Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) is one of the longest and largest lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. It belongs to the South American tree family Lecythidaceae. The tree is the only species under the monotypic genus Bertholletia and is named after the French chemist Claude Louis Berthollet.
The fruit and the nutshell containing the Brazil nut are quite large and weigh about 2 kg. Brazil nuts are full of micronutrients, especially selenium. The fruit takes approximately 14 months to mature after being pollinated by flowers. The fruit forms a large capsule about 10-15 cm in diameter. The shell is woody and hard and comprises 4-24 seeds arranged like the segments of the orange fruit in the shape of a wedge.
Brazil nuts contain about 3% water, 12% carbohydrates, 14% protein and 66% fat. Out of this fat percentage, about 16% is saturated, 24% polyunsaturated and 24% monounsaturated. Brazil nuts are a rich source of the mineral selenium, which is packed with antioxidant characteristics. Selenium has an important role to play with respect to immune health, metabolism and reproduction.
| Nutrient | Value |
| Protein | 4.1 grams |
| Calories | 187 |
| Fat | 19 grams |
| Carbohydrates | 3.3 grams |
| Fibre | 2.1 grams |
| Selenium | 989 % DV (daily value) |
| Copper | 55 % DV |
| Phosphorus | 16% DV |
| Magnesium | 25% DV |
| Zinc | 10% DV |
| Manganese | 15% DV |
| Vitamin E | 11% DV |
| Thiamine | 15% DV |
The above table lists the nutritional profile of 28 grams of Brazil nuts
In my experience, selenium-rich foods like Brazil nuts may aid in lowering blood sugar levels in humans. According to research, consuming one Brazil nut per day may reduce fasting blood sugar and total cholesterol in healthy people.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, MD
Brazil nut provides the following benefits for human health.
The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland that lies in the throat. It secretes hormones that are responsible for metabolism, body temperature regulation and growth. Thyroid tissue has a high concentration of selenium which is important for the production of thyroid hormone and proteins that safeguard damage to the thyroid.
Low selenium intake can cause cellular damage, autoimmune disorders such as Grave’s disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and lowered thyroid activity. It can also put an individual at risk of thyroid cancer. According to experts, daily consumption of one Brazil nut is sufficient to give you the required selenium quantity.
Brazil nuts are good sources of antioxidants that keep cells healthy by fighting free radical damage. Brazil nuts contain antioxidants such as vitamin E and selenium and phenols such as ellagic acid and gallic acid.
Selenium increases enzyme levels known as glutathione peroxidase, which plays a role in reducing inflammation and protecting the body from oxidative stress. If this process is not done, then there can be an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants that can cause cellular damage. The anti-inflammatory benefits of Brazil nuts can be obtained in large, singular doses or several tiny doses over a greater period of time.
Like most nuts, Brazil nuts also contain heart-healthy fatty acids, for example, polyunsaturated fats. They are rich in minerals, fibre and antioxidants which help to reduce the risks associated with heart diseases.
In a study conducted with a group of people suffering from obesity along with selenium deficiency and undergoing kidney disease treatment, it was found that consuming Brazil nuts containing about 290 mcg of selenium regularly for 8 weeks reduced high levels of cholesterol levels.
It has been found that foods that are abundant in selenium can help better a person’s blood sugar levels. Eating one Brazil nut a day for 8 weeks could lower fasting glucose levels and total cholesterol in adults who were diagnosed to be healthy.
Brazil nuts contain antioxidants which can help to keep the brain functioning at optimum levels. The importance of antioxidants cannot be undermined as experts have established a direct link between lower antioxidants in the body with cognitive impairment and other degenerative diseases of the brain, such as Alzheimer’s.
A trial conducted with a small group of people found that eating one Brazil nut a day for six months straight showed positive effects on cognitive functions in adults.
Magnesium and calcium, which are both essential for strong bones, are found in Brazil nuts. Magnesium is crucial for bone development. Researchers believe that bone density may increase with increased magnesium intake.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Brazil nuts can be consumed as
Consuming too many Brazil nuts can be harmful to your health. Brazil nuts are high in calories and it is counter-effective if you are trying to stay in shape. Eating too many nuts can lead you to over-exceed your recommended daily calorie intake.
Additionally, a study revealed that Brazil nuts were capable of causing nut allergies in people. Another negative factor of Brazil nuts is that consuming too much can lead to selenium toxicity. Selenium toxicity can trigger a variety of symptoms such as:
Some severe symptoms of Selenium Toxicity are as follows:
Although Brazil nuts are a potent source of selenium which contributes to most health benefits, consuming too many nuts can lead to selenium toxicity which can cause mild to severe symptoms. Therefore, it is advised that you consult a doctor or a nutritionist about the ideal daily intake with respect to your age, weight and height.
Also Read: Pili Nuts: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Ans: You can either consume Brazil nuts on their own or add them to trail mix, desserts, oatmeal and porridge.
Ans: The best time to consume these nuts is during breakfast as they can help regulate blood pressure and minimise fatigue.
Ans: Selenium deficiency can impact reproduction and human growth. Mild deficiency can lead to muscle weakness. Low selenium in the body has been found to cause anxiety, depression and a state of confusion.
Ans: One should not consume more than two Brazil nuts a day. Too much consumption can lead to selenium toxicity which can have serious consequences for one’s health. Additionally, Brazil nuts are very energy dense and high in fat, so eating too many daily may lead to weight gain.
Ans: Yes, Brazil nuts have anti-inflammatory properties and this can help manage conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and certain cancer types.
Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.
The past few decades have witnessed an increased interest in using passion fruit for human consumption because of its juiciness, nutritional value and health benefits. The scientific name of passion fruit is Passiflora edulis, which belongs to the family Passifloraceae. There are nearly 500 species in this family, and more than 50 are edible. However, only two varieties P. edulis (purple passion fruit) and P.flavicarpa (yellow passion fruit) are commercially grown. P.edulis is juicy, has a rich flavour and is less acidic than P.flavicarpa. Passion fruit is also known as “love fruit”, “the king of fruits”, “fruit lover” and “maracuja”. Passion fruit makes cakes, jams, jellies, tea, vine and other beverages. Used as a traditional medicine to help treat constipation, dysentery, dysmenorrhea, cough and insomnia, there are a variety of passion fruit benefits. Let us know more about the benefits that one can reap from the purple variety of passion fruit (P.edulis).1
Passion fruit contains various nutritional components that are given as follows. They are rich in a variety of compounds including vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre and antioxidants.
| Nutritional components | Value per 100 g |
| Total fat | 0.7 g |
| Total sugars | 11 g |
| Total protein | 2.2 g |
| Dietary fibre | 10 g |
| Calories | 97 kcal |
| Iron | 1.6 mg |
| Calcium | 12 mg |
| Potassium | 348 mg |
Table 1 shows nutritional value of passion fruit2
Scientific literature has found that passion fruit shows numerous properties as those mentioned below:3
Some of the potential benefits of passion fruit are described as follows:
Passion fruit is rich in piceatannol, a molecule with promising anticarcinogenic properties. Yamamoto et al. conducted a study in 2019 to assess the effect of piceatannol-rich passion fruit seed extract on cancer cell growth. The study was conducted on human cell lines, where results showed passion fruit seed extract had a positive impact on cancer treatment. This may indicate that the consumption of passion fruit may help against cancers. However, more human studies to support these claims are needed.4
Passion fruit (Krishnabija) is a folk medicine for managing high blood pressure. Sherma et al. conducted a study in 2007 to assess the effects of purple passion fruit on high blood pressure. The study was conducted on female hypertensive rats, who were supplemented with passion fruit peel extract at 50 mg/kg. In addition, this study was extended to humans who received passion fruit peel extract at 400 mg/d. This study’s results suggested that the consumption of passion fruit peel extract showed a reduction in blood pressure which was attributed due to a decrease in serum nitric oxide. This may indicate that consuming passion fruit may help manage blood pressure. However, more human studies are required to ascertain these claims.5
Vitamin A produces rhodopsin, which helps the eyes adjust to dark light and improves dim light vision. Passion fruit, rich in Vitamin A, may help improve vision. However, no human studies have been conducted yet to support these claims.6
Fungal infections include skin diseases like ringworm, candidiasis, athlete’s foot, etc. caused by various fungi. Passion fruit contains passiflin (Pe-AFP1), a dimeric protein with antifungal properties. This protein shows antifungal action against many filamentous fungi. Therefore, there is a possibility that the consumption of passion fruit can help manage fungal infections. Even so, we need more human studies to support these claims.6
A diet rich in fibre can help aid the digestion process and can relieve constipation. Passion fruit is rich in soluble and insoluble fibre. Insoluble dietary fibre is known to improve bowel motility and prevent constipation. Thus, it may indicate that consuming passion fruit may help manage constipation. However, there is a lack of studies that support these claims.6
Asthma is characterised by the inflammation and narrowing of airways which can impair the normal breathing process. Passion fruit may help provide symptomatic relief for cough, shortness of breath and wheezing in asthma. Watson et al. conducted a study in 2008 to assess the effect of oral administration of 150mg/d of purple passion fruit peel extract in asthma patients for four weeks. The results of this study showed that the patients’ consumption of passion fruit improved the forced vital capacity and reduced cough, wheezing and shortness of breath. This indicates that the consumption of passion fruit may help in managing asthma. However, more studies are needed to support these claims and assess the safety and efficacy of passion fruit.7
Though there are studies that show the benefits of passion fruit in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Passion fruit on human health.
Based on some studies, I found something pretty cool. Piceatannol from passion fruit may have some cool health benefits for overweight men. It might improve their insulin levels, sensitivity, blood pressure, and even heart rate. However, more research is needed to find its effects on others.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Passion fruit can be used in the following ways:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
I believe that passion fruit is not only delicious but takes care of your beauty concerns too. It has polyphenols that may be great for your skin. Based on research, it was seen that the seed extract has the highest concentration of polyphenols and antioxidant activity. It might help reduce melanin production and increase collagen, making your skin healthier.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
A few passion fruit side effects related to its consumption include:
However, if you experience any adverse reactions to passion fruit, immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms.
