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Drumstick (Sahjan): Uses, Benefits, Side Effects and More!

By Dr Rajeev Singh +2 more

Introduction

Every part of the drumstick might contain essential properties for human health; hence, it may be one of the crucial nutritional herbs. For many years, the drumstick has been used as a traditional medicine. According to the Ayurvedic system of medicine, drumsticks may have potential use and be helpful for various diseases due to their high nutritional value, water retention and capacity for purification1.

drumsticks benefits

Nutritional Value of Drumstick

Drumstick provides large and rare varieties of vital minerals and nutrients. Pods, leaves, flowers, barks, roots and seeds of drumsticks also contain bioactive compounds2.

  • Energy: 37 kcal 
  • Protein: 2.1 g 
  • Fat: 0.2 g
  • Carbohydrate: 8.53 g 
  • Fibre: 3.2 g 
  • Calcium: 30 mg
  • Iron: 0.36 mg
  • Magnesium: 45 mg
  • Phosphorus: 50 mg
  • Potassium: 461 mg
  • Sodium: 42 mg 
  • Zinc: 0.45 mg 
  • Copper: 0.084 mg 
  • Manganese: 0.259 mg 
  • Selenium: 0.7  µg
  • Vitamin C: 141 mg 
  • Thiamine: 0.053 mg
  • Riboflavin: 0.074 mg 
  • Vitamin B6: 0.12 mg 
  • Folate: 44  µg
  • Vitamin A : 4  µg

Properties of Drumstick

The major constituents of the drumstick possess biological activities that might play a role in its potential use in several medicinal systems such as Ayurveda, homeopathy, Unani, yoga, naturopathy, and Siddha1. The potential properties of drumstick are as follows3

  • It may have an antioxidant property  
  • It may be an anti-diabetic (reduces blood glucose levels)  
  • It may have anti-cancer (prevents the growth of cancer cells) potential  
  • It may have an anti-seizure property      
  • It may be an anti-asthmatic  
  • It might help in the alleviation of inflammation    
  • It may act as an anti-parasitic agent  
  • It may have an anti-bacterial property  
  • It may have an antifungal property  
  • It may be an anti-pyretic (reduces fever) agent    
  • It may act as an anti-ulcer (reduces the formation of ulcers)agent    
  • It might have an anti-spasmodic (relieves muscle spasms) property  
  • It may have an anti-allergic potential  
  • It may help with blood pressure-lowering  
  • It might help with kidney stone reduction  
  • It might be hepatoprotective (prevents damage to the liver)  
  • It might help with cholesterol-lowering  
  • It may act as a laxative (manage constipation)  
  • It may act as a diuretic (promotes urine formation)1

Potential Uses of Drumstick (Sahjan) for Overall Health

Drumsticks might have a wide range of uses with high nutritional value. Various parts of this plant act as stimulants that might possess various activities employed to help with different diseases in the indigenous systems of medicine, particularly in South Asia4. Some of the potential uses of drumstick are described as follows. 

1. Potential Uses of Drumstick for Diabetes

The leaf extract of drumstick might show potential anti-diabetic properties that might help lower blood glucose levels. An animal study5 (Gupta R et al. 2012) showed that the extract of leaves of drumsticks might help reduce the progression of diabetes and may induce a reduction in serum glucose levels by increasing the production of protein and insulin hormone. 

Another animal study6 showed that the extract of drumstick leaves might help control glucose levels, urinary sugar and protein levels, haemoglobin, and total protein in the blood.  However, more studies are required to ascertain the above-mentioned claims. Kindly consult a doctor, as diabetes is a serious condition and should be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. 

2. Potential Uses of Drumstick for Wound Healing

Various animal studies7 (B.S. Rathi et al. 2006, V.I. Hukkeri et al. 2006) suggest that the extracts from dried leaves of drumsticks might show wound healing action in animal models over granuloma (dead space), excision, and incision. It also significantly decreases scar area, might help in increasing wound closure, and may strengthen skin healing. However, more studies are required on humans to prove the potential uses of drumsticks for wound healing.  

3. Potential Uses of Drumstick for Kidney

Barks, leaves, seeds, flowers, and roots of drumsticks might have a diuretic activity that may be helpful for urine formation in patients with kidney dysfunction. It might also help to lower the deposition of oxalate salts (stones forming units) in the kidneys. An animal study8 (R.V. Karadi et al. 2008) found that the extract of drumstick root lowers the kidney retention of salts and excretion in the urine. Moreover, these extracts also reduce elevated serum uric acid and creatinine levels. This information is insufficient as these studies were done on animals. However, more studies on humans are required to back this claim. Kidney diseases are serious and must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor, so kindly consult a doctor. We recommend do not use drumsticks to self-medicate.

