यह एक साधारण खून परीक्षण है जो गुर्दे के कामकाज को जांचने में मदद करता है। यह परीक्षण आपके खून में यूरिया नाइट्रोजन की मात्रा की जांच करता है।
नमूना प्रकार
खून
उपवास \ खाली पेट रहना जरूरी:
नहीं
अलियास
बन (BUN) टेस्ट
नमूना प्रकार
BUN प्रोफाइल टेस्ट के परिणाम आपके खून के नमूने के विश्लेषण पर आधारित होते हैं। इसके लिए आपको एक ही ब्लड सैंपल देना होगा।
एक वार्षिक खून यूरिया नाइट्रोजन परीक्षण गुर्दे की बीमारी, यकृत क्षति या अन्य स्थितियों का निदान करने में मदद करता है। यदि BUN टेस्ट के परिणाम एक निदान की पुष्टि करते हैं, तो आपको उचित दवा के लिए डॉक्टर से परामर्श करना चाहिए। अपने निदान और दवा के आधार पर, आपको हर महीने या तीन महीने में परीक्षण दोहराना होगा। यह उपचार की प्रभावशीलता की निगरानी के लिए किया जाता है। यदि पिछले BUN प्रोफ़ाइल परीक्षा परिणाम सामान्य हो जाते हैं तो परीक्षण वार्षिक हो सकता है।
परीक्षण खून में यूरिया नाइट्रोजन की उपस्थिति और मात्रा को मापता है।
यह एकमात्र पैरामीटर है जिसे BUN टेस्ट के दौरान मापा जाता है। यह मूल्य गुर्दे के कामकाज के बारे में एक विचार देता है और क्या उनका अनुचित कामकाज किसी अन्य क्षेत्र (ओं) को प्रभावित कर रहा है। खून यूरिया नाइट्रोजन परीक्षण का परिणाम सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक के रूप में व्यक्त नहीं किया जाता है। मूल्य या तो उच्च पक्ष या निम्न पक्ष पर होते हैं, जो गुर्दे या यकृत के विकार को इंगित करते हैं।
हालांकि, BUN टेस्ट से यह तय नहीं हो सकता कि किडनी पूरी तरह से खराब है या नहीं। ऐसे में अगर BUN टेस्ट के नतीजे सामान्य नहीं हैं तो डॉक्टर आपको क्रिएटिनिन टेस्ट कराने के लिए कहेंगे। यह एक खून परीक्षण भी है जो आपके गुर्दे के स्वास्थ्य को प्रकट करता है क्योंकि खून यूरिया नाइट्रोजन परीक्षण बहुत अकेले प्रकट नहीं कर सकता है। BUN रेंज और क्रिएटिनिन रेंज दोनों की तुलना आपके गुर्दे के साथ क्या हो रहा है, इसकी बेहतर तस्वीर देने के लिए की जाती है।
ब्लड यूरिया नाइट्रोजन प्रोफाइल टेस्ट खून में यूरिया की मात्रा को मापता है। इसका उपयोग यह समझने के लिए भी किया जाता है कि आपकी किडनी सामान्य रूप से काम कर रही है या नहीं।
यदि आप निम्नलिखित स्थितियों का सामना कर रहे हैं तो आपके खून में असामान्य BUN स्तर हो सकते हैंः
ऐसी शिकायतों वाले लोगों के लिए, अन्य परीक्षणों के बीच, खून यूरिया नाइट्रोजन परीक्षण परामर्श चिकित्सक द्वारा निर्धारित किया जाता है।
कुछ बीमारी की स्थिति जिसके लिए BUN टेस्ट निर्धारित किया गया हैः
एक बार समस्या का निदान हो जाने के बाद, परामर्श चिकित्सक गुर्दे या यकृत रोग के लिए उपचार शुरू करेगा। खून यूरिया नाइट्रोजन टेस्ट को हर महीने शुरू में और फिर 3 महीने या 6 महीने में आपकी दवा को विनियमित या बदलने के लिए निर्धारित किया जा सकता है।
खून यूरिया नाइट्रोजन टेस्ट पुरुषों और महिलाओं दोनों के लिए लागू है। इसके अलावा, कुछ मामलों में, परीक्षण किशोरों और बच्चों को निर्धारित किया जा सकता है।
BUN का कोई निश्चित मूल्य नहीं है जो गुर्दे की विफलता को इंगित करता है। इस निदान का समर्थन करने के लिए, डॉक्टर आपको अतिरिक्त परीक्षण करने के लिए कह सकते हैं।
जी हां, 23 का बीयूएन (BUN) का स्तर बहुत ज्यादा है क्योंकि सामान्य रेंज 2.1 से 8.5 मिलीमोल प्रति लीटर के बीच है।
आप अपनी जीवन शैली को बदलकर अपने खून यूरिया नाइट्रोजन के स्तर को कम कर सकते हैं। सबसे बुनियादी बात यह है कि हाइड्रेटेड रहें और बहुत सारे तरल पदार्थ पीएं, क्योंकि निर्जलीकरण उच्च BUN स्तर के कारणों में से एक है। इसके अलावा आपको अपने प्रोटीन का सेवन कम करना चाहिए और अत्यधिक शारीरिक व्यायाम करने से बचना चाहिए। एक स्वस्थ जीवन शैली का नेतृत्व करना और स्वाभाविक रूप से अपने BUN स्तर को कम करने के लिए स्वच्छ भोजन खाना महत्वपूर्ण है। इन सबके साथ, डॉक्टर की दी हुई सलाह एवं दवाइयों का सेवन समय पर अवश्य करें।
आप स्वस्थ खाने और नियमित रूप से व्यायाम करके अपने खून यूरिया के स्तर को कम कर सकते हैं। हालांकि, भारी व्यायाम से बचना सुनिश्चित करें क्योंकि यह आपके शरीर को तनाव दे सकता है। क्रिएटिनिन वाले स्वास्थ्य पूरक लेने से बचें। साथ ही प्रोटीन का कम सेवन करें और अपनी डाइट में फाइबर को ज्यादा शामिल करें।
खून में यूरिया की मात्रा के अधिक होने का कारण किडनी की समस्या हो सकती है। ऐसे में आपको अपने चिकित्सक की सलाह से ही खानपान एवं नमक और पानी की मात्रा में बदलाव करना चाहिए। कई बार किडनी के मरीजों को पानी कम पीने की सलाह भी दी जा सकती है।
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ब्रॉकली, पहले सिर्फ़ पश्चिमी देशों में लोकप्रिय थी, लेकिन अब पूरी दुनिया में लोग नए सिरे से इसमें दिलचस्पी ले रहे हैं। ब्रॉकली, एक स्वादिष्ट सब्जी है जो कई शाखाओं और फूलों वाले एक छोटे पेड़ की तरह दिखती है, धीरे-धीरे यह सबसे ज़्यादा इस्तेमाल होने वाला सुपरफूड बन रहा है। ब्रॉकली का वैज्ञानिक नाम ब्रैसिका ओलेरेसिया है। यह ब्रैसिसेकी परिवार का सदस्य है, इसके अन्य सदस्यों में गोभी, फूलगोभी, केल आदि शामिल हैं। इस परिवार के सदस्य विटामिन, खनिज, ग्लाइकोसाइड्स, डाइटरी फ़ाइबर आदि से भरपूर होते हैं। इसके उच्च पोषण मूल्य के कारण, ब्रॉकली को अन्य नामों से जैसे “पोषण का ताज रत्न” से भी जाना जाता है।
यह सर्दियों में पैदा होने वाली फसल है जिसकी खेती बड़े पैमाने पर भूमध्यसागरीय क्षेत्रों में की जाती है।1 ब्रॉकली का सेवन कई तरह से किया जाता है; इसका उपयोग विभिन्न रेसिपी में किया जा सकता है, जैसे सलाद में एक स्टैंडअलोन घटक के रूप में, स्टीम्ड और स्प्रिंगकल्ड चॉइस के सीज़निंग के साथ और साइड डिश के रूप में सेवन किया जाता है, इसे स्टिर-फ्राइड करके या उबालकर और सूप के रूप में तैयार किया जाता है।2 आइए इस सुपरफूड के फ़ायदे, पोषण मूल्य और दुष्प्रभाव के बारे में और अधिक जानें।
Broccoli Ke Poshak Tatva:
ब्रॉकली में कई तरह के पोषक तत्व होते हैं जो नीचे दी गई टेबल में दिए गए हैं। ये विटामिन, खनिज, डाइटरी फ़ाइबर, सल्फर युक्त यौगिकों, एंटीकैंसर और एंटीऑक्सिडेंट जैसे विभिन्न प्रकार के यौगिकों से भरपूर होते हैं।
Here is the information in pointer format:
ब्रॉकली (फ्लोरेट्स) के पोषक तत्व2,3,4,5
वैज्ञानिक अध्ययनों में पाया गया है कि ब्रॉकली खाने से नीचे बताए गए कई गुण दिखाई देते हैं जो इस प्रकार हैं:
अच्छे स्वास्थ्य के लिए ब्रॉकली के संभावित उपयोग:
ब्रॉकली के कुछ संभावित फ़ायदों का वर्णन इस प्रकार है:
ब्रॉकली में एक जैव रासायनिक यौगिक, सल्फोराफेन होता है जिसमें एंटीकार्सिनोजेनिक गुण होते हैं। लियू एट अल। स्क्वैमस सेल कार्सिनोमा इन-विट्रो और इन-विवो को लक्षित करने पर ब्रॉकली के प्रभाव का आकलन करने के लिए 2017 में एक अध्ययन किया गया। अध्ययन के नतीजे बताते हैं कि ब्रॉकली का कैंसर पर सकारात्मक प्रभाव पड़ा और ट्यूमर दबा। यह संकेत दे सकता है कि ब्रॉकली का सेवन कैंसर की घटना से बचने में मदद कर सकता है, हालाँकि इन दावों का समर्थन करने के लिए मनुष्यों पर और अधिक अध्ययन करने की ज़रूरत है।6