I’ve got a recommendation if you’re looking for a tasty way to boost your immune system and possibly fight inflammation. Yes, Passion fruit. This amazing fruit is packed with vitamin C, which might do wonders for your immune health. Plus, it’s delicious!
Dr. Smita barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Also Read: Longan: Research on Its Health Benefits and Nutritional Value
Eating passion fruit is okay if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the following conditions:
No significant interaction has been reported with passion fruit, but you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of passion fruit with other drugs, and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking.
The scientific name of Passion fruit is Passiflora edulis, which belongs to the family Passifloraceae.1
Human cell line studies support the use of the seed extract of passion fruit for preventing cancers. However, more studies are needed to claim these effects. Thus, it is recommended to consult a doctor for proper treatment.4
Passion fruit is also known as the “love fruit”.1
Yes. As passion fruit is rich in dietary fibres which aid in digestion, and therefore can improve bowel defecation. However, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper treatment and not consider the consumption of passion fruit as an alternative to modern medicine.
Consumption of passion fruit in excess can cause short-term gastrointestinal disorders and allergies in sensitive individuals.8
References:
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Licorice, scientifically known as Glycyrrhiza glabra, is one of the most popular medicinal plants belonging to the Fabaceae family.1 It is a perennial herb grown in temperate zones. The plant parts used are runners and roots, which are collected in the fall season. The medicinal use of licorice in western and eastern cultures dates back thousands of years, it is also one of the most common ingredients in Chinese medicine.2 The name Glycyrrhiza is derived from the Greek terms ‘glykos’, meaning sweet, and ‘rhiza’, meaning root. It is native to the Mediterranean region and grown in India, China, Spain, Iran, Russia and Italy.3 Licorice is also known as, Jothi-madh and Mulaithi (Hindi), Licorice, Liqourices, and Sweet wood (English), and Licorice, Liqourices, and Sweet wood (Sanskrit).
Did you know?
Licorice is the source of polysaccharides, simple sugars, proteins, amino acids, and mineral salts like calcium, sodium, potassium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorous, magnesium, manganese, silicon, and selenium. It also contains vitamins like B1, B2, B3, B5, E and C. Pectins, starches, resins, and gums.1
The chief constituent of the roots is glycyrrhizin, a triterpenoid saponins 50 times sweeter than sucrose.1
I have great news for those suffering from indigestion problems! A study found that the root extract of licorice might be a natural and effective remedy for indigestion. It may reduce symptoms, improves individual discomforts, and boosts quality of life.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Also Read: Ashwagandha: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Properties of Licorice
The properties of licorice are given as follows.
Also Read: Shilajit: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
I would suggest licorice if you’re looking for a natural solution to keep your pearly whites healthy! It may have some incredible benefits for your oral and dental health. Yep, it’s true! Studies have shown that licorice and its powerful components are super effective against common oral problems such as cavities and gum diseases.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, there are many potential mulethi benefits and uses associated with licorice root extract.4 Potential uses of licorice against some health conditions are given below.
The potential use of licorice in different cancers has been observed in lab-scale studies. However, more research is required to support the use of licorice against human cancer. Therefore, you are advised to strictly adhere to the doctor’s advice and treatment.
Cervical cancer is prevalent cancer in women. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid compound present in licorice. In cell line studies, ISL therapy reduced cancer cell growth and enhanced apoptosis (cell death). Thus, ISL may be used for its anticancer property.4
Globally, breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women. ISL could suppress the development of breast cancer during trial. ISL increased apoptosis of cancer cells and inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2/vascular endothelial growth factor, which are proteins active in cancer cells.4 Therefore, ISL may show potential use in breast cancer.
ISL has shown many anticancer benefits in liver cancer in adults. It showed chemoprotective benefits in an animal model. It also lowered the risk of liver cancer. The antioxidant activity of ISL reduced the oxidative stress caused due to cancer cells. It also stopped the growth of cancer cells.4 ISL may have potential use in liver cancer.
Administering licorice extract showed a significant reduction of tumour development in colon cancer cells in an animal trial. Licorice extract may be used as a chemoprotective agent to manage colon cancer.4 Therefore, ISL has shown potential use in colon cancer.
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ISL has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, due to which it was able to reduce the inflammatory cells in an animal study. Licorice might be explored as a potential remedy for obstructive respiratory diseases.4 However, if you experience any respiratory problems, you must contact your healthcare provider immediately.
I came across a study that showed the protective effects of licorice extract in the kidneys of diabetic rats. It suggested that it may help improve blood glucose levels and reduce kidney damage. Although licorice extract may be a natural super-hero for diabetes and kidney health, its effects on humans still need to be investigated.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Glycyrrhizin found in licorice root has shown liver-protective potential in viral hepatitis. Japan and China have developed glycyrrhizin as a liver protective medicine. The anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties of glycyrrhetinic acid, a compound found in licorice, may provide liver-protective benefits.4 However, if you are suffering from liver problems, reach out to your healthcare provider immediately and get a proper diagnosis.
Many laboratory studies suggest that licorice extract might be a potential agent against bacterial infection. During trials, liquorice extract has shown promising results against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus infections.4 However, infections require a medical diagnosis and treatment. If you experience any signs of infection, contact your healthcare provider before using licorice.
In my opinion, licorice root extract might just be your secret weapon against hot flashes. Licorice root extract shows promise for ladies going through menopause. It might act as a natural remedy for managing hot flashes.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Inflammatory illnesses are becoming common and have a significant impact on daily life. Flavonoids found in licorice may be used as a potential medication for inflammation. Licorice extract has anti-inflammatory properties in managing various diseases, like acute kidney disease. ISL has shown anti-inflammatory activities in kidneys.4 More research is needed to support the use of licorice in inflammatory conditions in humans. Therefore, talk to your healthcare provider and get a proper diagnosis.
Glycyrrhetinic acid may help manage eczema, contact and allergic dermatitis, and psoriasis. It may exert an effect like that of hydrocortisone. It might also be used to enhance the effects of topically applied hydrocortisone by stopping the enzyme responsible for destroying the activity of hydrocortisone.2 However, do not use licorice as an alternative to modern medicine unless recommended by your doctor.
Potential uses of licorice in herpes simplex
As per clinical studies, glycyrrhetinic acid may reduce the healing time and pain related to cold sores and genital herpes. Also, glycyrrhizin could inactivate Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV 1) irreversibly during a trial. HSV 1 is the pathogen responsible for Herpes Simplex infection.2 However, if you notice any signs of cold sores on the skin, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Using any herbal remedy without consulting your healthcare provider can worsen the situation.
Glabrene and ISL are components found in licorice. These compounds may stop the enzyme tyrosinase, which is the key enzyme involved in melanin formation. Skin disorders like melasma and age spots arise due to the accumulation of melanin. Glabrene and ISL may be helpful as skin-lightening agents.2 However, do not use any herb or remedy on your skin without talking to a skin doctor first.
Though there are studies showing the benefits of licorice in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of licorice on human health.
Also Read: Lemongrass: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Roots and rhizomes of licorice can be used in the form of:
Your Ayurvedic physician will prescribe the form and dose as per your requirement.
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking licorice or any herbal supplements. Likewise, do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Also Read: Benefits of Gargling Salt Water: A Research-Backed Oral Health Guide
Licorice is the word for mulethi in English. Potential mulethi side effects are shared below.
Before using licorice or any herbal remedy, you are advised to talk to your healthcare provider about the possible side effects associated with its use. It will help you avoid side effects.
Also Read: Black Cohosh: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!
Here are some general precautions you need to take with licorice.
Also, before using licorice for any health condition, you are advised to consult your doctor about the possible precautions associated with licorice.
Licorice root extract inhibits a major human drug-metabolising enzyme called the P450 enzyme. Therefore, it may increase the effects of drugs metabolised by the P450 enzyme.2
Also, if you are taking medicines for any health conditions, make sure you talk to your healthcare provider about the possible interactions of the drug with other herbs and medications.
Also Read: Nagarmotha: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
The plant Glycyrrhiza glabra is commonly known as licorice. It belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is a medicinal plant.3
Licorice is called Atimaduram in Tamil.3
Licorice use should be avoided during pregnancy due to insufficient data available regarding its safe use.5 Consult your healthcare provider before using any herbal remedy.
Licorice root is used as a flavouring agent for chewing gums, candies, baked goods, ice creams, and even soft drinks. The use of licorice extract and glycyrrhizin in foods has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Association, the Council of Europe, and the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.1
Glycyrrhetinic acid may help manage eczema, contact and allergic dermatitis, and psoriasis. In addition, Glabrene and isoliquiritigenin found in licorice might be helpful in skin disorders like melasma and age spots that arise due to the accumulation of melanin. Glabrene and isoliquiritigenin may also be useful skin-lightening agents.2 however, before using any herb on your face or skin, you are advised to talk to your skin doctor.
Licorice might be used as a demulcent for sore throat. Licorice powder, as well as extract, may be used for managing sore throat.3 however, if your symptoms don’t improve, talk to your healthcare provider.
Glycyrrhizin, the main constituent of licorice root, is 50 times sweeter than sucrose. Therefore, it can be used as a sweetener.1
1. Pastorino G, Cornara L, Soares S, Rodrigues F, Oliveira MBPP. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy Research [Internet]. 2018 Dec 1 [cited 2022 Mar 15];32(12):2323. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167772/#:~:text=Pharmacological%20experiments%20have%20demonstrated%20that,studies%20have%20reported%20some%20concerns.
2. Murray MT. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice). Textbook of Natural Medicine [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 15];641. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7348626/
3. Sharma V, Katiyar A, Agrawal RC. Glycyrrhiza glabra: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activity. Sweeteners [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022 Mar 15];87. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7124151/#:~:text=The%20chemical%20composition%20of%20G,%2Dinflammatory%2C%20antidiabetic%2C%20etc.
4. Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, Das G, Ahmad W, Ahmad MF, et al. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) [Internet]. 2021 Dec 1 [cited 2022 Mar 15];10(12). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34961221/ 5. Licorice Root – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. [cited 2022 Mar 15]. Available from: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=19&contentid=Licorice
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Sitopaladi churna is an Ayurvedic preparation used for digestive problems and various respiratory issues. Sitopaladi churna helps balance the kapha and pitta doshas. It is made from ingredients like cardamom (elaichi), cinnamon (twak), bamboo (vanshlochan), long pepper (pippali), and sugar candy (khandasharkara).
