Chirata – Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions and More!
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By Dr Rajeev Singh +2 more
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Swertia Chirayita, also known as Chirata is a herb that is traditionally used to treat a variety of conditions like malaria, diabetes, and liver disorders.
This herb is widely distributed in the temperate Himalayas, between Kashmir to Bhutan. Swertia Chirayita is an annual, erect plant that has a height of about 0.5 to 1.5 meters. It consists of a long erect stem that is covered by a bark. The leaves are opposite, lanceolate, and do not contain any stalks. Swertia Chirayita has several small dark yellowish-flowers with white to pink hair-like sharp-pointed fruits. 1
Chirata contains several compounds that contribute to its medicinal value. The compounds include Xanthones, alkaloids, and glycosides. They also consist of ophelic acid, chiratin, steric acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. Swertanone, amarogenin, and chiratol are other important components present in Chirata. 3
Chirata has been used by different native population groups in several ways for various purposes. Chirata is used in Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha medicine to cure various health conditions.4,5
Chirata is a plant with high potential value that may helpful in several ailments.2
Chirata may be helpful in various problems related to the digestive system like gastritis, indigestion (upset stomach), gas accumulation in the stomach, bloating, heartburn and stomach pain. It also contains laxative properties and is helpful in constipation. It is also effective in treating diarrhea. 6 However, studies available are insufficient to validate these effects of chirata. Therefore, we require more human studies to suggest the benefits of chirata in managing digestion-related problems.
Chirata may help to reduce body temperature in fever. The effect of Chirata for fever may be comparable to that of paracetamol. 7 However you must consult a qualified doctor if you have fever as it may be sign of some underlying condition.
Chirata plant can be made into a paste and this paste may be used to treat skin diseases like eczema and acne. The decoction obtained from Chirata may help cure skin rashes. Chirata may also be effective for burning sensations, dryness, and itchy skin. 8 It is however, best to consult a dermatologist for their opinion before applying anything on your skin.
Also Read: 16 Home Remedies for Glowing Skin
Based on my experience, I have observed that a combination of chirayita and sunthi might be effective in tackling chronic oedema, which is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the body tissues. The mixture is prepared using punarnava decoction, which aids in reducing oedema.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, BAMS, MD (Ayu)
Chirata may contain anti-parasitic properties which may help eliminate helminths (parasitic worms) and other parasites. This plant may help eradicate roundworms, flukes, and tapeworms. Chirata may also relieve symptoms associated with worm infections like diarrhea and liver diseases. 9 Consult your doctor for treatment and advice for worm infestation.
Chirata produces a metabolite called Swertiamartin which is used in the treatment of acute stress and anxiety due to its effect on the central nervous system. It is also effective in convulsions. This may indicate the effectiveness of Chirata for these conditions, but the studies available seem insufficient thus, consult a qualified doctor if you have conditions like stress, convulsions and axiety.10
Over the years, I have learned that S. chirata might possess hemagglutination activity at higher concentrations, which may cause mild protein denaturation. I have also noticed that this herb has blood purifying properties and may have the potential to dissolve blood clots. These effects could be attributed to the interaction between certain compounds in S. chirata and proteins in the blood.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Chirata is effective in lowering blood sugar levels by stimulating insulin release and increasing the uptake of glucose by muscle cells. 10
Also Read: 45 Food Items That Can Help Lower Blood Sugar Levels
Though there are studies that show the potential uses of chirata in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of chirata on human health.
Chirata is available in three forms:
You may consult your Ayurvedic physician for the form and dosage. In addition, we advise you to not replace or quit your current medications with any herbal preparations made from chirata without talking to a physician or an Ayurvedic doctor.
No major side effects are observed when Chirata is taken as a flavoring agent in foods. However, there is insufficient information to know if Chirata is safe when used in large amounts.2 Therefore, if you experience any side effects and allergic reaction against chirata, seek immediate medical help from your doctor who has prescribed it to you. They will be the best guide for providing proper treatment to overcome side effects.
Chirata is unsafe to use in the following medical conditions:5
Interaction with Diabetic Medications: These medications are used to lower blood sugar levels. Chirata might also result in lower blood sugar levels. Taking Chirata with these medications might result in further lower blood sugar levels. Some diabetic medications include glimepiride, insulin, glyburide, chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, glipizide, etc.5
Also Read: Psyllium Husk (Isabgol): Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Hence, one should consult a doctor and disclose all ongoing medications before taking chirata if they take any other drug or supplement.
The herb is being used in Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh due to its wide range of potential health benefits.10
Chirata is known by different names like Bhunimba, bitter stick, Chiaravata, Chiraita, Anaryatikta, Chirayta, East Indian Balmony, Gentiana Chirata, Indian Bolonong, Indian Gentian, Kirata, Swertia Chirayita, Kairata, Chiaravata, and Chitetta.2
Some important formulations of Chirata include Ma’joon Juzaam, Jawaarish Jalinus, Roghan-e- Kalan, Roghan-e- Suranjan, Sharbat-e- Bazoori Mo’atadil, and Arq-e- Murakkab Musaffi-e- Khun.11
The dried part of the herb or the whole plant is used for its benefical purposes.11
Chirata contains a compound called methanol which may stimulate weight loss by boosting body metabolism. Thus it may have some beneficial effects for people who want to loose weight. You must consult a nutritionist for better weight loss guidance.12
Chirata may stimulate the digestive system. It may help with disturbances in nutrition and stabilize the metabolic system. Hence, it can be used as an appetizer.12 However, consult an Ayurvedic physician if you plan to consume chirata as an appetizer.
Chirata may show blood purifying properties and it may thus aid in the quick relief of anemia symptoms.12
The extracts of Chirata can be used with honey to relieve both vomiting and hiccups.12
Also Read: Shikakai – Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More
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