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Lotus Seed: Uses, Benefits, Side effects and More By Dr. Smita Barode

By Dr Smita Barode +2 more

Introduction

Lotus seed is a quick snack to munch on while watching a movie. Lotus seed is also known as lotus nut or kamal seed. The scientific name of lotus seeds is Nelumbinis semen, derived from the lotus plant, Nelumba nucifera. It has been a functional food, medicine and vegetable for about 7000 years. There are two types of dried lotus seeds, one with white peel and the other with brown peel. Lotus seeds have been extensively produced and cultivated in India, Japan and China. Lotus food has been approved as food and medicine by ‘Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China’. Lotus seeds have fewer calories and are a host of nutrients; therefore, they play an essential part in the functions of the body.1 Let us look at some of the health benefits of lotus seeds. 

lotus seed benefits

Did you know?

  • Lotus seeds have been traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments including insomnia, fever, and cardiovascular diseases. source: PMC
  • Lotus seeds have various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  • Lotus seeds have been used in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhea and dysentery. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  • Lotus seeds have been used in traditional medicine to improve fertility and sexual health. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  • Lotus seeds have been found to have potential anti-depressant effects by modulating neurotransmitters in the brain. source: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  • Lotus seeds have been found to have anti-obesity effects by inhibiting adipogenesis and reducing adipose tissue weight. source: PMC

Nutritional Value of Lotus Seed

Lotus seeds may contain several bioactive compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, triterpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, essential oils and many more. Below are the nutritional components of Lotus seeds:

  • Energy: 388 cal/100 g 
  • Moisture: 8-10% 
  • Crude Fat: 3.7% 
  • Protein: 25% 
  • Fibre: 3-4% 
  • Carbohydrate: 65% 
  • Sodium: 313 mg/100g 
  • Potassium: 7.86 mg/100g 
  • Copper: 48.5 mg/100g 
  • Magnesium: 2.51 mg/100g 
  • Iron: 43.9 mg/100g 
  • Selenium: 1.04 mg/100g 
  • Manganese: 16.6 mg/100g 

Properties of Lotus Seed

Several studies have shown that lotus seed may have the following properties: 

  • Lotus seeds may be an antioxidant. 
  • It may relieve pain. 
  • It may help enhance heart health. 
  • It may help enhance liver health. 
  • It may improve the immune system. 
  • It may improve memory. 
  • It may reduce blood sugar levels.1 

Beta-galactosidase, a compound found in lotus seeds, can break the lactose molecule of milk and make it lactose-free. From my experience, the combination of lotus seeds and milk may aid lactose-intolerant people.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)

Potential Uses of Lotus Seed for Overall Health

Some of the potential uses of lotus seed are: 

1. Potential use of lotus seed for weight management 

Excess weight in the body is due to adipocytes (fat cells). A study by Achike et al. in 2011 showed that lotus seeds may inhibit the formation of fat cells and reduce the weight of the fat tissues. In addition, polyphenols found in lotus seeds may improve the lipid profile in the body.1 However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can help to manage weight. Therefore, you must consult your dietician before making any diet changes. 

2. Potential use of lotus seed for Alzheimer’s disease 

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder which results in memory loss and other mental impairments. Lotus seeds may have neuro-protective effects i.e, it may protect the nerve cells from damage as in the case of Alzheimer’s disease. A study by Kim et al. in 2014 showed that proanthocyanidins in lotus seeds may reduce brain ageing and cognitive impairment. In addition, lotus seeds may reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by decreasing the harmful free radicals and accumulation of unnecessary calcium.1 However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can be beneficial in improving the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. You must consult your doctor if you suspect any symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. 

3. Potential use of lotus seed for depression 

A study by Sugimoto et al. in 2008 showed that bioactive compounds like saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins may help to reduce anxiety and depression. The alkaloids in lotus seeds may increase the time of sleep. Getting good sleep may help manage depression. However, these studies were conducted on mice.1 Further studies on humans are required to check if lotus seeds may be beneficial for anxiety and depression. 

4. Potential use of lotus seed for microbial infections 

A study by Tang et al. in 2017 showed that lotus seeds may have anti-microbial properties. Lotus seeds may disrupt the structure and function of the plasma membrane. Additionally, lotus seeds may inhibit the growth of Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli., Klebsiella sp., Shigella, and Pseudomonas sp.1 However, more studies are required to confirm if lotus seeds can be used for microbial infections. You must consult your doctor if you experience any microbial infection. 

5. Potential use of lotus seed for type I and II diabetes 

A study by Mani et al. in 2010 showed that lotus seed might be used in the case of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Various minerals present in lotus seeds may be beneficial for diabetes. For example, zinc in lotus seeds reduces oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes patients and transports glucose to the cells in type 2 diabetes patients. Chromium may increase the number of insulin receptors and glucose metabolism, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients.3 However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can help to reduce blood glucose levels. You must check your blood sugar levels regularly and consult your doctor in case of abnormal blood sugar levels. 

6. Potential use of lotus seed for cancer 

A study by Poornima et al. in 2013 showed that lotus seeds might act against lung cancer. A bioactive compound, nepherine in lotus seed, may kill the cancer-causing cell (apoptosis) and inhibit their growth.4 However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds may act against cancer. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you suspect cancer instead of self-medicating. 

7. Potential use of lotus seed to relieve pain 

A study by Chakravarthi et al. in 2009 showed that the flavonoids in the lotus seeds might help to relieve pain. Lotus seeds may inhibit the cyclooxygenase enzyme, which is responsible for releasing pain mediators.5 However, further studies are required to check if lotus seeds can help relieve pain. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you experience prolonged pain. 