All these ingredients are cleaned and crushed to obtain a fine powder. The powder is then filtered to remove any coarse particles. Sitopaladi churna has a madhura (sweet) and katu rasa (bitter taste). This churna may help to eliminate ama (harmful toxins) out of the body. 1
The quantity of ingredients in sitopaladi churna is: 2
| 1 | Khandasharkara | 40 grams |
| 2 | Ela | 10 grams |
| 3 | Twak | 5 grams |
| 4 | Vanshlochan | 30 grams |
| 5 | Pippali | 15 grams |
The inorganic elements present in sitopaladi churna are calcium, sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium, sulfate, phosphate, carbonate, nitrate, and chloride. The organic elements present in sitopaladi churna are carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. 2
Did you know?
The various beneficial properties of sitopaladi churna may include: 3
I would suggest sitopaladi churna in allergic disorders. There’s an important chemical called piperine found in the sitopaladi formulation. Owing to its capacity to stabilise mast cells, sitopaladi churna may be a justified treatment for allergic disorders.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Sitopaladi churna contains expectorant properties that may help expel mucous from the airways. According to Ayurveda, cough is grouped into five categories: vata (dry cough that produces some mucous), pitta (cough that produces moderate and sticky mucous), ksataja (cough that occurs due to chest injury), and ksaya (cough that occurs due to tuberculosis-like chronic diseases).
Sitopaladi churna may be an helpful for all these types of coughs. It may be taken with honey, ghee, water, or other herbal medications. Sitopaladi churna may help with cough by acting on the central nervous system.3 However these effects of sitopaladi churna may need further studies.
Sitopaladi churna contains deepan (appetizing) and pachan (digestive) properties that may help to enhance digestion. It also contains carminative properties that might be helpful in gas accumulation and bloating.3 The studies seem insufficient to validate these claims, therfore consult an ayurvedic physician before taking sitopaladi churna for its effect on digestion.
The immune system in people with allergies responds to allergens like dust, pollen, dander, etc. by releasing a substance called histamine. Due to this, the person might experience symptoms like watery eyes or a running nose. Sitopaladi churna contains antihistaminic properties and might protect you from allergies.4 You must visit a doctor immediately for relief in case of any allergic reactions.
The digestive enzyme amylase has to break down complex carbohydrates before they are absorbed. Carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars and enter the blood leading to an increase in blood sugar levels. Sitopaladi churna may show α-amylase inhibition properties. This property might help prevent the body from absorbing these carbohydrates and prevents a spike in blood sugar after meals.3 Diabetes is a major health condition and requires appropriate diagnosis and treatment from a professional doctor. Therefore, human trials of Sitopaladi churna are necessary to provide its potential usage for managing blood sugar levels in humans.
Anaemia can lead to shortness of breath, dizziness, tiredness, and irritability. The most common cause of anaemia is iron deficiency. Sitopaladi churna may help increase iron absorption by the body and thus helps in nutritional anaemia.3 Further studies are needed to establish the claim of effect of sitopaladi churna for anaemia .
Also Read: 7 Home Remedies for Anaemia
Sitopaladi churna combined with other herbal medications, along with modified diet and lifestyle modifications like 8 hours of proper sleep, 30-60 min of morning or evening walk, and abstaining from smoking and drinking proved to be effective in the management of migraine. 5 However these claims need further studies, you must consult a doctor for proper advice on migraines.
Sitopaladi churna may be helpful in conditions like fever related to flu, cold, chest congestion, pneumonia, tuberculosis, bronchitis, and other respiratory illnesses. This herbal preparation may help control respiratory infections due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. 2 However, the respiratory conditions may need medical supervision and diagnosis. Consult a qualified doctor for treatment of any respiratory condition.
Vocal nodules occur due to abuse or misuse of the vocal cords. Some professions require high-volume speech. This might lead to the formation of vocal nodules. Sitopaladi churna along with other herbal formulations may be used for managing vocal nodules. Studies show that it may give some relief from the symptoms and the person can regain their original voice.6 But consult a doctor for advice before consuming sitopaladi churna on your own.
Though there are studies showing the benefits of sitopaladi churna in various conditions, these are insufficient. There is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of sitopaladi churna on human health. Furthermore, every person may respond differently to these herbs. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor before using sitopaladi churna for any medical condition.
In my opinion, when we combine the herbal product from Bambusa arundinacea found in sitopaldi churna with other medicines, it might create a powerful anti-inflammatory drug. It’s like a dream team for treating chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis with peptic ulcers, which are quite common. This combination may also offer hope for long-term treatment and relief in the said conditions.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Also Read: Ragi – Nutritional Value, Benefits & Side Effects
Sitopaladi churna is available in two forms:
Sitopaladi churna can either be taken with honey, water or ghee. 10 One should always take the advice of an Ayurvedic physician before having sitopaladi churna. In addition, we recommend you do not replace or discontinue your ongoing medications with any ayurvedic or herbal preparations without seeking the medical advice of a qualified doctor. They will guide you with the best form and dosage in which the herb can be used per your health condition.
Also Read: What Does It Mean When You Cough Up Blood: Decoding the Alarming Signs
There is not sufficient evidence for sideeffects of Sitopaladi churna and it may be safe when used by children and pregnant women. It is essential to consult an Ayurvedic physician and take only take prescribed doses.3
Also Read: Multani Mitti – Uses & Benefits
Also Read: Wheatgrass – Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Due to its kapha and vata dosha balancing qualities, sitopaladi churna might be helpful in the management of asthma symptoms. It helps to breathe easily by clearing the air pathways.7, 8 Every person may respond differently to these herbs. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor before using sitopaladi churna for any medical condition.
Intercostal neuralgia is nerve pain right under you’re the ribs. There can be pain in the chest and upper back region. Sitopaladi churna may be helpful in the management of intercostal neuralgia.9 It is however, important to consult a doctor before using sitopaladi churna for any medical condition.
The ingredients of sitopaladi churna are taken separately, crushed well to form a powder, and filtered through a clean cotton cloth. The ingredients are then mixed together to form a uniform mixture and then stored in an air-tight container.10
According to a case report Sitopaladi churna might be helpful in post-covid lung complications due to its affinity towards the respiratory system.11 This may be followed under supervision and guidance of a qualified doctor.
Sitopaladi churna is also known by the names- sitopaladi choorna, sitopaladi choornam, sitopaladi chooran, etc.12
Yes, Sitopaladi Churna’s soothing properties can help ease the discomfort of a sore throat by reducing inflammation and providing relief from irritation. Mixing it with honey and consuming it may be beneficial for a sore throat.
Sitopaladi Churna is typically taken orally with honey or warm water. The dosage and frequency may vary depending on the individual’s age, condition and the Ayurvedic practitioner’s recommendation.
Sitopaladi Churna contains sugar candy, which may impact blood sugar levels. Individuals with diabetes should consult their healthcare provider or an Ayurvedic practitioner before using it and consider alternatives without sugar candy.
Sitopaladi Churna generally has a pleasant taste due to the combination of sweet and aromatic herbs like sugar candy and cardamom. Mixing it with honey or warm water can enhance its taste.
Ayurvedic practitioners often recommend taking Sitopaladi Churna after meals for better absorption and to avoid any potential discomfort on an empty stomach.
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Disclaimer:
The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Mandukaparni, scientifically known as Centella asiatica, is a medicinal herb. It is also known as Jalbramhi or Indian pennywort. Mandukaprni has been used as Ayurvedic medicine in India for thousands of years, and it is mentioned in the historic Indian medical text called ‘Sushruta Samhita’. This plant is found throughout India. It is grown in tropical and subtropical countries like Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, South Africa, Madagascar, South Pacific, and Eastern Europe.1 In addition to the Ayurvedic system of medicine, mandukaparni has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine.2
Mandukaparni contains proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fibres, fats, vitamins A, B, and C; minerals include iron, sodium, potassium, phosphorous, calcium, and magnesium. Mandukaparni also contains phytoconstituents like flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, carotenoids, triterpenoids, and volatile oils.3
Mandukaparni has a wide range of properties like:
Also Read: Saraswatarishta: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Potential uses of mandukaparni against many health conditions are given below.
Several preclinical (animal) studies have demonstrated the wound healing benefits of mandukaparni. It may help in wound healing by promoting skin thickening, cell growth, and tissue regeneration. In addition, Mandukaparni might strengthen newly formed skin, reduce inflammation, and provide antioxidant properties. Antioxidants play an essential role in the wound healing process.1 However, you must consult a healthcare provider if you encounter any wounds. Avoid using any herbs and remedies without a doctor’s consultation.
According to animal studies, mandukaparni was found to show antidepressant properties. Certain compounds called triterpenes present in mandukaparni may be responsible for this activity. Mandukaparni could also increase dopamine levels (neurotransmitters) in the brain. An increase in the levels of dopamine might help deal with depression.1 If you are suffering from any brain condition, you must talk to your healthcare provider. Do not take any for the brain without consulting with your doctor first.
Animal studies of mandukaparni could show a reduction in seizures and improvement in learning deficits caused by seizures. The findings also suggested that mandukaparni might be an adjuvant to anti-seizure drugs, with the benefit of preventing cognitive impairment (trouble in learning, remembering, and concentrating). Leaf extract of mandukaparni has also been shown to have anticonvulsive properties.1 The benefits of mandukaparni against seizures have been observed in animal studies.
Mandukaparni may have some benefits in improving concentration, increasing attention span, and reducing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes Alzheimer’s, and cognitive impairment is caused by free radical generation. Mandukaparni effectively prevented cognitive deficits and oxidative stress during an animal trial. In addition, it may show the potential to boost antioxidant enzymes and protect neurons (nerve cells) from oxidative damage.Therefore, mandukaparni might be used for the management of Alzheimer’s disease.1However, it should not be used as an alternative to medicinal treatment.
More studies are required to support the use of mandukaparni in humans. You must, adhere to the doctor’s advice and treatment for conditions related to brain.