फैटी लीवर एक अम्ब्रेला टर्म है जिसे लीवर में अधिक वसा जमा होने के कारण होने वाली कई बीमारियों को शामिल करने के लिए जाना जाता है। अध्ययनों से पता चला है कि ब्रॉकली का सेवन फैटी लीवर के विकास को धीमा कर सकता है। चेन एट अल। चूहों में फैटी लीवर पर ब्रॉकली के सेवन के प्रभावों का निरीक्षण करने के लिए 2016 में एक अध्ययन किया गया। ब्रॉकली के छह महीने के सेवन से लीवर एंजाइम के स्तर में कमी, NAFLD (नॉन-अल्कोहलिक फैटी लीवर डिसीज़) स्कोर और हेपेटिक नियोप्लाज्म के गठन में कमी देखी गई। हालाँकि इन दावों का समर्थन करने के लिए मनुष्यों पर और अधिक अध्ययन करने की ज़रूरत है।7
पुराने ऑस्टियोआर्थराइटिस एक डिजेनरटिव जॉइंट डिसीज़ है। ब्रॉकली में सल्फोराफेन (आइसोथियोसाइनेट) होता है जिसमें एंटी-इंफ्लेमेटरी गुण होते हैं। डेविडसन एट अल। ऑस्टियोआर्थराइटिस पर ब्रॉकली के सेवन के प्रभाव का आकलन करने के लिए 2017 में एक अध्ययन किया गया। 14 दिनों तक ब्रॉकली के 100 ग्राम सेवन से आइसोथियोसाइनेट के स्तर में सुधार हुआ, हालाँकि मनुष्यों पर इसके कार्यात्मक परिणाम के बारे में और अधिक करने की ज़रूरत है।8
अल्ज़ाइमर रोग बुजुर्गों में एक बहुत ही सामान्य न्यूरोडीजेनेरेटिव रोग है जो मानसिक कार्यों और स्मृति को कम करता है। इस बीमारी का मुख्य कारण एमाइलॉयड जमा होना और ऑक्सीडेटिव तनाव है। ज़ांग एट अल। अल्ज़ाइमर पर ब्रॉकली में मौजूद सल्फोराफेन के प्रभावों का आकलन करने के लिए 2015 में एक अध्ययन किया गया। इसका अध्ययन चूहों में किया गया था और यह पाया गया कि ब्रॉकली जिसमें सल्फोराफेन होता है, उनमें न्यूरोप्रोटेक्टिव प्रभाव होता है और मस्तिष्क को एमिलॉयड जमा और ऑक्सीडेटिव तनाव से बचाने में मदद करता है। इसलिए, ऐसी संभावना है कि ब्रॉकली का सेवन अल्ज़ाइमर रोग को रोकने में मदद कर सकता है, लेकिन इन दावों का समर्थन करने के लिए मनुष्यों पर और अधिक अध्ययन करने की ज़रूरत है।9
क्रोनिक ऑक्सीडेटिव तनाव शौच प्रक्रिया में देरी कर सकता है। फ़ाइबर से भरपूर आहार पाचन प्रक्रिया में सहायता कर सकता है और कब्ज से राहत दिला सकता है। ब्रॉकली फ़ाइबर से भरपूर होने के अलावा एक एंटीऑक्सीडेंट सल्फोराफेन से भी भरपूर होती है। अकिनोरी एट अल। शौच पर ब्रॉकली-पूरक आहार के प्रभावों का आकलन करने के लिए 2018 में एक अध्ययन किया। प्रतिभागियों से 4 सप्ताह तक रोजाना 20 ग्राम कच्ची ब्रॉकली खाने का अनुरोध किया गया। ब्रॉकली के चार सप्ताह के सेवन से आंतों की आदतों में सुधार देखा गया। इस प्रकार, यह निष्कर्ष निकाला जा सकता है कि ब्रॉकली का सेवन अच्छे गैस्ट्रोइंटेस्टाइनल स्वास्थ्य को बेहतर बनाने में मदद कर सकता है।10
हालाँकि कई ऐसे अध्ययन हैं जो ब्रॉकली के विभिन्न स्थितियों में फायदे दिखाते हैं, लेकिन ये अभी अपर्याप्त हैं और मानव स्वास्थ्य पर ब्रॉकली के फ़ायदों के बारे में ठीक से जानने के लिए और अध्ययन करने की ज़रूरत है।
ब्रॉकली का इस्तेमाल निम्नलिखित तरीकों से किया जा सकता है:
कोई भी हर्बल सप्लीमेंट लेने से पहले आपको किसी योग्य डॉक्टर से सलाह लेनी चाहिए। किसी योग्य डॉक्टर से परामर्श किए बिना, आपको आयुर्वेदिक/हर्बल के साथ आधुनिक तरीके से चल रहे इलाज को बंद या बदलना नहीं चाहिए।
ब्रॉकली के सेवन से संबंधित कुछ दुष्प्रभाव में नीचे दिए गए हैं:
हालाँकि, यदि आप ब्रॉकली की नकारात्मक प्रतिक्रिया का अनुभव करते हैं, तो तुरंत एक डॉक्टर या अपने आयुर्वेदिक डॉक्टर से संपर्क करें जिसने आपको इसके बारे में बताया है। वे आपके लक्षणों के आधार पर आपको उचित सलाह देंगे।
अगर ब्रॉकली का सेवन कम मात्रा में किया जाए तो ये सेहतमंद होता है। हालाँकि, दी गई स्थितियों में सामान्य सावधानियों का पालन किया जाना चाहिए:
चूंकि ब्रॉकली में विटामिन के होता है, यह रक्त को पतला करने वाली दवाओं के साथ प्रतिक्रिया कर सकता है और रक्तस्राव के ख़तरे को बढ़ा सकता है। इसलिए, आपको हमेशा अपने आयुर्वेदिक डॉक्टर से अन्य दवाओं के साथ ब्रॉकली की संभावित प्रतिक्रिया के बारे में परामर्श लेना चाहिए, और निर्देशों का पूरी तरह से पालन करना चाहिए, क्योंकि वे आपकी स्वास्थ्य और आपके द्वारा ली जा रही अन्य दवाओं के बारे में जानते हैं।11
ब्रॉकली का वैज्ञानिक नाम ब्रैसिका ओलेरेसिया है, और यह ब्रैसिसेकी परिवार का पौधा है।1
इस परिवार में क्रूसीफेरस सब्जियाँ/गोभी, फूलगोभी, केला जैसे फूल वाले पौधे आदि शामिल हैं।1
ब्रॉकली में भरपूर विटामिन, खनिज, एंटीऑक्सिडेंट, ग्लाइकोसाइड, डाइटरी फ़ाइबर आदि होते हैं, इसलिए इसमें मौजूद अधिक पोषक तत्वों के कारण इसे “पोषण का ताज रत्न ” भी कहा जाता है।1
हाँ। चूंकि ब्रॉकली में भरपूरी डाइटरी फ़ाइबर और सल्फोराफेन होता है, जो दोनों पाचन में सहायता करते हैं और फिर ऑक्सीडेटिव तनाव को भी कम करते हैं और इसलिए, यह मल त्याग में सुधार कर सकता है। हालाँकि, उचित उपचार के लिए कृपया डॉक्टर से परामर्श करें और ब्रॉकली के सेवन को आधुनिक चिकित्सा के विकल्प के रूप में नहीं माना जाता है।
आपके ब्लड प्रेशर की दवा से ब्लड प्रेशर कम करने के अलावा, ब्रॉकली में भरपूर पोटेशियम होता है, जिसके सेवन से गंभीर हाइपोटेंशन होगा। इसलिए, उचित परामर्श के लिए कृपया डॉक्टर से परामर्श करें।10
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability, or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation of the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with fatty liver grade 2, you may be wondering about the possibility of a cure and the available treatment options. In this article, we will delve into the nature of fatty liver grade 2, its causes, and whether it can be reversed or managed effectively. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is estimated to impact around 25% of the global population.1 Extra sugar is changed into a form called glycogen and stored in the body for later energy use. At any given time, the liver contains approximately one pint (around 13%) of the body’s total blood supply.2
Did you know?
Fatty liver is also called steatosis.3 Fatty liver is a condition where fat accumulates in the liver up to the level of 5% to 10% of the liver’s weight.1,3 Based on the reason for fat buildup, this condition of fatty disease can be classified into 2 types:
Fatty liver is again classified into 3 grades:
Until the disease progresses to the cirrhosis stage, fatty liver grade 2 mostly does not show any symptoms.1,3 However when present, there are symptoms like:
I may suggest, if you have liver disease, one important step you may take is to quit smoking. It’s a proactive measure that might greatly reduce the risks associated with liver disease. By giving up smoking, you might also significantly decrease your chances of developing complications like heart attack and stroke.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S M.D (Ayu)
It is recommended to see a doctor if you have been diagnosed with fatty liver grade 2 or suspect that you may have it. Symptoms may not be present in the early stages, so it is important to have regular check-ups and blood tests to monitor liver function. The crucial symptoms include:
Let me give you a helpful tip for managing fatty liver disease. Make sure to include foods that are rich in fibre in your diet. Fibre is known to have several benefits for the liver and possibly promote healthy digestion.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
The causes of NAFLD are still being investigated. Studies indicate that certain health conditions or diseases, genetic factors, and diet patterns may increase the likelihood of developing NAFLD.5
Having certain health conditions or diseases can increase your chances of developing NAFLD.
I have a friendly suggestion for you. If you have chronic liver disease, incorporating regular, caffeinated coffee into your daily routine may have some positive benefits. In fact, studies have shown that drinking three or more cups of black coffee a day might be helpful for people with fatty liver disease.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S M.S.
Risk factors for fatty liver grade 2 are as follows:
I may have some exciting news for you. Incorporating olive oil into your diet might be incredibly beneficial for your liver. You see, olive oil may have the amazing ability to raise your good cholesterol, which in turn might help protect your liver from fatty liver disease. And the best part? It’s not just your liver that benefits—olive oil may also be good for your heart.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S M.D (Ayu)
Your doctor will ask about your medical history and any conditions or diseases that increase the risk of NAFLD.
The doctor might ask about your-
Children and young people at higher risk of NAFLD, like those with type 2 diabetes, may have an ultrasound scan of their liver every 3 years.7
No specific medication is available for treating fatty liver disease. Instead, doctors concentrate on assisting individuals in managing the factors that contribute to the condition.
If you have NAFLD, it is important to reduce your alcohol intake to as low as possible because alcohol can further damage your liver.9
Since fatty liver grade 2 can worsen and result in liver failure and other complications, one should take preventive measures to avoid getting fatty liver:
NAFLD may lead to liver complications and other health problems.
Other health problems related to NAFLD include –
Also Read: Grade 1 Fatty Liver: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Reversal Strategies
Hepatic steatosis refers to the accumulation of at least 5% of liver weight as fat within the liver.4
Grapes are good for liver health, they contain bioactive compounds like flavonoids, polyphenols, anthocyanins that promote anti-cancer effect, anti-inflammatory properties. 11
Yes, one of the main symptoms of grade 2 fatty liver is pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.3
The liver possesses an incredible capacity for self-repair.3
Adopt a well-balanced eating plan that promotes gradual and consistent weight loss.3
1. Fatty Liver Disease | MedlinePlus [Internet]. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/fattyliverdisease.html
2. Liver: Anatomy and Functions | Johns Hopkins Medicine [Internet]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/liver-anatomy-and-functions
3. Fatty Liver Disease: Risk Factors, Symptoms, Types & Prevention [Internet]. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15831-fatty-liver-disease
4. Pathogenesis and Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis – PMC [Internet]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4836586/
5. Symptoms & Causes of NAFLD & NASH – NIDDK [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/symptoms-causes
6. Diagnosis of NAFLD & NASH – NIDDK [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/diagnosis
7. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) – NHS [Internet]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease/
8. Treatment for NAFLD & NASH – NIDDK [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/treatment
9. Eating, Diet, & Nutrition for NAFLD & NASH – NIDDK [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/eating-diet-nutrition
10. Definition & Facts of NAFLD & NASH – NIDDK [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/definition-facts
11. Effect of dietary supplementation of grape skin and seeds on liver fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine in rats – PMC [Internet]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2981719/
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Nephrotic syndrome is a medical condition that occurs when the kidney filters are damaged. These filters usually take back the protein in your blood and prevent it from going into the urine. When they are damaged, excess protein leaks into the urine. This can cause your body to lose important proteins that help maintain fluid balance in your blood vessels. As a result of this imbalance, some of the fluid starts to leak out into your tissues, leading to swelling, which is called oedema. You might notice swelling in your legs, ankles, or around your eyes. Your urine may also look foamy due to the extra protein in it.1
Let us discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatments available for nephrotic syndrome.