8. Potential use of lotus seed as an antioxidant 

A study by Rai et al. in 2006 showed that flavonoids in lotus seeds might be responsible for their antioxidant potential. The flavonoids may destabilize the harmful free radicals (molecules in the body) and reduce oxidative stress by removing the free radicals from the body. This would reduce the risk of several diseases like diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, etc.1,6 However, more studies are required to check the antioxidant potential of lotus seeds. 

Though studies show the benefits of lotus seed in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of lotus seed on human health. 

How to Use Lotus Seed?

You can consume lotus seeds in the following ways: 

  • Lotus seeds can be consumed cooked, uncooked, ripened, or raw. 
  • It can be used as roasted, ground and boiled into syrups.1 

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking lotus seeds in large quantities or any herbal supplements. Likewise, do not discontinue or replace an ongoing modern medical treatment with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

Lotus seeds are known as a rich source of a compound, phytosterol. I recently read an article suggesting regular consumption of lotus seeds as phytosterol helps to lower cholesterol levels. From my perspective, lotus seeds might be a saviour to help cope with heart diseases.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Lotus Seed

Excessive consumption of lotus seed may cause the following side effects: 

  • If you are allergic to nuts and seeds, you may also be allergic to lotus seeds.  
  • Lotus seeds may cause constipation, flatulence and bloating.7 

If you notice any allergic reaction to consuming lotus seed, seek immediate medical attention. First, consult your ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you; they will be able to identify the cause and treat it effectively. 

From my perspective, lotus seeds might be your ally in your weight loss journey. Studies suggest that the resistant starch from lotus seed has the potential to decrease the blood sugar level and hence may aid in managing weight.

Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.

Precautions to Take with Lotus Seed

You must take the following precautions before consuming lotus seeds: 

  • You must be cautious if you have any heart disease like arrhythmia (in which there is a fluttering heartbeat). 
  • Pregnant women and lactating mothers should be careful while consuming lotus seeds as lotus seeds produce excessive heat in the body which may be harmful 
  • The elderly and children should also be cautious before consuming lotus seeds.7 

Consult your doctor before consuming lotus seeds if you have any pre-existing diseases. 

Interactions with Other Drugs

Lotus seeds may interact with diabetic medicines like insulin. You must consult your doctor before you consume lotus seeds if you are on diabetic medicines.7 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the uses of lotus seeds? 

Lotus seeds may be used to relieve pain, manage weight and reduce blood sugar levels. It may be used to reduce depression and anxiety. Lotus seeds can be used for microbial infections, cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, lotus seeds can be used to protect the liver.1-6 You must consult your doctor if you suspect any of the mentioned conditions instead of self-medicating.  

Can lotus seeds be used to manage weight? 

Yes, lotus seeds are used to manage weight. Lotus seeds may inhibit the formation of fat cells (adipocytes) and reduce the weight of the fat tissues.1 However, you must consult your dietician before making any diet changes. 

Which drugs interact with lotus seeds? 

Lotus seeds may interact with diabetic medicines like insulin. You must consult your doctor before you consume lotus seeds if you are on diabetic medicines.7 

How can you consume lotus seeds? 

Lotus seeds can be consumed as cooked, uncooked, ripened or raw. Lotus seeds can be used as roasted or ground and boiled into syrups.1 You must consult a qualified doctor before taking lotus seeds in large quantities. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

What are the side effects of lotus seeds? 

Excessive consumption of lotus seeds may cause side effects. If you are allergic to nuts and seeds, you may also be allergic to lotus seeds. Lotus seeds may cause constipation, flatulence and bloating.7 If you notice any allergic reaction to consuming lotus seed, seek immediate medical attention. First, consult your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you; they will be able to identify the cause and treat it effectively. 

References:

  1. Arooj M, Imran S, Inam‐ur‐Raheem M, Rajoka MS, Sameen A, Siddique R, Sahar A, Tariq S, Riaz A, Hussain A, Siddeeg A. Lotus seeds (Nelumbinis semen) as an emerging therapeutic seed: A comprehensive review. Food Science & Nutrition. 2021 Jul;9 (7):3971-87. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fsn3.2313 
  1. Soumya H, Rachana S, Jasnoor K. A Review on Health Benefits of Lotus Seeds (Nelumbo nucifera). 2019 Dec; 5. 92-96. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337856597_A_Review_on_Health_Benefits_of_Lotus_Seeds_Nelumbo_nucifera 
  1. Mani SS, Subramanian IP, Pillai SS, Muthusamy K. Evaluation of hypoglycemic activity of inorganic constituents in Nelumbo nucifera seeds on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Biological trace element research. 2010 Dec;138 (1):226-37. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12011-010-8614-4 
  1. Poornima P, Weng CF, Padma VV. Neferine, an alkaloid from lotus seed embryo, inhibits human lung cancer cell growth by MAPK activation and cell cycle arrest. Biofactors. 2014 Jan;40 (1):121-31. Available from: https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/biof.1115 
  1. Chakravarthi PV, Gopakumar N, Nair AM, Joy AD. Assessment of analgesic activity of red and white lotus seeds (Nelumbo nucifera) in albino rats. Journal of Natural Remedies. 2009 Jun 1:224-7. Available from: https://indianjournalsonline.com/index.php/jnr/article/download/244/244 
  1. Makhana side effects [Internet]. Makhana. 2020 [cited 2022Dec12]. Available from: https://makhana.org/makhana-growers/makhana-side-effects/ 

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