In a lab study, mandukaparni extract effectively prevented alcohol-induced stomach lesions. It could strengthen the stomach mucosal barrier and reduce the damage caused by free radicals. Mandukaparni could also promote stomach ulcer wound healing through its anti-inflammatory properties. The effectiveness of mandukaparni in wound healing has also been proved by clinical studies (human trials).1Therefore, it may be used in managing stomach lesions. However, you need to consult your healthcare provider if you have any stomach problems. Self-medicating with herbs may worsen the condition.
In animal studies, it was shown that mandukaparni extract could provide significant relief from pain and inflammation. It is also revealed that oral administration of mandukaparni could reduce the severity of arthritis. Mandukaparni also prevented joint destruction. In preclinical studies, mandukaparni successfully prevented the onset of arthritis and provided relief from its symptoms.1
Mandukaparni may help manage heart diseases. The main components that might be responsible for these benefits are Asiaticoside and Asiatic acid. Several animal studies have shown that mandukaparni may effectively improve heart conditions like hypertension, atherosclerosis (a thickening of the blood vessel walls caused due to fat deposition), and cardiac ischaemia (deficient blood supply to the heart muscle).4 However, heart diseases are severe health conditions. Therefore, you must strictly adhere to the doctor’s advice and treatment.
According to several lab studies, mandukaparni showed promising results in reducing high blood pressure. This effect of mandukaparni on hypertension may be due to the antihypertensive properties of Asiatic acid.4 However, you are advised not to use mandukaparni as an alternative to medicinal treatment. If you are suffering from high blood pressure, consult your healthcare provider before using herbs for your symptoms.
The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of mandukaparni may be beneficial in various skin conditions like acne, baldness, and atopic dermatitis (skin itching and inflammation). Because of its anti-inflammatory property, it may reduce the inflammation associated with skin conditions. It may also lower oxidative stress through its antioxidant activity.4 If you are suffering from any skin conditions, you need to reach out to a skin doctor and get proper treatment. Avoid using any herbs for your skin without consulting with a doctor first.
Though there are studies showing the benefits of manukaparni in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of mandukaparni on human health.
I want to highlight that the water-based extract of Mandukaparni may have shown beneficial effects in rats. It may help alleviate intestinal spasms caused by barium chloride, reduce spontaneous contractions of the muscles of the intestine, and relax the muscles of the isolated ileum. However, more studies on humans are needed to verify its impact.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Also Read: Munakka: Benefits, Side Effects & Precautions
Various preparations of mandukaparni are available in the market.
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking mandukaparni or any herbal supplements. Likewise, do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Did you know that Mandukaparni is not only great for healing wounds but may also have been recommended for managing various conditions like leprosy, lupus, and varicose ulcers? Yes, from what I have seen, people have found it helpful in managing these problems and often use it as a natural remedy.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
In recommended doses, mandukaparni has no known side effects.
Also, before using mandukaparni for any health benefits, make sure you have consulted your doctor about the possible side effects associated with its use. Then, it will help you make well-informed choices.
An interesting traditional use of Mandukaparni that I’ve come across is its positive effect in dealing with amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) and diseases related to the female genitourinary tract. It seems to have been valued for its potential benefits in addressing these specific health concerns.
Dr. Smita barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Also Read: Anantamul: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
You need to take the following precautions while using mandukaparni.
If you want to use mandukaparni for any disease conditions, you need to talk to your healthcare provider about the possible precautions associated with mandukaparni. It will help you avoid any unwanted health effects.
Also Read: Minoxidil for Hair Growth: A Research-Based Guide to Results and Usage
There are no reported interactions between mandukaparni and other drugs. Because of the varied medicinal activities of mandukaparni, care should be taken when taking it with:
Because high doses of mandukaparni can cause sleep, one should avoid taking this herb with medications that reduce anxiety or promote sleep.
Because mandukaparni has been shown to affect blood glucose levels, it may interact with antidiabetic medications.1
If you are taking medicines for any health conditions, consult your healthcare provider about the possible interactions of your medicines with other herbs and drugs. Doing so will help you avoid unwanted herb-drug interactions.
Also Read: Chitrak: Uses, Benefits, Nutritional Value & More!
Mandukaparni is a herb with numerous medicinal properties that may help manage various health problems. Centella asiatica is the scientific name of this herb.1
Mandukaparni is also known as Gotu kola, Asiatic pennywort, Indian pennywort,
Indian water navelwort, wild violet, Jalbrahmi, and tiger herb.1,2
Mandukaparni may be helpful for vital organs in our body, including the heart, brain, and liver.4 It may also be effective in managing gastric ulcers, arthritis, and wounds.1,4 However, you are advised to consult your healthcare provider before using mandukaparni for these conditions.
Mandukaparni might be beneficial to people who have arthritis. In animal studies, it was found to provide significant relief from pain and inflammation and also reduce the severity of arthritis. Mandukaparni may also be effective in preventing joint destruction.1 Because of these properties, mandukaparni might be helpful in arthritis. Still, it should not be used in place of conventional treatment. Consult your doctor before starting any new therapy for arthritis.
Also Read: Punarnava: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
1. Gohil KJ, Patel JA, Gajjar AK. Pharmacological Review on Centella asiatica: A Potential Herbal Cure-all. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences [Internet]. 2010 Sep [cited 2022 Apr 15];72(5):546. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3116297/
2. Orhan IE. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban: From traditional medicine to modern medicine with neuroprotective potential. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2012 Oct;2012. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22666298/
3. Chandrika UG, Kumara PA. Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica): nutritional Properties and plausible health Benefits. Advances in food and nutrition research [Internet]. 2015 Jan [cited 2022 Apr 15]; 76:125–57. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26602573/
4. Sun B, Wu L, Wu Y, Zhang C, Qin L, Hayashi M, et al. Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and its triterpenes: A review. Frontiers in Pharmacology [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2022 Apr 17];11. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.568032/full
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Babool, also called Acacia arabica, belongs to the family Leguminosae. Babool is a spiny, medium-sized, perennial tree commonly found throughout India.1 The bark of the tree is known as Babur or Babul in Hindi. Today, it is widely known as Gum Arabic as it was imported in large quantities in Arab.2
In India, babool is very commonly found in Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, and other dry regions of the country. Also, the thorny babool tree is seen in the neighbouring Asian countries of Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Burma. It is native to North Africa and commonly seen in Egypt. It is more common in the western states of the peninsula.2
The vernacular names of babool are Babura, Kikar, Babula in Hindi; Kaloabaval, Baval in Gujarati; Babala, Babula in Oriya; Babhula, Babhul in Marathi; Babla in Bengali; Babala in Assamese; Indian gum Arabic tree, babula tree in English; Kari Jail, Kari gobli, Sharmeeruka, Pulai Jali in Kannada; Kikkar in Punjabi; Sak in Kashmiri; Thumma, Nallatumma in Telugu; Karuvel, Karuvelan in Tamil; Velutha Karuvelan in Malayalam; Bavari, Kinkirata in Sanskrit.1
Did you know?
The seeds of babool contain rich amounts of fibre and proteins. Its pods contain more fibre and have a lesser amount of protein as compared to the leaves.3
There are many nutritional benefits of babool, including tannin, alkaloids, a polyphenolic compound, terpenoids, glycosides, and saponins.2
The properties of babool include:
Recent studies suggest that the bark of Babool might be used as a natural dye for clothes. It is believed to bind dyes to the fabrics. This is fantastic news for those who love and enjoy wearing natural fabrics.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Babool might have some potential uses in various conditions. However, more studies are required. Some potential uses of babool are described as follows:
In a study, conducted by Crowch and Okello 2009 stated that babool had inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, may be helpful in managing Alzheimer’s disease.2 However, human studies are required to confirm its effectiveness on Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, it is essential first to consult a doctor and only use babool as a herb for Alzheimer’s.
The water extract and ethyl acetate extract of babool was evaluated for antimalarial activity in an animal model by Malviya et al. 2011, and both exhibited antimalarial activity. The extract of babool was found to have the highest anti-malarial activity against the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.4 However, these studies are done on animals and not on humans. Therefore, we require more information on its safe usage on humans.
Also Read: 10 Simple Home Remedies For Malaria
Babool may have shown anti-ulcer potential when tested on different animal models. The phenolic compounds present in babool might be responsible for the antiulcer activity.2 In another study by Agunua et al. 2005, babool was tested for anti-diarrhoeal activity in animals. Initially, babool showed a relaxation effect followed by a contraction effect in the jejunum (middle part of the small intestine) of the animals. It also showed a 100% reduction from diarrhoeal infection in another animal model.5 Therefore, it might indicate that babool may be beneficial for managing symptoms of diarrhoea.
However, this research is insufficient as these studies are not done on humans. Hence, more studies on humans are required to suggest the potential use of babool for digestion. Therefore, it is essential to first speak with your doctors and only use babool as a medicine.
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Studies have seen the blood glucose lowering activity of babool extract, in an animal model studied by Kharya et al. 2010. The results showed that the babool extract might have a blood glucose lowering effect. It exhibited a reduction in blood glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol.2 This means it may help lower the risk of heart diseases as well. Diabetes is a major health condition and requires appropriate diagnosis and treatment from a professional doctor. Therefore, human trials of babool are necessary to provide its potential usage for managing blood sugar levels in humans.
The antihypertensive activity of babool was tested in an animal model and humans (Gilani et al. 1999). The extract of babool was found to lower the arterial blood pressure and give antihypertensive activity.2 In human studies conducted by Omaima et al. 2016, a drop in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed in participants with type 2 diabetes. This suggests that babool may be a potentially useful agent to lower blood pressure, especially in persons with diabetes.5 However, these studies are insufficient and more new studies are required. Therefore, people should take advice from a doctor to stay updated about the latest benefits related to any herb.
A study by Kalaivani and Mathew. 2010 reported that babool is a highly accessible source of natural antioxidants. It may be used in inflammation, cancer, and diabetes. The high antioxidant property of babool might be due to the phenolic compounds present in it. These antioxidants may fight the free radicals that are produced in the body.2 However, this information is insufficient and requires extensive research to support this claim.