The following are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia, to look out for:
Most children with nephrotic syndrome have times when their symptoms are under control (remission), followed by times when symptoms return (relapses). In most cases, relapses become less frequent as they get older and often stop by their late teens.
Dr. Ashish Bajaj – M.B.B.S, M.D.
If you or anyone known to you starts to show symptoms of nephrotic syndrome such as swelling in the face, belly, or limbs, or skin sores, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider immediately. Similarly, in case you are undergoing treatment for nephrotic syndrome but the symptoms persist or do not improve, it is crucial to let your doctor know. In case of new symptoms such as decreased urine output, cough, fever, severe headache, or discomfort while urinating, it is also important to seek medical attention. Prompt consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended to avoid any potential complications and to manage the condition effectively.3
Nephrotic syndrome causes your kidneys to release too much protein in your urine. Causes include kidney diseases that affect the tiny filters inside your kidneys. Symptoms include swelling, high amounts of protein in your urine and low amounts of protein in your blood.
Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD
Nephrotic syndrome can be caused by:
Nephrotic syndrome is a condition caused by damage to the filtering system of the kidneys, that filter the blood and remove excess fluids. Several factors can increase the risk of developing nephrotic syndrome, including:
Here are the tests or procedures done by your healthcare provider for the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome:
Treatment for nephrotic syndrome involves managing symptoms and treating underlying causes, which may include the following:
Reduction of symptoms using medications such as:
Management of underlying cause:
It’s important to note that treatment for nephrotic syndrome is individualized based on each person’s unique situation and may involve a combination of the above treatments. Close monitoring by a healthcare professional is also necessary to manage symptoms and prevent complications.4,7
Complications of nephrotic syndrome can include:
Here are some facts about nephrotic syndrome you probably didn’t know:
Yes, nephrotic syndrome can affect children’s growth due to the effects of protein loss and steroid treatment.
Yes, nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease that causes proteins to seep into the urine.
No, nephrotic syndrome is not a contagious disease.
Yes, it does affect children.
No, there is no cure for nephrotic syndrome but the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome can be managed with the help of your healthcare provider and some lifestyle changes.2
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Haemorrhoidectomy is the surgical removal of haemorrhoids, commonly called piles. Haemorrhoids are a condition characterised by swollen veins in the anal and rectal region. Depending upon the location of haemorrhoids, these can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (around the anal opening. Haemorrhoids are managed using both non-surgical and surgical treatment along with lifestyle modifications. Usually, haemorrhoids which are recurrent, prolapsed (falling outside the rectum) and the ones which require reduction (shrinkage of haemorrhoidal mass) are often surgically removed by haemorrhoidectomy.1
Your doctor will take a detailed history and do a thorough physical examination before diagnosing haemorrhoids. He may do a digital rectal examination and a few imaging tests. Depending upon the type of haemorrhoid and the severity, he/she will decide the need for surgical excision of the haemorrhoid.1,2
Following are the indications for haemorrhoidectomy:1
Thrombosed haemorrhoids in which a blood clot is formed inside the haemorrhoid.2
Read More: 8 Best Home Remedies For Piles
In this section, we will look at the different types, procedures, available for haemorrhoidectomy:
Before performing haemorrhoidectomy, you will be given an enema for bowel clearance. It should not be painful but will make you little uneasy and uncomfortable. Haemorrhoidectomy procedures are carried out after anaesthetizing the patient with local anesthesia. The surgery procedure is usually carried out in prone jack-knife position, which requires you to lie on your stomach on a table which is flexed at 90 degrees. Your head and body will be lowered and your hips will be raised.1
The duration of hospital stay for stapled haemorrhoidectomy is one day; whereas conventional haemorrhoidectomy may require hospitalization for 6-7 days and the duration of laser surgery is short and requires no hospitalisation. As haemorrhoidectomy may require immobilization temporarily, you should always go to the hospital along with a family member or caretaker.5
Haemorrhoidectomy is contraindicated in the following conditions: 1
Haemorrhoids or piles can be managed using different treatment modalities. The surgical excision of haemorrhoids is called as haemorrhoidectomy. Different types include conventional haemorrhoidectomy (open and close), laser, LigaSure, cryosurgical, stapled haemorrhoidectomy, etc. Each type has its own benefits and risks. Your doctor or proctologist will assess the need of the surgery and weigh the benefits against the risks involved.
Haemorrhoidectomy is the surgical removal of haemorrhoids.
Yes, haemorrhoidectomy is associated with post-operative pain; but you need to worry your doctor will prescribe painkillers for managing pain.3
The different types of haemorrhoidectomy including open, closed, laser, LigaSure, stapled, cryosurgical, harmonic ultrasonic scalpel, clamp and cautery, submucosal, whitehead’s circumferential, bipolar diathermy LigaSure and Starion haemorrhoidectomy types.4
Haemorrhoidectomy is contraindicated in uncontrolled bleeding disorders, portal hypertension, Ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, faecal incontinence (not able to control bowel movements) or any medical condition which makes the patient unable to undergo anesthesia.1
Haemorrhoidectomy may increase the risk of urinary retention, pain, thrombosed haemorrhoid and bleeding.1
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability, or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation of the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
Patharchatta, also known as kalanchoe, is a perennial succulent plant widely grown in India. It is commonly known as an ‘air plant,’ as it has tall hollow stems. Kalanchoe has bell-like pendulous flowers and dark fleshy green leaves. Patharchatta is grown in temperate regions of Asia, the West Indies, Australia, New Zealand, etc. The scientific name of the plant is Bryophyllum pinnatum, and it belongs to the family Crassulaceae. Patharchatta is known as Pashanabheda in Sanskrit. It is commonly known as cathedral bells, air plant, Wonder of the World, miracle leaf, etc. Patharchatta is a medicinal plant known to be a host of therapeutic nutrients.1,2 Let us look at some of the health benefits of patharchatta.
Did you know?
Patharchatta may be rich in bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, triterpenes, cardienolides, bufadienolides, lipids, and steroids. Here are the nutritional components of Patharchatta along with their values
Several studies have shown that patharchatta may have the following properties:
In Ayurveda, the patharchatta has a fascinating name – Pashanabheda, which translates to ‘dissolver of stones.’ Its leaves have been valued in traditional and ethnomedicinal practices for their ability to possibly address urinary insufficiency as well as for the management of kidney and gallbladder stones.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Some of the potential uses of patharchatta are:
A study by Matthew et al. in 2013 on albino rats showed that patharchatta might have anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. The result suggested that the stem extract of patharchatta may reduce pain and inflammation.4 However, further studies are required to check if patharchatta may be useful in relieving pain and inflammation. Therefore, you must consult a doctor if you suspect inflammation or experience pain for a prolonged period.
A study by Phatak et al. in 2015 showed that patharchatta might be used to expel kidney stones from the body. Kidney stones are made of calcium oxalate crystals. Saponins in the patharchatta plant may dissolve the calcium oxalate crystals.5 However, further large-scale studies are yet to be done to check if patharchatta can be beneficial in the case of kidney stones. Therefore, you must immediately consult your doctor if you suspect a kidney stone.
A study by Patil et al. in 2013 showed that patharchatta might be used in the case of diabetes mellitus. A bioactive compound such as the derivative of phenyl alkyl ether in patharchatta may stimulate insulin secretion, further decreasing blood sugar levels.6 However, further studies are required to check if patharchatta can reduce blood sugar levels. Therefore, you must check your blood sugar levels regularly and consult your doctor in case of abnormal blood sugar levels.