4. Potential Uses of Drumstick for Cancer

The leaves and seeds of the drumstick might show potential anti-tumour activity. They contain certain compounds which might act as inhibitors and may inhibit the activity of tumour-promoting molecules10. In-vitro studies9 on human cancer cells showed the potential toxic effects of drumstick leaf extracts on cancer cells at the highest dose, contributing to the least survival of cancerous cells. However, much more extensive research is required to prove the potential use of drumsticks for cancer. Moreover, cancer is a serious condition and must be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.  

5. Other Potential Uses of Drumstick

  • Barks, leaves, seeds, and roots of drumsticks might have anti-microbial activity against bacteria and fungi and might be prescribed by your Ayurvedic physician for specific conditions1.
  • When mixed with sesame oil, the gum produced by the drumstick might help with digestive problems, headaches, dysentery (infection in the stomach), fevers and asthma4.
  • The juice from the bark of the drumstick root might help with earache (pain inside the ear) and toothache4

Though there are studies that show the potential uses of drumsticks in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of drumsticks on human health.   

How to Use Drumstick?

Drumstick can be used in the following ways: 

  • The entire plant might have potential use for muscle spasms or muscle cramps11. It might also act as a cardiac and circulatory tonic and may act as an antiseptic and a diuretic. 
  • The seeds of drumsticks are acidic and contain many stimulants that might be helpful for the central nervous system (CNS)11
  • The bark of the stem and flowers of the drumstick might be helpful in lowering glucose levels in the blood11
  • Flowers of drumsticks might stimulate gallbladder contraction and increase the flow of bile. 
  • Pods of drumsticks might be helpful for a high fever. 
  • The juice of the leaf of the drumstick might help with hiccoughs (contractions of the diaphragm)11.  
  • Leaves of drumstick might be helpful for influenza (viral infection of the respiratory system). 
  • The dried root bark of drumstick might help with piles, goitre (swelling of the thyroid gland) and internal abscess (formation of pus)11

You should always consult your doctor before consuming a drumstick for regular use. They will be the best person to prescribe you the correct form and dosage as per your health condition. 

You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor. 

Side Effects of Drumstick

Over the last few years, drumsticks have been significantly researched due to their natural origin and fewer side effects. It is an anti-allergic agent and might be used as a herbal remedy under the supervision of an Ayurvedic physician. However, some people might experience allergic reactions to the seedpods of the drumstick. The most common side effects are: 

  • Facial angioedema (swelling underneath the skin) 
  • Hypotension (low blood pressure) 
  • Irritation of the skin in the lower limb 
  • Occupational asthma is caused by exposure to inhaled irritants.  

Precautions to Take with Drumstick

Drumstick (Sahjan) is generally considered to be safe if it is consumed in small quantities. However, general precautions have to be followed to avoid complications. 

  • Drumstick may act as an anti-fertility agent and may lead to abortion. It also affects the process of implantation during pregnancy12. Hence, pregnant women should take precautions while consuming drumsticks. Avoid having dishes made from drumsticks. However, if any unusual symptoms occur, immediately consult your Ayurvedic physician. 
  • The seedpods of drumsticks might cause severe allergic reactions, leading to skin irritation, low blood pressure, and swelling all over the body.  Hence, extra precautions need to be taken by sensitive individuals to avoid such hypersensitivity reactions. Consult your Ayurvedic physician if any health-related issue appears. 

Kindly do not self-medicate, alter, replace, or discontinue any ongoing treatment on your own. Please ensure to consult your doctor regarding health issues. 

Interactions with Other Medicines

Drumstick contains many bioactive compounds, which interact with certain drug-metabolising enzymes, resulting in alterations in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination from the body and possibly causing toxicity and failure of treatment. The leaf extract of the drumstick inhibits one of such enzymes, which is responsible for the detoxification of medicines. 

Kindly consult a doctor before consuming drumsticks and make sure that it is safe for you.  

Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs)

What vitamins are present in drumsticks? 

Drumstick contain vitamins such as vitamin A, C, B1, B2, B6, and B9, which might be beneficial for various health conditions2. However, people should not use drumsticks to self-medicate prior to consulting a doctor. 

Are drumsticks good for pregnancy? 

There is insufficient and inconclusive data regarding the potential use of drumsticks during pregnancy. Kindly consult your gynaecologist and confirm its safety before eating it.  

Does a drumstick help manage thyroid? 

Yes, the leaf extracts of the drumstick might be helpful for thyroid hormones, which might further help with hyperthyroidism (excess thyroid hormones)13.

What is the primary diagnostic test for an allergy caused by a drumstick? 

A skin prick test is a potential diagnostic tool for determining allergic reactions caused by drumstick.

Is moringa and drumstick the same?