The gum, flower, and leaf extract of babool were evaluated for anticancer activity in an animal model by Meena et al. 2006. Babool was found to affect tumour growth and showed a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells obtained from a human. In an animal study, the use of babool was found to reduce tumour development.4 However, cancer is a serious health condition that might require proper treatment and diagnosis. So, it is better first to have a consultation with a doctor. And more research is required to develop an accurate scope of babool for cancer-related problems in humans.
Babool was investigated for its weight management activity in a human study by Omaima et al. 2016.
A highly significant decrease in BMI (body mass index) was seen in prediabetic and diabetic groups, implying that babool might benefit weight management.5 However, this study is insufficient; we require more human studies to provide the true extent of babool for weight management in humans.
A study conducted by Banso et al. 2009 was done to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of babool. The study showed that the bark extract might have antimicrobial activity against bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans, Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, and Bacillus subtillis. This study suggested that babool extract might be a potential antimicrobial agent. In another study by Kalaivani et al. 2010, babool showed the highest activity against 2 fungi strains (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans) and 3 bacterial strains (Salmonella typhi, S. aureus, and E. coli). Babool may also be known for its antiviral activity against the virus Hepatitis C in infected liver cells.2 However, this information is insufficient because these studies are not done on humans and require more studies to be done on humans to support the use of babool for managing infections in humans.
In a study by Eline et al. 2004, the extract of babool was found to enhance the production of milk in rats and was shown to increase the production by 59% in an hour.5 However, human studies are required to confirm its activity on humans to stimulate higher milk production in nursing mothers. Therefore, lactating mothers need to be aware of the safe usage of babool during these times. And also, a doctor’s consultation is essential.
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Prolapse means a displacement of an organ from its normal position. The decoction of babool bark may be used in rectal prolapse. The decoction of root bark may be used for stomach pain. The leave decoction is used in the form of nutool (a method of pouring the solution from a height over the specific part) in prolapse.4 However, its effectiveness on humans requires more testing. However, more studies on humans are required to support the potential uses of babool for rectal prolapse. Therefore, a doctor’s advice is necessary.
The tender leaves of babool might be beneficial for treating mouth ulcers. It may be useful to clean the mouth, relieve pain, stop the bleeding of the gums, and might also help tighten the teeth.5 However, its effectiveness requires confirmation via human studies. Therefore, people should consult their doctors and only use them to overcome the above-mentioned issue.
Though there are studies showing the benefits of babool in various conditions, these are insufficient. And there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of babool on human health. Furthermore, every person may respond differently to these herbs. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor before using babool for any medical condition.
Spice up your life with your partner using Babool! Other than medicinal uses, Babool might be used as an aphrodisiac to enhance sexual life.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Also Read: Triphala Guggulu: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Babool can be used as:
One should always take the advice of an Ayurvedic physician before having babool. In addition, we recommend you do not replace or discontinue your ongoing medications with any ayurvedic or herbal preparations without seeking the medical advice of a qualified doctor. They will guide you with the best form and dosage in which the herb can be used per your health condition.
Did you know Babool might act as an expectorant as well? Researchers suggest that Babool might have the property to expel cough from the airways that might help to relieve the congestion.
Dr. Smita barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Regular consumption of babool might have some side effects associated with stomach.
Having babool in moderation might be safe. However, one must follow general precautions.
A review report (Ulbricht et al. 2008) suggested that babool was found to interact with amoxicillin (antibacterial medicine). It might affect the absorption of amoxicillin.6. Therefore, avoid babool when you are taking amoxicillin.
Thus, if you are taking antibacterial/antibiotic medicine, you must consult an Ayurvedic physician before consuming babool products. They will direct you to the better way to have it.
Also Read: Amritarishta: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Babool in English is called an Indian gum Arabic tree.1
Babool can be used as powder or decoction.1 Small bark, juice of babool leaves, and tender leaves can be used. The powder form of flower, leaves, bark, pod, and wood may be used for leucorrhoea. Chewing babool bark and a decoction of the bark may be useful in cough. The paste or juice of babool leaves may be applied to lower the swelling and redness of the eye.4 However, babool should not be used as self-medication. It is essential to take the doctor’s advice; they will recommend you the best form and dosage based on your health condition.
Babool is considered safe but has a few side effects. It might cause constipation and maybe harmful to the rectum, intestine, and chest.5 Therefore, before using babool, please consult with your doctors.
The small branches of babool may be beneficial for strengthening the teeth as they are used for brushing the teeth.4 This fact is insufficient and requires a doctor’s advice to back this claim.
There is not much data on its usage during pregnancy. Therefore, be on the safer side and avoid babool during pregnancy or consult your doctor before taking babool during pregnancy.
Babool was found to be beneficial for diabetes in various animal models.2 However, its study in humans is not reported. Therefore, more studies on humans are required. Diabetes is a severe health problem that must be accurately diagnosed and treated by a qualified doctor.
Chewing of bark and decoction of babool might be helpful in relieving cough.4 But we require more information to suggest the usage of babool for managing cough. People should not use it to self-medicate on their own prior to consulting a doctor.
The tender leaves of babool might be helpful for mouth ulcers. It might also be used to clean the mouth, relieve pain, tighten the teeth, and reduce gum bleeding.4 However, this information is insufficient to say the potential benefit of babool for mouth ulcers. You can consult a doctor before using it.
There is not much data on its safe usage during breastfeeding. Therefore, avoid babool during breastfeeding or consult your doctor before taking babool.
Babool was found to be beneficial for malaria in an animal model.4 However, its effect on humans is still not studied. Therefore, more human trials are required to suggest the potential uses of babool in managing malarial infection.
Babool was found to interact with amoxicillin, as suggested in the review report (Ulbricht et al. 2008). Therefore, avoid babool if you are taking amoxicillin.6 However, if any harmful effect is observed, please get in touch with your doctors.
Babool was found to have anti-ulcer properties when tested in an animal model (Bansal et al. 2012).2 However, its study in humans is still not reported. Therefore, we require more studies on humans to confirm the beneficial effect of babool for ulcers.
A human study (Omaima et al. 2016) found babool to lower the BMI (body mass index) of prediabetic and diabetic patients. Therefore, it might be helpful to lose weight.5 However, this information is insufficient and requires more studies to back this claim. We recommend you should consult a doctor before using babool for weight management.
Also Read: Vidangarishta: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
1. Health MOF, Welfare F. THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA Part-I [Internet]. 21–22 p. Available from: http://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf
2. Zaman R, Shamsi S, Zaman R, Itrat M. Bark of Acacia Arabica -A Nature’s Gift: An Overview. Int Res J Med Sci [Internet]. 2014;2(5):20–4. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332858395_Bark_of_Acacia_Arabica_-A_Nature’s_Gift_An_Overview
3. Heuze V, Tran G, Eugene M, Bastianelli D, Lebas F. Babul (Acacia nilotica) [Internet]. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. 2016. Available from: https://www.feedipedia.org/node/346
4. Roqaiya M, Begum W, Jahufer R. Acacia arabica (Babool) – A Review on Ethnobotanical and Unani Traditional Uses as well as Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties. J Pharm Phytopharm Res [Internet]. 2015;4(6):315–21. Available from: https://eijppr.com/storage/models/article/iKzp3TU9UBM4Qft8Zv8j96YD0xaT6F3YuIxKPFaFGtd0xjAn9q3ZVGl7nExU/acacia-arabica-babool-a-review-on-ethnobotanical-and-unani-traditional-uses-as-well-as-phytochemic.pdf
5. Alam S, Anjum N, Akhtar J, Bashir F, Parveen S, Delhi N, et al. PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON AQAQIA – Acacia arabica ( Lam .) Willd . 2018;6(1):3–6. Available at: https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT1892006.pdf
6. Ulbricht C, Chao W, Costa D, Rusie-Seamon E, Weissner W, Woods J. Clinical Evidence of Herb-Drug Interactions: A Systematic Review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Curr Drug Metab [Internet]. 2008 Dec 1;9(10):1063–120. Available from: http://www.eurekaselect.com/openurl/content.php?genre=article&issn=1389-2002&volume=9&issue=10&spage=1063
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Patha, also called Cissampelos pareira, belongs to the family Menispermaceae. It is a long-lasting climber known as Laghu Patha or Ambastha in Indian traditional medicine and ‘Parreira’ in South America. It is widely distributed in East Africa, Asia, America, West Indies, Australia, Mauritius, Comoros, Madagascar, and Seychelles. In India, it is distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions like Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu.1
The vernacular names of patha are Padh, Patha, Akanadi in Hindi; Venivel, Kalipath, Karedhium, Karondhium, Karodium in Gujarati; Velvetleaf in English; Patha, Akanadi in Bengali; Tuprilata in Assamese; Ambashtaki in Sanskrit; Chiru boddi, Boddi tiga, Adivibankatiga in Telegu; Vatta tiruppi in Tamil; Patha in Punjabi; Patha, Kanabindhi in Oriya; Padali, Pashadvel, Paharrel, Pahadavel in Marathi; Pad in Kashmiri; Patha in Malayalam; Agalushunthi, Pahadavela in Kannada.2
Patha contains flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroid tri-terpenoids, and some essential oils.3
The beneficial properties of patha include:
Patha or Cissampelos pareira exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Because of these properties, it might be useful in various health conditions like diarrhoea, ulcers and urinary tract infections.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, MD
In Pakistan Ijaz et al., 2018 studied, the leaves of patha have been traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent. In Mexico, the root bark is traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent. The patha extract was tested for antidiabetic effect in an animal model and was found to lower blood glucose levels was studied by Piero et al., 2015. Therefore, the patha extract might be beneficial for diabetes.1
However, these studies are done on animals and not on humans. Diabetes is a serious health condition and needs appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Please consult a doctor and do not use patha to self-medicate on your own.
Patha was tested for its anti-dengue activity in animals by Sood et al., 2015. It was found to inhibit all dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4). The extract was also found to help the animals from dengue virus infection.1 However, human studies are required to confirm the effectiveness of patha against dengue in humans. Therefore, prior consultation with a doctor is essential to avoid health-related complications.