A study by Tajudin et al. in 2022 showed that patharchatta might have anti-microbial properties. The phenolic compounds in patharchatta may disrupt the bacterial wall and reduce the toxic substances secreted by the bacteria. Patharchatta may be beneficial for typhoid and respiratory tract infections caused by bacteria.7 However, further studies are required to check if patharchatta may be beneficial for infections caused by microorganisms. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you suspect a microbial infection.
One of the reasons for stomach ulcers is excess acid secretion. Inflammatory cytokines are molecules that cause inflammation at the site of ulcers. A study by Araújo in 2018 showed that patharchatta might be used for stomach ulcers. Flavonoids in patharchatta may reduce inflammation at the site of ulcers by inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines and reducing excess acid secretion.8 However, further studies on humans are required to check if patharchatta may be beneficial for stomach ulcers. Therefore, you must immediately consult your doctor if you suspect ulcers.
A study by Nayak et al. in 2010 on rats showed that cardenolides and bufadienolides in patharchatta may possess wound-healing activity. The result suggested that patharchatta may reduce redness at the site of the wound.9 However, further studies are in need to check if patharchatta may be used to heal wounds. Therefore, you must immediately consult your doctor if your wound does not heal for a prolonged period.
Leishmaniasis is an infection caused by the Leishmania parasite. A study by Rocha et al. showed that bioactive compounds like coumarin and quercetin in patharchatta may be useful for Leishmaniasis. Patharchatta may activate reactive nitrogen species in white blood cells which are important to control the Leishmania in these cells.2 However, further studies are required to check if patharchatta can be used for Leishmaniasis. You must consult your doctor if you suspect a Leishmaniasis infection.
A study by Supertman et al. in 2001 showed that patharchatta might possess anticancer activity due to bioactive compounds like bufadienolides.1 Another study by Ueda et al. in 2022 showed that patharchatta extracts may inhibit the growth of cancerous cells. However, further studies are required to check if patharchatta may be beneficial for cancer. Therefore, you must immediately consult a doctor if you suspect cancer instead of self-medicating.
Though studies show the benefits of patharchatta in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of patharchatta on human health.
The leaves of patharchatta are like a versatile superhero with a range of amazing abilities! They may possess neurosedative and muscle relaxant properties, making them great for calming the nerves and easing tense muscles. These leaves might also have the power to regulate uterine contractions and help lower blood pressure.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Patharchatta can be consumed in the following way:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking patharchatta in large quantities or any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation of patharchatta without consulting a qualified doctor.
Did you know that the fleshy leaves of patharchatta have a hidden blessing? They can actually sprout new roots and grow into new plants if they’re broken off or accidentally discarded in garden waste.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Patharchatta is generally considered to be safe. However, a small-scale study on 20 cancer patients has reported the following side effects in animals:
If any reaction is noticed on using patharchatta, seek immediate medical attention. Consult your ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you; they will be able to identify the cause and treat it effectively.
Leaves of patharchatta has another impressive talent – it’s like a shield for the liver! This amazing plant is known for its possible potential to help in cases of damage caused by alcohol, viruses, and toxins to the liver.
Dr. Anuja Bodhare, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
The following precautions can be taken before consuming patharchatta:
Precaution should be taken before giving patharchatta to the elderly or children. You must consult your doctor before you consume patharchatta if you have any pre-existing diseases.
There is not enough evidence on the interaction of patharchatta with other drugs. Further studies on the interaction of patharchatta are required. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you are on any other medication before consuming patharchatta.10
Patharchatta can be used to heal wounds, relieve pain and reduce inflammation. It can be used to expel kidney stones, reduce blood sugar levels and inhibit the growth of microbes. It can act against cancer and reduce stomach ulcers. Additionally, it can be used for leishmaniasis.1,2,4-9 However, you must consult your doctor if you experience any symptoms of the mentioned conditions.
Patharchatta may cause fatigue, dry throat, agitation and difficulty in digestion.10 You must consult your doctor if you experience any side effects after consuming patharchatta.
As with any other general medicine, general precautions should be taken while having patharchatta. Pregnant women and lactating mothers should take special care. You must consult your doctor before having a patharchatta. Precaution should be taken before giving patharchatta to the elderly or children. In such cases, you must have patharchatta only if your doctor prescribes it.
Patharchatta may be beneficial for diabetes mellitus. A bioactive compound like phenyl alkyl ether derivatives in patharchatta may stimulate insulin secretion, further decreasing blood sugar levels.6 However, you must check your blood sugar levels regularly and consult your doctor in case of abnormal blood sugar levels.
There is not enough evidence on the interaction of patharchatta with other drugs. Further studies on the interaction of patharchatta are required. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you are on any other medication before consuming patharchatta.10
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Broccoli, earlier popularised in Western countries, is now gaining renewed interest globally. Broccoli, a yummy vegetable that looks like a mini-tree with several branches and flower heads, is slowly becoming a serious contender as the next superfood. The scientific name of Broccoli is Brassica oleracea. It is a member of the Brassicaceae family, other members include cabbage, cauliflower, kale, etc. The members of this family are rich in vitamins, minerals, glycosides, dietary fibers etc. Due to its high nutritional value, broccoli is also known as the “Crown jewel of nutrition”. It is a winter-season crop cultivated largely along the Mediterranean region.1 There are several ways in which broccoli is consumed; this versatile ingredient can be used in various recipes, as a standalone ingredient in salads, steamed and sprinkled with seasoning of choice and consumed as a side dish, stir-fried or boiled, and prepared as a soup.2 Let us know more about this superfood’s benefits, nutritional value and side effects.
Broccoli contains various nutritional components that are given in the table below. They are rich in a variety of compounds, like vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre, sulfur-containing compounds, anticancer and antioxidants. Nutritional value of broccoli (florets)2,3,4,5 given below:
Scientific literature has found that the consumption of Broccoli shows numerous properties as those mentioned below which may be:
Some of the potential benefits of Broccoli are described as follows:
Broccoli contains a biochemical compound, sulforaphane which has anticarcinogenic properties. Liu et al. conducted a study in 2017 to assess the effect of broccoli on targeting squamous cell carcinomas in vitro and in-vivo. The study results showed broccoli had a positive impact on cancer and caused tumor suppression. This may indicate that consumption of broccoli may help in avoiding the occurrence of cancers, however, more human studies to support these claims are needed.6
Fatty liver is an umbrella term which is known to include several disease conditions caused by fat accumulation in the liver. Studies show consumption of broccoli can slow down the development of fatty liver. Chen et al. conducted a study in 2016 to observe the effects of broccoli consumption on fatty liver in mice. Six months of consumption of broccoli showed decreased levels of liver enzymes, NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) scores and suppressed hepatic neoplasm formation. However, more human studies are required to ascertain these claims.7
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. Broccoli contains sulforaphane (isothiocyanate) which has anti-inflammatory properties. Davidson et al. conducted a study in 2017 to assess the effect of broccoli consumption on osteoarthritis. A 100-g consumption of broccoli for 14 days resulted in an improvement in the levels of isothiocyanate, however the functional consequence of this on humans has to be studied.8
Alzheimer’s disease is a very common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly which impairs mental functions and memory. The main cause of this disease is the occurrence of amyloid deposits and oxidative stress. Zhang et al. conducted a study in 2015 to assess the effects of sulforaphane present in broccoli on Alzheimer’s. The study was conducted in mice and it was found that broccoli which contains sulforaphane, had neuroprotective effects and helped in protecting the brain from amyloid deposits and oxidative stress. Therefore, there is a possibility that consumption of broccoli can help prevent Alzheimer’s disease, but we need more human studies to support these claims.9
Chronic oxidative stress can delay the defecation process. A diet rich in fibre can help aid the digestion process and can relieve constipation. Broccoli in addition to being rich in fibre is also rich in sulforaphane, an antioxidant. Akinori et al. conducted a study in 2018 to assess the effects of broccoli-supplemented diet on defecation. The participants were requested to eat 20g of raw broccoli daily for 4 weeks. Four weeks of broccoli consumption showed improvement in bowel habits. Thus, it can be concluded that the consumption of broccoli may help in improving overall gastrointestinal health.10
Though there are studies that show the benefits of Broccoli in various conditions, but these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Broccoli on human health.
