Patha: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and more!
By Dr Ashok Pal +2 more
Medically reviewed by Dr Ashok Pal
Last updated: Oct 24, 2024 Published on: May 2, 2022
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By Dr Ashok Pal +2 more
Table of Contents
Patha, also called Cissampelos pareira, belongs to the family Menispermaceae. It is a long-lasting climber known as Laghu Patha or Ambastha in Indian traditional medicine and ‘Parreira’ in South America. It is widely distributed in East Africa, Asia, America, the West Indies, Australia, Mauritius, Comoros, Madagascar, and Seychelles. In India, it is distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions like Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu.1
The vernacular names of patha are Padh, Patha, Akanadi in Hindi; Venivel, Kalipath, Karedhium, Karondhium, Karodium in Gujarati; Velvetleaf in English; Patha, Akanadi in Bengali; Tuprilata in Assamese; Ambashtaki in Sanskrit; Chiru boddi, Boddi tiga, Adivibankatiga in Telegu; Vatta tiruppi in Tamil; Patha in Punjabi; Patha, Kanabindhi in Oriya; Padali, Pashadvel, Paharrel, Pahadavel in Marathi; Pad in Kashmiri; Patha in Malayalam; Agalushunthi, Pahadavela in Kannada.2
Did you know?
Patha contains flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroid tri-terpenoids, and some essential oils.3
The beneficial properties of patha include:
Patha or Cissampelos pareira exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Because of these properties, it might be useful in various health conditions like diarrhoea, ulcers and urinary tract infections.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
In Pakistan Ijaz et al., 2018 studied, the leaves of patha have been traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent. In Mexico, the root bark is traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent. The patha extract was tested for antidiabetic effect in an animal model and was found to lower blood glucose levels as studied by Piero et al., 2015. Therefore, the patha extract might be beneficial for diabetes.1
However, these studies are done on animals and not on humans. Diabetes is a serious health condition and needs appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Please consult a doctor and do not use patha to self-medicate on your own.
Patha was tested for its anti-dengue activity in animals by Sood et al., 2015. It was found to inhibit all dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4). The extract was also found to help the animals from dengue virus infection.1 However, human studies are required to confirm the effectiveness of patha against dengue in humans. Therefore, prior consultation with a doctor is essential to avoid health-related complications.
When the root extract of patha was tested in an animal model, it showed heart health benefitting activity. The researchers Singh et al., 2013 propose that the heart health benefitting effect might be due to the presence of flavonoids and alkaloids.1 However, its study in humans is not yet tested. Therefore, before using patha, people should consult with a doctor and only use patha if prescribed.
In ancient Sanskrit literature, including Charak Samitha, it is mentioned that patha is very effective against infections caused by parasitic worms. According to a study conducted by RamÄ, 2003, the extract of patha was found to be effective against parasites like Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi.1 This information is insufficient and requires more studies to see the effectiveness of patha in controlling parasitic infections in humans.
The patha extract showed a remarkable liver-benefiting effect when tested in an animal model by Surendran et al., 2011. It enhanced the antioxidant level and triglyceride levels and, at the same time, lowered the cholesterol level which might be beneficial for the liver.1 However, it is yet not tested in humans for liver-benefiting activity.1 Therefore, more trials on humans are necessary to produce the potential use of patha for liver health.
The patha extract may have a beneficial effect on stomach health and benefit against acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) ulcers in animals. This beneficial activity of patha might be due to the presence of antioxidants and mucopolysaccharides.1 However, this information is not enough to suggest the benefits of patha for stomach health; hence, more studies on humans are required to back this claim.
The extract of patha was tested for antivenom activity against the Bothrops asper venom (snake venom). In animal and lab tests by Badilla-Baltodano et al., 2008, the extract controlled the hemorrhage (bleeding). The presence of several glycosides in patha might be the reason for its antivenom activity.1 These studies are insufficient and require more studies to support the potential uses of patha for snake bites in humans. Moreover, snake bites can be dangerous and you should see a doctor in an emergency if you suffer from snake bites.
Antioxidants might reduce the free radical generation and help the cell from damages caused by free radicals. Free radicals might lead to the progression of several conditions like inflammation, liver damage, cancer, diabetes, heart diseases, neurological diseases, and ageing. To help ourselves from such damage, we should take antioxidants in our daily food and supplements. Various laboratory studies have demonstrated the antioxidant property of patha. It is believed that the antioxidant activity might be due to the presence of polyphenols and alkaloids. Therefore, patha might help against the mentioned diseases.1
Though there are studies that show the benefits of patha in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of patha on human health.
Also Read: Kokum: Uses, Benefits & Side Effects
Cissampelos pareira or Patha might contribute to wound healing as it has properties like antiulcer and anti-inflammatory. Due to the presence of phytomolecules like flavonoids, it might be useful in tackling ulcers.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Patha can be used as:
People must consult an Ayurvedic doctor before taking herbal supplements made from patha. Likewise, do not replace or discontinue your ongoing medications with ayurvedic or herbal preparations without consulting a qualified physician.
Any herbal supplement, when taken in moderation, is considered safe. However, one must follow general precautions.
There is not much data available on the interaction of patha with other drugs. However, one should not assume that there are no interactions at all. Therefore, it is essential to follow the advice of an Ayurvedic physician. They will prescribe you the correct way to have it.
Avoid patha during pregnancy and while breastfeeding, as there is no sufficient information available on its safe usage during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Therefore, stay on the safer side and avoid taking patha.
There is not much information available on the side effects of patha. However, it is advisable that you consult your doctor before taking patha.
Patha can be used in the form of crushed roots, leaf juice, hot liquid, tablets, powder, root decoction, root paste, and root juice.1 However, people should take consultations with a qualified doctor. They will tell you the form and dosage to have patha as a herb according to your health condition.
The root extract of patha was found to exhibit a beneficial effect on heart health -in an animal model study. Therefore, it might be beneficial to the heart.1 However, there is no study of patha on humans. Hence, more studies on humans are required to support the use of patha for heart health.
The patha extract was found to have an antidiabetic effect in an animal model. Therefore, it might help manage blood sugar levels. Also, in Mexico, the root bark is traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent. In Pakistan, the leaves of patha have been traditionally used for their antidiabetic activity.1 However, this information is insufficient and requires more latest human trials to suggest its suitability for human use. Hence, diabetes is a serious health condition; one should always need to consult a doctor and take proper treatment.
The extract of patha may have antivenom activity against the Bothrops asper venom (snake venom). Also, traditionally, the infusion or decoction of roots and leaves has been used to deal with snakebites.1 However, its study in humans has not been reported yet. Snake bites can be deadly so always reach out to a doctor in emergency in case of snakebites only use patha if prescribed.
1. Kumari S, Anmol, Bhatt V, Suresh PS, Sharma U. Cissampelos pareira L.: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2021;274(August 2020):113850. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.113850
2. Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine & Homoepathy. The Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India part-I volume-I. Government of India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Deparatment of Ayush. Available at: http://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf
3. Wimpy K, Sk Y, Kumkum M, Manoj G. Phytochemical and pharmacological review on Cissampelospareira. Indian J Pharm Pharmacol. 2014;3(4):152–4. Available at: https://www.ijpp.org.in/article-details/3217
4. Singh S, K N. Review on Cissampelos Pareira and Cyclea Peltata (Patha Dwaya) – Phyto-Pharmacological Perspectives. Int J Ayurvedic Med. 2013;4(4). Available at: https://ijam.co.in/index.php/ijam/article/view/288
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