Yes, moringa and drumstick typically refer to the same plant, Moringa oleifera. In some regions, the long, slender pods of the Moringa tree are commonly referred to as drumsticks due to their resemblance to drumsticks used in percussion instruments. Moringa is known for its nutritional benefits and is consumed in various forms worldwide.

Does the drumstick have calcium?

Yes, drumstick (Moringa oleifera) contains calcium, albeit in relatively modest amounts compared to other calcium-rich foods. However, it can still contribute to your overall calcium intake, which is important for maintaining bone health, especially during pregnancy and lactation.

Does a drumstick increase uric acid?

Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) is not known to significantly increase uric acid levels. In fact, it is often considered beneficial for managing uric acid due to its anti-inflammatory properties and potential to support kidney health. However, individual responses to foods can vary, so it’s advisable to monitor your body’s reaction and consult with a healthcare professional if you have concerns about uric acid levels.

Does a drumstick increase blood pressure?

Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) is not known to significantly increase blood pressure. In fact, it may have the opposite effect due to its high potassium content, which can help regulate blood pressure by counteracting the effects of sodium. However, individual responses to foods can vary, so it’s essential to monitor your blood pressure levels and consult with a healthcare professional if you have concerns.

Can drumsticks be eaten raw?

Yes, drumstick pods can be eaten raw, but they are often cooked before consumption to soften their tough texture and enhance flavour. However, some people enjoy adding raw drumsticks to salads or using them as a crunchy addition to dishes.

Is the drumstick high in potassium?

Yes, the drumstick (moringa) is high in potassium. It contains significant amounts of this essential mineral, which plays a crucial role in maintaining proper heart and muscle function.

References

  1. Paikra BK, Dhongade HKJ, Gidwani B. Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Lam. J Pharmacopunc. 2017 Sep 24;20(3):194-200. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5633671/pdf/2093-6966-v20-n03-194.pdf 
  2. Kashyap P, Kumar S, Riar CS, Jindal N, Baniwal P, Guiné RPF, et al. Recent Advances in Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) Leaves Bioactive Compounds: Composition, Health Benefits, Bioaccessibility, and Dietary Applications. Antioxidants. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8869219/
  3. Zarina N, Wani AW, Rawat M, Kaur H, Das S, Kaur T, et al. Medicinal utilization and nutritional properties of drumstick (Moringa oleifera)—A comprehensive review. Food Science & Nutrition. 2024 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11266908/ 
  4. Anwar F, Latif S, Ashraf M, Gilani AH. Moringa oleifera: a food plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytotherapy Research [Internet]. 2006 Nov 6;21(1):17–25. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ptr.2023 
  5. Khan W, Parveen R, Chester K, Parveen S, Ahmad S. Hypoglycemic Potential of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaf and In Vivo GC-MS Metabolomics. Frontiers in Pharmacology [Internet]. 2017 Sep 12;8. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5601078/ 
  6. Jaiswal D, Rai PK, Kumar A, Mehta S, Watal G. Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves aqueous extract therapy on hyperglycemic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2009 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19501271/ 
  7. Lambole V, Kumar U. Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. on normal and dexamethasone suppressed wound healing. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2012 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257746666_Effect_of_Moringa_oleifera_Lam_on_normal_and_dexamethasone_suppressed_wound_healing 
  8. Karadi RV, Palkar MB, Gaviraj EN, Gadge NB, Mannur VS, Alagawadi KR. Antiurolithiatic property of Moringa oleifera root bark. Pharmaceutical Biology. 2008 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13880200802367189 
  9. Bhadresha K, Thakore V, Brahmbhatt J, Upadhyay V, Jain N, Rawal R. Anticancer effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract against lung cancer cell line via induction of apoptosis. Advances in Cancer Biology – Metastasis. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667394022000466 
  10. Wu YY, Xu YM, Lau ATY. Anti-cancer and medicinal potentials of moringa isothiocyanate. Molecules. 2021 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8708952/ 
  11. Prajapati C, Ankola M, Upadhyay TK, Sharangi AB, Alabdallah NM, Al-Saeed FA, et al. Moringa oleifera: Miracle plant with a plethora of medicinal, therapeutic, and economic importance. Horticulturae. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/6/492 
  12. Attah AF, Moody JO, Sonibare MA, Salahdeen HH, Akindele OO, Nnamani PO, et al. Aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaf used in Nigerian ethnomedicine alters conception and some pregnancy outcomes in Wistar rat. South African Journal of Botany. 2019 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629919305526 
  13. Tahiliani P, Kar A. Role of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in the regulation of thyroid hormone status in adult male and female rats. Pharmacological Research. 2000 [cited 2025 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12640687_Role_of_Moringa_oleifera_leaf_extract_in_the_regulation_of_thyroid_hormone_status_in_adult_male_and_female_rats 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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