Eating broccoli might improve your vision. Broccoli contains a compound named indole-3-carbonyl which might be able to remove environmental toxins by a specific receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor proteins (Ahr). This receptor might be responsible for the detoxification of the retina.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Broccoli can be used in the following ways:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
A few side effects related to the consumption of Broccoli include:
However, if you experience any adverse reactions to broccoli, immediately contact a doctor or your Ayurvedic physician who has prescribed it to you. They will be able to guide you appropriately for your symptoms.
Broccoli may have a beneficial role in maintaining heart health. Based on some research, people who eat broccoli regularly may have less calcium buildup in their aortas. As we know calcified aortas might lead to heart attacks or stroke. Thus, broccoli might be beneficial in reducing the risk of heart health and stroke.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Eating broccoli is healthy if taken in moderate amounts. However, general precautions must be followed in the given conditions:
As broccoli contains Vitamin K, it may interact with blood-thinning medicines and increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, you must always seek the advice of your Ayurvedic physician about the possible interaction of broccoli with other drugs, and follow the prescription thoroughly, as they will know your health condition and other medications you are taking.11
The scientific name of Broccoli is Brassica oleracea, and it is a member of the Brassicaceae family.1
Cruciferous vegetables/flowering plants included in this family are cabbage, cauliflower, kale, etc.1
Broccoli which is rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, glycosides, dietary fibres etc., is also known as the “Crown jewel of nutrition” due to its high nutritional value.1
Yes. As broccoli is rich in dietary fibre and sulforaphane, both of which aids in digestion and the latter also reduces oxidative stress and therefore, it can improve bowel defecation. However, it is advised to consult a doctor for a proper treatment and do not consider consumption of broccoli as an alternative to modern medicine.
In addition to blood pressure lowering by your blood pressure medication, consumption of broccoli, which is rich in Potassium will result in severe hypotension. So, it is advised to consult a doctor for proper advice.10
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability, or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation of the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Ginseng is a popular ancient herb used in traditional Chinese and oriental medicine. The potential remedies of ginseng are recorded in the ancient medical material “The Herbal Classic of the Divine Plowman” by Ben Cao Jing, around 2000 years ago. It belongs to the genus Panax and family Araliaceae. The scientific name of ginseng is Panax ginseng Meyer and is also known as the “King of Herbs”.1,2 Ginseng is a perennial herb (lasts for several years).3
The roots of ginseng are more sought after for use than the other parts due to their nutritional and medicinal properties. The ginseng roots look similar to human shape and called as “Man root”. The Genus Panax is a Greek word which refer to “all healing” and it is believed that it may heal all parts of the human body.3
Ginseng contains 80-90% organic and 10% inorganic substances. The active biological constituents present in ginseng are carbohydrates, saponins, amino acids, peptides, essential oils, vitamins, ginsenosides (saponins like steroids), phytosterol and minerals. Ginseng also contains many important elements. The nutritional value per 100g of ginseng is as given below:
Based on my experience, it’s worth noting that ginseng may have promising role against cancer. Research suggests that individuals who consume ginseng preparations may have a lower risk of developing cancers in various organs, including the stomach, lungs, liver, pancreas, ovaries, colon, and oral cavity.
Did you know?
The therapeutic properties of ginseng are:
Some of the potential uses of ginseng are:
Clinical trials conducted by Kiefer, 2003 to investigate the role of Panax ginseng in psychological functions showed positive effects on psychomotor functions like better attention, social functioning, processing, and reaction time along with mental health. Therefore, ginseng may have potential benefits in improving psychological function.6
The antioxidant property of ginseng may help in decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species, an important aspect of ageing. Consuming ginseng may have some potential in coping with age-related diseases and disorders like Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis (a disease with damaged protective nerve coverings), stroke and other cognition-related diseases, by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species.9
Ginseng may have potential benefit in managing diabetes. It might work through various mechanisms like increasing insulin secretion from β- cells, improving the metabolic rate of an individual which may lead to increase glucose utilization and decreased storage of glucose, and reducing the enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. These mechanisms may help in reducing glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen to glucose) which may further reduce hyperglycaemia.1
Numerous research (compiled by Szczuka et al, 2019) has been conducted to study the anti-microbial action of ginseng on various microbes like S. aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., and Candida albicans. The extracts of American ginseng inhibited the growth of these microorganisms. Thus, suggesting that ginseng may have potential therapeutic action as an anti-microbial agent.9
Ginseng might have some immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects. The active constituent of ginseng, ginsenoside, may increase both the immune responses namely, humoral and cell mediated and may also exert cytotoxic effects on tumour cells.8
Though studies show the benefits of Ginseng in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of Ginseng on human health.
Generally, ginseng is synonymous with dried root, but researchers have proved the beneficial potential of berries and leaves of the plant.1 Extract or powder of ginseng may also be used as a bioactive potential which adds variations to the source available.2,5 Ginseng powder is also added to the mineral and multivitamins supplements to increase the efficacy of both.5 It is also be used in various other forms like tea, alcoholic extract.3
One should always consult an Ayurvedic physician before consuming ginseng in large quantities or for therapeutic benefits. They will be the best person to prescribe you the correct form and dosage as per your health condition.
The consumption of ginseng has been shown to produce side effects like an increase in blood pressure, insomnia, stomach disturbances and nervousness. Ginseng taken in high amount can show symptoms of confusion and depression. Ginseng might contain some endocrine-like substance that has shown negative effects on neonatal development. The use of ginseng has may cause swollen and painful breasts in females.5 Other side effects include headache, skin rashes, menstrual problems, loss of appetite, palpitations, increased heart rate, vertigo, dizziness, breast pain, etc.7
In my experience, I have observed that ginseng, specifically the active compound called ginsenoside found in the root of Panax ginseng, has shown potential benefits in Alzheimer’s disease. Ginsenoside has been found to have neurotrophic effects, which means it supports the growth and function of nerve cells involved in memory and learning. Additionally, it exhibits neuroprotective actions that help stop the degeneration of neurons, which can contribute to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
The consumption of ginseng should be avoided if you are taking anti-depressants like Phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and blood thinners like warfarin.5 Cautions should be taken when consuming ginseng with oral hypoglycaemic (agents which decrease high blood glucose level), insulin, caffeine, and anti-hypertensive agents (drugs that decrease high blood pressure).6 Pharmacists and health professionals should create awareness among people and educate them about the potential side effects of other drugs with ginseng. Doctors or ayurvedic physicians should be consulted before taking ginseng with drugs.