When the root extract of patha was tested in an animal model, it showed heart health benefitting activity. The researchers Singh et al., 2013 propose that the heart healthbenefitting effect might be due to the presence of flavonoids and alkaloids.1 However, its study in humans is not yet tested. Therefore, before using patha, people should consult with a doctor and only use patha if prescribed.
In ancient Sanskrit literature, including Charak Samitha, it is mentioned that patha is very effective against the infections caused by parasitic worms. According to a study conducted by Ramırez Ì et al., 2003, the extract of patha was found to be effective against parasites like Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi.1 This information is insufficient and requires more studies to see the effectiveness of patha in controlling parasitic infections in humans.
The patha extract showed a remarkable liver benefiting effect when tested in an animal model by Surendran et al., 2011. It enhanced the antioxidant level and triglyceride level and, at the same time, lowered the cholesterol level that might be beneficial for the liver.1 However, it is yet not tested in humans for liver benefiting activity.1 Therefore, more trials on humans are necessary to produce the potential use of patha for liver health.
The patha extract may have a beneficial effect on stomach health and benefit against acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) ulcers in animals. This beneficial activity of patha might be due to the presence of antioxidants and mucopolysaccharides.1 However, this information is not enough to suggest the benefits of patha for stomach health; hence, more studies on humans are required to back this claim.
The extract of patha was tested for antivenom activity against the Bothrops asper venom (snake venom). In animal and lab tests by Badilla-Baltodano et al., 2008, the extract controlled the haemorrhage (bleeding). The presence of several glycosides in patha might be the reason for its antivenom activity.1 These studies are insufficient and require more studies to support the potential uses of patha for snake bites in humans. Moreover snake bites can be dangerous and you should see a doctor in emergency if you suffer with a snake bits.
Antioxidants might reduce the free radical generation and help the cell from damages caused by free radicals. Free radicals might lead to the progression of several conditions like inflammation, liver damage, cancer, diabetes, heart diseases, neurological diseases, and ageing. To help ourselves from such damage, we should take antioxidants in our daily food and supplements. Various laboratory studies have demonstrated the antioxidant property of patha. It is believed that the antioxidant activity might be due to the presence of polyphenols and alkaloids. Therefore, patha might help against the mentioned diseases.1
Though there are studies that show the benefits of patha in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of patha on human health.
Also Read: Kokum: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Cissampelos pareira or Patha might contribute to wound healing as it has properties like antiulcer and anti-inflammatory. Due to the presence of phytomolecules like flavonoids, it might be useful in tackling ulcers.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Patha can be used as:
People must consult an Ayurvedic doctor before taking herbal supplements made from patha. Likewise, do not replace or discontinue your ongoing medications with ayurvedic or herbal preparations without consulting a qualified physician.
Any herbal supplement, when taken in moderation, is considered safe. However, one must follow general precautions.
There is not much data available on the interaction of patha with other drugs. However, one should not assume that there are no interactions at all. Therefore, it is essential to follow the advice of an Ayurvedic physician. They will prescribe you the correct way to have it.
Avoid patha during pregnancy and while breastfeeding, as there is no sufficient information available on its safe usage during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Therefore, stay on the safer side and avoid taking patha.
There is not much information available on the side effects of patha. However, it is advisable that you consult your doctor before taking patha.
Patha can be used in the form of crushed roots, leaf juice, hot liquid, tablets, powder, root decoction, root paste, and root juice.1 However, people should take consultations with a qualified doctor. They will tell you the form and dosage to have patha as a herb according to your health condition.
The root extract of patha was found to exhibit a beneficial effect on heart health -in an animal model study. Therefore, it might be beneficial to the heart.1 However, there is no study of patha on humans. Hence, more studies on humans are required to support the use of patha for heart health.
The patha extract was found to have an antidiabetic effect in an animal model. Therefore, it might help manage blood sugar levels. Also, in Mexico, the root bark is traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent. In Pakistan, the leaves of patha have been traditionally used for their antidiabetic activity.1 However, this information is insufficient and requires more latest human trials to suggest its suitability for human use. Hence, diabetes is a serious health condition; one should always need to consult a doctor and take proper treatment.
The extract of patha may have antivenom activity against the Bothrops asper venom (snake venom). Also, traditionally, the infusion or decoction of roots and leaves has been used to deal with snakebites.1 However, its study in humans has not been reported yet. Snake bites can be deadly so always reach out to a doctor in emergency in case of snakebites only use patha if prescribed.
Also Read: Tagar: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
1. Kumari S, Anmol, Bhatt V, Suresh PS, Sharma U. Cissampelos pareira L.: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2021;274(August 2020):113850. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.113850
2. Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine & Homoepathy. The Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India part-I volume-I. Government of India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Deparatment of Ayush. Available at: http://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf
3. Wimpy K, Sk Y, Kumkum M, Manoj G. Phytochemical and pharmacological review on Cissampelospareira. Indian J Pharm Pharmacol. 2014;3(4):152–4. Available at: https://www.ijpp.org.in/article-details/3217
4. Singh S, K N. Review on Cissampelos Pareira and Cyclea Peltata (Patha Dwaya) – Phyto-Pharmacological Perspectives. Int J Ayurvedic Med. 2013;4(4). Available at: https://ijam.co.in/index.php/ijam/article/view/288
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Since ancient times, honey has been considered one of the most valued and appreciated food products. It is a natural product formed from the nectar of flowers by honeybees, also called Apis mellifera, belonging to the family Apidae. Honey is the only insect-derived natural product with potential nutritional, therapeutic, cosmetic, and industrial values. Honey might be helpful for several conditions like asthma, throat infection, eye diseases, hiccups, tuberculosis, dizziness, fatigue, piles, hepatitis, and constipation.1
Honey is a sweet, thick fluid produced by bees from plant nectars and is commonly used as a sweetener in food. It has several other names like Clarified Honey, Chestnut Honey, Beri Honey, Blossom Honey, Buckwheat Honey, Honeydew Honey, Madhu, Honig, Jellybush Honey, Manuka Honey, Medihoney, Langnese honey, Miel Blanc, Purified Honey, Tualang Honey, Wildflower and Thyme Honey, and Strained Honey.2
Honey contains the following nutrients:3
| Nutrient | Amount |
| Water | 15.92 % |
| Protein | 0.42 % |
| Fat | 0.53 % |
| Carbohydrate | 88.97 g/100 g |
| Glucose | 37.64 g/100 g |
| Energy | 15.56 MJ/Kg |
| Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) | 0.01 mg/100 g |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) | 0.02 mg/100 g |
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) | 0.15 mg/100 g |
| Vitamin B5 | 0.07 g/100 g |
| Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) | 0.17 mg/100 g |
| Vitamin B9 (Folic acid) | 0.006 mg/100 g |
| Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) | 2.35 mg/100 g |
| Vitamin K | 0.025 mg/100 g |
| Iron (Fe) | 0.03-4 mg/100 g |
| Calcium (Ca) | 3-31 mg/100 g |
| Potassium (K) | 40-3500 mg/100 g |
| Sodium (Na) | 1.6-17 mg/100 g |
| Chlorine (Cl) | 0.4-56 mg/100 g |
| Fluoride (F) | 0.4-1.34 mg/100 g |
| Iodide (I) | 10-100 mg/100 g |
| Magnesium (Mg) | 0.7-13 mg/100 g |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.02-0.6 mg/100 g |
| Zinc (Zn) | 0.05-2 mg/100 g |
Table depicting the nutritional value of honey3
Did you know that honey has been used as a medicine for thousands of years? Stone age paintings provide evidence of its medicinal use dating back 8,000 years. Ancient scrolls, tablets, and books, including Sumerian clay tablets (6,200 BC), Egyptian papyri (1,900–1,250 BC), Veda (5,000 years ago), the Holy Koran, the Bible, and the writings of Hippocrates (460–357 BC), all highlight the widespread and longstanding use of honey as a beneficial substance.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, MD
Also Read: Does Honey Expire? Unveiling The Truth About Honey’s Shelf Life
Honey might have several properties including:1
Also Read: Black Salt: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!
In my experience, I have observed that honey consists mainly of carbohydrates, making up around 95-97% of its dry weight. However, it’s not just about carbs. Honey also contains essential elements like proteins, vitamins, amino acids, minerals, and organic acids. All these components work together to provide various health benefits, making honey a remarkable natural remedy.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
The property of honey due to antioxidant activity is related to the brightness of the honey. Darker honey has been found to have a higher value of antioxidants. In studies, the phenolic compounds present in honey are found to be responsible for antioxidant activity. It can be used as a dietary antioxidant.1
Oxidative stress damages the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), also called free radicals, have roles in diabetes, cancer, gastritis, ageing, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and several ulcers. Honey contains antioxidant compounds derived from pollen sources and might have the ability to reduce these oxidative reactions. It might help remove the ROS and may reduce DNA damage.4
Read More: What Are Antioxidants And Why Do We Need Them?
Honey might have the potential to reduce inflammatory responses as seen in cell cultures, animal models, and clinical trials (in humans).1 Mostly, inflammation occurs during the healing process. During the healing process, mild inflammation is considered normal but harmful. It triggers the activity of leukocytes and therefore produces free radicals. Honey contains polyphenols that have the oxidising ability and might provide a subsequent anti-inflammatory effect by reducing nitric oxide production.4
The phenolic content present in honey may be responsible for anti-inflammatory activity. The flavonoids and phenolic compounds present in honey might block the cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide synthase, which are responsible for inflammation.1
Honey contains antioxidants like polyphenols, monophenols, flavonoids, vitamin C that may be linked with a reduced risk of heart failure.1 In a study daily intake of flavonoids was found to be linked with a reduced risk of heart-related diseases. Flavonoids might have some effect on heart-related diseases maybe by improving the blood flow to the heart, lowering blood clotting, and inhibiting low-density lipoprotein from oxidising.5 Heart conditions are serious and must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor.
