How do osteoporosis medications help strengthen bones and reduce fracture risk?

Osteoporosis medications work by either slowing down bone breakdown or stimulating new bone formation. Antiresorptive medicines, such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, reduce bone loss and help maintain bone density. Bone-building medicines, such as teriparatide and romosozumab, encourage the formation of new bone. Together with adequate calcium, vitamin D, and regular weight-bearing exercise, these treatments help reduce the risk of fractures.