No, ginseng should be avoided during pregnancy as it can cause birth defects and can negatively impact neonatal development.5,7
Ginseng may have potential benefits in decreasing blood glucose levels, assisting in learning and memory, reversing insomnia, inhibiting the growth of tumour cells, enhancing physical performances and inhibiting platelet aggregation.5,8
Avoid consuming ginseng if you are on anti-depressants, oral hypoglycaemics, blood thinners like warfarin, and insulin analogues.5,6
Pregnant and lactating females and patients suffering from hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune disease, and blood clotting disease should avoid using ginseng.7
Usually, ginseng root is consumed as a whole. Other available forms are alcoholic extract, powder, teas, capsules, and often mixed with multivitamins and minerals for additive effect.1,3
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Palm trees always take us to serene tropical beach vibes. Borassus flabellifer or palmyra palm, belonging to the Arecaceae family, is commonly cultivated in India, Malaysia and South East Asia. It grows from the Persian Gulf to the Cambodian-Vietnamese border and sometimes in warmer regions like Southern Florida and Hawaii. Palm sugar is produced by dehydrating the palm sap. The palm tree has environmental as well as socio-economic importance. Palm trees require minimum water for their growth and to restore the damaged soil. Parts of the palm tree, like the trunk, leaves, fruit and seeds are used to obtain different products. Palmyra palm yields a higher amount of sugar than sugarcane. Palm sugar has been gaining popularity worldwide due to its natural source, health benefits and minimum processing.1 Let us glance through some of the health benefits of palm sugar.
Did you know?
Palm sugar may contain several bioactive compounds like flavonoids and some phenolic compounds. It may also contain minerals and vitamin C.1 Additionally, some other nutritional components in 50 g of palm sugar are as follows:
Nutritional Value of Palm Sugar2
To keep our body’s electrolyte balance in check, I recommend use of oral rehydration treatments. In situations of diarrhoea or vomiting, where the person loses a lot of fluids, minerals, and salts, these remedies are crucial. Mix six tablespoons of palm sugar with one-half teaspoon of salt in one litre of warm water to create an oral rehydration solution.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
Several studies show that palm sugar may show the following properties:
Some of the potential benefits of palm sugar are:
Palm sugar may act as antioxidant due to the presence of bioactive compounds like polyphenols and flavonoids. Studies have shown that palm sugar may show its antioxidant potential by deactivating harmful free radicals. Free radicals are atoms that damage the cells to cause diseases.1 However, further studies are required to check the effect of palm sugar on relieving oxidative stress and humans.
Palm sugar may possess the ability to protect the DNA from damage. DNA damage may lead to various diseases like cancer and genetic disorders. The result of a study suggested that palm sugar extract may protect the DNA from damage by harmful free radicals. This may be due to the antioxidant activity of bioactive compounds like flavonoids and polyphenols.1 However, more research is yet to be done to check the protective effect of palm sugar against DNA damage.
Diabetic ulcers are one of the most common complications of type-2 diabetes that occur in the lower part of body. They may be caused due to infections, disorders of the nervous system or impaired blood flow. The presence of these conditions may make the body more susceptible to infections, cause tissue death and delay wound healing. Diabetic ulcers are infected sores, and it is crucial for the timely wound healing to prevent infections and complications. Palm sugar contains several macronutrients and micronutrients like vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B12 and C, proteins and minerals that may aid wound healing. Ratnasari et al. conducted a study in 2021 that may have confirmed that palm sugar may heal diabetic ulcers.3 However, you must consult your doctor instead of self-medicating if you have diabetic ulcers.
Palm sugar may reduce the risk of colon cancer through its antioxidant activity. In addition, vitamins and minerals in palm sugar may help to lower the cancer risk.4 More studies are yet to be done on humans to check the anti-cancer activity of palm sugar. Cancer is a serious disease; therefore, you must seek medical help instead of self-medicating.
Lactic acid accumulation in the muscles may cause fatigue and cramps during and after exercise. A study showed that the ability to eliminate free radicals from the body might reduce the levels of lactic acid in the blood and reduce muscle fatigue.
Additionally, palm sugars contain carbohydrates which may act as an energy source. This may be beneficial for sportspersons who require energy sources from carbohydrates. A study showed that palm sugar might be a good energy source, and sportsmen could exercise better after its consumption.5 Further studies are required to confirm if palm sugar can reduce muscle fatigue and boost energy.
Palm sugar may aid the production of red blood cells and antibodies. This may be due to the presence of vitamin B6 in palm sugars.3 However, more research is yet to be done to confirm if palm sugar can help in the formation of red blood cells and antibodies.
The Glycemic index is a value that measures the increase in blood sugar level in the presence of a specific food. Coconut sugar, a type of palm sugar may have several health benefits due to its low glycemic index. Coconut sugar may reduce the glycemic index values of other food products also.4
Palm sugar may be used as a natural sweetener. Palm sugar has a lower glycemic index, hence it may be beneficial for those with high blood sugar levels.4
Though some studies show the benefits of palm sugar in various conditions, these are insufficient, and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of palm sugar on human health.
Despite coming from distinct sources, both table sugar and palm sugar share a similar chemical makeup. I recently read an article from the British Dental Journal with dental health recommendations, which says table sugar contains more than 99 per cent sucrose, but palm sugar has a sucrose concentration of between 70 and 80 per cent. Although palm sugar is less refined and contains more nutrients, the article advises using it sparingly and treating it the same as table sugar. Additionally, it mentions that it damages teeth like consuming sugar.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
Palm sugar can be included in the diet in the following ways:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. Likewise, do not discontinue or replace an ongoing modern medical treatment with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Palm sugar is a natural substance and has no specific side effects when taken in normal quantities However, if any side effects are noticed with its use, you must seek medical help immediately. You must consult your ayurvedic physician, who has prescribed palm sugar.
As with any other general medicine, general precautions should be taken with palm sugar. Pregnant women and lactating mothers should be extra cautious. You must consult your doctor before having palm sugar. Precaution should be taken before giving palm sugar to the elderly or children. In such cases, you must have palm sugar only if your doctor prescribes it.
There are not enough studies on the interaction of palm sugar with other drugs. Further studies on the interaction of palm sugar are yet to be done. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you are on any other medication before consuming palm sugar.
Palm sugar may act as an antioxidant and protect from DNA damage and cancer. It may also be beneficial in the case of diabetic ulcers. Further, it may lower blood pressure, enhance digestion and reduce fatigue. It can also be used as a natural sweetener. However, further studies are to be established to see the benefits of the herb on human health. Therefore, you must consult your doctor if you experience any symptoms of the disease.1,3-6
Palm sugars may contain bioactive compounds like flavonoids and phenolic compounds. It may also contain sugar, nitrogen, protein, vitamin B1 and C minerals like phosphorus and iron.1,2
Yes, palm sugar can be used as an alternative sweetener. Palm sugar has a lower glycemic index, hence it may be beneficial for those with high blood sugar levels.4
Palm sugar is a natural substance with minimum side effects. However, if any side effects are noticed on using it, you must seek medical help immediately. You must consult your ayurvedic physician, who has prescribed palm sugar. They will be able to treat you effectively.
Yes, palm sugar may help in the case of colon cancer due to its antioxidant properties. However, you must seek proper treatment and not self-medicate if you have been diagnosed with cancer.4
1) Srikaeo K, Sangkhiaw J, Likittrakulwong W. Productions and functional properties of palm sugars. Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST). 2019;16(11):897-907. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334635260_Productions_and_Functional_Properties_of_Palm_Sugars
2) Ratnasari D, Daniati E, Suliyawati E, Farhan Z. The Effect Of Wound Care With Palm Sugar On Diabetic Ulcer Repairing In Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Eduvest-Journal Of Universal Studies. 2021 Dec 20;1(12):1473. Available from: https://eduvest.greenvest.co.id/index.php/edv/article/view/303
3) Saputro AD, Van de Walle D, Dewettinck K. Palm sap sugar: A review. Sugar Tech. 2019 Dec;21(6):862-7. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12355-019-00743-8
4) Ray HR, Abdulrahman MN. The Effect of Consumption of Palm Sugar on Cardiovascular Endurance and Lactic Acid. Available from: https://www.scitepress.org/Papers/2017/70638/70638.pdf
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.
Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.