In a study, honey used in type 1 and 2 diabetes was found to lower the glycaemic index more (glycaemic index shows how quickly each food affects the blood sugar level) compared with glucose or sucrose used in diabetic patients. There In a study, honey used in type 1 and 2 diabetes might have the potential to lower the glycaemic index more (glycaemic index shows how quickly each food affects the blood sugar level) compared with glucose or sucrose used in diabetic patients. There was a lower rise in plasma glucose levels in diabetic patients given honey compared to diabetic patients given dextrose. It might also lower the blood lipids, homocysteine, and C-reactive protein levels in diabetic patients. Also, it was found that honey might help promote the secretion of insulin, may lower blood glucose levels, might help raise haemoglobin concentration, and might improve the lipid profile.5 Kindly consult a doctor for the proper diagnosis and treatment of serious conditions such as diabetes.
Read More: 10 Effective Home Remedies For Diabetes!
The most effective and most studied use of honey might have potential wound healing properties. Applying honey as a wound dressing might help improve the healing process and may help quickly clear the infection. It might have a cleansing action on wounds, may help tissue regeneration, and might lower inflammation.5 However, more research is required.
In traditional medicine,In traditional medicine, the antibacterial activity of honey is one of the most significant findings that was first recognised in 1892. It has been reported that honey might have an inhibitory effect on around 60 species of bacteria, including gram-positive, gram-negative, aerobes (microorganisms that grow in the presence of oxygen), and anaerobes (microorganisms that grow in the absence of oxygen). Honey may act as both bactericidal (kills bacteria) and bacteriostatic (stops bacterial growth) depending on the concentration used.5
Honey is described in a study as a potential effect of acting as a cancer vaccine as it might lower prolonged inflammation which is considered a risk factor for the growth of cancer. Honey might have high antioxidant content, and therefore it might show anticancer activity by stopping the spread of various cancer cells and enhancing the early death of these cancer cells. These cancer cells might include sarcomas, bone cancer, carcinomas, cancer cell lines, experimental cancers, and breast cancer.3 However, cancer is a serious condition and must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.
Though there are studies that show the potential uses of honey in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of honey on human health.
Based on my experience, I have observed that honey may offer benefits for neurological diseases. It has shown anxiolytic effects for reducing anxiety and also acts a potential antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antinociceptive agent. Honey’s ability to reduce oxidative stress in the central nervous system can contribute to improved neurological health.
Dr. Smita Barode, BAMS
Honey can be used:
Your Ayurvedic physician will prescribe you the form and dose as per your requirement.
Also Read: Is Honey Good for Diabetes? Unveiling the Research Behind the Sweet Remedy
Honey is primarily safe for most adults, but if the honey is produced from the nectar of rhododendrons (plant species, also called red tree), then it is relatively unsafe, as it may contain toxins that might cause chest pain, heart problems, and low blood pressure.2
Also Read: Aloe Vera: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Therefore, honey should be used cautiously.
Also Read: Manuka Honey: Research-Based Insights into Its Unique Health Benefits
Therefore, kindly consult a doctor and confirm if it is safe for you to consume honey.
Also Read: Pink Himalayan Salt: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Precautions & More!
No, applying honey for acne on the face doesn’t treat acne.2
Honey might be helpful for wounds. It might help reduce the pus and odour, may clean the wound, might lower the infection and pain, and may reduce the time for healing.2 However, sufficient scientific evidence is not present. Therefore, ensure that you consult a doctor and get your wounds properly treated. Kindly do not self-medicate.
Applying honey preparations to burns may have the potential to help improve healing.2 However, more research is required. Kindly consult a doctor. Do not self-medicate.
Honey might be used for application directly to the face, and it may help lower the redness.2 However, more research is required to ascertain such possible effects of honey.
Honey is mainly found to be safe in adults, but it can be unsafe if the honey is produced from the nectar of rhododendrons. It may contain toxins that cause chest pain, low blood pressure, and heart problems.2
There is no sufficient data on its safe usage during pregnancy. Consult your doctor before using honey during pregnancy.
Avoid giving honey to infants under 12 months of age. It can be given to older children and adults.2
There is insufficient data on its safe usage during breastfeeding. Consult your doctor before using honey during breastfeeding.
Honey may be helpful for constipation.1 However, more research is required to prove such effects. Kindly consult a doctor.
Allergic reactions to honey are rare but can be caused either due to bee protein or pollen in honey.5
1. Samarghandian S, Farkhondeh T, Samini F. Honey and health: A review of recent clinical research. Pharmacognosy Res. 2017;9(2):121–7. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5424551/
2. Honey [Internet]. medlinePlus National Library of Medicine. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/738.html
3. Ajibola A. Novel Insights into the Health Importance of Natural Honey. Malays J Med Sci [Internet]. 2015 Sep;22(5):7–22. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5295738/#:~:text=The daily intake of natural,thereby providing succour to patients.
4. Jibril FI, Hilmi ABM, Manivannan L. Isolation and characterization of polyphenols in natural honey for the treatment of human diseases. Bull Natl Res Cent. 2019;43(1). Available at: https://bnrc.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s42269-019-0044-7
5. Eteraf-Oskouei T, Najafi M. Traditional and modern uses of natural honey in human diseases: a review. Iran J Basic Med Sci [Internet]. 2013 Jun;16(6):731–42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23997898
Also Read: Sabudana: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Ashwagandha or Withania somnifera is a popular herb in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. It is a small shrub that belongs to the family Solanaceae. It might be useful for different diseases and mostly as a nervine tonic (has a soothing effect on nerves). Ashwagandha is commonly called Indian Ginseng or Indian winter cherry. Ashwagandha is known for its rasayana (tonic) property. Rasayana is a herbal or metallic formulation that stimulates a youthful physical and mental state of health as well as happiness.1
Ashwagandha is cultivated in dry regions of South Asia, Africa, and Central Asia. More than 50 chemical constituents have been isolated from different parts of the ashwagandha plant.[1]
Did you know?
In 100 grams of ashwagandha, the nutrients found are:
| Nutrient | Value |
| Energy | 250 g |
| Total dietary fibre | 25 g |
| Carbohydrate | 75 g |
Table 1: Nutritional value of ashwagandha2
Ashwagandha is also called an ‘adaptogenic’ herb or a ‘royal’ herb since it helps reduce stress, and helps your body adapt to changes. It rejuvenates various body systems like the immune, reproductive, and endocrine systems.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, MD
The potential properties of ashwagandha are:
Did you know ashwagandha contains high levels of polyphenols, mainly catechin, which is responsible for its antioxidant actions? All the parts of ashwagandha, including the roots, leaves and fruits, are rich in catechin, which provides potential health benefits.
Dr. Smita Barode, BAMS
The potential uses of ashwagandha for human health are as follows
Ashwagandha might have anxiolytic (anxiety-relieving) properties that are similar to that of the drug lorazepam. According to an animal study, both ashwagandha and lorazepam might help reduce anxiety in animal models. Ashwagandha might also exhibit potential antidepressant properties. This indicates that ashwagandha might help with depression and anxiety.1 However, more research is required. Anxiety and depression are that may need serious attention and one should seek medical help from a professional for it.
Ashwagandha might have potential anti-arthritic properties that may be widely accepted and reported. Ashwagandha might help relieve pain by soothing the nervous system. In an experimental study, patients were given a formula containing ashwagandha. This herbal formulation showed the potential to reduce the severity of pain and disability.1,4 However, arthritis is a serious condition and must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.
Ashwagandha is a popular Ayurvedic rasayana and belongs to medhyarasayanas, a sub-group of rasayanas. Medhya means mental/intellectual ability. Ashwagandha might help enhance memory and intelligence. This potential of ashwagandha for cognition was seen in children with compromised memory and old age as anecdotal evidence.1 However, such claims lack scientific back-up. Therefore, more research is required.
The circulatory system and cardiovascular health are adversely affected due to mental stress. Stress also affects the body’s antioxidant defence system. Ashwagandha might help the body adapt to stress. It may also effective in improving mental and physical health.5 However, more research is required to ascertain such claims.
PharmEasy Recommends –EverHerb Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha may be helpful in combating hair loss and promoting hair growth. Hair loss usually occurs due to stress. The lactones present in ashwagandha can reduce the levels of cortisol hormone in the body, which relieves stress.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, MD
In a study, treatment with an aqueous extract of ashwagandha showed potential to increase the pain threshold (a point beyond which a trigger produces pain) compared to that of placebo showing that ashwagandha might be an analgesic agent.4 However, further research is required to state these as concrete facts.
Also Read: Shilajit: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Ashwagandha is derived from two words-ashwa meaning ‘horse’ and gandha meaning ‘smell’. It is named so because the fresh roots of ashwagandha emit the smell of horse. It is believed to boost vitality and strength in your body, comparable to a horse.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Ashwagandha might help deal with problems related to sleep and may contain sleep-inducing properties. It might also help one to fall asleep faster and help have an improved sleep quality.7
Though there are studies that show the potential uses of ashwagandha in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of ashwagandha on human health.
Ashwagandha may be helpful in improving the performance of swimmers as it boosts stamina. It is possible that the duration that can be covered by swimmers taking ashwagandha is longer than those not taking it.
Dr. Ashok Pal, BAMS
The important formulations of ashwagandha include:
It is also available in the form of tea, pills, gummies, or tincture. The roots, seeds, leaves and flowers of ashwagandha can be used for medicinal purposes.1,7,8
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Also Read: Ashwagandha Benefits for Men: A Research-Backed Guide to Natural Wellness
The safety of the long-term use of ashwagandha has not been fully documented. However, the most common side effects of ashwagandha are:
The less common side effects are:
Ashwagandha might also cause liver damage. It is essential to call your healthcare provider when you experience any side effects, particularly those consistent with liver damage like itchy skin or jaundice.7 Therefore, kindly consult an Ayurvedic physician before using ashwagandha. They will tailor the prescription according to your health needs.
Also Read: Bakuchi: Uses, Benefits, Dosage & Side Effects
Ashwagandha must be avoided in some conditions like:
Kindly do not self-medicate, alter, replace or discontinue any ongoing treatment. Please consult a doctor.
