refreshing option for those seeking a beverage without the stimulating effects of caffeine.

Is hibiscus tea good for PCOS?

Hibiscus tea may be beneficial for individuals with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) as it could potentially help regulate blood pressure and manage insulin resistance. However, individual responses vary, and consulting with a healthcare professional for personalised advice is recommended for those with PCOS.

Is hibiscus tea good for hair growth?

While hibiscus tea is rich in antioxidants that may promote scalp health, scientific evidence on its direct impact on hair growth is limited. For optimal hair growth, it’s crucial to maintain a well-balanced diet and consider consulting with a healthcare professional for personalized advice.

Can I drink hibiscus tea in the morning?

Absolutely, you can enjoy hibiscus tea in the morning. Its caffeine-free nature makes it a refreshing and suitable beverage to start your day, offering a burst of flavour without the stimulating effects of caffeine.

Can I drink hibiscus tea while breastfeeding?

While hibiscus tea is generally considered safe, breastfeeding individuals should consume it in moderation due to limited research on its effects during lactation. It’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before including hibiscus tea in your diet while breastfeeding.

Can I drink hibiscus tea on an empty stomach?

Certainly, drinking hibiscus tea on an empty stomach is generally fine for most people. However, individual reactions vary, so it’s wise to monitor how your body responds. If you experience any discomfort, consider consulting with a healthcare professional for personalised advice.

Can you eat hibiscus tea leaves?

Consuming hibiscus tea leaves is generally not recommended, as they can be tough and have a strong, concentrated flavour. If you’re considering incorporating hibiscus into your diet, it’s advisable to seek guidance from a healthcare professional to ensure safe and suitable consumption.

Can I drink hibiscus tea while fasting?

Yes, you can drink hibiscus tea while fasting. Its lack of calories and potential health benefits make it a suitable beverage during fasting periods. However, individual responses vary, so it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have specific health concerns or conditions.

Is hibiscus tea good for gut health?

Hibiscus tea may support gut health due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, individual reactions vary, and it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice on incorporating hibiscus tea for gut health.

What does hibiscus tea taste like?

Hibiscus tea boasts a unique flavour profile characterised by its tart and slightly fruity notes. Its vibrant crimson hue complements its refreshing taste, offering a delightful balance of sweetness and acidity.

Is hibiscus tea good for skin?

Hibiscus tea is considered beneficial for the skin due to its antioxidant-rich composition, potentially supporting a healthy complexion and combating free radicals. However, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice on integrating hibiscus tea into your skincare routine.

Is hibiscus tea good for fatty liver?

Hibiscus tea benefits may include supporting a fatty liver as it has been linked to liver health support and lipid metabolism. Nevertheless, it’s crucial to seek guidance from a healthcare professional for personalised advice tailored to individual health conditions and needs.

 Is hibiscus tea good for the thyroid?

While hibiscus tea is generally considered safe, excessive consumption may interfere with thyroid function due to its iodine content. It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice, especially if you have thyroid issues, to ensure it aligns with your specific health needs.

Can hibiscus tea be taken at night?

Yes, hibiscus tea can be consumed at night. It is caffeine-free and may promote relaxation, making it a suitable choice before bedtime. However, individual responses may vary, so it’s advisable to monitor how your body reacts to it.

Can hibiscus tea irritate the bladder?

Hibiscus tea is mildly acidic and may potentially irritate the bladder in some individuals. If you have a history of bladder issues, it’s recommended to monitor your body’s response and consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice.

Can hibiscus tea make you sleepy?

Hibiscus tea is caffeine-free and contains compounds that may have a mild sedative effect, potentially promoting relaxation and aiding in sleep. However, individual responses vary, so it’s advisable to observe how your body reacts and consider consulting with a healthcare professional for personalised guidance.

Can hibiscus tea cause bleeding?

While hibiscus tea is generally safe, it contains compounds that may have mild anticoagulant effects. Consuming large amounts could potentially contribute to bleeding issues, so individuals on blood-thinning medications or with bleeding disorders should consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating it into their diet.

How to make hibiscus tea at home?

To make hibiscus tea, take 2 teaspoons of dried hibiscus petals (or 2–3 fresh petals) in 1 cup of hot water for 5–10 minutes. Strain and enjoy warm or chilled.

References

  1. Singh P, Khan M, Hailemariam H. Nutritional and health importance of Hibiscus sabdariffa: a review and indication for research needs. J. Nutr. Health Food Eng. 2017;6(5):00212. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pragya-Singh-24/publication/319999247_Nutritional_and_Health_Importance_of_Hibiscus_Sabdariffa_A_Review_and_Indication_for_Research_Needs/links/59c64a92458515548f326de6/Nutritional-and-Health-Importance-of-Hibiscus-Sabdariffa-A-Review-and-Indication-for-Research-Needs.pdf 
  2. Beverages, tea, hibiscus, brewed [Internet]. FoodData Central. [cited 2022Nov28]. Available from: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/171946/nutrients 
  3. Jamrozik D, Borymska W, Kaczmarczyk-Żebrowska I. Hibiscus sabdariffa in Diabetes Prevention and Treatment—Does It Work? An Evidence-Based Review. Foods. 2022 Jul 19;11(14):2134. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/14/2134/pdf 
  4. McKay DL, Chen CY-O, Saltzman E, Blumberg JB. Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. tea (Tisane) lowers blood pressure in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults. Journal of Nutrition. 2009 [cited 2025 May 19]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20018807/ 
  5. Sanadheera S, Subasinghe D, Solangaarachchi MN, Suraweera M, Suraweera NY, Tharangika N. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.(red Hibiscus) Tea, Can It Be Used as A Home-Remedy to Control Diabetes and Hypercholesterolemia?. Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry. 2021 Jul 27;10(1):59-65. Available from: https://www.sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/126 
  6. Raduan SZ, Abdul Aziz MW, Roslida AH, Zakaria ZA, Zuraini A, Hakim MN. Anti-inflammatory effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. alba ethanol extracts. International journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. 2013;5(4):754-62. Available from: https://ir.unimas.my/11330/1/7844.pdf 
  7. Alarcon-Aguilar FJ, Zamilpa A, Perez-Garcia MD, Almanza-Perez JC, Romero-Nunez E, Campos-Sepulveda EA, Vazquez-Carrillo LI, Roman-Ramos R. Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on obesity in MSG mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2007 Oct 8;114(1):66-71. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874107003637 
  8. Lin HH, Chan KC, Sheu JY, Hsuan SW, Wang CJ, Chen JH. Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf induces apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Food Chemistry. 2012 May 15;132(2):880-91. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814611016396 
  1. Hibiscus Sabdariffa: Medlineplus supplements [Internet]. MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine; [cited 2022Nov28]. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/211.html 
  2. Alharbi AE, AlHussaini AM, Alshami I. A comprehensive review of the antimicrobial effects of hibiscus species. Cureus. 2024 [cited 2025 May 19]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11619808/ 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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