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Do you have a habit of munching raw onions in a restaurant while waiting for food to arrive? or fill your pani puri with more pyaaz (onion)? Well, raw onions may or may not be your preference, but in the cooked form they surely can make mouths water. In India, onions are regularly used in our meals and difficult for us to imagine our meals without them. The scientific name of the White onion is Allium cepa L. and belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. This white onion is one of the most grown and oldest crops in the world which originated in West Asia, Turkistan, and Afghanistan. China is the largest producer of onions and India is the second largest. Onions have low perishability, i.e., it does not get spoilt so easily.1 Different variety of onions like yellow, purple, white, and red are available which are slightly different from each other. In white onions, quercetin (a bioactive compound) is less than in red onions and they contain other compounds called ceposides A, B and C in them.2 Let us discuss the health benefits of White onion.
White onion contains 36 kcal of energy in 100gm. The following are the nutrients present in 100g of white onion:
Also Read: Lettuce: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh
From my knowledge, several compounds in white onions may aid in the fight against cancer. One of the most abundant food sources of a substance known as quercetin, which is believed to stop the activity or production of substances thought to cause cancer. A decreased chance of getting lung cancer has been linked to a diet high in quercetin.
Dr. Siddharth Gupta, B.A.M.S, M.D (Ayu)
White onion might possess the following properties:
Also Read: Banana Flower: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Rajeev Singh
Organic sulphur compounds are found in white onions. These substances are to blame for their acrid, overpowering taste and odour. Your risk of heart disease and stroke may be decreased because organic sulphur compounds may assist in lowering the level of cholesterol in your body and may also help dissolve blood clots. I suggest acquiring the most sulphur compounds from onions and consuming them raw as opposed to cooked.
Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS
There are various active components in white onion that might be helpful against certain diseases. Some of the potential uses of white onion are as follows:
The activity of the alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase play a role in the progression of diabetes. It was seen in studies that white onion might have the capacity to reduce the activity of these compounds and may help in lowering blood glucose levels. This might be due to the presence of the various phytochemicals present in it. Therefore, white onion might be helpful for diabetes. However, ensure that you consult a doctor for the proper diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and refrain from self-medication. 6
It was seen in studies that white onion might interfere with the activity of an enzyme Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) which alters the blood pressure. Many drugs which are prescribed by doctors for high blood pressure also target this enzyme to lower the blood pressure. Therefore, white onions might also reduce blood pressure. However, kindly consult a doctor and do not self-medicate for your health conditions. Do not self-medicate.6
Studies have shown that white onions contain many phytochemicals like quercetin and kaempferol which exhibit antioxidant properties. This antioxidant property of white onions might help in reducing oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals. Thereby, white onion may help against cell damage and chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress.7
White onions contain ceposides in them and these ceposides are saponins that might be responsible for the antifungal activity. In a study, the ceposides isolated from white onions were evaluated for their antifungal activity against different fungi. Therefore, white onions might be effective against certain fungi and fungal infections. However, more studies are required to prove these possible effects.4 If you have any fungal infections consult the doctor and do not self-medicate.
Onions might exhibit many beneficial properties as a nutraceutical vegetable and may help in reducing the risk of heart diseases. It may act as an antioxidant, regulate blood lipids, and improve the function of blood vessel cells. Therefore, by decreasing the risk of heart disease, onions might help in the maintenance of heart health. Heart diseases are serious, and you must consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment of suspected heart diseases.5 Do not self-medicate.
A study was conducted to check the effect of onion on weight. They were given onion peel extracts containing quercetin. It was noted that over a period there may be a decline in the body fat mass and the body-mass index (ratio of fat to muscle calculated according to individual height and weight). Therefore, quercetin present in white onions might be helpful for weight management. However, more large-scale studies are required.5 If you want to manage weight consult a proper nutritionist and do not self-medicate.
Though there are studies that show the potential uses of white onion in various conditions, these are insufficient and there is a need for further studies to establish the true extent of the benefits of white onion on human health.
Also Read: Tomato Juice: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode
The bulbs of white onion can be used for cooking. It is used in the preparation of different kinds of dishes in various cuisines around the world. It has a pungent flavour and can be used in the following ways:
You must consult a qualified doctor before taking onion in large quantities or any herbal supplements. Do not discontinue or replace an ongoing treatment of modern medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal preparation without consulting a qualified doctor.
Your body odour may be the only drawback to eating white onions that you will likely notice. The sulphur compounds in onions that are broken down by your body may react with perspiration on your skin to produce what is typically thought of as an unpleasant body odour. White onions may worsen gas and bloating in people with irritable bowel syndrome. If so, I suggest limiting their usage is advised.
Dr. Smita Barode, B.A.M.S, M.S.
Consumption of white onion might cause heartburn.5 There is a requirement for more studies to be performed for the exploration of more side effects of white onion if any. Therefore, ensure that you consult a doctor if you notice any unusual effects after the consumption of white onion.
White onion is relatively safer when taken in food quantities. There have been no reports regarding the safety of white onion in children and elderly individuals.
There have been no reports of the effects of white onion on pregnant women. Therefore, it is advised to consult and discuss with a doctor before use.
Also Read: Betel Leaves: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects By Dr. Smita Barode
Studies have shown that eating cooked onions might have the potential to increase warfarin (a drug which is helpful against blood clots) activity.8 Therefore, kindly consult a doctor and confirm whether it is safe for you to consume onions, especially if you are undergoing any treatment and are on medication for the same.
There is a need for more research to establish the effects of onion on other drugs.
White onions might be against diabetes, blood pressure, oxidative stress and for fungal infections. However, more research is required to prove the possible benefits of white onion. Therefore, kindly consult a doctor for the stated conditions and do not self-medicate.1,4,6,7
Yes, you can use dried white onion for cooking. You can use it in soups, salads, and dishes.1
There are no reports regarding the potential uses of white onion for hair. Therefore, there is a requirement for more research on this subject.
Sometimes, cooked white onion might cause heartburn. Kindly consult a doctor and discuss whether it is safe for you to consume onions.5
Yes, white onions might help in lowering blood pressure by possibly interfering with the activity of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) which is responsible for the abnormal rise of blood pressure. However, ensure that you consult a doctor for elevated blood pressure and do not self-medicate.6
1. Ríos-González IJ, Guevara-Aguilar A, Sida-Arreola JP, Sánchez E, Ronquillo-Aboite JO, Alvarado-González M, et al. Effect of controlled atmospheres on the quality of white onion (Allium cepa L). J Food Sci Technol [Internet]. 2018 Sep 16;55(9):3564–74. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13197-018-3282-z
2. Golubkina N, Caruso G. Onion. In: Nutritional Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Fruits and Vegetables [Internet]. Elsevier; 2020. p. 73–87. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128127803000052
3. Lanzotti V, Romano A, Lanzuise S, Bonanomi G, Scala F. Antifungal saponins from bulbs of white onion, Allium cepa L. Phytochemistry [Internet]. 2012;74:133–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.11.008
4. Galavi A, Hosseinzadeh H, Razavi BM. The effects of Allium cepa L. (onion) and its active constituents on the metabolic syndrome: A review. Iran J Basic Med Sci [Internet]. 2020;24(1):3–16. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894628/
5. Oboh G, Ademiluyi AO, Agunloye OM, Ademosun AO, Ogunsakin BG. Inhibitory Effect of Garlic, Purple Onion, and White Onion on Key Enzymes Linked with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension. J Diet Suppl [Internet]. 2019;16(1):105–18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2018.1438553
6. Liguori L, Califano R, Albanese D, Raimo F, Crescitelli A, Di Matteo M. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Five White Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Landraces. J Food Qual [Internet]. 2017;2017:1–9. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jfq/2017/6873651/
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