Also Read: Can Ashwagandha Increase Height: An Evidence-Based Review
It is essential to take precautions when using ashwagandha with:
To make sure that ashwagandha does not interfere with other medications, it is essential to consult your physician.4
Also Read: Pippali: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Ashwagandha is a well-known herb used in Ayurvedic medicine. Its common names include winter cherry and Indian ginseng. It is obtained from a small evergreen shrub known as Withania sominfera. Ashwagandha might be helpful for a wide variety of ailments.7
In India, ashwagandha is cultivated in Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan Punjab and Madhya Pradesh.4
The decoction of the roots of ashwagandha might be helpful for colds and chills. The root bark might be helpful for asthma.4 Kindly do not self-medicate. Consult a doctor before taking ashwagandha for common cold.
In Ayurvedic medicine, the root of ashwagandha is used as an anti-inflammatory agent by an Ayurvedic physician for dealing with tumours, swellings, scrofula (a type of tuberculosis), and rheumatoid arthritis (a condition affecting joints and bones).4 However, you are advised not to use ashwagandha for the above-mentioned conditions by yourself. Kindly consult an Ayurvedic physician for the same.
Ashwagandha is indicated in conditions like syncope (temporary loss of consciousness associated with insufficient blood flow to the brain), piles, tumours, cervical lymphadenitis (enlargement of neck lymph nodes), gout (a type of arthritis), diseases of the skin, vitiligo (a disorder that causes the skin to lose colour), lockjaw, heart failure, abscesses (a painful collection of pus), stiffness of the knee, cachexia (muscle and weight loss), bone fracture and diabetic carbuncle (cluster of painful boils).4 Kindly consult a doctor. Do not self-medicate.
Also Read: Vidarikand: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & More!
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Apples are high in antioxidants (natural substances that prevent cell damage by inhibiting oxidation), which might help inhibit free radicals (unstable atoms that lead to cell damage) formation. Apples are abundant in phenolic compounds, vitamins, minerals, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus, all of which might help with numerous chronic conditions. Apple cider vinegar is formed from pressed apples that have been processed in the same way as apple juice, but it is not filtered.
Low acetic acid, flavonoids, phenolic chemicals (gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid), organic acids, minerals, and vitamins are found in apple cider vinegar, which is made from cider that has undergone acetous bioconversion.1
Salad dressings, marinades, and sauces frequently contain apple cider vinegar. It is prepared by a fermentation process in which yeast and bacteria are added to the juice of pulverised apples, converting carbohydrates to alcohol and then to acetic acid that gives the vinegar its sour flavour. Cider vinegar and apple vinegar are frequent names for apple cider vinegar.2
Pectin, vitamins B and C, and trace amounts of sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, and magnesium are all likely found in apple cider vinegar.2
Apple cider vinegar’s primary active ingredients are acetic acid and polyphenolic chemicals. Succinic, ascorbic, formic, citric, and oxalic acids are other organic acid compounds found in apple cider vinegar.2
Also Read: Elaichi (Cardamom): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects & Dosage
The potential antitumor activity of apple cider vinegar has been studied using an animal model. It was found that apple cider vinegar might reduce deoxyribonucleic acid damage, hyperproliferation and might be helpful against the growth of cancer. Apple polyphenols contain procyanidins, flavonoids, epicatechin, catechin, which might help suppress colon cancer cells.
The apple cider vinegar might help suppress the growth of breast cancer cells. In addition, the apple juice might also help against chemical-induced tumour genesis by using several cell lines.
Polyphenols present in apple cider vinegar may have cell toxicity effects in human urinary bladder cancer cells and might cause apoptosis (cell death) and oxidative stress.1 However, more research is required. Moreover, cancer is a serious condition and must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor.
The potential anti-diabetic effect of apple cider vinegar was studied in a normal and diabetic rat model. Apple cider vinegar showed a potential blood sugar lowering effect and, a potential to reduce the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and might also help normalise the lipid profiles in diabetes complications. Hence, apple cider vinegar might be helpful for diabetes.1
The hypoglycemic (blood sugar lowering) effect of apple cider vinegar was studied on human subjects, and it was found that it may help decrease the postprandial blood glucose after a meal. Researchers suggest that its use may influence satiety (feeling of fullness after eating) and blood sugar level control in healthy adults by slowing down gastric emptying (contents of the stomach moved to the small intestine), and may result in decreased after-meal blood glucose levels.4
The probable mechanism of hypoglycemic action might be the effect of apple cider vinegar on the α-amylase enzyme. The reduction of α-amylase in liver cells may help suppress the conversion of carbohydrates (polysaccharides) into smaller saccharide units such as glucose and might lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels.4 However, serious conditions like diabetes must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor and do not self-medicate.
The dietary flavonoids isolated from apple cider vinegar might help reduce the inflammation-related markers in mice’s intestinal tissue, as seen in animal studies. Apple polyphenolic compounds might help reduce the inflammatory response of the kidney by decreasing the expression and activity of the cyclo-oxygenase-2 enzyme in the rat model.1 However, more research is required to prove such effects of apple cider vinegar.
One study looked into the lipid-lowering effect of apple cider vinegar on rat models. These rats had higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein, and the atherogenic index (which predicts the chances of heart diseases). In contrast, rats that were administered apple cider vinegar showed reduction in all of these parameters, demonstrating that apple cider vinegar might have an anti-obesity effect.5 However, more research is required to prove the effectiveness of apple cider vinegar for obesity.
The potential liver protective effect of apple cider vinegar’s polyphenolic compounds was studied on rodent models. The polyphenolic compounds might help improve the oxidative enzyme’s activity in the liver tissue and may indicate liver-protecting potential of apple cider vinegar.1 However, more research will be necessary to prove such claims. Moreover, diseases of the liver must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. So, please consult a doctor if you suspect liver disease.
The heart-protective potential of apple cider vinegar was studied in mice serum. Apple cider vinegar might help with atherogenesis (fat deposition in arteries), may lessen inflammation, and might help reduce triacylglycerol levels.
Polyphenolic compounds in apple cider vinegar might help reduce drug-induced damage to the heart in a cell line study. Polyphenolic compounds like chlorogenic acid found in apple cider vinegar might help reduce lipoproteins’ oxidation and be helpful against heart-related complications.1 However, conditions of the heart are serious and a doctor must be consulted for proper diagnosis and treatment of it. Therefor, kindly consult a doctor.
The consumption of apple cider vinegar might help increasedthe antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds.1 However, these effects need to be confirmed by further research.
The antimicrobial potential of apple cider vinegar was examined against various bacteria like E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The study’s findings revealed that apple cider vinegar might have potential antimicrobial action which may be seen as the loss of bacteria and fungi in culture media.
Apple cider vinegar might also have antifungal activity against Candida species involved in denture stomatitis (inflammation of the oral mucous membrane).1 However, further studies are required to prove such claims.
Several studies have shown the valuable results of apple cider vinegar on Alzheimer’s disease linked with ageing.
According to a study, when aged mice received the dilute form of apple cider vinegar in drinking water, there was an improvement in memory and increased antioxidant activity. Apple cider vinegar might also have the potential to deplete acetylcholine (a chemical found in the brain), which is connected with ageing and oxidative stress and may help maintain neuronal communications.1 However, such effects are yet to be confirmed by more research. Therefore, kindly do not self-medicate.
A study was performed to study the immunity-enhancing potency of apple cider vinegar. According to the study, apple cider vinegar might be effective in acting as an immunomodulator on the systemic and mucosal immune response.1 However, more research is required to back up such claims.
Though there are studies that show the potential use of apple cider vinegar in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need of further studies to establish the true extent of benefits of apple cider vinegar on human health.
Over the years, I’ve heard that some people may find relief from acid reflux by using apple cider vinegar. The belief is that its probiotic properties may help restore digestive balance and alleviate acid reflux symptoms. However, I would strongly advise consulting with your doctor before trying apple cider vinegar as a remedy for acid reflux.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Also Read: Does Apple Cider Vinegar Go Bad? Understanding Its Shelf Life
Apple cider vinegar is available in the following forms:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
I came across a study that suggested the potential benefits of apple cider vinegar for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study found that four out of seven patients may have experienced ovulatory menstruation within 40 days after taking apple cider vinegar. This indicates a potential positive effect on menstrual regularity in PCOS patients.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Also Read: Ashwagandha: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Apple cider vinegar is generally well-tolerated in the amounts found in foods and when used for food purposes for a short period. However, larger doses and topical use could be unsafe.
Also Read: Apple Cider Vinegar for Hair: Discover the Research-Based Benefits and Treatments
Also Read: Apricot: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
It is prepared by a fermentation process in which bacteria and yeast are mixed into the juice from crushed apples, first converting sugars to alcohol and then to acetic acid.2
Yes, apple cider vinegar is safe to use. It is generally well-tolerated in quantities typically consumed in foods. However, kindly consult a doctor for its potential health uses.
Flavonoids, and phenolic compounds (gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid) are the constituents of apple cider vinegar.1
The common names of apple cider vinegar are cider vinegar and apple vinegar.2
No, apple cider vinegar is used for the management of dandruff.2
Yes, apple cider vinegar is acidic due to the presence of acetic acid and malic acid.3
Yes, we can drink apple cider vinegar. As per one of the studies, drinking a cup of apple cider vinegar in the middle of the meal-induced a reduction in postprandial (after meal) glucose levels.4 Kindly consult a doctor before drinking apple cider vinegar.
Yes, it is good for the liver. According to a study, the polyphenolic compounds present in apple cider vinegar might help with the oxidative enzyme activity in the liver associated with adenosine triphosphate synthesis. however, a doctor must diagnose and treat serious conditions such as those related to the liver. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor for the same.
Hypokalaemia (low potassium blood level), hyperreninemia (high blood renin enzyme level), osteoporosis, oesophageal injury, skin irritation, and chemical burns (due to topical application) are the reported side effects of apple cider vinegar.
No, apple cider vinegar lowers elevated blood pressure.3
Yes, apple cider vinegar might be helpful for weight loss.3 However, more research is required to prove its effectiveness. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor for the above-mentioned concern.
Apple cider vinegar may be helpful for skin conditions, dyspepsia (discomfort in the upper abdomen), nephrolithiasis (kidney stones), osteoporosis, arthritis, elevated blood pressure, painful joints and elevated blood sugar level, obesity, and stomach ache. However, more research is required to prove these potential uses. Kindly consult a doctor before using it for the above-mentioned conditions.
Also Read: Licorice (Mulethi): Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
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